{"database": "openregs", "table": "congressional_record", "is_view": false, "human_description_en": "where congress = 103 sorted by date descending", "rows": [["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "Daily Digest/Senate", "SENATE", "DAILYDIGEST", "DDSCHAMBER", "D", "D", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. D", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Daily Digest]\n[Page D]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Daily Digest\n\n Senate\n\nChamber Action\n The Senate was not in session. It will next meet on January 4, 1995,\nat 12 noon."], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD2", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "Daily Digest/Senate Committee Meetings", "SENATE", "DAILYDIGEST", "DDSCMEETINGS", "D", "D", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. D", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Daily Digest]\n[Page D]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\nCommittee Meetings\n No committee meetings were held."], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD3", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "Daily Digest/House of Representatives", "HOUSE", "DAILYDIGEST", "DDHCHAMBER", "D", "D", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. D", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Daily Digest]\n[Page D]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n House of Representatives\n\nChamber Action\n The House was not in session. It will next meet on January 4, 1995,\nat 12 noon."], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD4", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "Daily Digest/House Committee Meetings", "HOUSE", "DAILYDIGEST", "DDHCMEETINGS", "D", "D", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. D", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Daily Digest]\n[Page D]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\nCommittee Meetings\n No committee meetings were held."], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD5", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "Daily Digest/CONGRESSIONAL RECORD The public proceedings of each House of Congress,\n as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to\n directions of the Joint Committee on...", "HOUSE", "DAILYDIGEST", "DDALLOTHER", "D", "D", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. D", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Daily Digest]\n[Page D]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\nCONGRESSIONAL RECORD The public proceedings of each House of Congress,\n as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to\n directions of the Joint Committee on Printing as authorized by appropriate\n provisions of Title 44, United States Code, and published for each day that\n one or both Houses are in session, excepting very infrequent instances when\n two or more unusually small consecutive issues are printed at one time. The\n Congressional Record is available as an online database through GPO Access, a\n service of the U.S. Government Printing Office. The online database is\n updated each day the Congressional Record is published. The database includes\n both text and graphics from the beginning of the 103d Congress, 2d Session\n (January 1994) forward. It is available on a Wide Area Information Server\n (WAIS) through the Internet and via asynchronous dial-in. The annual\n subscription fee for a single workstation is $375. Six month subscriptions\n are available for $200 and one month of access can be purchased for $35.\n Discounts are available for multiple-workstation subscriptions. To subscribe,\n Internet users should telnet swais.access.gpo.gov and login as newuser (all\n lower case); no password is required. Dial in users should use communications\n software and modem to call (202) 512-1661 and login as swais (all lower\ncase); no password is required; at the second login prompt, login as newuser\n(all lower case); no password is required. Follow the instructions on the\nscreen to register for a subscription for the Congressional Record Online via\nGPO Access. For assistance, contact the GPO Access User Support Team by\nsending Internet e-mail to help@eids05.eids.gpo.gov, or a fax to\n(202) 512-1262, or by calling (202) 512-1530 between 7 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern\ntime, Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The Congressional Record\npaper and 24x microfiche will be furnished by mail to subscribers, free of\npostage, at the following prices: paper edition, $112.50 for six months, $225\nper year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue, payable in advance; microfiche\nedition, $118 per year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue payable in advance.\nThe semimonthly Congressional Record Index may be purchased for the same per\nissue prices. Remit check or money order, made payable to the Superintendent\nof Documents, directly to the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.\n20402. Following each session of Congress, the daily Congressional Record is\nrevised, printed, permanently bound and sold by the Superintendent of\nDocuments in individual parts or by sets. With the exception of copyrighted\narticles, there are no restrictions on the republication of material from the\nCongressional Record.\n_______________________________________________________________________\n\n Next Meeting of the SENATE\n 12 noon, Wednesday, January 4, 1995\n\n Senate Chamber\nProgram for Wednesday: Convening of the One Hundred Fourth Congress.\n\n Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES\n 12 noon, Wednesday, January 4, 1995\n\n House Chamber\nProgram for Wednesday: Convening of the One Hundred Fourth Congress.\n_______________________________________________________________________\n\n Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue\n HOUSE\n\nBevill, Tom, Ala., E2380, E2382\nBrown, George E., Jr., Calif., E2384\nCrane, Philip M., Ill., E2386\nDingell, John D., Mich., E2380\nFord, William D., Mich., E2382\nGilman, Benjamin A., N.Y., E2378, E2380\nHilliard, Earl F., Ala., E2377\nMachtley, Ronald K., R.I., E2376\nMazzoli, Romano L., Ky., E2379, E2382, E2384\nMenendez, Robert, N.J., E2384\nMiller, George, Calif., E2381\nRangel, Charles B., N.Y., E2379\nRoemer, Tim, Ind., E2385\nRose, Charlie, N.C., E2380\nStark, Fortney Pete, Calif., E2375, E2378, E2383, E2385\nStokes, Louis, Ohio, E2388, E2389\nWaxman, Henry A., Calif., E2385"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "E X T E N S I O N O F R E M A R K S", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Fortney Pete Stark\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n E X T E N S I O N O F R E M A R K S\n\n MANAGED CARE IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: IT MAY BE DANGEROUS TO YOUR\n HEALTH\n\n ______\n\n HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, in an effort to control Medicaid costs and to\nuse the savings to expand coverage to additional uninsured residents,\nthe Department of Health and Human Services has been granting Medicaid\nwaivers to some States to experiment with various managed care systems.\n The people being ``experimented'' on are poor people, people who have\nhistorically been unable to obtain adequate, dependable, quality health\ncare.\n One of the waivers which has been granted is to the District of\nColumbia. Following are some memos I've received from the House\nDistrict of Columbia Committee Staff members indicating some severe\nproblems with HHS's oversight of and the District government's\noperation of the D.C. program.\n It is imperative that HHS give more attention to the operation of the\nDistrict's program. The new leadership in the District government must\ntake steps to improve the program and to ensure that private\ncontractors are providing quality care to this vulnerable population.\n The managed care problems in the District of Columbia are also\noccurring in other jurisdictions. HHS's entire ``waiver'' program needs\nstrong congressional oversight in the 104th Congress.\n\n November 7, 1994.\n To: Pete Stark\n From: Staff\n Re: D.C. Medicaid Managed Care\n Over the last few days I've talked to HCFA, several\n providers, community groups, and others about the District's\n new mandatory Medicaid managed care program. There appear to\n be several serious problems.\n Five major problems include:\n 1. Recipients do not know they've been moved into managed\n care, how it works or that they've been assigned to an HMO.\n The District's procedures for informing recipients about the\n managed care program and getting them transferred in are\n inadequate. The three hospital outpatient clinics I've talked\n to estimate that 70-80 percent of their patients show up to\n get care and have no knowledge of the program, or of any\n choice they were supposed to make about doctors. The\n District's own data indicates that less that 25 percent of\n all beneficiaries choose a doctor during the 10-day choice\n period, while the other 75 percent (a large majority of whom\n later attempt to change) are assigned one. There are a number\n of practices that appear to contribute to the problem:\n letters sent to recipients explaining the program and what\n the recipient needs to do are unintelligible (I have read\n them, and without great effort cannot make them out), and are\n not accompanied by any other efforts to educate recipients\n about the program; the letters provide misleading and\n incomplete information; there is no follow up when a letter\n comes backs indicating an address change, etc; the 10-day\n ``choice period'' is horribly inadequate and by the time\n recipients actually get the letter, translates to a 2-3 day\n choice period; recipients are not being contacted within the\n required 30-day time frame by the HMO/doctor to whom they've\n been assigned; and according to counsel for a class action\n suit being brought against the District\\1\\ provider lists are\n not even being sent to many recipients (they should be sent\n to recipients along with the letter informing them they have\n 10 days to choose).\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n \\1\\The suit includes six claims--all relating to problems in\n the District's overall Medicaid eligibility determination\n process.\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n 2. Recipients have great difficulty disenrolling from a\n plan once they've been assigned to it, or believe they cannot\n disenroll (recipients should be able to disenroll at any\n time, without cause, by simply calling the program's\n ``HelpLine''--the central number that handles all enrollment,\n disenrollment, eligibility verification, and payment issues).\n Because such a small percentage of recipients actually select\n a doctor during the 10 day period they are given to make a\n selection, this problem affects the large majority of\n beneficiaries. The problem is apparently caused by a\n combination of factors: inability to get through to the\n ``Helpline'' (in a test of the system last Friday, I was on\n hold for 1 hour and 15 minutes before I hung up); incorrect\n information given by ``Helpline'' staff to recipients about\n their ability to change and about what they must do in order\n to change (a number of recipients have been told they must\n first call their HMO and discuss with them their reasons for\n wanting to disenroll); misleading information in letters that\n implies that recipients are not allowed to disenroll beyond a\n certain date; and slow processing of disenrollment requests\n (by law, all disenrollments must be processed within 60 days;\n many recipients, however, have seen waits of 4-5 months).\n Although the problem has apparently improved somewhat since a\n private company called First Health temporarily took over the\n Helpline, there is concern the problem will continue once the\n District takes back this responsibility.\n 3. Recipients have difficulty or are unable to get\n referrals for needed care. This problem has been particularly\n evident for pregnant women transferred into the program. It\n occurs when a patient shows up to see their old doctor and\n finds out she is now in managed care and has been assigned a\n new doctor. The recipient wants to keep her old doctor and\n needs treatment then. In order to get treatment at that time\n from her previous doctor/clinic, the patient is told--despite\n internal policy that allows the Helpline staff to approve\n referrals automatically for pregnant women--that she must\n first get a signed referral from the new primary care\n provider. Frequently, the new doctor/HMO refuses to provide\n the referrals, the patient is unable to get in touch with\n him/her, or it takes several weeks to get the referral. Apart\n from the issues of disruption is care and choice, the\n referral problem is exacerbated by the fact that many\n pregnant women get assigned to pediatricians, interns, and\n other doctors who don't even do prenatal care, but are\n classified under the system as ``primary care providers''.\n Providence hospital has provided us documentation of 35-40\n cases they had in a two week period involving pregnant women\n receiving prenatal care through their outpatient OB-GYN\n clinic (many of whom were in their last two weeks of\n pregnancy when they were shifted into managed care) who were\n unable to get referrals. Although I don't have documentation\n of this yet, Prudential is apparently going so far as to\n (illegally) tell their Medicaid members that they--as a\n rule--can only refer them to providers within their network.\n 4. Families are being split up under the program such that\n family members are being assigned to different HMO's or\n primary care providers. As far as I can tell, this is caused\n by the District's ``automatic computerized enrollment''\n process that currently can only group and assign recipients\n on the basis of last name.\n 5. Medicaid recipients enrolled in certain HMO's appear to\n have access to only a very limited number of the doctors\n available to non-Medicaid enrollees in the HMOs. I do not yet\n have documentation of this, but if it is in fact occurring,\n such a practice would raise serious questions about access\n and quality of care, and potential questions about violation\n of current law.\n ____\n\n November 10, 1994.\n To: Pete Stark\n From: Staff\n Re: D.C. Medicaid Managed Care: HMO Provider Networks\n Since my last memo I've received a list of the primary care\n providers in the Prudential and George Washington HMO's, as\n well as a list of the providers available to Medicaid members\n enrolled in these HMO's. In both cases, Medicaid members have\n access to only a small fraction of the network providers\n available to non-Medicaid members.\n In addition to dramatically reducing the total number of\n primary care doctors available to Medicaid recipients--both\n in terms of the number that would otherwise be available\n under the District's managed care program, and in terms of\n the number that were available prior to managed care--the\n practice of limiting Medicaid enrollees to a subset of an\n HMO's providers appears to be prohibited under current law.\n Information on the Prudential and George Washington\n networks, as well as a summary of current law and regulation\n affecting Medicaid member's access to HMO provider networks\n follows.\n\n prudential and george washington networks\n\n A comparison of the Prudential plans shows that:\n (a) While the company's complete HMO network (known as the\n Prudential HMO of the Mid-Atlantic) consists of 836 primary\n care providers, its current provider network for Medicaid\n members consists of 41 primary care providers.\n (b) 426 of the network's 836 providers are within\n Prudential's own definition of the Washington DC Metro/\n Western Maryland Area (and are thus reasonably accessible, in\n terms of travel time, to District Medicaid recipients).\n (c) Of the 42 providers listed in Pru's general HMO network\n within the District itself, 20 are not available to Medicaid\n enrollees (making any argument that the network was defined\n by what Providers are most accessible to District\n beneficiaries moot).\n (d) And, perhaps most important, 22 of the providers in the\n provider network open to Medicaid members are not in\n Prudential's general HMO network. (suggesting potential\n serious quality of care/credentialing differences that should\n be examined)\n A comparison of the George Washington plans shows that:\n (a) While the CWU HMO allows its non-Medicaid members to\n choose between two general delivery options--they can choose\n to receive care through either a network of participating\n private practice physicians or through one of six Health Care\n through a Health Care Center.\n (b) Of the six Health Care Centers available to non-\n Medicaid members, five are not available to Medicaid members.\n Medicaid enrollees are limited to receiving care through only\n one of these six Centers and through one additional Center\n which is not availiable to GWU's non-Medicaid members.\n (c) While the GWU HMO consists of more than 540 primary\n care doctors, a total of only 44 doctors are available to\n Medicaid members.\n (d) Of the 540 doctors in GWU's network, however 135 are\n within the District itself (again, making any argument that\n the network has been defined to include those doctors most\n accessible to Medicaid recipients moot)\n\n Statutory and Regulatory Requirements for HMO Medicaid Provider\n Networks\n\n 1. Although there are no District (or federal) laws that\n specifically address whether panels one companies' various\n plans must be open, there are two District regulations (both\n included in the District's ``Regulations for Managed Care\n Providers that serve AFDC and AFDC-related Medicaid\n Recipients'') that define requirements for access to\n providers and integration of Medicaid members into HMO health\n plans.\n 41 DCR 1766 (2307.5) states that ``each AFDC and AFDC-\n related Medicaid recipient enrolled in a pre-paid, capitated\n provider's plan shall receive service through the same health\n care providers and facilities that serve non-AFDC and AFDC-\n related Medicaid enrollees.''\n 41 DCR 1766 (2307.6) states that ``each AFDC and AFDC-\n related Medicaid enrollee shall be fully integrated into the\n prepaid, capitated provider's plan membership and shall not\n be treated in a manner different from non--AFDC or AFDC-\n related Medicaid enrollees.''\n 2. Although there are no federal statutory or regulatory\n requirements that specifically address what providers\n Medicaid and non-Medicaid members must have access to, there\n are two federal rules that addresses the scope of\n beneficiaries' access to providers. One focuses on Medicaid\n members' freedom of choice within an HMO, and another\n focusses on equality in access.\n 42 CFR 434.14 states that ``the HMO must * * * make the\n services it provides to its Medicaid enrollees as accessible\n to them (in terms of timeliness, amount, duration, and scope)\n as those services are to nonenrolled Medicaid recipients\n within the area served by the HMO.''\n 42 CFR 434.29 states that ``the contract [between the state\n and HMO] must allow each enrolled recipient to choose his or\n her health provider in the HMO to the extent possible and\n appropriate.'' According to HCFA, this rule is designed to\n ensure benficiaries' ability (a) to choose--versus be\n assigned to--providers within an HMO's network, and (b) to\n select from among all providers within a HMO that are\n accepting new patients.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE10", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "JEFFERSON HIGH SCHOOL BEARS HONORED", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"John D. Dingell\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n JEFFERSON HIGH SCHOOL BEARS HONORED\n\n ______\n\n HON. JOHN D. DINGELL\n\n of michigan\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to recognize and pay tribute\nto the newly crowned Michigan High School Athletic Association Class BB\nfootball champions who hail from my congressional district, the\nJefferson High School Bears.\n Under the leadership of Head Coach Marc Cisco, Jefferson took the\nchampionship by defeating the defending State champion, the East Grand\nRapids High School Pioneers. Coach Cisco has worked with assistant\ncoaches John Castiglione, Russ Terrasi, and Dave Porter to oversee the\ndevelopment of a balanced team dedicated to hard work and discipline.\nAlthough the opposing team in the State championship game was larger,\nfaster, and viewed by many as the likely winner, the near-flawless play\nof the Bears enabled them to capture the school's first State\nchampionship. The outstanding performance of the Jefferson players is\ndemonstrated by the fact that the team was not assessed one penalty\nduring the game.\n On offense, the Bears' solid running attack, spearheaded by Jeff\nKenney, Tony Panza, and Dave Gill, amassed 170 rushing yards and scored\nthree touchdowns. Also contributing on offense with his smart play and\nleadership skills was quarterback J.D. Panza, who played despite a\nlingering shoulder injury. Finally, the exceptional performance of\nJefferson's defense contributed mightily to the team's impressive win.\nGreg Maddux, Dennis Bowdler, Jason Miller, and the other members of the\nsquad were able to keep the powerful Pioneer offense in check through\nfour quarters of hard-nosed football.\n To achieve an accomplishment of such magnitude takes a total team\neffort. Without unity, dedication, and hard work on the part of each\nplayer, the likelihood of success is greatly diminished. It is in this\nregard that the Jefferson High players deserve to be recognized as true\nchampions. Their victory stands as a shining example to others of the\nseemingly insurmountable obstacles that can be overcome by those who\ncommit themselves to teamwork and excellence.\n Mr. Speaker, I am proud to honor the Jefferson High School Bears, and\nask that my colleagues join me in congratulating these fine players and\ntheir coaches on a truly impressive achievement.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE11", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "HIAS AWARDS DINNER HONOREES", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Benjamin A. Gilman\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n HIAS AWARDS DINNER HONOREES\n\n ______\n\n HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, this past fall the Hebrew Immigrant Aid\nSociety [HIAS] held its annual awards dinner in New York City, and\nconferred celebratory awards to individuals who have contributed to\nhumanitarian efforts. One of those honored was our distinguished\nranking Republican Member of the House Judiciary Committee,\nRepresentative Hamilton Fish, Jr., who was awarded HIAS' Liberty Award.