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199 rows where part_number = 141 and title_number = 40 sorted by section_id
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| section_id ▼ | title_number | title_name | chapter | subchapter | part_number | part_name | subpart | subpart_name | section_number | section_heading | agency | authority | source_citation | amendment_citations | full_text |
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| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.1.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | A | Subpart A—General | § 141.1 Applicability. | EPA | This part establishes primary drinking water regulations pursuant to section 1412 of the Public Health Service Act, as amended by the Safe Drinking Water Act (Pub. L. 93-523); and related regulations applicable to public water systems. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.1.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | A | Subpart A—General | § 141.2 Definitions. | EPA | [40 FR 59570, Dec. 24, 1975] | As used in this part, the term: Act means the Public Health Service Act, as amended by the Safe Drinking Water Act, Public Law 93-523. Action level, for the purpose of subpart I of this part only, means the concentrations of lead or copper in water as specified in § 141.80(c) which determines requirements under subpart I of this part. The lead action level is 0.010 mg/L and the copper action level is 1.3 mg/L. Aerator means the device embedded in the water faucet to enhance air flow with the water stream and to prevent splashing. Bag filters are pressure-driven separation devices that remove particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed of a non-rigid, fabric filtration media housed in a pressure vessel in which the direction of flow is from the inside of the bag to outside. Bank filtration is a water treatment process that uses a well to recover surface water that has naturally infiltrated into ground water through a river bed or bank(s). Infiltration is typically enhanced by the hydraulic gradient imposed by a nearby pumping water supply or other well(s). Best available technology or BAT means the best technology, treatment techniques, or other means which the Administrator finds, after examination for efficacy under field conditions and not solely under laboratory conditions, are available (taking cost into consideration). For the purposes of setting MCLs for synthetic organic chemicals, any BAT must be at least as effective as granular activated carbon. Cartridge filters are pressure-driven separation devices that remove particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed as rigid or semi-rigid, self-supporting filter elements housed in pressure vessels in which flow is from the outside of the cartridge to the inside. Child care facility, for the purpose of subpart I of this part only, means a location that houses a provider of child care, day care, or… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.1.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | A | Subpart A—General | § 141.3 Coverage. | EPA | This part shall apply to each public water system, unless the public water system meets all of the following conditions: (a) Consists only of distribution and storage facilities (and does not have any collection and treatment facilities); (b) Obtains all of its water from, but is not owned or operated by, a public water system to which such regulations apply: (c) Does not sell water to any person; and (d) Is not a carrier which conveys passengers in interstate commerce. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.1.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | A | Subpart A—General | § 141.4 Variances and exemptions. | EPA | [78 FR 10346, Feb. 13, 2013] | (a) Variances or exemptions from certain provisions of these regulations may be granted pursuant to sections 1415 and 1416 of the Act and subpart K of part 142 of this chapter (for small system variances) by the entity with primary enforcement responsibility, except that variances or exemptions from the MCLs for total coliforms and E. coli and variances from any of the treatment technique requirements of subpart H of this part may not be granted. (b) EPA has stayed the effective date of this section relating to the total coliform MCL of § 141.63(a) for systems that demonstrate to the State that the violation of the total coliform MCL is due to a persistent growth of total coliforms in the distribution system rather than fecal or pathogenic contamination, a treatment lapse or deficiency, or a problem in the operation or maintenance of the distribution system. This is stayed until March 31, 2016, at which time the total coliform MCL is no longer effective. As provided in § 142.304(a), small system variances are not available for rules addressing microbial contaminants, which would include subparts H, P, S, T, W, and Y of this part. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.1.16.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | A | Subpart A—General | § 141.5 Siting requirements. | EPA | Before a person may enter into a financial commitment for or initiate construction of a new public water system or increase the capacity of an existing public water system, he shall notify the State and, to the extent practicable, avoid locating part or all of the new or expanded facility at a site which: (a) Is subject to a significant risk from earthquakes, floods, fires or other disasters which could cause a breakdown of the public water system or a portion thereof; or (b) Except for intake structures, is within the floodplain of a 100-year flood or is lower than any recorded high tide where appropriate records exist. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency will not seek to override land use decisions affecting public water systems siting which are made at the State or local government levels. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.1.16.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | A | Subpart A—General | § 141.6 Effective dates. | EPA | [44 FR 68641, Nov. 29, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 57342, Aug. 27, 1980; 47 FR 10998, Mar. 12, 1982; 51 FR 11410, Apr. 2, 1986; 56 FR 30274, July 1, 1991; 57 FR 22178, May 27, 1992; 57 FR 31838, July 17, 1992; 59 FR 34322, July 1, 1994; 61 FR 24368, May 14, 1996; 66 FR 7061, Jan. 22, 2001; 66 FR 28350, May 22, 2001; 89 FR 32744, Apr. 26, 2024] | (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) through (l) of this section the regulations set forth in this part take effect on June 24, 1977. (b) The regulations for total trihalomethanes set forth in § 141.12(c) shall take effect 2 years after the date of promulgation of these regulations for community water systems serving 75,000 or more individuals, and 4 years after the date of promulgation for communities serving 10,000 to 74,999 individuals. (c) The regulations set forth in §§ 141.11(d); 141.21(a), (c) and (i); 141.22(a) and (e); 141.23(a)(3) and (a)(4); 141.23(f); 141.24(e) and (f); 141.25(e); 141.27(a); 141.28(a) and (b); 141.31(a), (d) and (e); 141.32(b)(3); and 141.32(d) shall take effect immediately upon promulgation. (d) The regulations set forth in § 141.41 shall take effect 18 months from the date of promulgation. Suppliers must complete the first round of sampling and reporting within 12 months following the effective date. (e) The regulations set forth in § 141.42 shall take effect 18 months from the date of promulgation. All requirements in § 141.42 must be completed within 12 months following the effective date. (f) The regulations set forth in § 141.11(c) and § 141.23(g) are effective May 2, 1986. Section 141.23(g)(4) is effective October 2, 1987. (g) The regulations contained in § 141.6, paragraph (c) of the table in §§ 141.12, and 141.62(b)(1) are effective July 1, 1991. The regulations contained in §§ 141.11(b), 141.23, 141.24, 142.57(b), 143.4(b)(12) and (b)(13), are effective July 30, 1992. The regulations contained in the revisions to §§ 141.32(e) (16), (25) through (27) and (46); 141.61(c)(16); and 141.62(b)(3) are effective January 1, 1993. The effective date of regulations contained in § 141.61(c) (2), (3), and (4) is postponed. (h) Regulations for the analytic methods listed at § 141.23(k)(4) for measuring antimony, beryllium, cyanide, nickel, and thallium are effective August 17, 1992. Regulations for the analytic methods listed at § 141.24(f)(16) for dichloromethane, 1,2,4-trichl… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.10.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | J | Subpart J—Use of Non-Centralized Treatment Devices | § 141.100 Criteria and procedures for public water systems using point-of-entry devices. | EPA | [52 FR 25716, July 8, 1987; 53 FR 25111, July 1, 1988] | (a) Public water systems may use point-of-entry devices to comply with maximum contaminant levels only if they meet the requirements of this section. (b) It is the responsibility of the public water system to operate and maintain the point-of-entry treatment system. (c) The public water system must develop and obtain State approval for a monitoring plan before point-of-entry devices are installed for compliance. Under the plan approved by the State, point-of-entry devices must provide health protection equivalent to central water treatment. “Equivalent” means that the water would meet all national primary drinking water regulations and would be of acceptable quality similar to water distributed by a well-operated central treatment plant. In addition to the VOCs, monitoring must include physical measurements and observations such as total flow treated and mechanical condition of the treatment equipment. (d) Effective technology must be properly applied under a plan approved by the State and the microbiological safety of the water must be maintained. (1) The State must require adequate certification of performance, field testing, and, if not included in the certification process, a rigorous engineering design review of the point-of-entry devices. (2) The design and application of the point-of-entry devices must consider the tendency for increase in heterotrophic bacteria concentrations in water treated with activated carbon. It may be necessary to use frequent backwashing, post-contactor disinfection, and Heterotrophic Plate Count monitoring to ensure that the microbiological safety of the water is not compromised. (e) All consumers shall be protected. Every building connected to the system must have a point-of-entry device installed, maintained, and adequately monitored. The State must be assured that every building is subject to treatment and monitoring, and that the rights and responsibilities of the public water system customer convey with title upon sale of property. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.10.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | J | Subpart J—Use of Non-Centralized Treatment Devices | § 141.101 Use of bottled water. | EPA | [63 FR 31934, June 11, 1998] | Public water systems shall not use bottled water to achieve compliance with an MCL. Bottled water may be used on a temporary basis to avoid unreasonable risk to health. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.11.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | K | Subpart K—Treatment Techniques | § 141.110 General requirements. | EPA | The requirements of subpart K of this part constitute national primary drinking water regulations. These regulations establish treatment techniques in lieu of maximum contaminant levels for specified contaminants. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.11.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | K | Subpart K—Treatment Techniques | § 141.111 Treatment techniques for acrylamide and epichlorohydrin. | EPA | Each public water system must certify annually in writing to the State (using third party or manufacturer's certification) that when acrylamide and epichlorohydrin are used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level does not exceed the levels specified as follows: Acrylamide = 0.05% dosed at 1 ppm (or equivalent) Epichlorohydrin = 0.01% dosed at 20 ppm (or equivalent) Acrylamide = 0.05% dosed at 1 ppm (or equivalent) Epichlorohydrin = 0.01% dosed at 20 ppm (or equivalent) Certifications can rely on manufacturers or third parties, as approved by the State. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.12.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | L | Subpart L—Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors | § 141.130 General requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69466, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3776, Jan. 16, 2001] | (a) The requirements of this subpart L constitute national primary drinking water regulations. (1) The regulations in this subpart establish criteria under which community water systems (CWSs) and nontransient, noncommunity water systems (NTNCWSs) which add a chemical disinfectant to the water in any part of the drinking water treatment process must modify their practices to meet MCLs and MRDLs in §§ 141.64 and 141.65, respectively, and must meet the treatment technique requirements for disinfection byproduct precursors in § 141.135. (2) The regulations in this subpart establish criteria under which transient NCWSs that use chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must modify their practices to meet the MRDL for chlorine dioxide in § 141.65. (3) EPA has established MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 and treatment technique requirements for disinfection byproduct precursors to limit the levels of known and unknown disinfection byproducts which may have adverse health effects. These disinfection byproducts may include chloroform; bromodichloromethane; dibromochloromethane; bromoform; dichloroacetic acid; and trichloroacetic acid. (b) Compliance dates —(1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. Unless otherwise noted, systems must comply with the requirements of this subpart as follows. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons must comply with this subpart beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and systems using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water must comply with this subpart beginning January 1, 2004. (2) Transient NCWSs. Subpart H systems serving 10,000 or more persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with any requirements for chlorine dioxide in this subpart beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant and systems using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant o… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.12.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | L | Subpart L—Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors | § 141.131 Analytical requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69466, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3776, Jan. 16, 2001; 71 FR 479, Jan. 4, 2006; 71 FR 37168, June 29, 2006; 74 FR 30958, June 29, 2009] | (a) General. (1) Systems must use only the analytical methods specified in this section, or their equivalent as approved by EPA, to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this subpart and with the requirements of subparts U and V of this part. These methods are effective for compliance monitoring February 16, 1999, unless a different effective date is specified in this section or by the State. (2) The following documents are incorporated by reference. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies may be inspected at EPA's Drinking Water Docket, 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW., EPA West, Room B102, Washington, DC 20460, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. EPA Method 552.1 is in Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water-Supplement II, USEPA, August 1992, EPA/600/R-92/129 (available through National Information Technical Service (NTIS), PB92-207703). EPA Methods 502.2, 524.2, 551.1, and 552.2 are in Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water-Supplement III, USEPA, August 1995, EPA/600/R-95/131 (available through NTIS, PB95-261616). EPA Method 300.0 is in Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, USEPA, August 1993, EPA/600/R-93/100 (available through NTIS, PB94-121811). EPA Methods 300.1 and 321.8 are in Methods for the Determination of Organic and Inorganic Compounds in Drinking Water, Volume 1, USEPA, August 2000, EPA 815-R-00-014 (available through NTIS, PB2000-106981). EPA Method 317.0, Revision 2.0, “Determination of Inorganic Oxyhalide Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water Using Ion Chromatography with the Addition of a Postcolumn Reagent for Trace Bromate Analysis,” USEPA, July 2001, EPA 815-B-01-001, EPA Met… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.12.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | L | Subpart L—Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors | § 141.132 Monitoring requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69466, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3776, Jan. 16, 2001; 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004; 71 FR 482, Jan. 4, 2006; 78 FR 10348, Feb. 13, 2013] | (a) General requirements. (1) Systems must take all samples during normal operating conditions. (2) Systems may consider multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer as one treatment plant for determining the minimum number of TTHM and HAA5 samples required, with State approval in accordance with criteria developed under § 142.16(h)(5) of this chapter. (3) Failure to monitor in accordance with the monitoring plan required under paragraph (f) of this section is a monitoring violation. (4) Failure to monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered by the annual average where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with MCLs or MRDLs. (5) Systems may use only data collected under the provisions of this subpart to qualify for reduced monitoring. (b) Monitoring requirements for disinfection byproducts —(1) TTHMs and HAA5 —(i) Routine monitoring. Systems must monitor at the frequency indicated in the following table: Routine Monitoring Frequency for TTHM and HAA5 1 If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25 percent of all samples collected each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system. 