\n The Liberty Award recognizes an individual who has helped further\nworld peace and freedom. Congressman Fish, during his decades of\nservice to his constituents, New York State, and the Nation, on the\nHouse Judiciary Committee, has made important and lasting contributions\nto the lives of immigrants and refugees. He is richly deserving of this\naward, and I wish to congratulate him on behalf of our colleagues in\nthe House of Representatives.\n Also recognized at the awards dinner were the recipients of HIAS'\nHarold Friedman Memorial Award. Benjamin and Vladka Meed of the\nAmerican Gathering/Federation of Jewish Holocaust Survivors received\nthis newly established honor, which recognizes former refugees who have\nachieved noteworthy success in the United States. Mr. and Mrs. Meed\nhave devoted their lives to the memory of the Holocaust and the welfare\nof its survivors, and are leaders in Holocaust education efforts.\n Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I would like to share the acceptance\nspeeches of Congressman Fish and Benjamin Meed with my colleagues.\nTheir responses illuminate lifetimes of service for the benefit of\nothers, as well as a dedication to one of the highest principles of\nJewish tradition, that of tikkun olam, repairing the world.\nAccordingly, I request that their statements be printed at this point\nin the Congressional Record for the benefit of our Members and other\ninterested individuals.\n\n Remarks by the Honorable Hamilton Fish, Jr., HIAS Awards Dinner,\n October 13, 1994\n\n I am honored to receive this award and humbled by the\n company of former recipients I am joining. Emanuel Celler and\n Peter Rodino, past chairman of the House Judiciary Committee,\n mentored me in immigration and refugee affairs. Father Ted\n Hesburgh led the efforts of the Select Commission on\n Immigration and Refugee Policy in articulating our national\n commitment to a generous immigration policy and a humane\n response to refugee crises.\n HIAS' vigilance and guidance over the years energized and\n sustained those of us in the Congress who believe in the\n ennobling work of helping persecuted people. Under the\n leadership of Martin Kesselhaut and Marty Wenick, HIAS is a\n positive and constructive voice in the heated national debate\n over immigration policy. Ed Shapiro, a former HIAS president\n and personal friend, continues to inspire me with his\n involvement in HIAS's work of rescue and resettlement.\n The Liberty Award has special meaning of me because I have\n admired--for many years--the devotion of the HIAS leadership\n and staff to compassionate values. The satisfaction I have\n derived, however, from participating in endeavors on behalf\n of refugees has been its own record. Over the years,\n opportunities to visit refuseniks in Moscow, spend time in\n Rome and Vienna with Jews in transit, and learn in Israel in\n the the United States about the meaning of freedom directly\n from former victims of religious hatred is a source of\n continuing personal satisfaction.\n The current refugee program for Jews from the former Soviet\n Union--as you all know so well--represents a culmination of\n our long struggle to lower emigration barriers. Opportunities\n for Jews in that region to find havens in Israel and in the\n United States must continue to be facilitated and sustained.\n Any discussion of winding down U.S. admissions is premature\n because anti-Semitism remains a potent force. The Immigration\n and Naturalization Service refugee interviewing capacity in\n the former Soviet Union cannot be compromised if the\n essential humanitarian work of identifying individuals and\n families qualified for U.S. resettlement is to be maintained.\n Pressures to cut admission numbers must be resisted as long\n as significant backlogs remain.\n This period of transition for me is an opportunity to\n reflect on the most significant migration-related legislation\n that has become law during my congressional service. Since\n 1980, in contrast to earlier periods, we have had a strong\n and flexible refugee law that can facilitate the expeditious\n admission of persons escaping persecution. We successfully\n resisted attempts, in the early 80s, to lump refugees and\n immigrants together under the same ceiling--a step that would\n have placed the need to save lives in competition with\n legitimate desires to bring relatives to this country. In\n enacting the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, we\n sought to effectuate the interrelated goals of discouraging\n future illegal immigration and responding humanely to the\n plight of those undocumented aliens who already had become a\n part of our society. At the beginning of the new decade--with\n the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990--we gave enhanced\n expression to the principle of family reunification and\n provided expanded opportunities for persons without family\n ties to contribute to our country's economic life.\n In my view, the major principles that find expression in\n American immigration and refugee law remain sound. The\n biggest challenge we face is sentiment that fails to\n distinguish between people who act in contravention of our\n laws without persecution claims and legal immigrants,\n asylees, and refugees who all must receive a welcome\n consistent with our traditions. HIAS has a critical role to\n play in preventing the erosion of support for our refugee and\n legal immigration policies.\n The United States' willingness to welcome refugees and\n immigrants to our shores is one of the great sources of our\n nation's strength. The humanitarian work of providing refuge\n is satisfying not only because the United States--a leader in\n refugee resettlement--is helping people who need our\n assistance but also because that same effort adds to our\n country's vitality. When we display generosity toward persons\n escaping persecution, we not only express our compassion as a\n nation, but also advance the foreign policy interests of the\n United States, set an example for other countries, and\n reaffirm our commitment to individual freedom. Continued\n American receptivity to refugees must go hand in hand with an\n immigration policy that promotes the goal of family unity and\n gives expression to the values of a pluralistic society.\n In the decade of the 90s, I have every confidence the\n United States will continue to benefit greatly from the\n contributions of those we welcome as refugees and immigrants.\n I look forward to remaining active on these issues of mutual\n concern in the years ahead.\n Thank you.\n\n Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society [HIAS] First Annual Harold Friedman\n Memorial Award\n\n (Acceptance Speech by Benjamin Meed, Co-recipient (With Vladka Meed))\n\n Ladies and Gentlemen: Vladka and I are deeply moved to be\n honored as the first recipients of the Harold Friendman\n Memorial Award. We also very much appreciate the kind words\n spoken about us here tonight. However, we feel that this\n award, although given to us, is really intended to honor the\n achievements of all of the Holocaust survivors who--with the\n help of the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society--came to rebuild\n their lives in this and other countries.\n It is a long way, in time, in distance and in feelings--\n from the German Nazi concentration camps, partisan forests,\n witnessing the destruction of the Warsaw ghetto and, after\n the war, the displaced person camps--to be here this evening\n to be honored by the HIAS. What survivor would have dared\n even to dream, 50 years ago, of such an evening as we are\n experiencing tonight?\n I remember very clearly the day, almost half a century ago,\n when a gentleman, wearing the uniform of the UNRRA, climbed\n up the four flights of steps to the small apartment Vladka\n and I shared with others in Munich, Germany. That man came to\n give us the affidavit and other papers necessary to travel to\n the goldene medina, the USA. His name was Mr. Ilja Dijour. At\n the time, he was the HIAS director of operations in Germany\n and Austria.\n He spoke to us in Yiddish and made us feel that a family\n member had found us. We will never forget his kind words as\n he explained what our trip and our new country, America,\n would be like. He told us there would be many people there\n who spoke Yiddish, and that we would even be able to read a\n daily Yiddish newspaper and listen to the radio in our own\n language. He said, ``In America you will feel at home.''\n We will never forget his thoughtful expressions of hope for\n our new life. I remember that when I asked him, why did you\n come to us, he showed us a telegram he had received from the\n Jewish Labor Committee in New York. The telegram said, ``Your\n friends are waiting for you.''\n Today, I know how right he was. I still have Mr. Dijour's\n image in my mind. And whatever words I use tonight will not\n do justice to him and his actions in helping thousands upon\n thousands of people to come to the United States.\n Two weeks later we were in Bremerhaven, along with a few\n hundred other Holocaust survivors, boarding the Marine Perch,\n one of the first ships to leave for the United States. Eight\n days later, on May 24, 1946, we arrived in New York. And as\n we left the ship, HIAS distributed to each one of us our\n first $10 in U.S. currency. Excited but anxious, not knowing\n what to expect, we arrived in our first home in the U.S.: The\n HIAS building at 425 Lafayette Street. From there we started\n our new life in this country. Vladka and I are two among the\n hundreds of thousands of immigrants who have come here\n because of the tireless efforts of HIAS. For both of us, I\n thank you again for all the help we were given.\n I also want to say something more about the Holocaust\n survivors who, many with the assistance of HIAS, came to and\n settled in this country. For many years, the images which\n came to mind when the word ``survivor'' was uttered were\n those terrible pictures of concentration camp inmates taken\n from the German archives. They are such pitiful images. But\n today, we survivors--who came from the pit of Hell itself--\n have shown the world a very different picture of our lives in\n these 50 years after the Holocast.\n Most of us came here with very little, or nothing at all.\n We knew nothing of this country's language or culture. Yet we\n did not despair. Nor did we become embittered or controlled\n by hatred, as would have been easy based on our experiences.\n We worked hard--day and night--doing whatever was necessary\n to take advantage of the great opportunity this nation\n provided to start anew.\n We know that America is a country built by immigrants, but\n Holocaust survivors are immigrants whose relatives were\n murdered, and the villages, towns and countries of our birth\n have become cemeteries. Jewish life and culture are gone from\n so many places. We had nothing to look back on, so we had to\n look forward. Here, in our adopted country, we gradually\n established new homes, rebuilt our families, provided our\n children with the best education, and contributed--in every\n way we could--to our communities and to the life of this\n great nation.\n And the Holocaust not only robbed us of our homes and\n families; it also destroyed our chances for education. Yet\n education is so highly prized by us all, and I am proud to\n say that today the vast majority of our children--estimated\n to number close to 250,000--have academic degrees. These\n wonderful children are represented in every field of\n endeavor, and thirty percent of them are doctors, lawyers,\n and teachers.\n In addition to our contributions to country and community--\n in the professions, business, the arts, and home life--\n survivors and their families have also become pillars of the\n Jewish community, holding leadership positions, supporting\n significant activities, and infusing Jewish life with their\n special energy.\n It should also be said that if not for the motivation and\n support of survivors, there probably would be no Holocaust\n remembrance commemorations in the nation's capitol and around\n the country. And there would be far fewer, if any, Holocaust-\n related museums, memorials and resource centers. We are\n pleased that Holocaust survivors have taken on the mission of\n remembrance, and have been integral in helping to build the\n U.S. Holocasust Museum in Washington.\n We are so proud of all that our fellow survivors have\n achieved, against overwhelming odds, in the past fifty years.\n Yes, we still have a long way to go. There are many things we\n still need to accomplish, both for ourselves and for history.\n Our principal enemy is time, but--somehow--our goals must be\n reached.\n Again, we thank HIAS for its wonderful work through all of\n these years. we have learned through our terrible experiences\n that the greatest danger was, and will continue to be,\n indifference. HIAS has never stood idle. Instead, it has\n played a major role in helping our people wherever they are\n in need. HIAS has always understood that we must be our\n brothers'--and sisters'--keepers. HIAS embodies the best of\n the Jewish spirit.\n Thank you for being with us tonight.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE12", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "REMARKS OF BUREAU OF RECLAMATION COMMISSIONER DAN BEARD", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"George Miller\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n REMARKS OF BUREAU OF RECLAMATION COMMISSIONER DAN BEARD\n\n ______\n\n HON. GEORGE MILLER\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, the Bureau of Reclamation was\ncreated over 90 years ago as the Government agency dedicated to the\ngoal of settling the West through the construction of dams, reservoirs,\nand canals for delivering irrigation water. This construction legacy on\nrivers throughout the Western United States will undoubtedly continue\nto produce reliable water supplies for many years.\n The realities of the changing needs of the West must be reflected in\nthe mission of the resource development agencies that may have outlived\ntheir original purposes. In his 18 months as reclamation commissioner,\nDan Beard has recognized this challenge and successfully transformed\nthe Bureau of Reclamation into a water resource management agency and\nwill be fully equipped to adapt to the changing water needs of the\nWestern United States.\n\n Remarks of Daniel P. Beard, Commissioner, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation\n Before the International Commission on Large Dams, Durban, South\n Africa, November 9, 1994\n\n Thank you for giving me this opportunity to address the\n 18th Congress of the International Commission on Large Dams\n (ICOLD).\n As most of you know, the United States Bureau of\n Reclamation, the agency I direct, was founded as a\n construction agency.\n The results of our work are well known.\n Hoover Dam, Glen Canyon Dam, Grand Coulee Dam, and other\n works were monumental undertakings that are a source of pride\n to our nation and our employees.\n In the last two years, however, we have come to the\n realization that we must make significant changes in USBR's\n program.\n It is these changes I would like to discuss with you today.\n There are several reasons why changes are taking place in\n USRB.\n A premise for our program was the project costs would be\n repaid. We now realize the significant construction and\n operating costs of large-scale projects cannot be repaid.\n Our experience has shown that the actual costs of completed\n projects substantially exceeded the original estimated costs,\n and many project benefits were never realized. We lost our\n credibility with the public and our political leadership\n because we failed to accurately estimate project costs and\n benefits.\n The USBR generally served the needs of a few agricultural\n water users. We generally did not serve the needs of\n expanding urban populations. The result was that the base of\n support for our program declined.\n Over time, our operating experience has given us a more\n clear appreciation for the secondary environmental impacts of\n the large-scale water projects we developed. We were slow to\n recognize those problems, and we are still learning how\n severe they are and how to correct them.\n We have also come to realize there are many alternatives to\n solving water problems that do not involve dam construction.\n Non-structural alternatives are often less costly to\n implement and can have fewer environmental impacts.\n What has been the result of these forces?\n The result is that the dam building era in the United\n States is now over. We can no longer count on public or\n political support for large, traditional construction\n projects. Those projects we have underway will be completed\n as quickly as possible. Any new construction will take place\n only in small increments, narrowly targeted to meet well-\n defined, but limited, objectives. We now anticipate facing\n the challenge of water management using the tools of the\n ``Information Age''--improved data collection and modeling,\n geographic information systems, and demand-side management\n tools.\n How have we in the USBR approached these turbulent times?\n We have become realistic about our future. We recognize our\n budget and our staffing levels will decline, not increase, as\n our program changes.\n In addition, we can't continue to do business the same old\n way. President Clinton and Vice President Gore have initiated\n a comprehensive program to reduce costs, eliminate\n unnecessary paperwork, reduce personnel, and deliver a better\n product in a shorter period of time. We have made a conscious\n choice to be a leader in this effort.\n In brief, we needed to change and change quickly. And we\n have.\n I initiated a top-to-bottom review of the agency which has\n led to a significant restructuring last April.\n We've embraced a new philosophy of delegating day-to-day\n operating decisions to field personnel. We will give them the\n responsibility and authority to make decisions, within\n established general policy, without coming to headquarters\n for approval. We've also undertaken an aggressive\n restructuring designed to eliminate layers of unnecessary\n management and unnecessary practices.\n Although we've just begun, the results are impressive.\n We have reduced our budget request for this year by 12\n percent--a $93 million reduction.\n Since May 1993, our staff level has been reduced by\n approximately 1,000 positions, or 13 percent.\n We have reduced the number of senior level managers.\n Our field offices have been given significant new authority\n and responsibility.\n Our Denver office has been significantly altered. The new\n organization, now called the Reclamation Service Center\n (RSC), will be a customer service organization working for\n other parts of USBR.\n In Denver and our regional offices, we have reduced at\n least two layers of management.\n Finally, we have launched a series of new program\n initiatives, including expanded efforts in wastewater\n reclamation and resuse, an conservation.\n One final note about the participation of the USBR in\n international activities. My attendance at this conference is\n not a coincidence. We have been an active participant in\n ICOLD affairs since it was founded. Previous Commissioners\n have been very supportive, and many USBR employees serve on\n committees.\n The USBR will remain an active participant in the affairs\n of ICOLD. This organization offers all of us an opportunity\n to discuss, debate, and consider new approaches to solving\n the world's water resource problems. There is much we can\n learn from one another, and we want to continue that\n tradition.\n As we seek to keep ourselves well informed, so should we\n seek to maintain an open exchange of information and opinion\n with all groups. USBR is committed to full disclosure of\n information to the public. Open access to information will be\n a hallmark of our operations, both domestic and\n international.\n To President Pircher, Secretary General Cotillon, and\n Congress Chairman Val Robbroeck, thank you for giving me the\n opportunity to be with you this morning.\n I am enjoying participating in this Congress during my\n first trip to South Africa. I look forward to meeting as many\n of you as possible during the rest of the week.\n Thank you.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE13", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN ROY ROWLAND", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Tom Bevill\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN ROY ROWLAND\n\n ______\n\n HON. TOM BEVILL\n\n of alabama\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to thank our colleague,\nCongressman Roy Rowland, for his outstanding service to the Nation.\n As you know, Roy is one of the only Members of Congress who has also\nbeen a practicing medical doctor. He used this training and experience\nto bring many medical issues to the attention of this body. When Dr.\nRowland speaks on a health-related issue, we all listen with open ears.\nHe is honest and forthright in his opinions and thorough in his\nresearch. We will lose much with his retirement.\n I first met Roy 12 years ago when he was elected to serve as\nCongressman for the Eighth District of Georgia. Over the years I have\ncome to respect Roy for his judgment and to appreciate him even more\nfor his friendship. I wish to let him know that, though I am sorry to\nsee such a distinguished Member retire, I am confident that he will be\nhappy and successful in his life after Congress. Roy has already been\nsuccessful in two careers and I would not be surprised if he decides to\ntake up a third.\n My wife Lou wishes to join me in wishing Roy and his lovely wife\nLuella all the best in the years to come.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE14", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON JOHNSON", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Romano L. Mazzoli\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON JOHNSON\n\n ______\n\n HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI\n\n of kentucky\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to join my colleagues in\npaying tribute to our friend, Representative Don Johnson.\n Since Don's election from the 10th District of Georgia, he has served\non the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the House\nArmed Services Committee. Don has left his mark on legislation despite\nthe relative brevity of his service in the House.