2 Multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer may be considered one treatment plant for determining the minimum number of samples required, with State approval in accordance with criteria developed under § 142.16(h)(5) of this chapter. (ii) Systems may reduce monitoring, except as otherwise provided, in accordance with the following table: Reduced Monitoring Frequency for TTHM and HAA5 (iii) Monitoring requirements for source water TOC. In order to qualify… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.12.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | L | Subpart L—Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors | § 141.133 Compliance requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69466, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 65 FR 26022, May 4, 2000; 65 FR 40521, June 30, 2000; 66 FR 3777, Jan. 16, 2001; 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004; 71 FR 482, Jan. 4, 2006] | (a) General requirements. (1) Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the system fails to monitor for TTHM, HAA5, or bromate, this failure to monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire period covered by the annual average. Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and the system failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine compliance with MRDLs for chlorine and chloramines, this failure to monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire period covered by the annual average. (2) All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of this subpart must be included in determining compliance, even if that number is greater than the minimum required. (3) If, during the first year of monitoring under § 141.132, any individual quarter's average will cause the running annual average of that system to exceed the MCL for total trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids (five), or bromate; or the MRDL for chlorine or chloramine, the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter. (b) Disinfection byproducts —(1) TTHMs and HAA5. (i) For systems monitoring quarterly, compliance with MCLs in § 141.64 must be based on a running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of quarterly arithmetic averages of all samples collected by the system as prescribed by § 141.132(b)(1). (ii) For systems monitoring less frequently than quarterly, systems demonstrate MCL compliance if the average of samples taken that year under the provisions of § 141.132(b)(1) does not exceed the MCLs in § 141.64. If the average of these samples exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to once per quarter per treatment plant and such a system is not in violation of the MCL until it has completed one year of quarterly monitoring, unless the result of fewer than four quarters of monitoring will cause the running annual average to exceed the MCL, in which case the system is in… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.12.16.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | L | Subpart L—Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors | § 141.134 Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69466, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3778, Jan. 16, 2001; 66 FR 9903, Feb. 12, 2001] | (a) Systems required to sample quarterly or more frequently must report to the State within 10 days after the end of each quarter in which samples were collected, notwithstanding the provisions of § 141.31. Systems required to sample less frequently than quarterly must report to the State within 10 days after the end of each monitoring period in which samples were collected. (b) Disinfection byproducts. Systems must report the information specified in the following table: 1 The State may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the MCL was exceeded, in lieu of having the system report that information (c) Disinfectants. Systems must report the information specified in the following table: 1 The State may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the MRDL was exceeded, in lieu of having the system report that information. (d) Disinfection byproduct precursors and enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening. Systems must report the information specified in the following table: 1 The State may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the treatment technique was met, in lieu of having the system report that information. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.12.16.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | L | Subpart L—Disinfectant Residuals, Disinfection Byproducts, and Disinfection Byproduct Precursors | § 141.135 Treatment technique for control of disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors. | EPA | [63 FR 69466, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3779, Jan. 16, 2001; 71 FR 482, Jan. 4, 2006] | (a) Applicability. (1) Subpart H systems using conventional filtration treatment (as defined in § 141.2) must operate with enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening to achieve the TOC percent removal levels specified in paragraph (b) of this section unless the system meets at least one of the alternative compliance criteria listed in paragraph (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section. (2) Alternative compliance criteria for enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening systems. Subpart H systems using conventional filtration treatment may use the alternative compliance criteria in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (vi) of this section to comply with this section in lieu of complying with paragraph (b) of this section. Systems must still comply with monitoring requirements in § 141.132(d). (i) The system's source water TOC level, measured according to § 141.131(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L, calculated quarterly as a running annual average. (ii) The system's treated water TOC level, measured according to § 141.131(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L, calculated quarterly as a running annual average. (iii) The system's source water TOC level, measured according to § 141.131(d)(3), is less than 4.0 mg/L, calculated quarterly as a running annual average; the source water alkalinity, measured according to § 141.131(d)(1), is greater than 60 mg/L (as CaCO 3 ), calculated quarterly as a running annual average; and either the TTHM and HAA5 running annual averages are no greater than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L, respectively; or prior to the effective date for compliance in § 141.130(b), the system has made a clear and irrevocable financial commitment not later than the effective date for compliance in § 141.130(b) to use of technologies that will limit the levels of TTHMs and HAA5 to no more than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L, respectively. Systems must submit evidence of a clear and irrevocable financial commitment, in addition to a schedule containing milestones and periodic progress reports for installation and operation of appropriate t… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.14.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | O | Subpart O—Consumer Confidence Reports | § 141.151 Purpose and applicability of this subpart. | EPA | [63 FR 44526, Aug. 19, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 483, Jan. 4, 2006; 89 FR 46008, May 24, 2024; 89 FR 32746, Apr. 26, 2024] | (a) This subpart establishes the minimum requirements for the content of reports that community water systems must deliver to their customers. These reports must contain information on the quality of the water delivered by the systems and characterize the risks (if any) from exposure to contaminants detected in the drinking water in an accurate and understandable manner. This subpart also includes requirements for systems serving more than 100,000 persons to develop and annually update a plan for providing assistance to consumers with limited English proficiency. (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of § 141.3, this subpart applies only to community water systems. (c) For the purpose of this subpart, customers are defined as billing units or service connections to which water is delivered by a community water system. For the purposes of this subpart, consumers are defined as people served by the water system, including customers, and people that do not receive a bill. (d) For the purpose of this subpart, detected means: at or above the levels prescribed by § 141.23(a)(4) for inorganic contaminants, at or above the levels prescribed by § 141.24(f)(7) for the contaminants listed in § 141.61(a), at or above the levels prescribed by § 141.24(h)(18) for the contaminants listed in § 141.61(c) (except PFAS), at or above the levels prescribed by § 141.131(b)(2)(iv) for the contaminants or contaminant groups listed in § 141.64, at or above the levels prescribed by § 141.25(c) for radioactive contaminants, and at or above the levels prescribed in § 141.902(a)(5) for PFAS listed in § 141.61(c). (e) A State that has primary enforcement responsibility may adopt by rule, after notice and comment, alternative requirements for the form and content of the reports. The alternative requirements must provide the same type and amount of information as required by §§ 141.153 and 141.154, and must be designed to achieve an equivalent level of public information and education as would be achieved under this subpart. (f) For purpo… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.14.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | O | Subpart O—Consumer Confidence Reports | § 141.152 Compliance dates. | EPA | [63 FR 44526, Aug. 19, 1998, as amended at 89 FR 46008, May 24, 2024; 89 FR 86662, Oct. 30, 2024] | (a) Between June 24, 2024, and December 31, 2026, community water systems must comply with 40 CFR 141.151 through 141.155 (except § 141.153(d)(4)(xii)), as codified on July 1, 2023. Beginning January 1, 2027, community water systems must comply with 40 CFR 141.151 through 141.156 (except § 141.153(8)(h)(i)), as codified on July 1, 2024. Beginning November 1, 2027, community water systems must comply with 40 CFR 141.151 through 141.156, as codified on July 1, 2025. (b) Each existing community water system must deliver reports according to § 141.155 by July 1 each year. Each report delivered by July 1 must contain data collected during the previous calendar year, or the most recent calendar year before the previous calendar year. (c) A new community water system must deliver its first report by July 1 of the year after its first full calendar year in operation. (d) A community water system that sells water to another community water system must deliver the applicable information required in § 141.153 to the buyer system: (1) By April 1, 2027, and annually thereafter; or (2) On a date mutually agreed upon by the seller and the purchaser, and specifically included in a contract between the parties; and (3) A community water system that sells water to another community water system that is required to provide reports biannually according to § 141.155(i) must provide the applicable information required in § 141.155(j) by October 1, 2027, to the buyer system, and annually thereafter, or a date mutually agreed upon by the seller and the purchaser, included in a contract between the parties. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.14.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | O | Subpart O—Consumer Confidence Reports | § 141.153 Content of the reports. | EPA | [63 FR 44526, Aug. 19, 1998, as amended at 63 FR 69516, Dec. 16, 1998; 64 FR 34733, June 29, 1999; 65 FR 26022, May 4, 2000; 67 FR 1836, Jan. 14, 2002; 71 FR 483, Jan. 4, 2006; 71 FR 65651, Nov. 8, 2006; 78 FR 10348, Feb. 13, 2013; 86 FR 4309, Jan. 15, 2021; 89 FR 32746, Apr. 26, 2024; 89 FR 46008, May 24, 2024; 89 FR 86662, Oct. 30, 2024] | (a) Each community water system must provide to its customers a report(s) that contains the information specified in this section, § 141.154, and include a summary as specified in § 141.156. (b) Information on the source of the water delivered: (1) Each report must identify the source(s) of the water delivered by the community water system by providing information on: (i) The type of the water: e.g., surface water, ground water; and (ii) The commonly used name (if any) and location of the body (or bodies) of water. (2) If a source water assessment has been completed, the report must notify consumers of the availability of this information, the year it was completed or most recently updated, and the means to obtain it. In addition, systems are encouraged to highlight in the report significant sources of contamination in the source water area if they have readily available information. Where a system has received a source water assessment from the primacy agency, the report must include a brief summary of the system's susceptibility to potential sources of contamination, using language provided by the primacy agency or written by the operator. (c) Definitions. (1) Each report must include the following definitions: (i) Maximum Contaminant Level Goal or MCLG: The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety. (ii) Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL: The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology. (iii) Contaminant: Any physical, chemical, biological, or radiological substance or matter in water. (2) A report for a community water system operating under a variance or an exemption issued under § 1415 or 1416 of SDWA must include the following definition: Variances and Exemptions: State or EPA permission not to meet an MCL or a treatment technique under certain conditions. (3) A report that contains … | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.14.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | O | Subpart O—Consumer Confidence Reports | § 141.154 Required additional health information. | EPA | [63 FR 44526, Aug. 19, 1998, as amended at 63 FR 69475, Dec. 16, 1998; 64 FR 34733, June 29, 1999; 65 FR 26023, May 4, 2000; 66 FR 7064, Jan. 22, 2001; 68 FR 14506, Mar. 25, 2003; 72 FR 57820, Oct. 10, 2007; 86 FR 4309, Jan. 15, 2021; 89 FR 46011, May 24, 2024; 89 FR 86662, Oct. 30, 2024] | (a) All reports must prominently display the following language: Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791) or on EPA's website epa.gov/safewater. (b) A system that detects arsenic above 0.005 mg/L and up to and including 0.010 mg/L: (1) Must include in its report a short informational statement about arsenic, using language such as: Arsenic is known to cause cancer in humans. Arsenic also may cause other health effects such as skin damage and circulatory problems. [NAME OF UTILITY] meets the EPA arsenic drinking water standard, also known as a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). However, you should know that EPA's MCL for arsenic balances the scientific community's understanding of arsenic-related health effects and the cost of removing arsenic from drinking water. The highest concentration of arsenic found in [YEAR] was [INSERT MAX ARSENIC LEVEL per § 141.153(d)(4)(iv)] ppb. (2) May use an alternative educational statement in the CCR if approved by the Primacy Agency. (c) A system which detects nitrate at levels above 5 mg/l, but below the MCL: (1) Must include a short informational statement about the impacts of nitrate on children using language such as: Even though [NAME OF UTILITY] meets the EPA nitrate drinking water standard, also known as a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), if you are caring for an infant and using tap water to prepare formula, you may want to use alternate sources of water or ask for advice from your health ca… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.14.16.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | O | Subpart O—Consumer Confidence Reports | § 141.155 Report delivery, reporting, and recordkeeping. | EPA | [63 FR 44526, Aug. 19, 1998, as amended at 65 FR 26023, May 4, 2000; 89 FR 46012, May 24, 2024] | (a) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each community water system must directly deliver a copy of the report to each customer. (1) Systems must use at a minimum, one of the following forms of delivery: (i) Mail or hand deliver a paper copy of the report; (ii) Mail a notification that the report is available on a website via a direct link; (iii) Email a direct link or electronic version of the report; or (iv) Another direct delivery method approved in writing by the primacy agency. (2) Systems using electronic delivery methods in paragraph (a)(1)(ii), (iii), or (iv) of this section must provide a paper copy of the report to any customer upon request. The notification method must prominently display directions for requesting such copy. (3) For systems that choose to electronically deliver the reports by posting the report to a website and providing a notification either by mail or email: (i) The report must be publicly available on the website at time notification is made; (ii) Notifications must prominently display the link and include an explanation of the nature of the link; and (iii) Systems may use a web page to convey the information required in §§ 141.153, 141.154, and 141.156. (4) Systems that use a publicly available website to provide reports must maintain public access to the report for no less than 3 years. (b) The system must make a good faith effort to reach consumers who do not get water bills, using means recommended by the primacy agency. EPA expects that an adequate good faith effort will be tailored to the consumers who are served by the system but are not bill-paying customers, such as renters or workers. A good faith effort to reach consumers includes a mix of methods to reach the broadest possible range of persons served by the water system such as, but not limited to: Posting the reports on the internet; mailing reports or postcards with links to the reports to all service addresses and/or postal customers; using an opt in notification system to send emails and/… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.14.16.