\n Don Johnson has a long history of public service dating back to 1974\nwhen, as a staff attorney for the House Ways and Means Committee, he\nhelped to formulate the Trade Reform Act of 1974. Then, in 1987, he was\nelected to the Georgia State Senate where he served three terms. In\n1990, he became chairman of the Georgia Senate Appropriations Committee\nwhere he spearheaded efforts for budget reform and more accountable\ngovernment.\n After being educated in the Franklin County public school and\nreceiving a bachelor's degree and a law degree from the University of\nGeorgia, he went on the earn a masters degree from the London School of\nEconomics in 1978. He was also awarded the Air Force Commendation Medal\nwhile serving for 4 years in the U.S. Air Force, including serving in\nthe Middle East for 2 years.\n I am sorry to see Don leave Congress, and I wish him and his family\nall the best for the future.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE15", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"William D. Ford\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. WILLIAM D. FORD\n\n of michigan\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, November 29, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to\n approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the\n Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations:\n\n Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the\nimplementing legislation for the Uruguay round of the General Agreement\non Tariffs and Trade.\n The GATT was conceived in the aftermath of World War II, when the\nAmerican economy was the world's strongest. The label ``Made in\nAmerica'' guaranteed a quality product, one that was superior to those\nmade in other countries. In that world, it was correct to assume that\nfreer trade virtually always helped Americans.\n But times have changed. The world has become much more competitive.\nMultinational companies, both American and foreign, will use any\nlocation in the world to produce products if that location promises to\nreduce the costs of production. The globalization of production puts\nthe jobs of American workers into competition with workers who live in\ncountries which have virtually no labor standards. American workers\nwill inevitably lose the race to the bottom caused by such competition.\nThat is why economists estimate that the American manufacturing sector\nlost millions of good paying jobs to low-wage foreign countries in the\ndecade of the 1980's.\n For this reason, this Nation's trade policy must now focus on\nensuring that American workers have a level field to play on. This\nfocus was entirely missing in the GATT negotiations and is entirely\nmissing from the agreement and its implementing legislation. I fear\nthat adoption of this legislation will leave the workers of the United\nStates powerless to fight against countries that seek to gain\ncompetitive advantage through the use of cheap or unsafe labor\nconditions.\n This legislation also makes it very difficult for the United States\nto fight countries that use other methods to gain competitive\nadvantage. Under the GATT, it would be illegal for a country to enact a\ndomestic content law or to subject foreign goods to import quotas. The\nthreat of these actions saved the domestic auto industry in the 1980's\nhowever, because the threat of these actions led the Japanese to adopt\n``voluntary'' import restraints. The voluntary restraints gave our\nindustry and its workers the breathing space they needed to become\ncompetitive in the world. Now, the industry is hiring for the first\ntime in a generation. Does anybody doubt that unrestricted Japanese\ncompetition in this industry in the 1980's would have prevented this\nrecovery?\n Free trade will impoverish us unless it is fair trade. We should not\nenter into agreements which strip us of our right to defend the living\nstandards of our workers and our ability to create good American jobs.\nI believe we can do better. I urge rejection of this legislation.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE16", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Fortney Pete Stark\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, November 29, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to\n approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the\n Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations:\n\n Mr. STARK. Mr. Chairman, I oppose passage of the GATT Uruguay round\nimplementing legislation.\n Over the years, I have generally supported trade expansion bills. But\nI have come to question the fundamental premise of these various trade\nexpansion bills.\n There are some things more important than pure, free trade\nprinciples.\n What is more important is our society--our sense of being a nation in\nwhich all are sharing in the growth and upward movement. In the last 20\nyears, something has gone fundamentally wrong. The lower-income and\nmiddle-income families are working harder and longer than ever--but\ntheir real incomes are stagnant or declining. The rich get rich, and\nthe poor get poorer. The rising tide no longer lifts all boats--too\nmany lifeboats are being swamped. There is a terrible sense of fear and\nuncertainty about jobs, about the American dream, about the possibility\nof one's children having a better quality of life. There is a growing\nunderclass, which has no employable skills and is locked in a cycle of\nviolence, hopelessness, and despair. A society cannot long exist and\nthere can be no sense of community, when the middle class is being\ndestroyed. We are starting to see this in America.\n I do not assign all the Nation's woes to international trade. Indeed,\nfree trade is wonderful for consumers--if consumers have jobs with\nwhich to buy the goods. This is the problem. Increasingly in the last\n20 years, quality, good-paying, dependable jobs have been under\nattack--in part because of expanded international competition from\nnations where there is no minimum wage and where labor exploitation is\nrampant. Expanded trade creates more, higher-paying jobs as nations\nspecialize in what they do the best. Great theory--and true. But we\nhave failed to find a theory which helps the less well-trained, the\nnon-high-school graduate, the lower-income families keep pace with\nthese dynamic changes. As a result, our GNP climbs and our civilization\ndeclines.\n It is time to stop sacrificing our sense of community by\nunquestioning passage of trade bill after trade bill.\n I do not believe we should pursue further trade agreements until we\nhave developed and have in place in the United States a set of policies\nwhich genuinely ensure that\n All parts of the population are moving in the same income direction:\nupward;\n All Americans who need assistance have an ability to receive\nretraining and relocation that ensures a decent chance at a lifetime of\nproductive work;\n That the welfare population is able to find work--it is policy\nschizophrenia to talk of requiring everyone to leave welfare after a\nfixed period of time when the semiskilled kinds of jobs welfare people\ncan do are being wiped out through international trade competition.\n Following are excerpts from a recent article from the Washington Post\nwhich make similar points. It is way past time, Mr. Speaker, for the\nNation to debate what freer trade means for our society--not just for\nour economy.\n\n Will Success Spoil America? Why the Pols Don't Get Our Real Crisis of\n Values\n\n (By Edward N. Luttwak)\n\n Having tried George Bush, who showed himself blithely\n unaware of the very existence of the problem, and having\n tried Bill Clinton, who spoke as if he knew all about it but\n failed to act, the American electorate has now given a two-\n year opportunity to the congressional Republicans to show\n that they can understand the problem and also come up with\n valid remedies.\n The problem in question is the unprecedented sense of\n personal economic insecurity that has rather suddenly become\n the central phenomenon of life in America, not only for the\n notoriously endangered species of corporate middle managers,\n prime targets of today's fashionable ``downsizing'' and\n ``reengineering,'' but for virtually all working Americans\n except tenured civil servants--whose security is duly\n resented.\n Individual Americans who are neither economists nor\n statisticians do not focus on the economy's overall rate of\n growth, but rather on the security of their own jobs. Hence\n the vigorous recovery that provoked the Federal Reserve's\n anti-inflationary crusade cannot assuage personal fears. And\n the source of these fears is obvious: The once highly\n regulated and internationally dominate U.S. economic system\n has given way to a far more dynamic but also much more\n unstable turbo-charged capitalism open to the world's\n competition, in which no single firm, no particular industry\n and certainly no job or self-employment niche can be secure\n any longer. However tiny its effect, the General Agreement on\n Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Treaty now before this lame-duck\n Democratic Congress, can only add to those worries.\n There is nothing new about the ``creative destruction'' of\n free competition. Only if outdated economic structures and\n obsolete working methods are first swept away, freeing up\n their human and material resources, can more efficient\n structures and methods arise in their place. What is new is\n only a matter of degree, a mere acceleration in the pace of\n structural change at any given rate of economic growth. But\n that, as it turns out, is quite enough to make all the\n difference.\n The rise and decline of skills, firms and entire industries\n is now quite rapid even when there is zero growth, becoming\n that much faster when the economy does grow. In the process,\n the most enterprising or most fortunate individuals are\n offered more opportunities for rapid enrichment than ever\n before, and even tiny firms can aspire to fabulous growth.\n (Microsoft, born 1975, is the classic example). At the same\n time, however, the great majority of individuals has\n experienced not only unprecedented job upheavals, but also an\n absolute 20-year decline in personnel earnings....\n Viewed in the very narrow national-accounting perspective\n of all our globalization debates, whether NAFTA last year or\n the GATT Treaty now, any increase in the combined income of\n all Americans--no matter how unevenly distributed--fully\n justifies going ahead to globalize some more. On that there\n seems to be a perfect consensus between mainstream Democrats\n and mainstream Republicans. Both take it for granted that\n globalization has increased and can continue to increase the\n country's total GNP (true), that it must therefore increase\n the income of all Americans or at least most of them (false),\n and that because protectionism is always bad for U.S.\n consumers (true), it must always be bad for the country\n (false).\n What is missing is anything resembling a social\n perspective. In fact it is simply taken for granted that\n economic efficiency must never be compromised in the\n slightest to suit the needs of society. That would make\n perfect sense if the United States were a very poor country\n with a perfectly peaceful and tranquil society. As it is, the\n United States has much more wealth than social tranquility\n and would benefit much more from economic stability than from\n further economic growth, inevitably achieved by disruptive\n structural changes of one kind or another.\n If one does take into account the psychological and\n practical need of families and communities for a reasonable\n degree of stability, very different criteria apply to\n globalization as well as to deregulation.\n Those are the very criteria that have shaped Japan's\n protracted resistance to the globalization of its own\n economy, as well as to deregulation. U.S. trade negotiators\n are forever arguing the merits of free markets, but the\n overall purpose of Japan's many overt and covert trade\n barriers and domestic regulations is precisely to protect\n Japanese society from the disruptive effects of any\n competition, foreign or domestic. Small shopkeepers are\n protected by a Large-Scale Retail Law that greatly restricts\n the spread of chain stores, supermarkets and department\n stores. Craftsmen threatened by cheaper imports are protected\n by unwritten customs house conspiracies as well as overt\n barriers. And many industries, including low-tech paper and\n plywood, have their own informal protective arrangements,\n while high-tech industries are officially assisted as well as\n protected. As a result, Japanese-as-consumers must pay very\n high prices, but Japanese-as-producers enjoy all the benefits\n of personal economic security.\n American visitors immediately notice the tranquility of\n Japanese crowds, and the conspicuous absence of the free-\n floating anger that has become a sinister feature of American\n life, and a deadly one at times. They may attribute all this\n calm to the homogeneity of Japan's population, or its\n ancestral discipline. But they would be wrong: Before its\n all-powerful bureaucracy stabilized Japan's economy with its\n regulations and protectionism, the country witnessed a great\n many very violent strikes, any number of political\n assassinations and frequent mass demonstrations that often\n degenerated into outright street fighting.\n To be sure, the Japanese system sacrifices economic\n efficiency at every turn, and the consumer pays the price\n every time. It is a fact that the actual Japanese standard of\n living is on average much lower than the American, even\n though average Japanese money incomes are now substantially\n higher.\n But that is a very incomplete truth, for it only includes\n purely material factors, overlooking society-wide\n considerations that count for much more--even in purely\n monetary terms.\n When I drive into a gas station in Japan, three or four\n clearly underemployed young men leap into action to wash and\n wipe the headlights and windows as well as the windscreen,\n check tire pressures and all the different oils, in addition\n to dispensing the fuel. For that excellent service, I have to\n pay a very high price for the gasoline. The Japanese\n bureaucracy, determined to protect those low-end jobs for\n youths who lack the talent for better employment, as well as\n small gas stations in rural areas, flatly prohibits self-\n service gas pumps, and in any case forces all gas stations to\n compete by offering lavish service because fuel prices are\n fixed by the government and price-cutting is banned.\n Back in America, I fill my own tank much more cheaply from\n a self-service pump, but there also three or four young men\n are waiting--sometimes in person but certainly by\n implication. But because they are not employed by the gas\n station, or by anybody else, I do not have to pay their wages\n through government-imposed high prices for my gas. That is\n where U.S.-style economic analysis stops; Japanese consumers\n are being exploited, while the free market provides American\n consumers with cheap gas.\n But in reality, I still have to pay for those young men who\n are not employed by the gas station. My car insurance rates\n are higher because of their vandalism and thefts, my taxes\n must be higher to pay for police, court and prison costs, and\n even a little by way of welfare benefits. If I am very\n unlucky, I may have to pay in blood. In a recent article on a\n Washington youth who killed a Korean immigrant at the age of\n 17, while absent from a psychiatric clinic where he had been\n sent for killing a taxi driver at the age of 15, it was\n parenthetically noted that more than $100,000 had been spent\n on his psychiatric treatment; his 30-year prison term will\n cost another $750,000 or so.\n Not counting two deaths and his trial costs, the cost of\n not employing that one youth would pay for at least 37,777\n gallons of gasoline--even at very high Japanese prices.\n American free-market gasoline is thus very expensively cheap,\n as compared to Japan's employment-generating, cheaply\n expensive gasoline.\n There is no assurance, of course, that those young men whom\n I see loitering would actually take gas station jobs if any\n were available for them. But what is certain is that in Japan\n the government acts to ensure that there are job openings for\n youths incapable of more demanding employment, while in the\n United States, nothing must stand in the way of free-market\n efficiency, very narrowly defined to exclude any and all\n social consequences. . . .\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE17", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "DRS. ERNEST AND DOROTHY GARCIA, EDUCATORS, PATRONS OF THE ARTS, AND COMMUNITY LEADERS", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"George E. Brown Jr.\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n DRS. ERNEST AND DOROTHY GARCIA, EDUCATORS, PATRONS OF THE ARTS, AND\n COMMUNITY LEADERS\n\n ______\n\n HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR.\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, the husband and wife team of\nDrs. Ernest and Dorothy Garcia will be receiving the prestigious Golden\nBaton Award from the Inland Empire Symphony Association at a special\ntribute to be held January 14, 1995. The two have given countless hours\nof dedicated work and devoted the past 40 years toward the growth and\nimprovement of their community.\n Dr. Ernest Garcia began his career as an elementary school teacher in\nthe Barstow School District. He eventually went on to continue his\nstudies at the University of California, Riverside, and upon graduation\nDr. Garcia returned to the Barstow school district as an assistant\nelementary principal.\n In 1961, after having worked as coordinator and curriculum consultant\nin the Rialto Unified School District, he became the principal of\nGeorge Dunn School. During a leave of absence, he worked on his\ndoctorate at UCLA and worked for Systems Development Corp., in the area\nof educational technology. After completing his doctorate in 1966, he\nbecame a professor at the University of Redlands and later Cal State,\nSan Bernardino. During these years, Ernest was also elected to the\nRialto School Board. In 1979, he became the dean of the School of\nEducation, where he served for 11 years.\n Recently, I had the honor of attending a naming ceremony for the new\nDr. Ernest Garcia Elementary School in the Rialto Unified School\nDistrict.\n Mrs. Garcia has an equally illustrious career as her husband. Dr.\nDorothy Garcia has worked as an educational consultant and faculty\nmember at both the university and elementary level, where she also\nserved as a principal in the Colton Joint Unified School District.\nAdditionally, Dr. Dorothy Garcia has worked on program quality review\nteams for the State of California, as well as volunteering her time by\nserving on numerous community boards and chairing several volunteer\nprograms.\n Dr. Dorothy Garcia has been recognized by the United Way and the\nParent Teachers Association for her years of dedicated community\nservice.\n Since their retirement in 1990, Drs. Ernest and Dorothy Garcia have\nenjoyed traveling, spending time with their grandchildren, and\ncontinuing their active involvement in the community.\n Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me today in commemorating\nDrs. Ernest and Dorothy Garcia and the example they provide for all\nAmericans.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE18", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE GEORGE DARDEN", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Romano L. Mazzoli\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE GEORGE DARDEN\n\n ______\n\n HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI\n\n of kentucky\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure for me to join my fellow\ncolleagues in honoring Representative George (Buddy) Darden, with whom\nI have served in the House of Representatives for over 8 years.\n Buddy, a resident of Marietta, GA, has dedicated much of his life to\nthe people of Georgia through his work as a Cobb County district\nattorney, member of the Georgia House of Representatives, and U.S.\nRepresentative for the Seventh District of Georgia.\n Before earning his A.B. and J.D. degrees from the University of\nGeorgia, Buddy began his political career by interning for Congressman\nCarl Vinson and Senator Richard B. Russell. It was through this\nexperience that he decided to dedicate his life to public service.\n Buddy has served on the House Committee on Appropriations since 1992.\nHe earlier served on the House Committee on Interior and Insular\nAffairs and the House Armed Services Committee. Also, at the start of\nthe 102d Congress, Buddy was elected to the House Ethics Committee. His\ndedication and hard work will serve as a lasting tribute long after\nBuddy has left this House.\n I wish Buddy, his wife, Lillian, and all of his family all of the\npeace and happiness that life has to offer.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE19", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "IN HONOR OF HARDYAL SINGH, PRESIDENT OF THE AMBEDKAR INTERNATIONAL MISSION, U.S.A.", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Robert Menendez\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN HONOR OF HARDYAL SINGH, PRESIDENT OF THE AMBEDKAR INTERNATIONAL\n MISSION, U.S.A.\n\n ______\n\n HON. ROBERT MENENDEZ\n\n of new jersey\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to Mr. Hardyal\nSingh, founder and president of the Ambedkar International Mission for\nhis many contributions to the Indian community. Mr. Singh is also the\npresident of the Federation of Indian Associations in New Jersey and\nsenior vice president of the Indian National Congress of North America.\n Mr. Singh's latest accomplishment will be celebrated on December 6,\nwhich is the anniversary of the death of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. On this\nday, Mr. Singh will be honored for his efforts in naming a portion of\nTonnelle Avenue, between Kennedy Boulevard and Newark Avenue in Jersey\nCity as Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Avenue.\n Mr. Singh was the first Indian-American to be named a special deputy\nsheriff of Hudson County. He was successful in his campaign to have the\nIndian national flag raised at Jersey City City Hall. Mr. Singh's\ncontributions to the Indian community also include the role he played\nin renaming Public School No. 23 to Mahatma Gandhi School, and the\ndesignation of Mahatma Gandhi Day by Gov. Jim Florio. He led the drive\nto change the names of two Jersey City Streets to India Square and\nMahatma Gandhi Plaza. Mr. Singh was also instrumental in many programs\ndesigned to strengthen India-United States relations and increase\nAmerican understanding of Indian culture and traditions.\n Mr. Singh obviously understands the importance of achieving a better\nunderstanding of Dr. Ambedkar and Gandhian values of life, peace and\nfriendship. These are values we must all remember to uphold so that we\ncan live together in harmony. I commend Mr. Singh for all of his hard\nwork in the community and for devoting so much time and energy to\nmaintaining Indian-United States relations. It is people like Mr. Singh\nwho really make a difference in our society.\n Please join me in wishing the Ambedkar International Mission a\nsuccessful event and prosperous future. It gives me great pleasure to\nhave people such as Mr. Singh in my district. I salute Mr. Singh for\nhis many accomplishments and wish him much luck in the future.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE2", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "MR. GINGRICH IS RIGHT ON THE NEED TO BUILD THE ``SEAWOLF'' SUBMARINE", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Ronald K. Machtley\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n MR. GINGRICH IS RIGHT ON THE NEED TO BUILD THE ``SEAWOLF'' SUBMARINE\n\n HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY\n\n of rhode island\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, since being elected to the House of\nRepresentatives in 1988, a year before the fall of the Berlin Wall and\nthe symbolic end of the cold war, I have paid particular attention to\nthe future of our national defense. I am proud of my service as a\nmember of the House Armed Services Committee. I have worked hard to\nensure that our men and women in uniform are trained and ready to fight\nand are equipped with the world's most modern and lethal weaponry.\n Defense planning and budgeting is no easy business, especially with\nthe uncertainties the Defense Department now faces from new threats\nabroad and at home due to a constrained budget environment. We are\nalready seeing the first signs of a new, hollow Army, and I fear that\nwe will soon experience the same hollowness in our industrial\ncapability.\n Like matters of troop readiness, the future of the Nation's defense\nindustrial and technological base is too important to be decided by\npartisan politics. As I leave the House of Representatives, I am\nconcerned about our ability to build the world's most quiet,\ntechnologically advanced, lethal, safe, and cost-effective nuclear\nsubmarines. I fear that the balance struck between our ability to\ndesign and engineer future submarines and the need to maintain even\nmodest production of present generation submarines will be wrecked with\nlittle regard for our own future defense requirements.\n But I am encouraged by some recent statements of the gentleman from\nGeorgia, Mr. Gingrich, regarding the future of the Nation's submarine\nindustrial base and a vow to push hard for funding for SSN-23, the\nthird and last Seawolf attack submarine, and for its successor, the\nNavy's new attack submarine.\n Mr. Speaker, if there is no objection, I would like to enter for the\nRecord an article from the October 16, 1994, New London Day headlined\n``Gingrich Endorses More Subs While Stumping for Munster.''\n Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Georgia should be praised for his\nattention to matters of national defense during his tenure in the House\nof Representatives. As an Army brat, he knows first hand the importance\nof a ready military equipped with the most modern weaponry. Mr.\nGingrich has served on study groups at the Center for Strategic and\nInternational Studies and other think tanks. I expect that he will\ncontinue to be a strong leader on matters of national defense in the\n104th Congress.\n\n It is clear from the article that the gentleman from Georgia has paid\nparticular attention to the future of the submarine industrial base as\nthe Nation develops and equips its post-cold-war military for the\nuncertainties of the next century. I was pleased to read that he told\nan audience in Connecticut that--\n\n You can't allow our industrial base to collapse in the\n defense area. * * * Developing the most acoustically silent\n submarine in the world takes years of technical skill.\n And if that base ever disappears, it will take us 20 years\n to rebuild it.\n\n The third and final Seawolf has been labeled an ``industrial base''\nsubmarine due to its crucial role in maintaining the vital submarine\nindustrial base. There is, Mr. Speaker, substantial military value for\nthe submarine missions of the 21st century to justify the cost of\ncompletion of SSN-23.\n The environment of the 21st century will demand a highly adaptable\nattack submarine for: convert surveillance and intelligence collection\nin the coastal regions; covert insertion and recovery of Special\nForces; quick response, covert Tomahawk strike missions; antisubmarine\nwarfare against modern diesel-electric submarines owned by rogue states\nlike North Korea and Iran; and anti-SSSN capability against missile\nsubmarines in the event Russia or China comes under control of\nunfriendly or erratic leadership.\n The Seawolf, designed to be the world's most advanced submarine, has\nmultimission capabilities that complement the less expensive new attack\nsubmarine and are much improved over those of the SSN-688I. The Seawolf\nhas greater weapons capacity, higher speed capabilities, more internal\nspace and a greater depth capability than the SSN-688I or the new\nattack submarine.\n The civilian and military leadership of the Pentagon--the Office of\nthe Secretary of Defense, the Department of the Navy, and the Joint\nChiefs of Staff--all agree that the only way to preserve the nuclear\nsubmarine industrial base is to keep building submarines. Following\ndetailed analyses and numerous studies, the Department of the Defense\nconcluded that the most technologically and cost-effective path to take\nis the one it has embarked on: build the third and final SSN-23 Seawolf\nnuclear attack submarine in fiscal year 1996 and commence production of\na the new attack submarine in fiscal year 1998.\n The submarine supplier base represents a fragile national security\nasset. It is large and diversified, but is rapidly contracting due to\ncutbacks in military spending and changed defense priorities. There are\napproximately 600 major equipment suppliers and a total base of almost\n3,000 companies when subtier and commodity suppliers are included. This\nnationwide network is made up of large firms that devote a small\npercentage of their engineering expertise and productive capacity to a\nsmall nich market, as well as small companies with such highly\nspecialized products and skills that they are heavily--or even wholly--\ndependent on submarine work for their survival.\n\n The importance of the supplier base is highlighted by the fact that\nshipyard costs account for about 35 to 40 percent of the total cost of\na submarine; the remainder goes to hundreds of other suppliers for\nproducts and services furnished to the shipyard and the Navy.\n Many of the companies that make up the submarine supplier base have\ngone through significant, and in some cases drastic, downsizing and\nreorganization in their efforts to remain viable. Some have abandoned\nsubmarine work or gone out of business altogether. Others will follow\nbefore the shakeout in the defense industry runs its course.\n There is a great wealth of information available to all Members of\nCongress on the preservation of the submarine industrial base and the\nvast but fragile vender base around the Nation that supports submarine\nbuilding. I would urge my colleagues--and all new Members of the House\nof Representatives--to call the Defense Department for a detailed\nbriefing on this important matter of national security that affects all\nof our constituents.\n The gentleman from Georgia also spoke about the continuing Russian\nsubmarine production program. He stated: ``People need to be aware * *\n* that the Russians are continuing the momentum of their submarine\nresearch. So you just can't stop with this generation [of submarine].\nWe've got to continue to work on the kind of breakthroughs that will\nallow us to build a next generation submarine. That submarine would be\nbuilt in Connecticut.''\n Much of the information about the continuing Russian submarine\nresearch and production programs--as well as the growing Third World\nSubmarine threat--is classified and cannot be discussed publicly in any\ndetail. I would encourage all of my colleagues and those newly elected\nMembers of Congress to arrange a briefing with the Department of the\nNavy.\n While the gentleman from Georgia acknowledged that he had in fact\nvoted for a rescission of SSN-22 and SSN-23, the second and third\nSeawolfs, during the Bush administration, he stated that his\n``presumption was that we'd come back and build number two the year\nafter and number three the year after that,'' adding that, ``It's a\nflat falsehood to suggest I ever voted to zero out the Seawolf.''\n Mr. Speaker, there will be those who will oppose building the third\nand final Seawolf for purely political reasons. But as Mr. Gingrich\nknows, there is nothing political about ensuring the Nation's ability\nto first deter through strength any potential adversary, and if\ndeterrence fails, fight and quickly win any conflict anywhere in the\nworld. Preserving the nuclear submarine industrial base--first by\nbuying the third and final Seawolf in fiscal year 1996 and then\ncommencing production of the new attack submarine in fiscal year 1998--\nis an integral part of our national defense.\n\n [From The Day, Oct. 18, 1994]\n\n Gingrich Endorses More Subs While Stumping for Munster\n\n minority whip's claim ``laughable,'' says Gejdenson\n\n (By Stan DeCoster)\n\n New London.--U.S. Rep. Newt Gingrich, the controversial,\n conservative Republican who hopes to be the next speaker of\n the House of Representatives, on Monday declared himself to\n be a major supporter of continued submarine construction at\n Electric Boat.\n Gingrich made the comments before attending a $100-a-plate\n fund-raising luncheon at the Lighthouse Inn for Edward W.\n Munster, the Republican who is trying to unseat U.S. Rep. Sam\n Gejdenson, the Democratic incumbent in the 2nd Congressional\n District.\n The Georgia Republican vowed to push for funding of the\n third Seawolf in the next Congress as well as continued\n financing of the attack sub that will succeed the Seawolf.\n ``You can't allow our industrial base to collapse in the\n defense area,'' he said at a press conference. ``Developing\n the most acoustically silent submarine in the world takes\n years of technical skill. And if that base ever disappears,\n it will take us 20 years to rebuild it.''\n Gejdenson called Gingrich's comments laughable, saying he\n voted in 1992 to rescind funds for the second and third\n Seawolf subs in support of then-President Bush.\n ``The 1992 vote was a referendum on the future of the\n Seawolf submarine, plain and simple,'' Gejdenson said. ``We\n won that referendum, no thanks to Newt Gingrich.''\n Gingrich, who is minority whip in the House, likely would\n become speaker if Republicans gain enough seats in November\n to claim a majority.\n He is traveling about the country in hopes of boosting the\n chances of GOP candidates, especially those such as Munster\n who are in competitive races. In a poll commissioned by The\n Day and released Sunday, Gejdenson had the support of 42\n percent of those expected to vote and Munster 33 percent.\n David B. Bingham, the nominee of A Connecticut Party, lagged\n behind with 9 percent.\n Gingrich had been expected to attend a Monday morning\n fundraiser for Kevin Vigilante, a Republican congressional\n candidate in Rhode Island. But Paul Moore, a Vigilante\n spokesman, said they couldn't sell enough tickets to make the\n event worthwhile.\n About 65 people attended the Munster luncheon.\n Inside the Inn, Gingrich met briefly with reporters,\n talking mostly about the future of submarines. He carried a\n letter for Munster, assuring the Haddam Republican that he\n would seek to place him on the House Armed Services Committee\n if he defeats Gejdenson, a 14-year incumbant.\n Gejdenson has been criticized by some in southeastern\n Connecticut for not sitting on the committee, which\n establishes defense and military priorities.\n Gingrich also defended the Republican ``Contract with\n America,'' a compliation of Republican priorities that the\n GOP promises would come to a vote within the first 100 days\n of the 104th Congress. Munster has signed the contract.\n Gejdenson has charged the contract is nothing more than\n ``Reaganism II'' that would provide tax breaks for the rich\n and cut Social Security and Medicare.\n Democrats, according to Gingrich, refuse to say what they\n would do to move America ahead.\n ``They don't like our contract,'' he said. ``But where's\n theirs?''\n He said defense spending should be geared up, with some\n estimates the Clinton White House is short-changing the\n defense and military by $80 billion and $120 billion below\n needed levels. Regarding submarines, he said:\n ``People need to be aware--that the Russians are continuing\n the momentum of their submarine research. So you just can't\n stop with this generation (of submarine). We've got to\n continue to work on the kind of breakthroughs that will allow\n us to build a next generation submarine. That submarine would\n be built in Connecticut.''\n He acknowledged that he voted for a ``recission'' during\n the Bush administration that included putting off the second\n and third Seawolf subs.\n ``My presumption was that we'd come back and build number\n two the year after and number three the year after that,'' he\n said. ``It's a flat falsehood to suggest I ever voted to zero\n out the Seawolf.''\n Gejdenson responded by issuing a partial transcript of\n President Bush's recission notice. It stated; ``Dissolution\n of the Soviet Union loading to a reduced threat, and the\n vigorous pace of U.S. submarine construction in the past\n decade, have eliminated the need for a new class of\n submarine.''\n ``If,'' Gejdenson said, ``the president's recission package\n would have passed, the Seawolf program would have been dead.\n And EB would have closed its doors.''\n Gingrich said he regularly supported increased defense\n spending while Gejdenson voted the other way.\n ``Gejdenson was voting to cut defense and get more for\n Connecticut,'' he said. ``And in the long run, that's not\n sustainable.''\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE20", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "IN HONOR OF DON EDWARDS", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Fortney Pete Stark\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN HONOR OF DON EDWARDS\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, November 29, 1994\n\n Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, the adjournment of this 103d Congress will\nmark the end of the remarkable congressional career of my good friend\nfrom San Jose, Don Edwards.\n When he announced his intention to end his service in this House\nseveral months ago, the news was greeted with headlines that included\nsuch phrases as guardian of the Constitution, champion of civil\nliberties, principled politician and liberal champion. It's my judgment\nthat this was not the usual newspaper hyperbole. These phrases were an\naccurate reflection of what Don meant to the people of California and\nthe Nation during the 32 years he served them in Congress.\n His absence from our ranks when the 104th Congress convenes will be\napparent. There will be a large gap in the line of those who defend the\nconstitutional liberties we take for granted in this country. Others\nwill rally to fill this void, but no one will take Don Edwards' place.\nHe is unique and irreplaceable.\n I have known and worked with Don since I came to Congress in 1973. He\nhas been a wise counselor, a supportive colleague and a constructive\ncritic. I will miss him and his wife Edie--she once served as my\nadministrative assistant--greatly. I am pleased that the two of them\nwill be able to travel and have time for pursuits their busy lives\ndidn't permit before, but their absences will be tough to abide.\n It's not that they will disappear from our lives. We will still have\nthe advantage of their penetrating views of public affairs, their\ncounsel on how to make this the peaceful and just world we know it can\nbe. They have earned the more relaxed lives they have chosen. A part-\ntime contribution from Don and Edie is still more than most people\ncontribute working full time. But things will not be quite the same\nwhen the people of San Jose are no longer represented by the ever-\nyouthful Don Edwards.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE21", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Tim Roemer\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}, {\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5510\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. TIM ROEMER\n\n of indiana\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, November 29, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to\n approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the\n Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations:\n\n Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to express my support for H.R.\n5110, which will implement the agreements reached during the Uruguay\nround negotiations of the General Agreement on Tariffs and trade\n[GATT]. In my home district, there are diverse industries--aerospace\ncomponents, pharmaceuticals, construction equipment, steel, and\nagricultural products--and all of these producers will benefit from the\nprovisions included in H.R. 5510.\n For example, the AlliedSignal Aerospace, which manufactures carbon\nbrakes and landing gear for commercial aircraft, will see great boosts\nin its potential to enter foreign markets. By providing better\nprotection against unfair domestic subsidy practices by foreign\ngovernments, this new GATT agreement will allow domestic aerospace\nmanufacturers to expand their markets beyond the 29 percent of\nproduction that is currently exported.\n The Third District of Indiana is a leading producer of\npharmaceuticals. Miles Laboratories, which employs nearly 3,000 workers\nin North Central Indiana, expects to see great gains resulting form the\nimplementation of the Uruguay round. GATT will not only significantly\nlower chemical tariffs but it will also improve intellectual property\nprotection provisions, an important tool to research intensive\nbusinesses like Miles.\n GATT will be extremely beneficial to U.S. steelmakers, once again the\nworld's leader's in steel production, by eliminating steel tariffs\ncurrently imposed by key trading partners. Most importantly, the GATT\nimplementing legislation will ensure that U.S. laws against unfair\ntrade remain available and effective. This is an important tool for\ncompanies like IN Tek and IN Kote, which are subsidiaries of Inland\nSteel that manufacture galvanized Steel in Indiana's Third District.\n One of the greatest benefits of GATT is the advantages it will lend\nto agriculture. With the reduction of tariff barriers and the increase\nin the world's purchasing power for U.S. commodities, Indiana farmers\nwill see a significant increase in their export potential.\n According to Purdue University economists, ratification of GATT will\nbring tremendous gains to Indiana farmers. Estimates suggest gains to\nIndiana agriculture of $1.05 billion after full implementation of GATT.\nFor corn and wheat producers, revenue should rise by nearly $750\nmillion. While I am concerned that some losses are expected for Indiana\ndairy producers due to the liberalization of import quotas to the U.S.,\nI am pleased that implementing legislation extends authorization for\nthe Dairy Export Incentive Program through 2001.\n I strongly support H.R. 5110, and urge my colleagues to adopt the\nGATT implementing legislation. This agreement will bring much-needed\nreforms to international trading practices and will further open\nforeign markets to U.S. goods, particularly those products produced in\nmy home State of Indiana.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE22", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Henry A. Waxman\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, November 29, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to\n approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the\n Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations:\n\n Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Chairman, I want to explain for the record why I am\nvoting against the GATT accord today.\n At the outset, I want to be clear that I am a free trader and, in the\nabsence of other major concerns, I would be supporting GATT. Certainly,\nI agree that efforts to promote freer trade are worthwhile.\n Until NAFTA, I had never voted against a trade agreement. I opposed\nthat accord because I felt that it presented a serious threat to our\ndomestic health and environmental statutes.\n Unfortunately, the new GATT agreement poses an even greater threat to\nthe health and environmental laws we have fought for decades to put in\nplace here in the United States.\n In fact, a number of our important American laws are already facing\nchallenge under GATT rules that will remain largely unchanged in the\nnew agreement.\n The most publicized have concerned the provisions of the Marine\nMammal Protection Act designed to protect dolphins from slaughter on\nthe open seas by restricting our import of tuna not caught in a\ndolphin-safe fashion.\n In response to challenges from first Mexico and then European\nnations, GATT panels have twice ruled the U.S. program to protect\ndolphins violates GATT.\n Under the existing GATT framework, this ruling means little, since\nany one nation can block imposition of sanctions. But the new GATT has\nteeth, and the United States will pay heavily under its terms where our\nlaws are held in violation by future panels.\n Certainly that bodes ill for the Marine Mammal Protection Act. But,\nfar more is at stake here than dolphins.\n For example, Venezuela has challenged the reformulated gasoline\nprovisions of the U.S. Clean Air Act--probably the single most\neffective measure for reducing urban smog in the entire law--and the\nEuropean Union has challenged the Federal ``CAFE'' standards designed\nto promote more fuel efficient cars.\n This is only the beginning. The European Union has published a long\nlist of State and Federal environmental and health laws that it sees as\nillegal barriers to trade that can be challenged under GATT.\n These include: the High Seas Driftnet Fishing Enforcement Act; the\nNutrition Labeling and Education Act; and numerous food safety laws,\nincluding pesticide residue standards and various inspection\nrequirements for fruits and vegetables.