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | O | Subpart O—Consumer Confidence Reports | § 141.156 Summary of report contents. | EPA | [89 FR 46013, May 24, 2024] | (a) Each report must include a summary displayed prominently at the beginning of the report, including a brief description of the nature of the report. (b) Systems must include, at a minimum, the following information in the summary: (1) Summary of violations and compliance information included in the report required by § 141.153(d)(6) and (8), (f), and (h)(6) and (7). (2) Contact information for owner, operator, or designee of the community water system as a source of additional information concerning the report, per § 141.153(h)(2). (c) If applicable, systems must include the following in the summary: (1) For systems using delivery methods in § 141.155(a)(1)(ii), (iii), or (iv), the summary must include directions for consumers to request a paper copy of the report, as described in § 141.155(a)(2). (2) For systems subject to § 141.153(h)(3) because they serve a large proportion of consumers with limited English proficiency, the summary must include information where consumers may obtain a translated copy of the report, or get assistance in the appropriate language(s). (3) For systems using the report to also meet the public notification requirements of subpart Q of this part, the summary must specify that it is also serving to provide public notification of one or more violations or situations, provide a brief statement about the nature of the notice(s), and a brief description of how to locate the notice(s) in the report. (d) The summary should be written in plain language and may use infographics. (e) For those systems required to include a 6-month update with the second report under § 141.155(j)(2), the summary should include a brief description of the nature of the report and update, noting the availability of new information for the current year (between January and June). (f) The report summary must include the following standard language to encourage the distribution of the report to all persons served: Please share this information with anyone who drinks this water (or their guardians), espec… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.15.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | P | Subpart P—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving 10,000 or More People | § 141.170 General requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69516, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3779, Jan. 16, 2001; 67 FR 1836, Jan. 14, 2002; 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | (a) The requirements of this subpart P constitute national primary drinking water regulations. These regulations establish requirements for filtration and disinfection that are in addition to criteria under which filtration and disinfection are required under subpart H of this part. The requirements of this subpart are applicable to subpart H systems serving at least 10,000 people, beginning January 1, 2002 unless otherwise specified in this subpart. The regulations in this subpart establish or extend treatment technique requirements in lieu of maximum contaminant levels for the following contaminants: Giardia lamblia, viruses, heterotrophic plate count bacteria, Legionella, Cryptosporidium, and turbidity. Each subpart H system serving at least 10,000 people must provide treatment of its source water that complies with these treatment technique requirements and are in addition to those identified in § 141.70. The treatment technique requirements consist of installing and properly operating water treatment processes which reliably achieve: (1) At least 99 percent (2-log) removal of Cryptosporidium between a point where the raw water is not subject to recontamination by surface water runoff and a point downstream before or at the first customer for filtered systems, or Cryptosporidium control under the watershed control plan for unfiltered systems. (2) Compliance with the profiling and benchmark requirements under the provisions of § 141.172. (b) A public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart is considered to be in compliance with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section if: (1) It meets the requirements for avoiding filtration in §§ 141.71 and 141.171 and the disinfection requirements in §§ 141.72 and 141.172; or (2) It meets the applicable filtration requirements in either § 141.73 or § 141.173 and the disinfection requirements in §§ 141.72 and 141.172. (c) Systems are not permitted to begin construction of uncovered finished water storage facilities beginning February 16… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.15.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | P | Subpart P—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving 10,000 or More People | § 141.171 Criteria for avoiding filtration. | EPA | In addition to the requirements of § 141.71, a public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart that does not provide filtration must meet all of the conditions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Site-specific conditions. In addition to site-specific conditions in § 141.71(b), systems must maintain the watershed control program under § 141.71(b)(2) to minimize the potential for contamination by Cryptosporidium oocysts in the source water. The watershed control program must, for Cryptosporidium : (1) Identify watershed characteristics and activities which may have an adverse effect on source water quality; and (2) Monitor the occurrence of activities which may have an adverse effect on source water quality. (b) During the onsite inspection conducted under the provisions of § 141.71(b)(3), the State must determine whether the watershed control program established under § 141.71(b)(2) is adequate to limit potential contamination by Cryptosporidium oocysts. The adequacy of the program must be based on the comprehensiveness of the watershed review; the effectiveness of the system's program to monitor and control detrimental activities occurring in the watershed; and the extent to which the water system has maximized land ownership and/or controlled land use within the watershed. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.15.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | P | Subpart P—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving 10,000 or More People | § 141.172 Disinfection profiling and benchmarking. | EPA | [63 FR 69516, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3779, Jan. 16, 2001] | (a) Determination of systems required to profile. A public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart must determine its TTHM annual average using the procedure in paragraph (a)(1) of this section and its HAA5 annual average using the procedure in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. The annual average is the arithmetic average of the quarterly averages of four consecutive quarters of monitoring. (1) The TTHM annual average must be the annual average during the same period as is used for the HAA5 annual average. (i) Those systems that collected data under the provisions of subpart M (Information Collection Rule) must use the results of the samples collected during the last four quarters of required monitoring under § 141.142. (ii) Those systems that use “grandfathered” HAA5 occurrence data that meet the provisions of paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section must use TTHM data collected at the same time under the provisions of §§ 141.12 and 141.30. (iii) Those systems that use HAA5 occurrence data that meet the provisions of paragraph (a)(2)(iii)(A) of this section must use TTHM data collected at the same time under the provisions of §§ 141.12 and 141.30. (2) The HAA5 annual average must be the annual average during the same period as is used for the TTHM annual average. (i) Those systems that collected data under the provisions of subpart M (Information Collection Rule) must use the results of the samples collected during the last four quarters of required monitoring under § 141.142. (ii) Those systems that have collected four quarters of HAA5 occurrence data that meets the routine monitoring sample number and location requirements for TTHM in §§ 141.12 and 141.30 and handling and analytical method requirements of § 141.142(b)(1) may use those data to determine whether the requirements of this section apply. (iii) Those systems that have not collected four quarters of HAA5 occurrence data that meets the provisions of either paragraph (a)(2)(i) or (ii) of this section by March 16, 1999 must either… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.15.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | P | Subpart P—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving 10,000 or More People | § 141.173 Filtration. | EPA | [63 FR 69516, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 65 FR 20313, Apr. 14, 2000; 66 FR 3779, Jan. 16, 2001] | A public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart that does not meet all of the criteria in this subpart and subpart H of this part for avoiding filtration must provide treatment consisting of both disinfection, as specified in § 141.72(b), and filtration treatment which complies with the requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of this section or § 141.73 (b) or (c) by December 31, 2001. (a) Conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration. (1) For systems using conventional filtration or direct filtration, the turbidity level of representative samples of a system's filtered water must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU in at least 95 percent of the measurements taken each month, measured as specified in § 141.74(a) and (c). (2) The turbidity level of representative samples of a system's filtered water must at no time exceed 1 NTU, measured as specified in § 141.74(a) and (c). (3) A system that uses lime softening may acidify representative samples prior to analysis using a protocol approved by the State. (b) Filtration technologies other than conventional filtration treatment, direct filtration, slow sand filtration, or diatomaceous earth filtration. A public water system may use a filtration technology not listed in paragraph (a) of this section or in § 141.73(b) or (c) if it demonstrates to the State, using pilot plant studies or other means, that the alternative filtration technology, in combination with disinfection treatment that meets the requirements of § 141.72(b), consistently achieves 99.9 percent removal and/or inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts and 99.99 percent removal and/or inactivation of viruses, and 99 percent removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the State approves the use of the filtration technology. For each approval, the State will set turbidity performance requirements that the system must meet at least 95 percent of the time and that the system may not exceed at any time at a level that consistently achieves 99.9 percent removal and/or inactivation of G… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.15.16.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | P | Subpart P—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving 10,000 or More People | § 141.174 Filtration sampling requirements. | EPA | (a) Monitoring requirements for systems using filtration treatment. In addition to monitoring required by § 141.74, a public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart that provides conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration must conduct continuous monitoring of turbidity for each individual filter using an approved method in § 141.74(a) and must calibrate turbidimeters using the procedure specified by the manufacturer. Systems must record the results of individual filter monitoring every 15 minutes. (b) If there is a failure in the continuous turbidity monitoring equipment, the system must conduct grab sampling every four hours in lieu of continuous monitoring, but for no more than five working days following the failure of the equipment. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.15.16.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | P | Subpart P—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving 10,000 or More People | § 141.175 Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. | EPA | [63 FR 69516, Dec. 16, 1998, as amended at 66 FR 3779, Jan. 16, 2001] | In addition to the reporting and recordkeeping requirements in § 141.75, a public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart that provides conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration must report monthly to the State the information specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section beginning January 1, 2002. In addition to the reporting and recordkeeping requirements in § 141.75, a public water system subject to the requirements of this subpart that provides filtration approved under § 141.173(b) must report monthly to the State the information specified in paragraph (a) of this section beginning January 1, 2002. The reporting in paragraph (a) of this section is in lieu of the reporting specified in § 141.75(b)(1). (a) Turbidity measurements as required by § 141.173 must be reported within 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public. Information that must be reported includes: (1) The total number of filtered water turbidity measurements taken during the month. (2) The number and percentage of filtered water turbidity measurements taken during the month which are less than or equal to the turbidity limits specified in § 141.173(a) or (b). (3) The date and value of any turbidity measurements taken during the month which exceed 1 NTU for systems using conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration, or which exceed the maximum level set by the State under § 141.173(b). (b) Systems must maintain the results of individual filter monitoring taken under § 141.174 for at least three years. Systems must report that they have conducted individual filter turbidity monitoring under § 141.174 within 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public. Systems must report individual filter turbidity measurement results taken under § 141.174 within 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public only if measurements demonstrate one or more of the conditions in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section. System… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.201 General public notification requirements. | EPA | [65 FR 26035, May 4, 2000, as amended at 86 FR 4309, Jan. 15, 2021] | Public water systems in States with primacy for the public water system supervision (PWSS) program must comply with the requirements in this subpart no later than May 6, 2002 or on the date the State-adopted rule becomes effective, whichever comes first. Public water systems in jurisdictions where EPA directly implements the PWSS program must comply with the requirements in this subpart on October 31, 2000. Prior to these dates, public water systems must continue to comply with the public notice requirements in § 141.32 of this part. The term “primacy agency” is used in this subpart to refer to either EPA or the State or the Tribe in cases where EPA, the State, or the Tribe exercises primary enforcement responsibility for this subpart. (a) Who must give public notice? Each owner or operator of a public water system (community water systems, non-transient non-community water systems, and transient non-community water systems) must give notice for all violations of national primary drinking water regulations (NPDWR) and for other situations, as listed in Table 1. The term “NPDWR violations” is used in this subpart to include violations of the maximum contaminant level (MCL), maximum residual disinfection level (MRDL), treatment technique (TT), monitoring requirements, and testing procedures in this part 141. Appendix A to this subpart identifies the tier assignment for each specific violation or situation requiring a public notice. Table 1 to § 141.201—Violation Categories and Other Situations Requiring a Public Notice (b) What type of public notice is required for each violation or situation? Public notice requirements are divided into three tiers, to take into account the seriousness of the violation or situation and of any potential adverse health effects that may be involved. The public notice requirements for each violation or situation listed in Table 1 of this section are determined by the tier to which it is assigned. Table 2 of this section provides the definition of each tier. Appendix A of this pa… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.10 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.210 Notice by primacy agency on behalf of the public water system. | EPA | (a) May the primacy agency give the notice on behalf of the public water system? The primacy agency may give the notice required by this subpart on behalf of the owner and operator of the public water system if the primacy agency complies with the requirements of this subpart. (b) What is the responsibility of the public water system when notice is given by the primacy agency? The owner or operator of the public water system remains responsible for ensuring that the requirements of this subpart are met. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.11 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.211 Special notice for repeated failure to conduct monitoring of the source water for | EPA | [71 FR 768, Jan. 5, 2006] | (a) When is the special notice for repeated failure to monitor to be given? The owner or operator of a community or non-community water system that is required to monitor source water under § 141.701 must notify persons served by the water system that monitoring has not been completed as specified no later than 30 days after the system has failed to collect any 3 months of monitoring as specified in § 141.701(c). The notice must be repeated as specified in § 141.203(b). (b) When is the special notice for failure to determine bin classification or mean Cryptosporidium level to be given? The owner or operator of a community or non-community water system that is required to determine a bin classification under § 141.710, or to determine mean Cryptosporidium level under § 141.712, must notify persons served by the water system that the determination has not been made as required no later than 30 days after the system has failed report the determination as specified in § 141.710(e) or § 141.712(a), respectively. The notice must be repeated as specified in § 141.203(b). The notice is not required if the system is complying with a State-approved schedule to address the violation. (c) What is the form and manner of the special notice? The form and manner of the public notice must follow the requirements for a Tier 2 public notice prescribed in § 141.203(c). The public notice must be presented as required in § 141.205(c). (d) What mandatory language must be contained in the special notice? The notice must contain the following language, including the language necessary to fill in the blanks. (1) The special notice for repeated failure to conduct monitoring must contain the following language: We are required to monitor the source of your drinking water for Cryptosporidium. Results of the monitoring are to be used to determine whether water treatment at the (treatment plant name) is sufficient to adequately remove Cryptosporidium from your drinking water. We are required to complete this monitoring and m… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.202 | EPA | [65 FR 26035, May 4, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 1836, Jan. 14, 2002; 71 FR 65652, Nov. 8, 2006; 78 FR 10350, Feb. 13, 2013; 86 FR 4309, Jan. 15, 2021; 89 FR 86663, Oct. 30, 2024] | (a) Which violations or situations require a Tier 1 public notice? Table 1 of this section lists the violation categories and other situations requiring a Tier 1 public notice. Appendix A to this subpart identifies the tier assignment for each specific violation or situation. Table 1 to § 141.202—Violation Categories and Other Situations Requiring a Tier 1 Public Notice (b) When is the Tier 1 public notice to be provided? What additional steps are required? Public water systems must: (1) Provide a public notice as soon as practical but no later than 24 hours after the system learns of the violation or situation requiring Tier 1 public notice; (2) Initiate consultation with the primacy agency as soon as practical, but no later than 24 hours after the public water system learns of the violation or situation, to determine additional public notice requirements; and (3) Comply with any additional public notification requirements (including any repeat notices or direction on the duration of the posted notices) that are established as a result of the consultation with the primacy agency. Such requirements may include the timing, form, manner, frequency, and content of repeat notices (if any) and other actions designed to reach all persons served. (c) What is the form and manner of the public notice? Public water systems must provide the notice within 24 hours in a form and manner reasonably calculated to reach all persons served. The form and manner used by the public water system are to fit the specific situation, but must be designed to reach residential, transient, and non-transient users of the water system. In order to reach all persons served, water systems are to use, at a minimum, one or more of the following forms of delivery: (1) Appropriate broadcast media (such as radio and television); (2) Posting of the notice in conspicuous locations throughout the area served by the water system; (3) Hand delivery of the notice to persons served by the water system; or (4) Another delivery method approved… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.203 | EPA | [65 FR 26035, May 4, 2000, as amended at 67 FR 1836, Jan. 14, 2002; 71 FR 65652, Nov. 8, 2006; 78 FR 10350, Feb. 13, 2013] | (a) Which violations or situations require a Tier 2 public notice? Table 1 of this section lists the violation categories and other situations requiring a Tier 2 public notice. Appendix A to this subpart identifies the tier assignment for each specific violation or situation. Table 1 to § 141.203—Violation Categories and Other Situations Requiring a Tier 2 Public Notice (b) When is the Tier 2 public notice to be provided? (1) Public water systems must provide the public notice as soon as practical, but no later than 30 days after the system learns of the violation. If the public notice is posted, the notice must remain in place for as long as the violation or situation persists, but in no case for less than seven days, even if the violation or situation is resolved. The primacy agency may, in appropriate circumstances, allow additional time for the initial notice of up to three months from the date the system learns of the violation. It is not appropriate for the primacy agency to grant an extension to the 30-day deadline for any unresolved violation or to allow across-the-board extensions by rule or policy for other violations or situations requiring a Tier 2 public notice. Extensions granted by the primacy agency must be in writing. (2) The public water system must repeat the notice every three months as long as the violation or situation persists, unless the primacy agency determines that appropriate circumstances warrant a different repeat notice frequency. In no circumstance may the repeat notice be given less frequently than once per year. It is not appropriate for the primacy agency to allow less frequent repeat notice for an MCL or treatment technique violation under the Total Coliform Rule or subpart Y of this part or a treatment technique violation under the Surface Water Treatment Rule or Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. It is also not appropriate for the primacy agency to allow through its rules or policies across-the-board reductions in the repeat notice frequency for other ongoi… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.204 | EPA | [65 FR 26035, May 4, 2000; 65 FR 38629, June 21, 2000, as amended at 78 FR 10350, Feb. 13, 2013] | (a) Which violations or situations require a Tier 3 public notice? Table 1 of this section lists the violation categories and other situations requiring a Tier 3 public notice. Appendix A to this subpart identifies the tier assignment for each specific violation or situation. Table 1 to § 141.204—Violation Categories and Other Situations Requiring a Tier 3 Public Notice (b) When is the Tier 3 public notice to be provided? (1) Public water systems must provide the public notice not later than one year after the public water system learns of the violation or situation or begins operating under a variance or exemption. Following the initial notice, the public water system must repeat the notice annually for as long as the violation, variance, exemption, or other situation persists. If the public notice is posted, the notice must remain in place for as long as the violation, variance, exemption, or other situation persists, but in no case less than seven days (even if the violation or situation is resolved). (2) Instead of individual Tier 3 public notices, a public water system may use an annual report detailing all violations and situations that occurred during the previous twelve months, as long as the timing requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this section are met. (c) What is the form and manner of the Tier 3 public notice? Public water systems must provide the initial notice and any repeat notices in a form and manner that is reasonably calculated to reach persons served in the required time period. The form and manner of the public notice may vary based on the specific situation and type of water system, but it must at a minimum meet the following requirements: (1) Unless directed otherwise by the primacy agency in writing, community water systems must provide notice by: (i) Mail or other direct delivery to each customer receiving a bill and to other service connections to which water is delivered by the public water system; and (ii) Any other method reasonably calculated to reach other persons reg… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.205 Content of the public notice. | EPA | (a) What elements must be included in the public notice for violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) or other situations requiring a public notice? When a public water system violates a NPDWR or has a situation requiring public notification, each public notice must include the following elements: (1) A description of the violation or situation, including the contaminant(s) of concern, and (as applicable) the contaminant level(s); (2) When the violation or situation occurred; (3) Any potential adverse health effects from the violation or situation, including the standard language under paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section, whichever is applicable; (4) The population at risk, including subpopulations particularly vulnerable if exposed to the contaminant in their drinking water; (5) Whether alternative water supplies should be used; (6) What actions consumers should take, including when they should seek medical help, if known; (7) What the system is doing to correct the violation or situation; (8) When the water system expects to return to compliance or resolve the situation; (9) The name, business address, and phone number of the water system owner, operator, or designee of the public water system as a source of additional information concerning the notice; and (10) A statement to encourage the notice recipient to distribute the public notice to other persons served, using the standard language under paragraph (d)(3) of this section, where applicable. (b) What elements must be included in the public notice for public water systems operating under a variance or exemption? (1) If a public water system has been granted a variance or an exemption, the public notice must contain: (i) An explanation of the reasons for the variance or exemption; (ii) The date on which the variance or exemption was issued; (iii) A brief status report on the steps the system is taking to install treatment, find alternative sources of water, or otherwise comply with the terms and schedules of … | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.206 Notice to new billing units or new customers. | EPA | (a) What is the requirement for community water systems? Community water systems must give a copy of the most recent public notice for any continuing violation, the existence of a variance or exemption, or other ongoing situations requiring a public notice to all new billing units or new customers prior to or at the time service begins. (b) What is the requirement for non-community water systems? Non-community water systems must continuously post the public notice in conspicuous locations in order to inform new consumers of any continuing violation, variance or exemption, or other situation requiring a public notice for as long as the violation, variance, exemption, or other situation persists. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.7 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.207 Special notice of the availability of unregulated contaminant monitoring results. | EPA | (a) When is the special notice to be given? The owner or operator of a community water system or non-transient, non-community water system required to monitor under § 141.40 must notify persons served by the system of the availability of the results of such sampling no later than 12 months after the monitoring results are known. (b) What is the form and manner of the special notice? The form and manner of the public notice must follow the requirements for a Tier 3 public notice prescribed in §§ 141.204(c), (d)(1), and (d)(3). The notice must also identify a person and provide the telephone number to contact for information on the monitoring results. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.8 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.208 Special notice for exceedance of the SMCL for fluoride. | EPA | (a) When is the special notice to be given? Community water systems that exceed the fluoride secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) of 2 mg/l as specified in § 143.3 (determined by the last single sample taken in accordance with § 141.23), but do not exceed the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 4 mg/l for fluoride (as specified in § 141.62), must provide the public notice in paragraph (c) of this section to persons served. Public notice must be provided as soon as practical but no later than 12 months from the day the water system learns of the exceedance. A copy of the notice must also be sent to all new billing units and new customers at the time service begins and to the State public health officer. The public water system must repeat the notice at least annually for as long as the SMCL is exceeded. If the public notice is posted, the notice must remain in place for as long as the SMCL is exceeded, but in no case less than seven days (even if the exceedance is eliminated). On a case-by-case basis, the primacy agency may require an initial notice sooner than 12 months and repeat notices more frequently than annually. (b) What is the form and manner of the special notice? The form and manner of the public notice (including repeat notices) must follow the requirements for a Tier 3 public notice in § 141.204(c) and (d)(1) and (d)(3). (c) What mandatory language must be contained in the special notice? The notice must contain the following language, including the language necessary to fill in the blanks: This is an alert about your drinking water and a cosmetic dental problem that might affect children under nine years of age. At low levels, fluoride can help prevent cavities, but children drinking water containing more than 2 milligrams per liter (mg/l) of fluoride may develop cosmetic discoloration of their permanent teeth (dental fluorosis). The drinking water provided by your community water system [ name ] has a fluoride concentration of [ insert value ] mg/l. Dental fluorosis, in its moderat… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.16.16.9 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | Q | Subpart Q—Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations | § 141.209 Special notice for nitrate exceedances above MCL by non-community water systems (NCWS), where granted permission by the primacy agency under § 141.11(d). | EPA | (a) When is the special notice to be given? The owner or operator of a non-community water system granted permission by the primacy agency under § 141.11(d) to exceed the nitrate MCL must provide notice to persons served according to the requirements for a Tier 1 notice under § 141.202(a) and (b). (b) What is the form and manner of the special notice? Non-community water systems granted permission by the primacy agency to exceed the nitrate MCL under § 141.11(d) must provide continuous posting of the fact that nitrate levels exceed 10 mg/l and the potential health effects of exposure, according to the requirements for Tier 1 notice delivery under § 141.202(c) and the content requirements under § 141.205. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.18.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | S | Subpart S—Ground Water Rule | § 141.400 General requirements and applicability. | EPA | (a) Scope of this subpart. The requirements of this subpart S constitute National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. (b) Applicability. This subpart applies to all public water systems that use ground water except that it does not apply to public water systems that combine all of their ground water with surface water or with ground water under the direct influence of surface water prior to treatment under subpart H. For the purposes of this subpart, “ground water system” is defined as any public water system meeting this applicability statement, including consecutive systems receiving finished ground water. (c) General requirements. Systems subject to this subpart must comply with the following requirements: (1) Sanitary survey information requirements for all ground water systems as described in § 141.401. (2) Microbial source water monitoring requirements for ground water systems that do not treat all of their ground water to at least 99.99 percent (4-log) treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a State-approved combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer as described in § 141.402. (3) Treatment technique requirements, described in § 141.403, that apply to ground water systems that have fecally contaminated source waters, as determined by source water monitoring conducted under § 141.402, or that have significant deficiencies that are identified by the State or that are identified by EPA under SDWA section 1445. A ground water system with fecally contaminated source water or with significant deficiencies subject to the treatment technique requirements of this subpart must implement one or more of the following corrective action options: correct all significant deficiencies; provide an alternate source of water; eliminate the source of contamination; or provide treatment that reliably achieves at least 4-log treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a State-approved combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.18.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | S | Subpart S—Ground Water Rule | § 141.401 Sanitary surveys for ground water systems. | EPA | [71 FR 65653, Nov. 8, 2006, as amended at 86 FR 4310, Jan. 15, 2021] | (a) Ground water systems must provide the State, at the State's request, any existing information that will enable the State to conduct a sanitary survey. (b) For the purposes of this subpart, a “sanitary survey,” as conducted by the State, includes but is not limited to, an onsite review of the water source(s) (identifying sources of contamination by using results of source water assessments or other relevant information where available), facilities, equipment, operation, maintenance, and monitoring compliance of a public water system to evaluate the adequacy of the system, its sources and operations and the distribution of safe drinking water. (c) The sanitary survey must include an evaluation of the applicable components listed in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) of this section: (1) Source, (2) Treatment including corrosion control treatment and water quality parameters as applicable; (3) Distribution system, (4) Finished water storage, (5) Pumps, pump facilities, and controls, (6) Monitoring, reporting, and data verification, (7) System management and operation, and (8) Operator compliance with State requirements. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.18.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | S | Subpart S—Ground Water Rule | § 141.402 Ground water source microbial monitoring and analytical methods. | EPA | [71 FR 65653, Nov. 8, 2006; 71 FR 67427, Nov. 21, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 30958, June 29, 2009; 78 FR 10353, Feb. 13, 2013] | (a) Triggered source water monitoring — (1) General requirements. A ground water system must conduct triggered source water monitoring if the conditions identified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and either (a)(1)(ii) or (a)(1)(iii) of this section exist. (i) The system does not provide at least 4-log treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a State-approved combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer for each ground water source; and either (ii) The system is notified that a sample collected under § 141.21(a) is total coliform-positive and the sample is not invalidated under § 141.21(c) until March 31, 2016, or (iii) The system is notified that a sample collected under §§ 141.854 through 141.857 is total coliform-positive and the sample is not invalidated under § 141.853(c) beginning April 1, 2016. (2) Sampling requirements. A ground water system must collect, within 24 hours of notification of the total coliform-positive sample, at least one ground water source sample from each ground water source in use at the time the total coliform-positive sample was collected under § 141.21(a) until March 31, 2016, or collected under §§ 141.854 through 141.857 beginning April 1, 2016, except as provided in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section. (i) The State may extend the 24-hour time limit on a case-by-case basis if the system cannot collect the ground water source water sample within 24 hours due to circumstances beyond its control. In the case of an extension, the State must specify how much time the system has to collect the sample. (ii) If approved by the State, systems with more than one ground water source may meet the requirements of this paragraph (a)(2) by sampling a representative ground water source or sources. If directed by the State, systems must submit for State approval a triggered source water monitoring plan that identifies one or more ground water sources that are representative of each monitoring site in the system's sample siting plan under § 1… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.18.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | S | Subpart S—Ground Water Rule | § 141.403 Treatment technique requirements for ground water systems. | EPA | (a) Ground water systems with significant deficiencies or source water fecal contamination. (1) The treatment technique requirements of this section must be met by ground water systems when a significant deficiency is identified or when a ground water source sample collected under § 141.402(a)(3) is fecal indicator-positive. (2) If directed by the State, a ground water system with a ground water source sample collected under § 141.402(a)(2), § 141.402(a)(4), or § 141.402(b) that is fecal indicator-positive must comply with the treatment technique requirements of this section. (3) When a significant deficiency is identified at a Subpart H public water system that uses both ground water and surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water, the system must comply with provisions of this paragraph except in cases where the State determines that the significant deficiency is in a portion of the distribution system that is served solely by surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water. (4) Unless the State directs the ground water system to implement a specific corrective action, the ground water system must consult with the State regarding the appropriate corrective action within 30 days of receiving written notice from the State of a significant deficiency, written notice from a laboratory that a ground water source sample collected under § 141.402(a)(3) was found to be fecal indicator-positive, or direction from the State that a fecal indicator'positive collected under § 141.402(a)(2), § 141.402(a)(4), or § 141.402(b) requires corrective action. For the purposes of this subpart, significant deficiencies include, but are not limited to, defects in design, operation, or maintenance, or a failure or malfunction of the sources, treatment, storage, or distribution system that the State determines to be causing, or have potential for causing, the introduction of contamination into the water delivered to consumers. (5) Within 120 days (or earlier if directed by the… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.18.16.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | S | Subpart S—Ground Water Rule | § 141.404 Treatment technique violations for ground water systems. | EPA | (a) A ground water system with a significant deficiency is in violation of the treatment technique requirement if, within 120 days (or earlier if directed by the State) of receiving written notice from the State of the significant deficiency, the system: (1) Does not complete corrective action in accordance with any applicable State plan review processes or other State guidance and direction, including State specified interim actions and measures, or (2) Is not in compliance with a State-approved corrective action plan and schedule. (b) Unless the State invalidates a fecal indicator-positive ground water source sample under § 141.402(d), a ground water system is in violation of the treatment technique requirement if, within 120 days (or earlier if directed by the State) of meeting the conditions of § 141.403(a)(1) or § 141.403(a)(2), the system: (1) Does not complete corrective action in accordance with any applicable State plan review processes or other State guidance and direction, including State-specified interim measures, or (2) Is not in compliance with a State-approved corrective action plan and schedule. (c) A ground water system subject to the requirements of § 141.403(b)(3) that fails to maintain at least 4-log treatment of viruses (using inactivation, removal, or a State-approved combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal) before or at the first customer for a ground water source is in violation of the treatment technique requirement if the failure is not corrected within four hours of determining the system is not maintaining at least 4-log treatment of viruses before or at the first customer. (d) Ground water system must give public notification under § 141.203 for the treatment technique violations specified in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this section. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.18.16.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | S | Subpart S—Ground Water Rule | § 141.405 Reporting and recordkeeping for ground water systems. | EPA | [71 FR 65653, Nov. 8, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 10353, Feb. 13, 2013] | (a) Reporting. In addition to the requirements of § 141.31, a ground water system regulated under this subpart must provide the following information to the State: (1) A ground water system conducting compliance monitoring under § 141.403(b) must notify the State any time the system fails to meet any State-specified requirements including, but not limited to, minimum residual disinfectant concentration, membrane operating criteria or membrane integrity, and alternative treatment operating criteria, if operation in accordance with the criteria or requirements is not restored within four hours. The ground water system must notify the State as soon as possible, but in no case later than the end of the next business day. (2) After completing any corrective action under § 141.403(a), a ground water system must notify the State within 30 days of completion of the corrective action. (3) If a ground water system subject to the requirements of § 141.402(a) does not conduct source water monitoring under § 141.402(a)(5)(ii), the system must provide documentation to the State within 30 days of the total coliform positive sample that it met the State criteria. (b) Recordkeeping. In addition to the requirements of § 141.33, a ground water system regulated under this subpart must maintain the following information in its records: (1) Documentation of corrective actions. Documentation shall be kept for a period of not less than ten years. (2) Documentation of notice to the public as required under § 141.403(a)(7). Documentation shall be kept for a period of not less than three years. (3) Records of decisions under § 141.402(a)(5)(ii) and records of invalidation of fecal indicator-positive ground water source samples under § 141.402(d). Documentation shall be kept for a period of not less than five years. (4) For consecutive systems, documentation of notification to the wholesale system(s) of total coliform-positive samples that are not invalidated under § 141.21(c) until March 31, 2016, or under § 141.853 beginning A… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.500 General requirements. | EPA | The requirements of this subpart constitute national primary drinking water regulations. These regulations establish requirements for filtration and disinfection that are in addition to criteria under which filtration and disinfection are required under subpart H of this part. The regulations in this subpart establish or extend treatment technique requirements in lieu of maximum contaminant levels for the following contaminants: Giardia lamblia, viruses, heterotrophic plate count bacteria, Legionella, Cryptosporidium and turbidity. The treatment technique requirements consist of installing and properly operating water treatment processes which reliably achieve: (a) At least 99 percent (2 log) removal of Cryptosporidium between a point where the raw water is not subject to recontamination by surface water runoff and a point downstream before or at the first customer for filtered systems, or Cryptosporidium control under the watershed control plan for unfiltered systems; and (b) Compliance with the profiling and benchmark requirements in §§ 141.530 through 141.544. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.501 Who is subject to the requirements of subpart T? | EPA | You are subject to these requirements if your system: (a) Is a public water system; (b) Uses surface water or GWUDI as a source; and (c) Serves fewer than 10,000 persons. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.502 When must my system comply with these requirements? | EPA | [69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | You must comply with these requirements in this subpart beginning January 1, 2005, except where otherwise noted. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.16.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.503 What does subpart T require? | EPA | There are seven requirements of this subpart, and you must comply with all requirements that are applicable to your system. These requirements are: (a) You must cover any finished water reservoir that you began to construct on or after March 15, 2002 as described in §§ 141.510 and 141.511; (b) If your system is an unfiltered system, you must comply with the updated watershed control requirements described in §§ 141.520-141.522; (c) If your system is a community or non-transient non-community water systems you must develop a disinfection profile as described in §§ 141.530-141.536; (d) If your system is considering making a significant change to its disinfection practices, you must develop a disinfection benchmark and consult with the State for approval of the change as described in §§ 141.540-141.544; (e) If your system is a filtered system, you must comply with the combined filter effluent requirements as described in §§ 141.550-141.553; (f) If your system is a filtered system that uses conventional or direct filtration, you must comply with the individual filter turbidity requirements as described in §§ 141.560-141.564; and (g) You must comply with the applicable reporting and recordkeeping requirements as described in §§ 141.570 and 141.571. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.17.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.510 Is my system subject to the new finished water reservoir requirements? | EPA | All subpart H systems which serve fewer than 10,000 are subject to this requirement. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.17.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.511 What is required of new finished water reservoirs? | EPA | If your system begins construction of a finished water reservoir on or after March 15, 2002 the reservoir must be covered. Finished water reservoirs for which your system began construction prior to March 15, 2002 are not subject to this requirement. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.18.7 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.520 Is my system subject to the updated watershed control requirements? | EPA | If you are a subpart H system serving fewer than 10,000 persons which does not provide filtration, you must continue to comply with all of the filtration avoidance criteria in § 141.71, as well as the additional watershed control requirements in § 141.521. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.18.8 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.521 What updated watershed control requirements must my unfiltered system implement to continue to avoid filtration? | EPA | Your system must take any additional steps necessary to minimize the potential for contamination by Cryptosporidium oocysts in the source water. Your system's watershed control program must, for Cryptosporidium : (a) Identify watershed characteristics and activities which may have an adverse effect on source water quality; and (b) Monitor the occurrence of activities which may have an adverse effect on source water quality. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.18.9 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.522 How does the State determine whether my system's watershed control requirements are adequate? | EPA | During an onsite inspection conducted under the provisions of § 141.71(b)(3), the State must determine whether your watershed control program is adequate to limit potential contamination by Cryptosporidium oocysts. The adequacy of the program must be based on the comprehensiveness of the watershed review; the effectiveness of your program to monitor and control detrimental activities occurring in the watershed; and the extent to which your system has maximized land ownership and/or controlled land use within the watershed. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.10 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.530 What is a disinfection profile and who must develop one? | EPA | [67 FR 1839, Jan. 14, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | A disinfection profile is a graphical representation of your system's level of Giardia lamblia or virus inactivation measured during the course of a year. If you are a subpart H community or non-transient non-community water system which serves fewer than 10,000 persons, your system must develop a disinfection profile unless your State determines that your system's profile is unnecessary. Your State may approve the use of a more representative data set for disinfection profiling than the data set required under §§ 141.532-141.536. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.11 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.531 What criteria must a State use to determine that a profile is unnecessary? | EPA | [67 FR 1839, Jan. 14, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | States may only determine that a system's profile is unnecessary if a system's TTHM and HAA5 levels are below 0.064 mg/L and 0.048 mg/L, respectively. To determine these levels, TTHM and HAA5 samples must be collected after January 1, 1998, during the month with the warmest water temperature, and at the point of maximum residence time in your distribution system. Your State may approve a more representative TTHM and HAA5 data set to determine these levels. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.12 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.532 How does my system develop a disinfection profile and when must it begin? | EPA | A disinfection profile consists of three steps: (a) First, your system must collect data for several parameters from the plant as discussed in § 141.533 over the course of 12 months. If your system serves between 500 and 9,999 persons you must begin to collect data no later than July 1, 2003. If your system serves fewer than 500 persons you must begin to collect data no later than January 1, 2004. (b) Second, your system must use this data to calculate weekly log inactivation as discussed in §§ 141.534 and 141.535; and (c) Third, your system must use these weekly log inactivations to develop a disinfection profile as specified in § 141.536. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.13 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.533 What data must my system collect to calculate a disinfection profile? | EPA | Your system must monitor the following parameters to determine the total log inactivation using the analytical methods in § 141.74 (a), once per week on the same calendar day, over 12 consecutive months: (a) The temperature of the disinfected water at each residual disinfectant concentration sampling point during peak hourly flow; (b) If your system uses chlorine, the pH of the disinfected water at each residual disinfectant concentration sampling point during peak hourly flow; (c) The disinfectant contact time(s) (“T”) during peak hourly flow; and (d) The residual disinfectant concentration(s) (“C”) of the water before or at the first customer and prior to each additional point of disinfection during peak hourly flow. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.14 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.534 How does my system use this data to calculate an inactivation ratio? | EPA | [67 FR 1839, Jan. 14, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | Use the tables in § 141.74(b)(3)(v) to determine the appropriate CT99.9 value. Calculate the total inactivation ratio as follows, and multiply the value by 3.0 to determine log inactivation of Giardia lamblia: | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.15 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.535 What if my system uses chloramines, ozone, or chlorine dioxide for primary disinfection? | EPA | If your system uses chloramines, ozone, or chlorine dioxide for primary disinfection, you must also calculate the logs of inactivation for viruses and develop an additional disinfection profile for viruses using methods approved by the State. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.19.16 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.536 My system has developed an inactivation ratio; what must we do now? | EPA | Each log inactivation serves as a data point in your disinfection profile. Your system will have obtained 52 measurements (one for every week of the year). This will allow your system and the State the opportunity to evaluate how microbial inactivation varied over the course of the year by looking at all 52 measurements (your Disinfection Profile). Your system must retain the Disinfection Profile data in graphic form, such as a spreadsheet, which must be available for review by the State as part of a sanitary survey. Your system must use this data to calculate a benchmark if you are considering changes to disinfection practices. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.20.17 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.540 Who has to develop a disinfection benchmark? | EPA | If you are a subpart H system required to develop a disinfection profile under §§ 141.530 through 141.536, your system must develop a Disinfection Benchmark if you decide to make a significant change to your disinfection practice. Your system must consult with the State for approval before you can implement a significant disinfection practice change. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.20.18 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.541 What are significant changes to disinfection practice? | EPA | Significant changes to disinfection practice include: (a) Changes to the point of disinfection; (b) Changes to the disinfectant(s) used in the treatment plant; (c) Changes to the disinfection process; or (d) Any other modification identified by the State. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.20.19 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.542 What must my system do if we are considering a significant change to disinfection practices? | EPA | If your system is considering a significant change to its disinfection practice, your system must calculate a disinfection benchmark(s) as described in §§ 141.543 and 141.544 and provide the benchmark(s) to your State. Your system may only make a significant disinfection practice change after consulting with the State for approval. Your system must submit the following information to the State as part of the consultation and approval process: (a) A description of the proposed change; (b) The disinfection profile for Giardia lamblia (and, if necessary, viruses) and disinfection benchmark; (c) An analysis of how the proposed change will affect the current levels of disinfection; and (d) Any additional information requested by the State. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.20.20 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.543 How is the disinfection benchmark calculated? | EPA | If your system is making a significant change to its disinfection practice, it must calculate a disinfection benchmark using the procedure specified in the following table. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.20.21 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.544 What if my system uses chloramines, ozone, or chlorine dioxide for primary disinfection? | EPA | If your system uses chloramines, ozone or chlorine dioxide for primary disinfection your system must calculate the disinfection benchmark from the data your system collected for viruses to develop the disinfection profile in addition to the Giardia lamblia disinfection benchmark calculated under § 141.543. This viral benchmark must be calculated in the same manner used to calculate the Giardia lamblia disinfection benchmark in § 141.543. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.21.22 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.550 Is my system required to meet subpart T combined filter effluent turbidity limits? | EPA | All subpart H systems which serve populations fewer than 10,000, are required to filter, and utilize filtration other than slow sand filtration or diatomaceous earth filtration must meet the combined filter effluent turbidity requirements of §§ 141.551-141.553. If your system uses slow sand or diatomaceous earth filtration you are not required to meet the combined filter effluent turbidity limits of subpart T, but you must continue to meet the combined filter effluent turbidity limits in § 141.73. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.21.23 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.551 What strengthened combined filter effluent turbidity limits must my system meet? | EPA | [67 FR 1839, Jan. 14, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | Your system must meet two strengthened combined filter effluent turbidity limits. (a) The first combined filter effluent turbidity limit is a “95th percentile” turbidity limit that your system must meet in at least 95 percent of the turbidity measurements taken each month. Measurements must continue to be taken as described in § 141.74(a) and (c). Monthly reporting must be completed according to § 141.570. The following table describes the required limits for specific filtration technologies. (b) The second combined filter effluent turbidity limit is a “maximum” turbidity limit which your system may at no time exceed during the month. Measurements must continue to be taken as described in § 141.74(a) and (c). Monthly reporting must be completed according to § 141.570. The following table describes the required limits for specific filtration technologies. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.21.24 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.552 My system consists of “alternative filtration” and is required to conduct a demonstration—what is required of my system and how does the State establish my turbidity limits? | EPA | (a) If your system consists of alternative filtration(filtration other than slow sand filtration, diatomaceous earth filtration, conventional filtration, or direct filtration) you are required to conduct a demonstration (see tables in § 141.551). Your system must demonstrate to the State, using pilot plant studies or other means, that your system's filtration, in combination with disinfection treatment, consistently achieves: (1) 99 percent removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts; (2) 99.9 percent removal and/or inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts; and (3) 99.99 percent removal and/or inactivation of viruses. (b) [Reserved] | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.21.25 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.553 My system practices lime softening—is there any special provision regarding my combined filter effluent? | EPA | If your system practices lime softening, you may acidify representative combined filter effluent turbidity samples prior to analysis using a protocol approved by the State. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.22.26 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.560 Is my system subject to individual filter turbidity requirements? | EPA | If your system is a subpart H system serving fewer than 10,000 people and utilizing conventional filtration or direct filtration, you must conduct continuous monitoring of turbidity for each individual filter at your system. The following requirements apply to continuous turbidity monitoring: (a) Monitoring must be conducted using an approved method in § 141.74(a); (b) Calibration of turbidimeters must be conducted using procedures specified by the manufacturer; (c) Results of turbidity monitoring must be recorded at least every 15 minutes; (d) Monthly reporting must be completed according to § 141.570; and (e) Records must be maintained according to § 141.571. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.22.27 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.561 What happens if my system's turbidity monitoring equipment fails? | EPA | If there is a failure in the continuous turbidity monitoring equipment, your system must conduct grab sampling every four hours in lieu of continuous monitoring until the turbidimeter is back on-line. Your system has 14 days to resume continuous monitoring before a violation is incurred. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.22.28 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.562 My system only has two or fewer filters—is there any special provision regarding individual filter turbidity monitoring? | EPA | Yes, if your system only consists of two or fewer filters, you may conduct continuous monitoring of combined filter effluent turbidity in lieu of individual filter effluent turbidity monitoring. Continuous monitoring must meet the same requirements set forth in § 141.560(a) through (d) and § 141.561. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.22.29 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.563 What follow-up action is my system required to take based on continuous turbidity monitoring? | EPA | [67 FR 1839, Jan. 14, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004] | Follow-up action is required according to the following tables: | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.22.30 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.564 My system practices lime softening—is there any special provision regarding my individual filter turbidity monitoring? | EPA | If your system utilizes lime softening, you may apply to the State for alternative turbidity exceedance levels for the levels specified in the table in § 141.563. You must be able to demonstrate to the State that higher turbidity levels are due to lime carryover only, and not due to degraded filter performance. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.23.31 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.570 What does subpart T require that my system report to the State? | EPA | [67 FR 1839, Jan. 14, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 38857, June 29, 2004] | This subpart T requires your system to report several items to the State. The following table describes the items which must be reported and the frequency of reporting. Your system is required to report the information described in the following table, if it is subject to the specific requirement shown in the first column. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.19.23.32 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | T | Subpart T—Enhanced Filtration and Disinfection—Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People | § 141.571 What records does subpart T require my system to keep? | EPA | Your system must keep several types of records based on the requirements of subpart T, in addition to recordkeeping requirements under § 141.75. The following table describes the necessary records, the length of time these records must be kept, and for which requirement the records pertain. Your system is required to maintain records described in this table, if it is subject to the specific requirement shown in the first column. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.2.16.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | B | Subpart B—Maximum Contaminant Levels | § 141.11 Maximum contaminant levels for inorganic chemicals. | EPA | [40 FR 59570, Dec. 24, 1975, as amended at 45 FR 57342, Aug. 27, 1980; 47 FR 10998, Mar. 12, 1982; 51 FR 11410, Apr. 2, 1986; 56 FR 3578, Jan. 30, 1991; 56 FR 26548, June 7, 1991; 56 FR 30274, July 1, 1991; 56 FR 32113, July 15, 1991; 60 FR 33932, June 29, 1995; 65 FR 26022, May 4, 2000; 66 FR 7061, Jan. 22, 2001] | (a) The maximum contaminant level for arsenic applies only to community water systems. The analyses and determination of compliance with the 0.05 milligrams per liter maximum contaminant level for arsenic use the requirements of § 141.23. (b) The maximum contaminant level for arsenic is 0.05 milligrams per liter for community water systems until January 23, 2006. (c) [Reserved] (d) At the discretion of the State, nitrate levels not to exceed 20 mg/l may be allowed in a non-community water system if the supplier of water demonstrates to the satisfaction of the State that: (1) Such water will not be available to children under 6 months of age; and (2) The non-community water system is meeting the public notification requirements under § 141.209, including continuous posting of the fact that nitrate levels exceed 10 mg/l and the potential health effects of exposure; and (3) Local and State public health authorities will be notified annually of nitrate levels that exceed 10 mg/l; and (4) No adverse health effects shall result. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.2.16.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | B | Subpart B—Maximum Contaminant Levels | § 141.12 [Reserved] | EPA | |||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.2.16.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | B | Subpart B—Maximum Contaminant Levels | § 141.13 Maximum contaminant levels for turbidity. | EPA | [40 FR 59570, Dec. 24, 1975] | The maximum contaminant levels for turbidity are applicable to both community water systems and non-community water systems using surface water sources in whole or in part. The maximum contaminant levels for turbidity in drinking water, measured at a representative entry point(s) to the distribution system, are: (a) One turbidity unit (TU), as determined by a monthly average pursuant to § 141.22, except that five or fewer turbidity units may be allowed if the supplier of water can demonstrate to the State that the higher turbidity does not do any of the following: (1) Interfere with disinfection; (2) Prevent maintenance of an effective disinfectant agent throughout the distribution system; or (3) Interfere with microbiological determinations. (b) Five turbidity units based on an average for two consecutive days pursuant to § 141.22. | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.20.24.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | U | Subpart U—Initial Distribution System Evaluations | § 141.600 General requirements. | EPA | (a) The requirements of subpart U of this part constitute national primary drinking water regulations. The regulations in this subpart establish monitoring and other requirements for identifying subpart V compliance monitoring locations for determining compliance with maximum contaminant levels for total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and haloacetic acids (five)(HAA5). You must use an Initial Distribution System Evaluation (IDSE) to determine locations with representative high TTHM and HAA5 concentrations throughout your distribution system. IDSEs are used in conjunction with, but separate from, subpart L compliance monitoring, to identify and select subpart V compliance monitoring locations. (b) Applicability. You are subject to these requirements if your system is a community water system that uses a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light or delivers water that has been treated with a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light; or if your system is a nontransient noncommunity water system that serves at least 10,000 people and uses a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light or delivers water that has been treated with a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light. (c) Schedule. (1) You must comply with the requirements of this subpart on the schedule in the table in this paragraph (c)(1). 