\n In addition, important State laws are subject to challenge,\nespecially in my State of California, where proposition 65 imposes the\ntoughest restrictions in the country against carcinogens in foods and\nother products. The European Union has already made clear that they\nintend to challenge prop 65. Another California law almost certain to\nbe challenged is the State's tough tolerance limit for lead in wine.\n It's not that our laws discriminate against imports. I agree that\ndiscrimination should be prohibited under GATT.\n But under the new GATT, any environmental or health law can be\nchallenged if a GATT panel concludes that its provisions are ``more\ntrade restrictive than necessary''--a phrase that could be interpreted\nvery broadly.\n Another major problem stems from the fact that the GATT panel that\nruled on the Marine Mammal Protection Act concluded that any trade\nrestrictions designed to protect resources beyond a nation's own\nboundaries are GATT violations.\n I fear that this ruling, in effect, bars efforts to protect the\nplanet's common resources--our oceans, our stratosphere, our climate--\nby the single method that has in the past proven effective: trade\nrestrictions.\n In addition, our ability to close our markets to products\nmanufactured by oppressed workers, even children, would be undermined.\n It wouldn't be so bad if these matters were to be resolved through an\nopen process by an unbiased expert panel.\n But the resolution of GATT challenges is handled by a panel of\nforeign judges with no familiarity with or commitment to American law\nor our judicial traditions of fairness, and through a process that\nexperts on all sides of the issue agree is wholly undemocratic.\n Opportunity for public involvement is nonexistent in GATT\nproceedings. Hearings are required to be held in secret and, under the\nterms of the agreement, even our government's own arguments in defense\nof challenged American laws cannot be made public.\n Because of these very serious flaws, I am voting against the GATT\nimplementing legislation, despite that fact that I favor reducing\nrestrictions on trade.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE23", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Philip M. Crane\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. PHILIP M. CRANE\n\n of illinois\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, November 29, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to\n approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the\n Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations:\n\n Mr. CRANE. Mr. Chairman, I believe it is necessary to provide further\nclarification regarding the antidumping provisions contained in title\nII of H.R. 5110, the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. I fully expect that\nthe Commerce Department will implement the antidumping provisions of\nH.R. 5110 in a manner which is consistent with both the letter and\nspirit of our obligations under the WTO Agreement. I expect that\nCommerce will implement the following provisions in full compliance\nwith our antidumping agreement obligations, and in a fair manner that\nthe United States would have no objection to if used by foreign\ngovernments against U.S. exporters:\n\n evaluation of industry support\n\n Section 212 of H.R. 5110 establishes procedures for determining\nindustry support, and provides conditions under which the petition may\nestablish adequate support. Section 212 provides that the Commerce\nDepartment may, in appropriate circumstances, exclude a domestic\nproducer of a like product from the industry where the producer is\nitself related to exporters or importers. As a general rule, Commerce\nshould not include members of the domestic industry those domestic\nproducers who oppose the petition, but are related to exporters, unless\nsuch producers demonstrate that their interests as domestic producers\nwould be adversely affected by the imposition of an order. It is\nexpected that related domestic producers must demonstrate to the\nCommerce Department how an order resulting from an investigation would\nadversely affect their interests, for example, by showing that their\ndomestic production operations would be damaged. In addition, section\n231 provides for termination of a case if Commerce determines that\nproducers accounting for substantially all of the production of a\nproduct lack interest in the case. It is expected that Commerce will\ninterpret this standard to be the same as that set forth in court\ndecisions such as Gilmore Steel Corp. versus U.S., in which the\nstandard is described as an overwhelming majority.\n\n captive production\n\n Section 222 of H.R. 5110 provides for the treatment of captive\nproduction in an injury inquiry. It is expected that the Commission, in\nimplementing the captive production provision, will fully comply with\narticle 3.5 and 4.1 of the antidumping agreement and articles 15.5 and\n16.1 of the subsidies agreement, which require a finding that the\ndumped or subsidized imports are causing material injury to the\ndomestic industry as a whole. It is my understanding that when\nexamining a captive production situation, the ITC will focus primarily,\nbut not exclusively, on the factors provided in the bill. However, the\ncaptive production provision does not limit the Commission to analyzing\nthe merchant market, and an affirmative injury finding not based on an\nanalysis of the industry as a whole, including captive production,\nwould be inconsistent with the agreement. In addition, to the extent\nthe Commission focuses its inquiry on noncaptive production in\nthe domestic industry, it must also focus on noncaptive imports. It is\nexpected that the Commission will apply the same criteria in its\ndetermination of whether to focus primarily on noncaptive imports as it\napplies in its determination of whether to focus primarily on\nnoncaptive domestic production. It is also recognized that, by the\nnature of the fact that captive imports are internally consumed, such\nimports generally do not compete with the domestic like product. I\nexpect that it will be very difficult to establish that captive imports\ncompete with domestic production in a particular investigation.\nAccordingly, only rarely, if ever, should the ITC find that captive\nimports compete with the domestic like product.\n\n Negligible Imports\n\n In preliminary determinations, section 212 of the new legislation\nrequires the Commission to base its finding on a determination as to\nwhether there is a reasonable indication that imports are not\nnegligible. It is expected that the Commission will, when necessary,\nuse reasonable estimates when calculating import volumes. It is further\nexpected that the Commission will normally terminate an investigation\nwhen import levels are below the statutory threshold, except when\nimport volumes are extremely close to the statutory threshold and\nreliable data obtained in a final investigation establishes that\nimports exceed the statutory threshold.\n\n Sunset Reviews\n\n Section 220 of the legislation establishes that Commerce and the\nCommission will make their determinations concerning termination of an\norder based on the facts available if responses by the parties are\ninadequate. In judging the adequacy of responses, it is expected that\nCommerce and the Commission shall apply the same standard as that\napplied in other contexts of the antidumping and countervailing duty\nlaws, such as Commerce's use of best information available.\n Article 11.3 of the antidumping agreement permits antidumping duties\nto remain in force pending the outcome of a sunset review, even if the\nreview is not completed until after the 5-year deadline. The agreement\nthus authorizes the continued collection of duty deposits, but only up\nto the point that a sunset determination is made to revoke the order.\nIn order to comply with our agreement obligations in cases where the\ndetermination is made to revoke the order, it is expected that,\npursuant to section 751(d(3), Commerce will determine that the\nrevocation will apply to entries on or after the date of the 5-year\nanniversary, and that Commerce will direct Customs to refund\nantidumping duty deposits on merchandise entered after the 5-year\nanniversary of the order.\n Section 221 of H.R. 5110 states that the Commission, in making its\nsunset determination, ``shall consider that the effects of revocation\nmay not be imminent, but may manifest themselves only over a longer\nperiod of time.'' Although a sunset review is necessarily prospective\nin nature, it is not intended that Commerce or the Commission use this\nfact to extend orders indefinitely. It is not expected that the\nCommission will find that injury is likely to continue or recur based\non uncertainty over the possible conditions at a point in time well\nbeyond the time of the determination. It is expected that the order\nwill be extended only in those cases where there is substantial\nevidence on the record that material injury is likely to continue or\nrecur within a reasonable period of time.\n\n Duty Absorption/Duty as a Cost\n\n Sections 221 and 222 of H.R. 5110 provide for Commerce and the\nCommission to consider the issue of duty absorption. It is expected\nthat before initiating a duty absorption inquiry, Commerce shall ensure\nthat there is a reasonable basis to believe that duty absorption has\noccurred. The statement of administrative action makes clear that\n``during an administrative review initiated 2 or 4 years after the\nissuance of an order, Commerce will examine, if requested, whether\nabsorption has taken place by reviewing the data on the volume of\ndumped imports and dumping margins.'' Therefore, Commerce's inquiry\nwill result in either an affirmative or negative finding of duty\nabsorption. Nothing in the statement of administrative action or\nlegislative language provides that Commerce would determine or compute\nthe extent of duty absorption, or the magnitude of duty absorption.\nTherefore, it is expected that Commerce will not quantify the level of\nduty absorption, and that an affirmative finding will have no effect on\nthe dumping margins calculated. In making its determination, Commerce\nshould give less probative weight to dumping marging and data based on\nbest information available, as these may be a poor indicator of whether\na company is actually absorbing duties.\n Commerce will notify the International Trade Commission of its\nfindings made during the 4-year review. The Commission should take\nthese findings into account in determining the likelihood of\ncontinuation or recurrence of material injury in the sunset review. It\nis expected that the Commission will not consider duty absorption to\nthe exclusion of other statutory factors. Further, it is expected that\nthe weight accorded by the Commission to Commerce's duty absorption\nfinding will depend on the extent to which it bears on the issue of the\nlikelihood of continuation or recurrence of material injury in light of\nthe facts of each case.\n Finally, the duty absorption provision in no way permits the\ntreatment of antidumping duties as a cost to be deducted from the U.S.\nprice. The treatment of antidumping duties as a cost has been\nrepeatedly rejected by Commerce and U.S. reviewing courts. Moreover, in\nthe U.S. retrospective duty assessment system, treatment of duties as a\ncost would violate the WTO Antidumping Agreement, result in the over-\nassessment of antidumping duties, and serve as a disincentive to\ninvestment in the United States.\n\n basis for determination of threat of injury\n\n Article 3.7 of the antidumping agreement, regarding the determination\nof threat of material injury, is unchanged from the 1979 antidumping\ncode. It is expected that, as provided in the statement of\nadministrative action at page 184, the Commission's practice in threat\ndeterminations will remain unchanged from current practice. As noted in\nthe statement of administrative action, revision of the threat language\nof the statute in section 771(7)(F)(ii) in no way change Commission\npractice or judicial interpretations of the statute.\n\n export price and constructed export price definitions\n\n The statement of administrative action at page 152 states that the\nchange in terminology from ``purchase price'' and ``exporter's sales\nprice'' to ``export price'' and ``constructed export price'' will in no\nway change the criteria now used to categorize U.S. sales as one or the\nother. Commerce's decisions will be monitored closely to ensure that no\nchange is, in fact, made in the Department's methodology for\ncategorizing U.S. sales.\n\n reimbursement of antidumping duties\n\n The statement of administrative action expresses the administration's\nintent to continue to apply, when appropriate, the current regulation\n[19 C.F.R. Sec. 353.26] providing for antidumping duties to be\nincreased when Commerce finds that an exporter has directly paid the\nantidumping duties due, or has reimbursed the importer for the\nimporter's payment of the antidumping duties. The legislation makes no\nchange in this regulation. It is not intended that this provision be\nextended to apply to countervailing duties. Countervailing duties\ndiffer from antidumping duties, and it is not intended that Commerce\nwill deduct countervailing duties from export price or constructed\nexport price when calculating the margin of dumping.\n\n fair comparison/normal value adjustments\n\n Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the requirement in antidumping\nagreement article 2.4 that ``a fair comparison shall be made between\nexport price and normal value.'' It is expected that Commerce will\nensure that a fair, apples-to-apples comparison is made in all cases.\nIn particular, a fair comparison requires that, as a general rule,\nnormal value shall be adjusted for the same costs and expenses for\nwhich adjustments are made to the export price or constructed export\nprice. When U.S. price is based on constructed export price, it is\nexpected that Commerce will make either a level of trade adjustment or\na CEP offset adjustment to normal value. It is my understanding that an\nadjustment will be made to normal value in order to ensure a fair\ncomparison to the export price or constructed export price, as the case\nmay be.\n In measuring the effect on price comparability and interpreting the\nstatutory requirement that a pattern of consistent price differences be\nshown, it is expected that Commerce will follow the statement of\nadministrative action, which states that ``while the pattern of pricing\nat the two levels of trade under section 773(a)(7)(A) must be\ndifferent, the prices at the levels need not be mutually exclusive;\nthere may be some overlap between prices at the different levels of\ntrade.''\n\n Initiation of Cost Investigations in Reviews\n\n As noted in the statement of administrative action [page 163],\nsection 224 amends section 773(b) to provide that Commerce must have\nreasonable grounds to initiate a cost of production investigation in an\nadministrative review, if Commerce excluded below-cost sales of a\nparticular exporter or producer from the determination of normal value\n``in the most recently completed segment of the antidumping\nproceeding.'' Thus, in an administrative review, Commerce may initiate\na cost investigation if it has excluded below cost sales in the most\nrecently completed administrative review, or, if no review has been\ncompleted, in the original investigation.\n\n Anticircumvention\n\n Section 230 of H.R. 5110 amends the anticircumvention provision of\nthe law, which currently provides for a test of whether the difference\nbetween the value of parts imported from the subject country and the\nvalue of the finished product is small. The legislation replaces this\ntest with two inquiries: whether minor or insignificant assembly or\ncompletion is occurring in the United States or the third country, and\nwhether the value of parts imported to the United States or third\ncountry from the country subject to the order is a significant\nproportion of the total value of the finished product. The structure of\nthe statute is based on the anticircumvention provisions of the\n``Dunkel Text.'' It is expected that Commerce will adhere to the\nstatutory requirement that the value of the parts is a significant\nproportion of the value of the finished product. For example, the value\nof a flat panel display in relation to the value of a finished laptop\ncomputer would not be significant, and thus would not be found to\ncircumvent an antidumping order on laptops. Further, it is expected\nthat only in very rare instances would Commerce find circumvention to\nbe occurring between unrelated parties.\n It is expected that Commerce will not interpret these criteria such\nthat the value added in the United States becomes the essential\ndeterminant of whether circumvention is occurring. The\nanticircumvention rules must not operate as a domestic content rule, or\nas a critical component rule. Moreover, in order to comply with the\nantidumping agreement and article VI of the GATT 1994, Commerce must\nonly apply antidumping duties to merchandise for which a final\ndetermination of dumping and injury has been made.\n\n Start-Up Costs\n\n Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the adjustment for startup\noperations provided for in article 2.2.1.1 of the antidumping\nagreement. This provision was one of the agreement's most important\naccomplishments on behalf of U.S. exports, in particular, high-\ntechnology exports. Commerce must not undercut this accomplishment by\nprematurely ending the start-up period or by limiting the start-up\nadjustment. It is expected that Commerce will determine the start-up\nperiod to end at the point at which commercial production levels\ncharacteristic of the product, producer or industry under investigation\nare achieved, based on production of merchandise of quality levels\nsufficient for sale. Further, when making the start-up adjustment,\nCommerce is expected to amortize all start-up costs only after the end\nof the start-up period and over the life of the product or equipment.\n\n Short Supply\n\n While I continue to support separate short supply legislation, the\nadministration has stated that there are mechanisms under current law\nto address short supply situations. Specifically, the fact that a\nproduct is not being produced in the United States should be reflected\nin the ITC's determination of whether the imports are a cause of injury\nto the domestic industry. That is, if petitioning companies are not\nproducing a competing product, there will be no adverse effect with\nrespect to the imported merchandise, and the ITC must take this into\naccount in its injury determination. After an order is in effect,\nCommerce can declare a product outside the scope of an order if it has\nsubstantially different characteristics or uses than the subject\nmerchandise, or if it is unclear whether the order included the\nspecific product. It is my expectation that Commerce and the ITC will\nactively use their existing authority to address short supply\nsituations.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE24", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "A SPECIAL SALUTE TO CHARLES O. HILL, ESSAY CONTEST WINNER", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Louis Stokes\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A SPECIAL SALUTE TO CHARLES O. HILL, ESSAY CONTEST WINNER\n\n ______\n\n HON. LOUIS STOKES\n\n of ohio\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I am proud of youth throughout my\ncongressional district who often exhibit tremendous talent and ability\nin both academic settings and throughout their respective communities.\nI rise today to salute a special young man, Charles O. Hill, whom I\nrecently had the pleasure of meeting.\n Charles is currently a ninth grade student at John Hay High School in\nCleveland. Earlier this year while attending Central Intermediate\nSchool, Charles was the winner of an essay contest sponsored by the\nNational Institution for Responsible Fatherhood and Family Development.\nThe contest challenged youth to express their views on a very important\nsubject, the issue of fatherhood. Charles' essay, entitled, ``Greatest\nDad,'' not only noted the difference between a ``dad'' and ``father,''\nbut he also paid tribute to men, such as his own father, who take their\nresponsibilities as fathers and parents seriously.\n One of the prizes Charles was awarded was the opportunity to have\nlunch and a photo session with his Congressman. I was pleased to meet\nboth Charles and his father, Jack Hill. Charles is an outstanding young\nman who is bright and articulate. He also has the potential to be a\nfuture leader. During our meeting, I was also struck by the close bond\nthat exists between father and son. It became clear that Charles' essay\nwas written from the heart about an individual whom he greatly admires.\n Mr. Speaker, I want to share the ``Greatest Dad'' essay written by\nCharles Hill with my colleagues and the Nation. It is a very moving\npiece which deserves this kind of recognition.\n\n Greatest Dad\n\n A dad is nothing but a man who makes a baby. He may or may\n not be able to take care of it. But a ``father'' to me, is a\n man who takes good care of his children.\n Father--a male parent; one deserving the respect and love\n given.\n The definition above is explaining a father according to\n the Webster's dictionary. To me a father has to be more than\n that. He has to have love in his heart, and everyday actions.\n A father gives his all toward his children not part of it.\n A dad is a man who makes a baby and leave. I like to call\n them sperm donors. Sperm donors are one of the reasons that\n many male youth are being labeled trouble makers, hood rats,\n or just plain dumb, but they know no other way to live\n because their dad is not being a father.\n A father don't necessarily have to give and give until he\n has no more. But gives to the point that his child will lay\n down and die for him. Many times I find out that people who\n join gangs, get into drugs, have no male figure in their home\n so they find security some place else, or the male figure is\n so weak that the child don't have faith.\n Young female children need a father too, not just the male\n children, as I hear many times. Females need a father to have\n an idea of a good man.\n School has a way of making life so plain about sex, but not\n about parenthood, they should at least give young people an\n idea of parenthood. Sex is easy. Being responsible and a good\n parent takes a lot of hard work and dedication.\n To have a good father is a gift. A gift almost as good as\n life. Because a good father will raise a descent child along\n with the help of a good mother, to have a great life or\n simply succeed. Children have a responsibility to live life\n to the fullest and a father can help. So the bottom line is,\n having a ``father'' or a dad can make you or brake you.