1 If, within 12 months after the date identified in this column, the State does not approve your plan or notify you that it has not yet completed its review, you may consider the plan that you submitted as approved. You must implement that plan and you must complete standard monitoring or a system specific study no later than the date identified in the third column. 2 You must submit your 40/30 certification under § 141.603 by the date indicated. 3 If, within three months after the date identified in this column (nine months after the date identified in this column if you must comply on the schedule in paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section), t… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.20.24.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | U | Subpart U—Initial Distribution System Evaluations | § 141.601 Standard monitoring. | EPA | (a) Standard monitoring plan. Your standard monitoring plan must comply with paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(4) of this section. You must prepare and submit your standard monitoring plan to the State according to the schedule in § 141.600(c). (1) Your standard monitoring plan must include a schematic of your distribution system (including distribution system entry points and their sources, and storage facilities), with notes indicating locations and dates of all projected standard monitoring, and all projected subpart L compliance monitoring. (2) Your standard monitoring plan must include justification of standard monitoring location selection and a summary of data you relied on to justify standard monitoring location selection. (3) Your standard monitoring plan must specify the population served and system type (subpart H or ground water). (4) You must retain a complete copy of your standard monitoring plan submitted under this paragraph (a), including any State modification of your standard monitoring plan, for as long as you are required to retain your IDSE report under paragraph (c)(4) of this section. (b) Standard monitoring. (1) You must monitor as indicated in the table in this paragraph (b)(1). You must collect dual sample sets at each monitoring location. One sample in the dual sample set must be analyzed for TTHM. The other sample in the dual sample set must be analyzed for HAA5. You must conduct one monitoring period during the peak historical month for TTHM levels or HAA5 levels or the month of warmest water temperature. You must review available compliance, study, or operational data to determine the peak historical month for TTHM or HAA5 levels or warmest water temperature. 1 A dual sample set ( i.e. , a TTHM and an HAA5 sample) must be taken at each monitoring location during each monitoring period. 2 The peak historical month is the month with the highest TTHM or HAA5 levels or the warmest water temperature. (2) You must take samples at locations other than the existing subpart L monit… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.20.24.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | U | Subpart U—Initial Distribution System Evaluations | § 141.602 System specific studies. | EPA | (a) System specific study plan. Your system specific study plan must be based on either existing monitoring results as required under paragraph (a)(1) of this section or modeling as required under paragraph (a)(2) of this section. You must prepare and submit your system specific study plan to the State according to the schedule in § 141.600(c). (1) Existing monitoring results. You may comply by submitting monitoring results collected before you are required to begin monitoring under § 141.600(c). The monitoring results and analysis must meet the criteria in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section. (i) Minimum requirements. (A) TTHM and HAA5 results must be based on samples collected and analyzed in accordance with § 141.131. Samples must be collected no earlier than five years prior to the study plan submission date. (B) The monitoring locations and frequency must meet the conditions identified in this paragraph (a)(1)(i)(B). Each location must be sampled once during the peak historical month for TTHM levels or HAA5 levels or the month of warmest water temperature for every 12 months of data submitted for that location. Monitoring results must include all subpart L compliance monitoring results plus additional monitoring results as necessary to meet minimum sample requirements. (ii) Reporting monitoring results. You must report the information in this paragraph (a)(1)(ii). (A) You must report previously collected monitoring results and certify that the reported monitoring results include all compliance and non-compliance results generated during the time period beginning with the first reported result and ending with the most recent subpart L results. (B) You must certify that the samples were representative of the entire distribution system and that treatment, and distribution system have not changed significantly since the samples were collected. (C) Your study monitoring plan must include a schematic of your distribution system (including distribution system entry points and their so… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.20.24.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | U | Subpart U—Initial Distribution System Evaluations | § 141.603 40/30 certification. | EPA | (a) Eligibility. You are eligible for 40/30 certification if you had no TTHM or HAA5 monitoring violations under subpart L of this part and no individual sample exceeded 0.040 mg/L for TTHM or 0.030 mg/L for HAA5 during an eight consecutive calendar quarter period beginning no earlier than the date specified in this paragraph (a). 1 Unless you are on reduced monitoring under subpart L of this part and were not required to monitor during the specified period. If you did not monitor during the specified period, you must base your eligibility on compliance samples taken during the 12 months preceding the specified period. (b) 40/30 certification. (1) You must certify to your State that every individual compliance sample taken under subpart L of this part during the periods specified in paragraph (a) of this section were ≤0.040 mg/L for TTHM and ≤0.030 mg/L for HAA5, and that you have not had any TTHM or HAA5 monitoring violations during the period specified in paragraph (a) of this section. (2) The State may require you to submit compliance monitoring results, distribution system schematics, and/or recommended subpart V compliance monitoring locations in addition to your certification. If you fail to submit the requested information, the State may require standard monitoring under § 141.601 or a system specific study under § 141.602. (3) The State may still require standard monitoring under § 141.601 or a system specific study under § 141.602 even if you meet the criteria in paragraph (a) of this section. (4) You must retain a complete copy of your certification submitted under this section for 10 years after the date that you submitted your certification. You must make the certification, all data upon which the certification is based, and any State notification available for review by the State or the public. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.20.24.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | U | Subpart U—Initial Distribution System Evaluations | § 141.604 Very small system waivers. | EPA | (a) If you serve fewer than 500 people and you have taken TTHM and HAA5 samples under subpart L of this part, you are not required to comply with this subpart unless the State notifies you that you must conduct standard monitoring under § 141.601 or a system specific study under § 141.602. (b) If you have not taken TTHM and HAA5 samples under subpart L of this part or if the State notifies you that you must comply with this subpart, you must conduct standard monitoring under § 141.601 or a system specific study under § 141.602. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.20.24.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | U | Subpart U—Initial Distribution System Evaluations | § 141.605 Subpart V compliance monitoring location recommendations. | EPA | [71 FR 483, Jan. 4, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 30958, June 29, 2009] | (a) Your IDSE report must include your recommendations and justification for where and during what month(s) TTHM and HAA5 monitoring for subpart V of this part should be conducted. You must base your recommendations on the criteria in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section. (b) You must select the number of monitoring locations specified in the table in this paragraph (b). You will use these recommended locations as subpart V routine compliance monitoring locations, unless State requires different or additional locations. You should distribute locations throughout the distribution system to the extent possible. 1 All systems must monitor during month of highest DBP concentrations. 2 Systems on quarterly monitoring must take dual sample sets every 90 days at each monitoring location, except for subpart H systems serving 500-3,300. Ground water systems serving 500-9,999 on annual monitoring must take dual sample sets at each monitoring location. All other systems on annual monitoring and subpart H systems serving 500-3,300 are required to take individual TTHM and HAA5 samples (instead of a dual sample set) at the locations with the highest TTHM and HAA5 concentrations, respectively. For systems serving fewer than 500 people, only one location with a dual sample set per monitoring period is needed if the highest TTHM and HAA5 concentrations occur at the same location and month. (c) You must recommend subpart V compliance monitoring locations based on standard monitoring results, system specific study results, and subpart L compliance monitoring results. You must follow the protocol in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(8) of this section. If required to monitor at more than eight locations, you must repeat the protocol as necessary. If you do not have existing subpart L compliance monitoring results or if you do not have enough existing subpart L compliance monitoring results, you must repeat the protocol, skipping the provisions of paragraphs (c)(3) and (c)(7) of this section as necessary, until you have ident… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.620 General requirements. | EPA | [71 FR 488, Jan. 4, 2006; 71 FR 4645, Jan. 27, 2006] | (a) General. The requirements of subpart V of this part constitute national primary drinking water regulations. The regulations in this subpart establish monitoring and other requirements for achieving compliance with maximum contaminant levels based on locational running annual averages (LRAA) for total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and haloacetic acids (five)(HAA5), and for achieving compliance with maximum residual disinfectant residuals for chlorine and chloramine for certain consecutive systems. (b) Applicability. You are subject to these requirements if your system is a community water system or a nontransient noncommunity water system that uses a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light or delivers water that has been treated with a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light. (c) Schedule. You must comply with the requirements in this subpart on the schedule in the following table based on your system type. 1 The State may grant up to an additional 24 months for compliance with MCLs and operational evaluation levels if you require capital improvements to comply with an MCL. (6) Your monitoring frequency is specified in § 141.621(a)(2). (i) If you are required to conduct quarterly monitoring, you must begin monitoring in the first full calendar quarter that includes the compliance date in the table in this paragraph (c). (ii) If you are required to conduct monitoring at a frequency that is less than quarterly, you must begin monitoring in the calendar month recommended in the IDSE report prepared under § 141.601 or § 141.602 or the calendar month identified in the subpart V monitoring plan developed under § 141.622 no later than 12 months after the compliance date in this table. (7) If you are required to conduct quarterly monitoring, you must make compliance calculations at the end of the fourth calendar quarter that follows the compliance date and at the end of each subsequent quarter (or earlier if the LRAA calculated based on fewer than four quarters of dat… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.10 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.629 Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. | EPA | (a) Reporting. (1) You must report the following information for each monitoring location to the State within 10 days of the end of any quarter in which monitoring is required: (i) Number of samples taken during the last quarter. (ii) Date and results of each sample taken during the last quarter. (iii) Arithmetic average of quarterly results for the last four quarters for each monitoring location (LRAA), beginning at the end of the fourth calendar quarter that follows the compliance date and at the end of each subsequent quarter. If the LRAA calculated based on fewer than four quarters of data would cause the MCL to be exceeded regardless of the monitoring results of subsequent quarters, you must report this information to the State as part of the first report due following the compliance date or anytime thereafter that this determination is made. If you are required to conduct monitoring at a frequency that is less than quarterly, you must make compliance calculations beginning with the first compliance sample taken after the compliance date, unless you are required to conduct increased monitoring under § 141.625. (iv) Whether, based on § 141.64(b)(2) and this subpart, the MCL was violated at any monitoring location. (v) Any operational evaluation levels that were exceeded during the quarter and, if so, the location and date, and the calculated TTHM and HAA5 levels. (2) If you are a subpart H system seeking to qualify for or remain on reduced TTHM/HAA5 monitoring, you must report the following source water TOC information for each treatment plant that treats surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water to the State within 10 days of the end of any quarter in which monitoring is required: (i) The number of source water TOC samples taken each month during last quarter. (ii) The date and result of each sample taken during last quarter. (iii) The quarterly average of monthly samples taken during last quarter or the result of the quarterly sample. (iv) The running annual avera… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.621 Routine monitoring. | EPA | [71 FR 488, Jan. 4, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 30958, June 29, 2009] | (a) Monitoring. (1) If you submitted an IDSE report, you must begin monitoring at the locations and months you have recommended in your IDSE report submitted under § 141.605 following the schedule in § 141.620(c), unless the State requires other locations or additional locations after its review. If you submitted a 40/30 certification under § 141.603 or you qualified for a very small system waiver under § 141.604 or you are a nontransient noncommunity water system serving <10,000, you must monitor at the location(s) and dates identified in your monitoring plan in § 141.132(f), updated as required by § 141.622. (2) You must monitor at no fewer than the number of locations identified in this paragraph (a)(2). 1 All systems must monitor during month of highest DBP concentrations. 