\n --Charles O. Hill, Central Intermediate School.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE25", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "A SPECIAL SALUTE TO DR. SELMA BURKE", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Louis Stokes\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A SPECIAL SALUTE TO DR. SELMA BURKE\n\n ______\n\n HON. LOUIS STOKES\n\n of ohio\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, there are many African-Americans and other\npeople of color who have made significant contributions to the\ndevelopment of this Nation. Today I come to share with my colleagues a\nspecial article which appeared in the Cleveland Plain Dealer newspaper\nabout one such individual. The article explores the life of Dr. Selma\nBurke, a remarkably gifted African-American sculptor whose outstanding\nartwork has been featured at the Malcolm Brown Gallery in the 11th\nCongressional District.\n Dr. Burke, now 93 years of age, was first noted for her mastery of\nart during the Harlem Renaissance period of the 1920's and 1930's. Her\ninvolvement in the field of art spans more than 5 decades. In fact, Dr.\nBurke remains one of the oldest African-American artists still actively\ninvolved in the visual arts. She is the founder of the Selma Burke\nSchool of Sculpture in New York City and the Selma Burke Art Center in\nPittsburgh.\n Despite the success Dr. Burke has enjoyed in the field of art,\nhowever, the recognition for one of her most famed works eluded her for\nmany years. In 1943, Dr. Burke won the District of Columbia Fine Arts\nCommission competition for her bronze plaque of President Roosevelt.\nToday, this plaque hangs in the Recorder of Deeds Office here in\nWashington, DC, and according to scholars, is the basis for the image\nof President Franklin D. Roosevelt which appears on the United States\ndime.\n Mr. Speaker, I recently had the pleasure of meeting with Dr. Burke\nduring a special exhibition in Shaker Heights, OH. On Sunday, December\n11, 1994, she was the guest of Ernestine and Malcolm Brown, two of\nCleveland's outstanding individuals who are also the owners of the\nMalcolm Brown Gallery. To mark the occasion, I was proud to present Dr.\nBurke with a Congressional Proclamation in honor of her significant\naccomplishments. During her visit to Cleveland, this gifted artist\nspoke and told a fascinating story of how she began her career. Dr.\nBurke is an articulate and engaging speaker who held our attention to\nevery word she spoke. Her appearance in Cleveland and other places was\nhighlighted on the CBS Morning News. Thus, the Nation is now aware of\nthe work of this great woman who says, ``I was born to be a sculptor.''\n Mr. Speaker, I believe that Dr. Selma Burke deserves special\nrecognition for her continued efforts to foster a greater appreciation\nfor the arts. I am pleased to share with my colleagues the Plain Dealer\narticle which traces the phenomenal history of this great African-\nAmerican.\n\n Sculptor, 93, Carving Artworks, Opinions\n\n (By Steven Litt)\n\n Selma Burke, 93, has earned more honors in her long career\n than many other 20th-century American artists. She first\n garnered attention as a sculptor in the Harlem Renaissance,\n the burst of art, music and literature by blacks in New York\n during the 1920s and '30s. She later studied in Europe,\n founded an art school in New York and an art center in\n Pittsburgh, and was awarded nearly a dozen honorary degrees.\n But one thing eludes her. It is credit for the portrait of\n Franklin D. Roosevelt that appears on the dime, which was\n issued by the U.S. Mint in 1946.\n The dime bears the tiny initials ``JS,'' which stand for\n John Sinnock, the former mint chief engraver who, according\n to Burke, copied a bronze portrait plaque of Roosevelt\n created by Burke in 1944 for the Recorder of Deeds Office in\n Washington, D.C.\n ``I'm so mad at that man,'' she says of Sinnock.\n Officials at the mint say their records show Sinnock\n deserves full credit for the Roosevelt dime. But Burke isn't\n convinced. She says that because she is black, she will never\n get the recognition she feels she deserves.\n ``This has happened to so many black people,'' she says.\n ``I have never stopped fighting this man and have never had\n anyone who cared enough to give me the credit.''\n It is a warm Friday afternoon in June, and Burke is musing\n over her career while visiting the Malcolm Brown Gallery in\n Shaker Heights, where a solo show of her work is on view\n through July 31. The artists sits in a carved wooden chair in\n the corner of the gallery, gazing at 15 stone and bronze\n sculptures as if they were children she loves despite their\n flaws.\n ``There are things you wished you had done differently, and\n things you're glad you did,'' she says, wistfully.\n The 15 works on view include a plaster portrait bust of\n Duke Ellington, a wood carving of a falling angel clutching a\n snake to her chest, and a semi-abstract brass sculpture of a\n nude female torso with liquid contours and highlights. The\n work blends African-American subjects with a style rooted in\n the academic realism of the Works Progress Administration\n (WPA) Art Project, in which Burke took part. The FDR plaque\n is not part of the show.\n As she speaks about her career, Burke oscillates between\n grandmotherly warmth and righteous anger. But the artist is\n not consumed in bitterness.\n She speaks rapturously about how she still works three\n hours a day in her studio in Solebury Township, Pa., and\n occasionally teaches classes of young schoolchildren in the\n area.\n ``Oh, I love it!'' she says, ``I love carving wood and\n stone.'' And she talks about how she finds peace attending a\n local Quaker meeting because ``I like the silence.''\n Burke was born on Dec. 31, 1900, in Mooresville, N.C.\n Despite an early interest in art, she followed her parents'\n urgings that she became a nurse.\n It was in New York in the mid-1920s that the wealthy\n heiress who employed Burke as a nurse encouraged her to take\n lessons at the Art Student's League. Burke also worked as a\n model for sculptor Paul Manship and photographers Edward\n Steichen and Alfred Stieglitz.\n In 1935, she met the Harlem Renaissance poet Claude McKay,\n whom she later married. On the eve of World II, Burke earned\n fellowships that allowed her to travel in Europe, where she\n studied with Henri Matisse and Aristide Maillol.\n In 1943, while working as a truck driver for the U.S. Navy\n in a New York navy yard, Burke entered a competition to\n sculpt a profile of Roosevelt for the Recorder of Deeds\n office in Washington, DC. Burke tried for months to work from\n photographs, but failed to find a precise profile of the\n president. Finally, she wrote the president and requested a\n visit.\n To her surprise, Roosevelt agreed. During a 45-minute\n sketching session in the White House on Feb. 22, 1944, the\n loquacious commander in chief peppered the sculptor with so\n many questions she couldn't concentrate. Finally, she grabbed\n Roosevelt's head in both hands and said: ``Mr. President,\n could you hold your head like this?'' Roosevelt stood still,\n which allowed Burke to sketch his profile on a sheet of brown\n supermarket paper. To her surprise, the president invited her\n back the next day for a second session.\n A year later, Eleanor Roosevelt visited the artist's New\n York studio to view the finished plaque, and told Burke, ``I\n think you've made Franklin too young.''\n But the artist said: ``I didn't make it for today, I made\n it for tomorrow and tomorrow. There's something of a Roman\n gladiator in there, a strong ruler in a time of war.''\n Burke and some scholars believe that Sinnock used her\n sketches and plaques to design the profile of Roosevelt that\n appears on the dime.\n But Brenda Gatling, public information officer for the\n mint, says ``both Ms. Burke and Sinnock did live sittings\n with the president. Historical records do not bear out Ms.\n Burke's statements that he copied her design. Those who could\n have provided eyewitness accounts have long passed on.''\n But Burke isn't discouraged. ``Everybody knows I did it,''\n she says.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE26", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "RECOGNIZING THE LATE JUDGE FRANK BATTISTI OF CLEVELAND", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Louis Stokes\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n RECOGNIZING THE LATE JUDGE FRANK BATTISTI OF CLEVELAND\n\n ______\n\n HON. LOUIS STOKES\n\n of ohio\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, on October 19, 1994, the Cleveland community\nsuffered the loss of a legal giant. I rise today to honor the late U.S.\nDistrict Court Judge Frank J. Battisti, who passed away on that date at\nthe age of 72.\n Judge Frank Battisti was the lifelong jurist, both in and out of the\ncourtroom. His devotion to law carried him from Youngstown to Harvard\nLaw School, and eventually to an appointment on the U.S. district court\nin Cleveland by President John F. Kennedy. At the age of 39, he was the\nyoungest Federal judge in the country.\n Judge Battisti's legal career was driven by his head and fueled by\nhis heart. He was a respected, and sometimes feared, judge who felt a\npassion for the court that he was able to translate through his\ndecisions. Judge Battisti clearly understood the responsibility of his\nposition, and the weight of fairness and jurisprudence. He considered\nhow the law would affect people, not just how a decision would fit\nneatly into legal theory. In short, Judge Frank Battisti had the human\ntouch.\n Mr. Speaker, Judge Battisti never backed down from controversial\ncases. From the acquittal of the Ohio National Guardsmen after the Kent\nState shootings to a plan to desegregate public housing, he found\nanswers to very tough problems in very troubled times. His unblinking\neye on social and racial injustice helped him focus on the legal\ninjustice he saw in his courtroom.\n His human touch never shone brighter, and the criticism never roared\nlouder, than after his controversial and historic decision to\ndesegregate Cleveland's school district in Reed against Rhodes. Judge\nBattisti simply believed that children, regardless of race, religion,\nor background, had an equal right to an equal education in the\nCleveland public school system. His maverick stand clearly had the\nchildren's interest at heart, and he never wavered in the firestorm of\nprotest that followed Reed against Rhodes. Nearly two decades later, it\nstill remains to be seen whether Reed against Rhodes was the right\nanswer, but the underlying principle Judge Battisti defended in that\ndecision showed his remarkable courage and determination.\n Mr. Speaker, as a former practicing attorney in Cleveland, I had the\nutmost respect and admiration for Judge Battisti. The passing of Frank\nBattisti is a loss to the legal community, a loss to Cleveland, and a\nloss to the never-ending quest for equality, fairness, and justice. He\ndid not simply sit on the bench, he embodied law. He was every bit a\njudge, in every sense of the word.\n Mr. Speaker, I ask that an editorial from the Cleveland Plain Dealer\nnewspaper that pays tribute to Judge Battisti be entered into the\nRecord for my colleagues to read. I also ask that my colleagues join me\nin recognizing the late Judge Frank Battisti.\n\n [From the Plain Dealer, Oct. 20, 1994]\n\n Judge Frank J. Battisti\n\n Some admired him. Some reviled him. Few would deny the\n powerful impact U.S. District Judge Frank J. Battisti, who\n died yesterday at age 72, had on Cleveland.\n On his name and on his most famous ruling--which found that\n Cleveland public schools had violated the law by practicing\n racial segregation--countless candidates premised their\n campaigns for public office. In his name and in the name of\n his most famous ruling, tens of thousands of black\n schoolchildren learned one of the most important lessons of\n their lives: that the Constitution's protections extended to\n them. To understand Battisti is to gain greater knowledge\n about a vital, unfinished chapter of Cleveland history and\n one of its central characters.\n By 1976, when Battisti issued his finding against the\n school district, black children in Cleveland already had\n learned about meanness, hatred and prejudice. The U.S.\n Supreme Court had decided in the 1954 case of Brown vs. Board\n of Education that state laws allowing racially segregated\n schools violated the constitutional right to equal\n protection.\n Many big-city school districts began addressing racial\n patterns soon after that landmark decision. Cleveland was not\n among them: Officials continued practices that deliberately\n separated black and white students. In fact, even after a\n class action was filed in U.S. District Court in 1973, the\n black school board president and the white superintendent\n fought against disassembling ``black'' schools.\n The Cleveland and Boston school districts reacted with the\n most extreme defiance to court desegregation orders, said\n Gary Orfield, a professor of education and social policy and\n the head of the Harvard Project on School Desegregation.\n The rancor did not stop after the ruling. Battisti's\n comprehensive order had 14 components intended to bring an\n equal education to all of the city's students. One of the\n provisions, reassigning students to achieve integration,\n overshadowed all the rest. A single word summed it up:\n busing.\n When Battisti required student reassignments, he used one\n of the most favored methods of the day for integrating\n schools. But neither the schools nor the city were the same\n after the order. Whites and blacks fled as soon as they could\n afford to do so.\n Busing became a lightning rod for some incumbent and\n aspiring school board members who blamed it for all of\n Cleveland's ills. The rest of Battisti's order, which forced\n neglectful district officials to install more responsible\n management and promote improved student achievement, was\n forgotten by the public and cruelly ignored by a succession\n of school boards and administrations.\n Now, 20 years after Battisti's finding, 40 years after\n Brown vs. Board of Education, Cleveland schools are\n predominantly one race and nearly all the children are\n getting an equally insufficient education. Schools cannot\n integrate in cities with such segregated housing patterns, as\n communities across the United States have learned.\n Time has proven that reassigning students to integrate\n schools was the wrong remedy.\n But what motivated Battisti, who was appointed to the U.S.\n District Court by President John F. Kennedy in 1961, is not\n so clear-cut.\n Friends and associates say he was a deeply religious\n Catholic who felt that injustices like segregation were\n morally as well as legally wrong. And so he also took on\n cases in which he ordered the integration of public housing\n in Cleveland and Parma.\n The devout and passionate Battisti saw the federal\n judgeship as a calling he felt compelled to answer and\n continually act upon. In that mission, people were divided\n into the good and the bad.\n ``Battisti believed and stood for something much larger\n than the minutiae of constitutional doctrine. He possessed\n the intellect to understand the sweep of history,'' said\n Daniel McMullen, who recently left as the director of the\n Office on School Monitoring and Community Relations, the\n federal court's watchdog of the Cleveland schools'\n desegregation effort.\n Perhaps only deep moral convictions could have shaped that\n broader vision and helped Battisti confront racism. Deep\n moral convictions could have provided comfort and courage\n through years of being vilified, of death threats directed at\n him and his family. His life had been threatened, too, when\n he acquitted eight former Ohio National Guardsmen in the 1970\n killings of students at Kent State University. Battisti\n likely would have been hounded still more as the question\n returned to his court of whether John Demjanjuk should be\n deported.\n Battisti could handle harassment directed at him. But the\n judge was anguished when those he cared for were the targets.\n Some say Battisti was sustained by the ample ego and strong\n sense of independence that led him into conflicts with his\n colleagues on the federal bench. Ego and independence may\n have contributed to him sticking with student reassignments\n to attain integration in Cleveland schools even when it\n became unpopular among blacks, the very victims of the\n original discrimination.\n What the public saw and read did not reflect the private\n side of Frank Battisti. He was a devoted family man and a\n fiercely loyal friend who used to sit around with pals at a\n local furniture store and gab.\n He and his wife had no children, but doted on their niece\n and nephew.\n He could be stoic, stern and even arrogant to those who\n came before him in court. But Battisti had a good sense of\n humor and never tired of telling stories, especially about\n fishing. He loved fly fishing and he loved Montana, and it\n was ironic that an insect bite he suffered while fly fishing\n in Montana brought about the illness that killed him.\n Judge Frank J. Battisti's impact on Greater Cleveland will\n be debated for as long as it is remembered. That is\n understandable.\n But the man himself should also be recalled as a longtime\n public servant who unflinchingly took on cases of injustice.\n He should be mourned as a person who knew the value of\n friends and of family--and of a fight hard-fought."], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE3", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "COMMENTS ON THE NATION OF MALTA", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Earl F. Hilliard\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n COMMENTS ON THE NATION OF MALTA\n\n ______\n\n HON. EARL F. HILLIARD\n\n of alabama\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. HILLIARD. Mr. Speaker, it is inherent in Washington's role as the\nCapital of the free world for heads of state to come here for\nconsultations and discussions with the leaders of the United States,\nand unfortunately many of their visits go unnoticed. However, one such\nvisit which did not go unnoticed was a tour by the Prime Minister of\nMalta, the Honorable Fenech-Adami.\n Prime Minister Fenech-Adami was the leader of a delegation which\nincluded his deputy prime minister/minister of foreign affairs, the\nhonorable Guido de Marco. The delegation from Malta met with President\nClinton, the Secretary of State, the National Security Advisor, the\nchairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, as well as the\nchairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.\n It is wonderful for the United States to host a delegation of leaders\nfrom another nation who exemplify the characteristics of honor and\nintegrity. In an age when many of the nations of the world are\nentangled in blood feuds and ethnic genocide, it is refreshing to know\nthat there are still nations, like Malta, who have able and fair-minded\nleaders.\n A recent article in the Washington Times by Andrew Borowiec,\nsuccinctly described the positive changes which the strategic island of\nMalta has undergone since the 1987 election of Dr. Fenech-Adami. I\nhereby submit the aforementioned Washington Times article for inclusion\nin the Congressional Record.\n\n [From the Washington Times, Sept. 25, 1994]\n\n Malta's Prime Minister Touts Island as New Business Base\n\n (By Andrew Borowiec)\n\n Seven years of conservative rule have turned Malta into a\n prosperous island striving to become a major center of\n business activity in the western Mediterranean, its prime\n minister said yesterday.\n Pointless prestige projects have been discarded,\n infrastructure has been developed, and Malta is anxious to\n join the European Union, Edward Fenech-Adami told editors and\n reporters of The Washington Times.\n Because of structural problems in the EU, Malta's\n membership cannot be considered until 1996, ``although\n legally we are entitled to it now,'' he said.\n South of Sicily and a short distance from Tunisia, the\n ``Island of Honey and Roses'' remains painfully aware of the\n threat of Islamic fundamentalism battering Algeria.\n Mr. Fenech-Adami described the Islamic movement as a\n ``cauldron that has to be watched'' and said the solution is\n ``not to suppress it now and then, but eliminate it.''\n With a population of 370,000 and an area of 122 square\n miles, barely twice that of the District of Columbia, Malta\n is a bastion of Roman Catholicism. It has three churches per\n square mile.\n The overwhelming influence of the church was challenged\n somewhat by the socialists who were voted out of power in\n 1987.\n Overcoming the opposition of labor unions, the government\n this week drafted a major plan to revamp the huge shipyards\n it inherited from Britain upon independence in 1964.\n Mr. Fenech-Adami described the agreement as a\n ``milestone,'' saying Malta no longer will build ships, but\n will develop the yards into joint ventures making containers\n and cranes.\n Trying to keep the shipyards working ``was a desperate act\n on the part of the socialist government,'' he said. When the\n socialists flirted with Libya before the rise to power of Mr.\n Fenech-Adami's Nationalist Party, Libyan gunboats were\n repaired in the shipyards.\n Although under his leadership Malta has distanced itself\n from Libya, Mr. Fenech-Adami said a ``good working\n relationship'' continues and ``the proximity of Libya cannot\n be ignored.''\n Mr. Fenech-Adami said Malta has registered constant\n economic growth in recent years, including 8.1 percent last\n year. Unemployment is 4 percent on an island whose men in the\n past frequently left in search of work.\n The inflation rate has been reduced to 4 percent, he said.\n ``We now think of Malta as a hub, promoting it as a center of\n international trade and business activity.''\n Discussing the plans for Malta's EU membership, Mr. Fenech-\n Adami said: ``The prospects are good. Malta has gained a lot\n of credibility. Our low unemployment--and I call it full\n employment--is due to the high degree of confidence.''\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE4", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO PAT RIESLER", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Benjamin A. Gilman\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO PAT RIESLER\n\n ______\n\n HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to Pat Riesler,\nstaff director of the Education and Labor Committee on the occasion of\nher retirement at the end of the 103d Congress.\n As the ranking Republican on the House Post Office and Civil Service\nCommittee, I had the pleasure of working with Pat for 10 years. During\nthat time, Pat served as deputy staff director and staff director of\nthe House Post Office and Civil Service Committee. Pat was always ready\nand available to meet the needs of all the members of the committee on\nboth sides of the isle. Her political instincts, as well as her\nknowledge of the issues, were always well thought out and professional.\n Pat Riesler came to Congress 31 years ago, and as Roll Call noted in\nits 1993 article, Pat Riesler was among the elite group of ``Hill\nclimbers.'' She started as a staff assistant and worked her way up to\nher current position as staff director of the Education and Labor\nCommittee.\n Mr. Speaker, Pat, who has always been pleasant and accommodating, has\ndevoted her entire professional life to Congress, advancing a\nlegislative agenda that was balanced and fair. Pat was especially\ninstrumental in promoting the enactment of such reforms as the Federal\nEmployment Retirement System, changes in the Federal pay statutes, the\nEthics in Government Act, which established the Office of Government\nEthics, and numerous other legislative initiatives that benefited\nFederal and Postal employees.\n Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I appreciate this opportunity to honor the\noutstanding career and contributions Pat Riesler has made to this\ninstitution, and I ask you and my colleagues to join me in wishing Pat\na wonderful life and all the best in her future endeavors.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE5", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "CONSUMER PROTECTIONS NEEDED IN HEALTH MANAGED CARE PLANS", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Fortney Pete Stark\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n CONSUMER PROTECTIONS NEEDED IN HEALTH MANAGED CARE PLANS\n\n ______\n\n HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, managed care represents a threat and an\nopportunity. The threat is that quality care and innovative treatment\nwill be sacrificed to short-term profit. The opportunity is the\npotentially wider availability of health care.\n The tools of managed care--credentialing, case management, control of\nutilization, innovative use of information systems, and efficiency\nthrough total quality management--have been used in an attempt to lower\ncosts through a more rational use of resources. The success of managed\ncare programs is questionable, however, and numerous accounts of abuse\nin managed care programs are highlighted each day in newspapers,\nmagazines, and scholarly journals.These accounts demonstrate the\ndestructive potential of managed care approaches.\n The following is a list of concerns extracted from recent articles.\nThis list, combined with emerging data on the effectiveness of managed\ncare programs presents convincing evidence that we are just beginning\nto understand the ramifications of one of the most dramatic trends in\nhealth care--that of managed care. Regulation of the managed care\nindustry is necessary to protect consumers' rights to quality health\ncare.\n\n Issues of Concern in Managed Care\n\n i. enrollment\n\n Agents enroll beneficiaries who do not understand managed\n care restrictions.\n Some beneficiaries have been enrolled and re-enrolled in\n plans dozens of times. This is often known as ``churning of\n enrollees''.\n Lock-in provisions are often not explained.\n Enrollment of the beneficiaries is often done through M.D.\n offices without complete disclosure to the beneficiary.\n Reports of mass enrollment by trickery. For example,\n reports state that citizens were asked to come to a local\n library to ``practice'' filling out their enrollment forms.\n The forms were then collected and used to enroll unsuspecting\n seniors in managed care plans.\n\n ii. marketing\n\n Selective marketing is sometimes directed toward healthier\n seniors.\n Reports that prohibition on marketing practices and\n fraudulent claims is being violated. Agents may excessively\n raise expectations of the beneficiary.\n Ex. agents convincing seniors to switch HMO's using false\n attacks on competitor, e.g., not enough funds to pay doctors.\n Out of network coverage can be misleading. For example, a\n seventy-five year-old woman with a broken hip was expected to\n travel across the country following initial hospitalization.\n\n iii. quality of care\n\n Care decisions are often made by inexperienced gatekeepers\n instead of by on line physicians.\n Inappropriate denial of procedures that are recommended by\n a physician and covered by Medicare.\n Inappropriate delay in providing services/goods which the\n HMO approved (ex. wheelchair).\n No professional obligation to the enrollee by the HMO\n similar to that of the MD/patient or nurse/patient\n relationship. The lack of professional relationship could\n limit recourse for appeal by patient.\n Approved list of drugs (formulary) given to MDs may not\n include name brands.\n Difficulty in getting any drug not on the formulary.\n Quantity of drugs may be limited at the pharmacy so that\n patients have to make numerous trips to get the drugs for the\n prescribed number of treatment days.\n Inappropriate refusal to cover a skilled nursing home or\n failure to develop a safe plan for patient discharge.\n Medicare beneficiaries encouraged to disenroll from risk\n contract HMOs once they get sick.\n High turnover of HMO physicians. There is a lack of care\n continuity.\n Patients are assigned physicians rather than choosing them.\n There is a need to protect patient confidentiality. For\n example, software packages for internal outcomes-related\n criteria are shared with health professionals in managed care\n plan/hospital not on patient case.\n Enrollee complaints about waiting for appointments.\n\n iv. oversight/regulation\n\n There is often no pattern for state regulation of HMOs.\n There are no uniform state quality assurance requirements.\n Advocates express frustration at lack of oversight efforts\n in federal HMO regulation.\n No uniform national standard requirement for solvency and\n quality assurance.\n The split in oversight responsibility at the state level\n leads to gaps:\n Insurance departments have oversight over business issues\n and contracts;\n Health departments regulate quality of care and credentials\n of providers;\n Complaints and ratings are areas of interaction. However,\n in practice, ratings are primarily dealt with by the\n Insurance Commissioners.\n Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs) are regulated only\n when they assume risk.\n There is a lack of uniform comparative information on HMO\n plans for consumer use.\n HMOs liability for denial of care may be inappropriately\n limited.\n\n v. provider issues\n\n In some cases, there are limited contract termination\n rights for physicians.\n There are some reports of limited referrals to specialists\n in the network when referral is appropriate.\n Need for more comprehensive utilization review standards.\n Unclear utilization standards.\n Difficulties getting prior authorization.\n Inadequately qualified reviewers.\n Standards and process differ to every plan.\n Plan standards and processes constantly changing.\n No provider input into developing standards.\n Some managed care plans use a physician's name in a\n marketing appeal without approval from the physician.\n Some managed care plans do not notify physicians when they\n are seeking to create or expand a network.\n Refusal to reimburse non-network providers for emergency\n out-of-area services.\n ``Gag rule'' to limit information providers may give\n patients regarding alternative treatments (Rep. McDermott).\n Non-HMO providers pursue patients for bills that are the\n responsibility of the HMO.\n Some HMOs may hire ``problem'' physicians.\n Providers rate/evaluated based on their cost of practice\n procedures (referrals/ tests/hospitalizations).\n\n vi. grievance procedures/due process\n\n Review by an HMO may take as long as the HMO wants to\n extend it--time works against the elderly sick.\n Failure of HMOs to meet requirements of notice of right to\n appeal.\n Beneficiary needs notice of the right to submit independent\n information to support his position when a treatment is\n denied.\n Beneficiary may be denied care without being shown the\n information on which the decision was made.\n No paperwork means no notice of how benefits, particularly\n drug benefits, are calculated.\n There is often no notice to the beneficiary that the drug\n benefit limit is fast approaching so that seniors can budget\n for payments that will be inevitable.\n Wholesale drug price the HMO uses to calculate benefit may\n exceed retail cost at other pharmacies.\n In many cases, there is no immediate access to an\n independent peer review authority.\n There is no right to have representation at appeal.\n Medicare beneficiary appeals take too long to resolve--4 to\n 6 months on average.\n No advocates for the consumer in the HMO.\n Beneficiaries have problems getting reimbursed for out-of-\n area emergency services.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE6", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "A SPECIAL HARLEM HOMECOMING", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Charles B. Rangel\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A SPECIAL HARLEM HOMECOMING\n\n ______\n\n HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I'd like to share with you and my colleagues\nhere in the House, a story which appeared in the October 19, 1994\nedition of the New York Daily News. The story is about a homecoming, a\nvery special homecoming of friends, neighbors, and acquaintances from\nyears past coming together for the annual gathering of residents of the\nHarlem River Houses.\n It was the best of times and gives true meaning to what we term today\nas the good ol' days:\n\n Their Harlem Homecoming\n\n (By Lenore Skenazy)\n\n a project's alumni return to celebrate the old nabe\n\n It could have been a Harvard reunion. The judge from\n Detroit greeted the cardiologist from California who joshed\n with the official from the UN who hugged the executive from\n CBS who called over the deputy commissioner of the NYPD * * *\n Except it wasn't a Harvard reunion. It was a housing\n project reunion in a church basement on 151st St.: The annual\n gathering of folks lucky enough to have grown up in the\n Harlem River Houses--New York's first federally funded\n housing development.\n ``I don't think you'll find too many communities where\n folks will come back from the far corners of the nation for a\n reunion.'' says Don Matthews, a city housing honcho. ``But I\n grew up here with a bevy of friends. This is truly the\n personification of community.''\n As it was born to be. In 1936, Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia\n helped break the ground for a great New Deal experiment: A\n housing complex straddling Seventh Ave. at 152d St. for low-\n income New Yorkers anxious to escape Harlem's tenements.\n The project would be four stories high, sturdy and\n attractive. The apartments would overlook a courtyard, making\n it easy to keep an eye on the kids. The application process\n would be lengthy, affording a superselect tenant base: Only\n two-parent, stable-income, churchgoing families need apply.\n And 11,000 did.\n For 433 places.\n ``This was an experiment,'' explains Rodney Saunders, now\n an architect. ``The idea was: If they were going to build\n more [public housing], this one had to work.''\n It did better than that. It became a lovely place to live.\n ``We were poor, but we didn't know it,'' recalls David\n Scott, now second in command at the NYPD. ``It just felt so\n secure!''\n It was secure, thanks, in great part, to the fact that all\n the adults looked out for all the kids. ``If you were\n crossing the street and someone saw you, they'd call your\n parents and say, `What's your son doing crossing the street?'\n Then some parent or your own parent would come and get you,''\n says Don Fitzpatrick, who went on to become Andrew Young's\n policy affairs officer at the United Nations.\n The shopkeepers--and there were 24 stores in the project\n back then--did the same thing. Buy a box of cigarets, ``and\n before you got home they'd have called your parents to let\n them know you're smoking,'' recalls Peggy Grant Baylor, now a\n judge in Detroit.\n ``You were given very little room to do wrong,'' sums up\n George Edwards. ``You really had to work to be a bad egg.''\n If, somehow, you succeeded, you did not escape unpunished.\n The project's one and only security guard would give you a\n whack. And then your parents would do the same.\n\n The best of times\n\n ``I wish I could've grown up there,'' pines Joe Bourne, a\n former Harlem Globetrotter, who grew up on 144th St. He used\n to play ball against the Harlem River Houses kids and, the\n everyone else in the neighborhood, he considered them rich.\n ``They had the best housing,'' he says. ``the best\n everything!''\n They even had some of the best athletes: John Carlos, who\n won the bronze medal for the 200-meter dash at the 1968\n Olympics (and raised his hand in a black power fist at the\n awards ceremony)--he used to race from one end of the\n courtyard to the other. ``And I'll tell you something,''\n confides Saunders, the architect. ``He wasn't even the\n fastest guy in the project!''\n The Apaches, one of the five local baseball teams thriving\n at the time, became the first black team to win the citywide\n Police Athletic League championship. That was back in '49 or\n '50--no one can remember for certain. But they do remember\n what happened:\n ``Being from a poor neighborhood,'' says Emmett Baylor (now\n special assistant to the mayor of Detroit), he and his\n teammates were very attracted to the jackets worn by their\n opponents. ``They were big, bulky, wool fleece jackets that\n the P.A.L. champions always got,'' Baylor recalls. ``We said,\n `Man, we will win those jackets!''' And they did win.\n But they didn't get the jackets.\n ``They gave us runnerup windbreakers that they stitched\n `Winner' across,'' says Baylor, shaking his head. ``This was\n not too long after Jackie Robinson [had broken the baseball\n color barrier]. The system could not stand a black team\n winning.''\n\n look back in non-anger\n\n The system could not stand too many blacks doing too well\n at anything, back then. But strangely enough, despite the\n rampant discrimination of the era, Harlem River's alums still\n remember a halcyon childhood.\n ``In the `50s and `60s, no one locked their doors,'' says\n Saunders. On sunny days, the kids played in ``The Pit,'' a\n playground in the central courtyard. Rainy days, they'd chase\n each other through the tunnels connecting all the buildings.\n ``We'd play Wild Bill Hickok or Roy Rogers,'' Saunders\n recalls. ``It was very clear in those days: Good guys versus\n bad guys. Nowadays you have a lot of anti-heroes. Kids are\n really confused about who the good guys are.''\n True, life in the 1990s is not simple. Drugs and violence\n pollute too many projects. Too few parents peer out the\n window. But to this day, the Harlem River Houses look good.\n There's a branch of the public library still operating in one\n of the buildings. Lots of trees--and little graffiti--grace\n the project. The Pit still beckons to kids.\n If the early alums no longer live here, it's mostly because\n they've moved up and on.\n ``This was nice in the beginning,'' says Don Fitzpatrick,\n pointing to the project. ``It's still nice. But now I have an\n apartment on Fifth Ave.''\n Thanks to a solid childhood in Harlem.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE7", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO STAFF", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Romano L. Mazzoli\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO STAFF\n\n ______\n\n HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI\n\n of kentucky\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this opportunity to\nthank all current and former members of my staff for their tireless\nefforts and dedication to my office and to the Third Congressional\nDistrict of Kentucky.\n Over my 24 years in Congress, there have been hundreds of individuals\nwho have dedicated their time, knowledge, and energy to my office.\nAlthough I do wish that I could list each one by name, I would just\nlike to extend my most sincere gratitude for their years of service.\n I would, however, like to thank specifically and by name my current\nWashington office staff: Dennis Ambach, Jayne Jordan, Jane Kirby, Alva\nLewis, Christian Patterson, Henry Semple, and Greta Stovall. And I want\nto thank my office staff in Louisville: Ron Crawford, Sheila Embry,\nAnne Marks, Charles Mattingly, Diane Murrah, and Brenda Sweatt.\n I would also like to mention my staff on the Subcommittee on\nInternational Law, Immigration, and Refugees, who have been so helpful\nand devoted over the years: Kevin Anderson, Lizzie Daniels, Judy Knott,\nLeslie Megyeri, Eugene Pugliese, and Katherine Urban.\n I would also like to thank Renee Benjamin, Leslie Hawk, Michael Long,\nJanice Cassidy, and Ken McCarthy, who, although they left my office\nrecently for other pursuits, will always be remembered for their hard\nwork and loyalty.\n I have truly been fortunate to have the support of a very capable\nstaff, who, through their dedication, hard work, and loyalty, have\nenabled me to devote all of the talents of mind, body, and spirit that\nGod has granted me to the people of the Third Congressional District of\nKentucky. I am truly grateful to all of them and I wish for them much\nhappiness and success in the future.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE8", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN DEAN GALLO", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Tom Bevill\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN DEAN GALLO\n\n ______\n\n HON. TOM BEVILL\n\n of alabama\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to commemorate the outstanding\npublic service of Congressman Dean Gallo.\n I knew Dean from when he first came to Congress 10 years ago. He was\none of the most well-liked Members of Congress, as well as one of the\nmost able. He had been a respected member of the Appropriations\nCommittee since 1989 and an important part of the Energy and Water\nDevelopment Subcommittee since 1991. Having Dean on my subcommittee\nthese past 4 years was a real pleasure, and I know all of us on the\ncommittee will miss him.\n Dean worked hard for issues that mattered to the Eleventh District of\nNew Jersey, but he never forgot the greater national interest. However\nacrimonious the debate, you could always expect Dean to be level-headed\nand practical. He was a gentleman legislator and a good friend. America\nwould be lucky to have more Congressmen like Dean Gallo.\n We have lost a great man in Dean Gallo, but his accomplishments will\nlive on. The people of New Jersey, whom he served so well, owe him a\ndebt of gratitude which I know they are happy to pay. I would like to\njoin with my colleagues in honoring his memory. It was my sincere\npleasure to know Dean Gallo and to work with him. We will all miss him\nvery much.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE9", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO RUTH BRASWELL TRUMAN", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Charlie Rose\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO RUTH BRASWELL TRUMAN\n\n ______\n\n HON. CHARLIE ROSE\n\n of north carolina\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Tuesday, December 20, 1994\n\n Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this time to recognize\nMs. Ruth Braswell Truman, who will be celebrating her 80th birthday on\nJanuary 8, 1995. Ms. Truman is a native North Carolinian and a\nconstituent of mine. She was born in Winston-Salem in 1915 to Flora and\nLonnie Braswell and attended R.J. Reynolds High School and High Point\nCollege.\n After her move to Washington, DC, in 1936, she pursued a career with\na major life insurance company where she worked until her retirement in\n1973. Ms. Truman now resides in Wilmington, NC, and is an active member\nof Wrightsville United Methodist Church. I would like to congratulate\nher and extend the best wishes of the U.S. Congress as she approaches\nthis great milestone.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "S E N A T E", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n S E N A T E\n\nVol. 140\n\nWASHINGTON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1994\n\nNo. 150\n\nHouse of Representatives\n\nThe House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on\nWednesday, January 4, 1995, at 12 noon.\n\n APPOINTMENTS BY THE SPEAKER AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT\n\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 114(b) of Public Law 100-458,\nand the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the\nSpeaker and the minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and\nCommittees authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker, on Monday,\nDecember 5, 1994, did reappoint to the Board of Trustees for the John\nC. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development the\nfollowing member on the part of the House:\n Mrs. Boggs, Louisiana, for a term of 6 years.\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 4 of the Congressional Award\nAct, section 803 of title 2, United States Code, and the order of the\nHouse of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the\nminority leader to accept resignations and to make appointments\nauthorized by law or by the House, the Speaker, on Monday, December 5,\n1994, did reappoint to the Congressional Award Board the following\nmembers on the part of the House:\n Mr. Eugene Moos, Washington, DC.\n Mr. Thomas Hale Boggs, Jr., Washington, DC.\n Ms. LaBrenda Garrett-Nelson, Washington, DC.\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 491 of the Higher Education\nAct, as amended by section 407 of Public Law 99-498, and the order of\nthe House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the\nminority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees\nauthorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Monday, December 5,\n1994, did appoint to the Advisory Committee on Student Financial\nAssistance the following member on the part of the House:\n Ms. Lola J. Finch, Pullman, WA.\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 904(b) of Public Law 103-236\nand the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the\nSpeaker and the minority leader to accept resignations and to make\nappointments authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker, on Monday,\nDecember 5, 1994, did appoint to the Commission on Protecting and\nReducing Government Secrecy the following member on the part of the\nHouse:\n Mr. Maurice Sonnenberg, New York, NY.