2 Systems on quarterly monitoring must take dual sample sets every 90 days at each monitoring location, except for subpart H systems serving 500-3,300. Ground water systems serving 500-9,999 on annual monitoring must take dual sample sets at each monitoring location. All other systems on annual monitoring and subpart H systems serving 500-3,300 are required to take individual TTHM and HAA5 samples (instead of a dual sample set) at the locations with the highest TTHM and HAA5 concentrations, respectively. For systems serving fewer than 500 people, only one location with a dual sample set per monitoring period is needed if the highest TTHM and HAA5 concentrations occur at the same location and month. (3) If you are an undisinfected system that begins using a disinfectant other than UV light after the dates in subpart U of this part for complying with the Initial Distribution System Evaluation requirements, you must consult with the State to identify compliance monitoring locations for this subpart. You must then develop a monitoring plan under § 141.622 that includes those monitoring locations. (b) Analytical methods. You must use an approved method listed in § 141.131 for TTHM and HAA5 analyses in this subpart. Analyses must be co… | |||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.622 Subpart V monitoring plan. | EPA | (a)(1) You must develop and implement a monitoring plan to be kept on file for State and public review. The monitoring plan must contain the elements in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (a)(1)(iv) of this section and be complete no later than the date you conduct your initial monitoring under this subpart. (i) Monitoring locations; (ii) Monitoring dates; (iii) Compliance calculation procedures; and (iv) Monitoring plans for any other systems in the combined distribution system if the State has reduced monitoring requirements under the State authority in § 142.16(m). (2) If you were not required to submit an IDSE report under either § 141.601 or § 141.602, and you do not have sufficient subpart L monitoring locations to identify the required number of subpart V compliance monitoring locations indicated in § 141.605(b), you must identify additional locations by alternating selection of locations representing high TTHM levels and high HAA5 levels until the required number of compliance monitoring locations have been identified. You must also provide the rationale for identifying the locations as having high levels of TTHM or HAA5. If you have more subpart L monitoring locations than required for subpart V compliance monitoring in § 141.605(b), you must identify which locations you will use for subpart V compliance monitoring by alternating selection of locations representing high TTHM levels and high HAA5 levels until the required number of subpart V compliance monitoring locations have been identified. (b) If you are a subpart H system serving >3,300 people, you must submit a copy of your monitoring plan to the State prior to the date you conduct your initial monitoring under this subpart, unless your IDSE report submitted under subpart U of this part contains all the information required by this section. (c) You may revise your monitoring plan to reflect changes in treatment, distribution system operations and layout (including new service areas), or other factors that may affect TTHM or HAA5 formation, or for … | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.623 Reduced monitoring. | EPA | (a) You may reduce monitoring to the level specified in the table in this paragraph (a) any time the LRAA is ≤0.040 mg/L for TTHM and ≤0.030 mg/L for HAA5 at all monitoring locations. You may only use data collected under the provisions of this subpart or subpart L of this part to qualify for reduced monitoring. In addition, the source water annual average TOC level, before any treatment, must be ≤4.0 mg/L at each treatment plant treating surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water, based on monitoring conducted under either § 141.132(b)(1)(iii) or § 141.132(d). 1 Systems on quarterly monitoring must take dual sample sets every 90 days. (b) You may remain on reduced monitoring as long as the TTHM LRAA ≤0.040 mg/L and the HAA5 LRAA ≤0.030 mg/L at each monitoring location (for systems with quarterly reduced monitoring) or each TTHM sample ≤0.060 mg/L and each HAA5 sample ≤0.045 mg/L (for systems with annual or less frequent monitoring). In addition, the source water annual average TOC level, before any treatment, must be ≤4.0 mg/L at each treatment plant treating surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water, based on monitoring conducted under either § 141.132(b)(1)(iii) or § 141.132(d). (c) If the LRAA based on quarterly monitoring at any monitoring location exceeds either 0.040 mg/L for TTHM or 0.030 mg/L for HAA5 or if the annual (or less frequent) sample at any location exceeds either 0.060 mg/L for TTHM or 0.045 mg/L for HAA5, or if the source water annual average TOC level, before any treatment, >4.0 mg/L at any treatment plant treating surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water, you must resume routine monitoring under § 141.621 or begin increased monitoring if § 141.625 applies. (d) The State may return your system to routine monitoring at the State's discretion. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.5 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.624 Additional requirements for consecutive systems. | EPA | If you are a consecutive system that does not add a disinfectant but delivers water that has been treated with a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light, you must comply with analytical and monitoring requirements for chlorine and chloramines in §§ 141.131 (c) and 141.132(c)(1) and the compliance requirements in § 141.133(c)(1) beginning April 1, 2009, unless required earlier by the State, and report monitoring results under § 141.134(c). | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.6 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.625 Conditions requiring increased monitoring. | EPA | (a) If you are required to monitor at a particular location annually or less frequently than annually under § 141.621 or § 141.623, you must increase monitoring to dual sample sets once per quarter (taken every 90 days) at all locations if a TTHM sample is >0.080 mg/L or a HAA5 sample is >0.060 mg/L at any location. (b) You are in violation of the MCL when the LRAA exceeds the subpart V MCLs in § 141.64(b)(2), calculated based on four consecutive quarters of monitoring (or the LRAA calculated based on fewer than four quarters of data if the MCL would be exceeded regardless of the monitoring results of subsequent quarters). You are in violation of the monitoring requirements for each quarter that a monitoring result would be used in calculating an LRAA if you fail to monitor. (c) You may return to routine monitoring once you have conducted increased monitoring for at least four consecutive quarters and the LRAA for every monitoring location is ≤0.060 mg/L for TTHM and ≤0.045 mg/L for HAA5. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.7 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.626 Operational evaluation levels. | EPA | (a) You have exceeded the operational evaluation level at any monitoring location where the sum of the two previous quarters' TTHM results plus twice the current quarter's TTHM result, divided by 4 to determine an average, exceeds 0.080 mg/L, or where the sum of the two previous quarters' HAA5 results plus twice the current quarter's HAA5 result, divided by 4 to determine an average, exceeds 0.060 mg/L. (b)(1) If you exceed the operational evaluation level, you must conduct an operational evaluation and submit a written report of the evaluation to the State no later than 90 days after being notified of the analytical result that causes you to exceed the operational evaluation level. The written report must be made available to the public upon request. (2) Your operational evaluation must include an examination of system treatment and distribution operational practices, including storage tank operations, excess storage capacity, distribution system flushing, changes in sources or source water quality, and treatment changes or problems that may contribute to TTHM and HAA5 formation and what steps could be considered to minimize future exceedances. (i) You may request and the State may allow you to limit the scope of your evaluation if you are able to identify the cause of the operational evaluation level exceedance. (ii) Your request to limit the scope of the evaluation does not extend the schedule in paragraph (b)(1) of this section for submitting the written report. The State must approve this limited scope of evaluation in writing and you must keep that approval with the completed report. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.8 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.627 Requirements for remaining on reduced TTHM and HAA5 monitoring based on subpart L results. | EPA | You may remain on reduced monitoring after the dates identified in § 141.620(c) for compliance with this subpart only if you qualify for a 40/30 certification under § 141.603 or have received a very small system waiver under § 141.604, plus you meet the reduced monitoring criteria in § 141.623(a), and you do not change or add monitoring locations from those used for compliance monitoring under subpart L of this part. If your monitoring locations under this subpart differ from your monitoring locations under subpart L of this part, you may not remain on reduced monitoring after the dates identified in § 141.620(c) for compliance with this subpart. | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.21.24.9 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | V | Subpart V—Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts Requirements | § 141.628 Requirements for remaining on increased TTHM and HAA5 monitoring based on subpart L results. | EPA | If you were on increased monitoring under § 141.132(b)(1), you must remain on increased monitoring until you qualify for a return to routine monitoring under § 141.625(c). You must conduct increased monitoring under § 141.625 at the monitoring locations in the monitoring plan developed under § 141.622 beginning at the date identified in § 141.620(c) for compliance with this subpart and remain on increased monitoring until you qualify for a return to routine monitoring under § 141.625(c). | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.22.24.1 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | W | Subpart W—Enhanced Treatment for | § 141.700 General requirements. | EPA | (a) The requirements of this subpart W are national primary drinking water regulations. The regulations in this subpart establish or extend treatment technique requirements in lieu of maximum contaminant levels for Cryptosporidium. These requirements are in addition to requirements for filtration and disinfection in subparts H, P, and T of this part. (b) Applicability. The requirements of this subpart apply to all subpart H systems, which are public water systems supplied by a surface water source and public water systems supplied by a ground water source under the direct influence of surface water. (1) Wholesale systems, as defined in § 141.2, must comply with the requirements of this subpart based on the population of the largest system in the combined distribution system. (2) The requirements of this subpart for filtered systems apply to systems required by National Primary Drinking Water Regulations to provide filtration treatment, whether or not the system is currently operating a filtration system. (3) The requirements of this subpart for unfiltered systems apply only to unfiltered systems that timely met and continue to meet the filtration avoidance criteria in subparts H, P, and T of this part, as applicable. (c) Requirements. Systems subject to this subpart must comply with the following requirements: (1) Systems must conduct an initial and a second round of source water monitoring for each plant that treats a surface water or GWUDI source. This monitoring may include sampling for Cryptosporidium, E. coli, and turbidity as described in §§ 141.701 through 141.706, to determine what level, if any, of additional Cryptosporidium treatment they must provide. (2) Systems that plan to make a significant change to their disinfection practice must develop disinfection profiles and calculate disinfection benchmarks, as described in §§ 141.708 through 141.709. (3) Filtered systems must determine their Cryptosporidium treatment bin classification as described in § 141.710 and provide additional t… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.22.25.2 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | W | Subpart W—Enhanced Treatment for | § 141.701 Source water monitoring. | EPA | (a) Initial round of source water monitoring. Systems must conduct the following monitoring on the schedule in paragraph (c) of this section unless they meet the monitoring exemption criteria in paragraph (d) of this section. (1) Filtered systems serving at least 10,000 people must sample their source water for Cryptosporidium, E. coli, and turbidity at least monthly for 24 months. (2) Unfiltered systems serving at least 10,000 people must sample their source water for Cryptosporidium at least monthly for 24 months. (3)(i) Filtered systems serving fewer than 10,000 people must sample their source water for E. coli at least once every two weeks for 12 months. (ii) A filtered system serving fewer than 10,000 people may avoid E. coli monitoring if the system notifies the State that it will monitor for Cryptosporidium as described in paragraph (a)(4) of this section. The system must notify the State no later than 3 months prior to the date the system is otherwise required to start E. coli monitoring under § 141.701(c). (4) Filtered systems serving fewer than 10,000 people must sample their source water for Cryptosporidium at least twice per month for 12 months or at least monthly for 24 months if they meet one of the following, based on monitoring conducted under paragraph (a)(3) of this section: (i) For systems using lake/reservoir sources, the annual mean E. coli concentration is greater than 10 E. coli /100 mL. (ii) For systems using flowing stream sources, the annual mean E. coli concentration is greater than 50 E. coli /100 mL. (iii) The system does not conduct E. coli monitoring as described in paragraph (a)(3) of this section. (iv) Systems using ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI) must comply with the requirements of paragraph (a)(4) of this section based on the E. coli level that applies to the nearest surface water body. If no surface water body is nearby, the system must comply based on the requirements that apply to systems using lake/reservoi… | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.22.25.3 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | W | Subpart W—Enhanced Treatment for | § 141.702 Sampling schedules. | EPA | (a) Systems required to conduct source water monitoring under § 141.701 must submit a sampling schedule that specifies the calendar dates when the system will collect each required sample. (1) Systems must submit sampling schedules no later than 3 months prior to the applicable date listed in § 141.701(c) for each round of required monitoring. (2)(i) Systems serving at least 10,000 people must submit their sampling schedule for the initial round of source water monitoring under § 141.701(a) to EPA electronically at https://intranet.epa.gov/lt2/. (ii) If a system is unable to submit the sampling schedule electronically, the system may use an alternative approach for submitting the sampling schedule that EPA approves. (3) Systems serving fewer than 10,000 people must submit their sampling schedules for the initial round of source water monitoring § 141.701(a) to the State. (4) Systems must submit sampling schedules for the second round of source water monitoring § 141.701(b) to the State. (5) If EPA or the State does not respond to a system regarding its sampling schedule, the system must sample at the reported schedule. (b) Systems must collect samples within two days before or two days after the dates indicated in their sampling schedule ( i.e. , within a five-day period around the schedule date) unless one of the conditions of paragraph (b)(1) or (2) of this section applies. (1) If an extreme condition or situation exists that may pose danger to the sample collector, or that cannot be avoided and causes the system to be unable to sample in the scheduled five-day period, the system must sample as close to the scheduled date as is feasible unless the State approves an alternative sampling date. The system must submit an explanation for the delayed sampling date to the State concurrent with the shipment of the sample to the laboratory. (2)(i) If a system is unable to report a valid analytical result for a scheduled sampling date due to equipment failure, loss of or damage to the sample, failure to comply … | ||||
| 40:40:25.0.1.1.4.22.25.4 | 40 | Protection of Environment | I | D | 141 | PART 141—NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS | W | Subpart W—Enhanced Treatment for | § 141.703 Sampling locations. | EPA | (a) Systems required to conduct source water monitoring under § 141.701 must collect samples for each plant that treats a surface water or GWUDI source. Where multiple plants draw water from the same influent, such as the same pipe or intake, the State may approve one set of monitoring results to be used to satisfy the requirements of § 141.701 for all plants. (b)(1) Systems must collect source water samples prior to chemical treatment, such as coagulants, oxidants and disinfectants, unless the system meets the condition of paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (2) The State may approve a system to collect a source water sample after chemical treatment. To grant this approval, the State must determine that collecting a sample prior to chemical treatment is not feasible for the system and that the chemical treatment is unlikely to have a significant adverse effect on the analysis of the sample. (c) Systems that recycle filter backwash water must collect source water samples prior to the point of filter backwash water addition. (d) Bank filtration. (1) Systems that receive Cryptosporidium treatment credit for bank filtration under § 141.173(b) or § 141.552(a), as applicable, must collect source water samples in the surface water prior to bank filtration. (2) Systems that use bank filtration as pretreatment to a filtration plant must collect source water samples from the well ( i.e. , after bank filtration). Use of bank filtration during monitoring must be consistent with routine operational practice. Systems collecting samples after a bank filtration process may not receive treatment credit for the bank filtration under § 141.717(c). (e) Multiple sources. Systems with plants that use multiple water sources, including multiple surface water sources and blended surface water and ground water sources, must collect samples as specified in paragraph (e)(1) or (2) of this section. The use of multiple sources during monitoring must be consistent with routine operational practice. (1) If a sampling tap is availabl… |
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