\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 503(b)(3) of Public Law 103-\n227, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing\nthe Speaker and the minority leader to accept resignations and to make\nappointments authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Monday,\nDecember 5, 1994, did appoint to the National Skill Standards Board the\nfollowing members on the part of the House:\n For 3-year terms:\n Mr. James D. Burge, Washington, DC.\n Mr. Kenneth R. Edwards, Rockville, MD.\n Mr. William E. Weisgerber, Ionia, MI.\n For 4-year terms:\n Mr. Herbert J. Grover, Gresham, WI.\n Ms. Carolyn Warner, Phoenix, AZ.\n Mr. George H. Bliss III, Washington, DC.\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 211(b)(F) of Public Law 101-\n515, as amended by section 260001 of Public Law 103-322, and the order\nof the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and\nthe minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees\nauthorized by law or by the House, the Speaker and the minority leader\non Monday, December 5, 1994, did jointly appoint to the National\nCommission To Support Law Enforcement the following Member of the\nHouse:\n Ms. Slaughter, New York.\n Pursuant to the provisions of section 211(b)(F) of Public Law 101-\n515, as amended by section 260001 of Public Law 103-322, and the order\nof the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and\nthe minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees\nauthorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Friday, December 9,\n1994, did appoint to the National Commission To Support Law Enforcement\nthe following member on the part of the House:\n Mr. Sam Cabral, Burke, VA.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS10", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "S E N A T E", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n S E N A T E\n\nVol. 140\n\nWASHINGTON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1994\n\nNo. 150\n\nSenate\n\nThe Senate was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held\non Wednesday, January 4, 1995, at 12 noon.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS11", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE RECEIVED SUBSEQUENT TO SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE RECEIVED SUBSEQUENT TO SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT\n\n Under the authority of the order of the Senate of January 5, 1993,\nthe Secretary of the Senate on December 2, 1994, subsequent to sine die\nadjournment, received a message from the House of Representatives\nannouncing that the Speaker has signed the following enrolled bill:\n\n H.R. 5110. An act to approve and implement the trade\n agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral\n trade negotiations.\n\n Under the authority of the order of the Senate of January 5, 1993,\nthe enrolled bill was signed on December 2, 1994, subsequent to sine\ndie adjournment of the Senate by the President pro tempore (Mr. Byrd).\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS12", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS\n\n The following communication was laid before the Senate, together with\naccompanying papers, reports, and documents, which were referred as\nindicated:\n\n EC-3584. A communication from the President of the United\n States, transmitting, pursuant to law, the second monthly\n report on the situation in Haiti dated December 6, 1994; to\n the Committee on Foreign Relations.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS13", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Bob Packwood\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS\n\n Mr. PACKWOOD. Mr. President, one of the key achievements of\nthe Uruguay agreement is the obligation it establishes in respect of\nprotection of intellectual property rights. America is the preeminent\nproducer and exporter of creative and inventive products--motion\npictures, software, records, books, computers, airplanes, to name but a\nfew--all of which are subject to copyright patent or trademark\nprotection. By implementing the Uruguay round agreements, foreign\ncountries will be obligated to provide American right holders\nprotection under their national laws. These steps will improve our\nability to sell our products overseas, and encourage further creative\nand inventive efforts in our country.\n It is our intention that this agreement establish a new floor for\nfuture initiatives to improve intellectual property protection, and not\na ceiling on standards or an obstacle to further efforts to upgrade\nprotection. In this implementing legislation, the U.S. Congress directs\nthe administration to continue its trade policy initiatives aimed at\nimproving export opportunities through bilateral negotiations and\nconsultations. In 1984, and again in 1988, we amended our trade laws to\nrequire the U.S. Trade Representative [USTR] to undertake deliberate\nand forceful bilateral trade initiatives to promote protection of\nAmerican intellectual property rights. Over the past decade, progress\non intellectual property issues has been achieved through complementary\nbilateral and multilateral initiatives. The World Trade Organization\n[WTO] agreements represent a major step forward on the multilateral\nprong of this approach. While the WTO result is a necessary element for\nattaining our goal of increased export opportunities, bilateral\ninitiatives remain an indispensable element.\n Implementation of the Uruguay agreements leaves unchanged the intent\nof the Congress mandating continued effective bilateral negotiations.\nThus, this implementing legislation states specifically that,\nnotwithstanding that a foreign country may have implemented the\nspecifically enumerated obligations contained in the TRIP's chapter of\nthe WTO, or the obligations of any other bilateral or multilateral\nagreement, those acts by themselves do not mean that the country's laws\nmeet the ``adequate and effective protection'' standard of the U.S.\ntrade law.\n Bilateral initiatives are especially important for at least two\nreasons. First, they are to be used to ensure that countries that have\nbeen the subject of past bilateral negotiations move promptly to\nimplement adequate and effective protection, and not take advantage of\nthe overly long transition periods that are in almost all cases\nunnecessary. Bilateral efforts are necessary to ensure that the United\nStates has the ability to address all impediments to trade such as\nmeasures which deny Americans the right to use, exploit, and derive\nfull commercial benefits from their intellectual property. Experience\ndemonstrates that bilateral negotiations can produce immediate results.\nMoreover, bilateral initiatives are well suited for resolving trade\nirritants unique to certain markets. Finally, bilateral negotiations\nhave consistently resulted in high levels of protection and effective\nenforcement measures.\n For all these reasons, the intent of the Congress with respect to\nbilateral initiatives remains clear and unchanged: The USTR shall not\ndiminish in any way bilateral efforts under Special 301, GSP, CBI, and\nATPA programs to improve protection for U.S. holders of intellectual\nproperty. Implementation of the Uruguay round agreements shall not be\nconstrued or interpreted as a change in this mandate. Such bilateral\nefforts shall aim to supplement and strengthen the standards and\nobligations contained in the WTO's TRIP's agreement, secure their early\nimplementation and to eliminate discrimination, unreasonable exceptions\nor preconditions to the protection, enforcement or commercial enjoyment\nof the full economic benefits arising from any use or exploitation of\nintellectual property rights. In particular, the United States, through\nbilateral negotiations, shall seek to secure fair, equitable and\nnondiscriminatory market access opportunities for U.S. persons holding\nintellectual property rights.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS14", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Ted Stevens\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS\n\n ______\n\n TRIBUTES TO DEPARTING SENATORS\n\n Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I want to take this opportunity to\nsay farewell to the colleagues on both sides of the aisle who will not\nbe with us when the 104th Congress convenes.\n I was absent from the Senate when others made their comments. Because\nof the time involved, I shall speak to all of our retiring friends in\nthese remarks.\n Each, in his own way, in serving as Senator from his State, has made\nhis mark on the history of our Nation.\n We may not always have agreed on issues, but we've shared a great\nbond as Members of this distinguished body.\n To John Danforth--with whom I have had a long relationship, beginning\nwith his campaign and continuing through the years we served together\non the Senate Commerce Committee--I will always appreciate how he\nhelped to expand my horizons, particularly when we dealt with\nlegislation on the oceans and the atmosphere. Our shared interest in\namateur sports and the Olympics has been another special link.\n I remember well when Malcolm Wallop first ran for the Senate. He\nconducted himself than as the complete western gentleman. He has\nfulfilled the promise of that first impression in his years as a Member\nof the Senate. His understanding of issues affecting our western\nStates, and his expert knowledge of defense will be missed.\n I will always appreciate Dennis DeConcini's involvement in assisting\nin the survival of the Postal Service during the years we served\ntogether on the Appropriations Committee. As another Senator from the\nWest, he understood our unique issues.\n My association with David Boren has been rewarding, particularly when\nwe worked together on congressional and campaign finance reform issues.\nHe will be a great asset to the University of Oklahoma, and offer much\nin understanding our great democracy to the young men and women who\nwill study there.\n David Durenberger's interest in developing medical technology,\nparticularly in the field of telemedicine, has ensured his status as a\nleader in health issues. For my State, with its vast distances between\nsmall villages and major medical centers, telemedicine is vital. I\nthank him for his work in this area.\n As Democratic leader, George Mitchell has always been considerate of\nmy position as a former member of the leadership on the other side of\nthe aisle. I have enjoyed our relationship, and look forward to knowing\nwhat the next phase of his career will be.\n Like Harlan Mathews, I first served as an appointed Senator 26 years\nago. It takes a good deal of hard work to learn the vagaries of the\nSenate. He has learned well and done a fine job for the people of\nTennessee. On a personal level, I enjoyed our travel together to the\nUnited States-British Parliamentary Conference.\n Tennis with Howard Metzenbaum has been a pleasure through the years.\nAnd his kindness to our daughter Lily, as she grew up in these Halls,\nhas always meant much to me and to Catherine. Howard has been a model\ngrandparent for her as well as to his own grandchildren.\n I've enjoyed many hours in the gym with Don Riegle. His deep devotion\nto family and his concerns about family matters are an inspiration to\nus all. I wish him well.\n Serving on the Appropriations Committee with Jim Sasser has been a\ngood experience. And, as Budget Committee chairman, he has been most\nfair in his work on matters pertaining to small States. I thank him for\nbeing a friend.\n Mr. President, much more could be said about these Senators, as they\nenter new stages of their careers. I know that each one of us who\nserved with them has special reasons to pay them tribute, as they leave\nWashington, DC, for their homes.\n I am sure my colleagues join me in wishing them all the brightest of\nfutures.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS15", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "BLACKSTONE HERITAGE AREA'S NEW PRESERVATION APPROACH", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Claiborne Pell\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n BLACKSTONE HERITAGE AREA'S NEW PRESERVATION APPROACH\n\n Mr. PELL. Mr. President, I would like to share with my\ncolleagues an excellent cover story from the Christian Science Monitor\nof December 5, 1994, that examines the vision of the Blackstone River\nValley National Heritage Corridor.\n This story is particularly timely because we will be seeking to\nreauthorize this corridor during the 104th Congress. As the Senate\nauthor of the current authorization, I am proud of the work that\nalready has been done and the community pride that has grown with the\ncorridor.\n I anticipate the reauthorization proposal will encompass the entire\nwatershed of the Blackstone River Valley, which runs from Woonsocket,\nMA to Providence, RI. We want to highlight the role of the valley as\nthe cradle of the American Industrial Revolution.\n This story also highlights the role of Jim Pepper, the executive\ndirector of the corridor commission. Jim has proven to be an able\ndiplomat and an indefatigable advocate of both the corridor and the\ncommunity involvement that has become its signature.\n As we start to reconsider the corridor authorization and the goals\nthat it has developed, this story presents an excellent portrait of the\ncorridor's accomplishments and potential. I hope my colleagues will\njoin in supporting its plans for the future.\n I ask that the story, ``New Preservation Approach Aims To Save\nCultural Landscape,'' from the December 5, 1994, Christian Science\nMonitor, be printed in the Record.\n The material follows:\n\n New Preservation Approach Aims To Save Cultural Landscape\n\n (By James Andrews)\n\n Jim Pepper pushes aside brambles, strides across spongy\n bottom land, and scrambles up a rocky embankment. About 50\n yards from the road, he stops and looks around at what\n appears to be nothing but a patch of Rhode Island woods.\n ``We're standing in the mill,'' he says. ``The water ran\n down this trough,'' he explains, gesturing to stone walls and\n arches under the overgrowth.\n Mr. Pepper is a visionary with a twist. Not only can he\n peer into the future to see what might be, he also can gaze\n into the past to see what has been. Now he is seeing Mammoth\n Mill, once a bustling woolen factory on the Blackstone River\n in Northern Smithfield, R.I. These neglected ruins are all\n that remain of the 1836 mill, which was torn down in 1930--\n but to Pepper, they are the substance of things hoped for.\n Pepper is the executive director of the Blackstone River\n Valley National Heritage Corridor Commission. He has guided a\n pair of journalists to this obscure spot to make a point\n about his job and the work of the commission.\n ``Mammoth Mill is symbolic of so many places in this valley\n that are unknown and unseen. Our job is to make them known,''\n he says. Although Pepper has no plans for the site yet, his\n imagination already is leaping ahead to a day when the plot,\n tidied up and properly ``interpreted'' through signs and\n diagrams, may inform tourists about America's early\n industrialization.\n The Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor is\n one of five regions that have been designated ``American\n Heritage Areas'' by Congress. Besides the Blackstone River\n Valley in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, there are the\n Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor in\n Illinois, the Delaware and Lehigh Canal National Heritage\n Corridor in eastern Pennsylvania, the America's Industrial\n Heritage Project in southwestern Pennsylvania, and the\n Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage\n Corridor in Connecticut, which Congress approved just this\n fall.\n If a bill in Congress that passed the House of\n Representatives is reintroduced and enacted by the 104th\n Congress, 10 more zones from Georgia to Washington State will\n be designated national-heritage areas and become eligible for\n federal matching funds. The legislation would establish a\n mechanism whereby additional regions could obtain heritage\n recognition by Congress in the future.\n As important as they are, however, federally sanctioned\n heritage areas are just the crown jewels of a burgeoning\n movement to revitalize distinctive but underrecognized parts\n of the American landscape. Scores of places in nearly every\n state have acquired or are seeking a degree of official or\n unofficial classification as heritage sites.\n It is primarily a grass-roots movement, explains Shelley\n Mastran, a program director at the National Trust for\n Historic Preservation in Washington and the executive\n director of the recently formed National Coalition for\n Heritage Areas (NCHA). Referring to a long list of putative\n heritage areas compiled by the National Trust, Ms. Mastran\n says, ``These are initiatives that are or have the potential\n to become heritage areas. Some of them are just self-\n anointed.''\n But many other heritage areas have progressed beyond the\n gleam-in-the-eye stage, Mastran says. Their proponents are\n working with state governments and the National Park Service\n to create programs through which a heightened ``sense of\n place'' can help achieve environmental, economic-development,\n and historic-preservation goals.\n Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania have their own\n programs for recognizing heritage areas, though sometimes by\n other names. New York, for instance, has established the\n Hudson River Valley Greenway Council, a regional-planning\n compact among 240 cities and towns in 10 counties from Albany\n to New York City. Despite its name, the members of the\n compact are cooperating on a much broader array of\n initiatives than are implied by the term green way, says\n David Sampson, director of the Hudson River Valley Greenway\n Council.\n Asked if he thinks that interest in heritage areas and\n other forms of regional planning is growing, Mr. Sampson says\n he responds to speaking invitations all around the country,\n and he has traveled to the Czech Republic twice to consult on\n green ways.\n What, exactly, is a heritage area? ``This question has as\n many definitions as there are heritage areas,'' the NCHA\n observed last January in the first edition of its quarterly\n newsletter, Heritage Links, because ``no two heritage areas\n are exactly the same. * * *'' But the organization says the\n ``basic components'' of heritage areas include:\n A sense of place and identity.\n Regional scope and management.\n Large-scale natural or manmade resources that unify the\n region.\n A variety of land uses.\n Predominantly private ownership of land and resources.\n Local, regional, state, or national significance.\n A common goal or ``big idea.''\n One could almost say (although it would make many\n proponents of the concept wince) that heritage areas are\n theme parks--except that the theme in each area is not\n imposed by a Disneyesque developer, but rather grows out of\n the unique geography, history, and living culture of the\n region.\n In contrast to national or state parks, heritage areas--\n where most property remains in private hands--are an approach\n to resource conservation and management that emphasizes\n partnerships among all levels of government,\n environmentalists, business people, and citizen groups.\n Pepper says that, in the Blackstone River Valley, he has\n seen the regional cooperation that is fostered by the\n national-heritage concept start to bridge divides between\n environmentalists, historic preservationists, and community\n planners on one side and business people and property owners\n on the other side.\n ``If you push the time horizon out a distance, most people\n all want basically the same things--livable communities, good\n places for their kids to grow up, places with a mixture of\n jobs and green spaces and recreation facilities,'' Pepper\n says. ``Once you have identified common goals, then it\n becomes a question of, `How do we achieve it?' That's when\n meaningful planning really begins.''\n According to Pepper, planning for community development and\n resource management is often misunderstood. ``Too many towns\n just have a permitting process, not a true planning\n process,'' he says. ``When communities and regions develop\n real, long-term plans, there are fewer fights over specific\n permitting issues. And people feel empowered when they have\n effective planning tools in their hands.''\n Pepper was hired by the Blackstone River Valley National\n Heritage Corridor Commission in 1989. A career employee of\n the National Park Service who previously worked in Alaska, he\n cheerfully calls himself a ``pro-government liberal'' and\n says he came to the job with a wilderness lover's distrust of\n business people.\n But Pepper says he has learned a lot about planning from\n corporate executives. ``Business types often are more skilled\n than bureaucrats and yuppie environmentalists at establishing\n long-range goals and setting up implementation schedules,''\n he admits.\n As Pepper wheels a van along the highways and byways of the\n Blackstone River Valley, the words rush out as quickly as\n parts of the waterway that once was called the ``hardest\n working river in America.'' In nearly every town and village\n he passes through, indeed, around almost every bend of the\n road, Pepper points to a historic site, a distinctive piece\n of architecture or Americana, a scenic vista or significant\n landmark, a restoration project, new heritage-area signage,\n or--and there are still many of these--evidences of neglect,\n disrepair, and pollution.\n ``The Blackstone River Valley, like many regions that are\n candidates for recognition as heritage areas, had been\n largely forgotten, Pepper says. ``There are many places in\n America that have become anonymous, that we don't see, and\n that have lost a lot of their own self-consciousness as an\n identifiable place with a history and heritage that are worth\n preserving.''\n The Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor\n extends 46 miles from the outskirts of Worcester, Mass.,\n south to Providence, R.I., where the Blackstone River empties\n into Narragansett Bay. The 250,000-acre zone encompasses some\n 40 cities, towns, and villages, together with forest and\n farmland.\n While the corridor includes wilderness areas like the\n rugged Purgatory Chasm State Park, its distinctiveness as a\n heritage area stems from what Pepper calls the ``cultural\n landscape'' more than from its natural features.\n A National Park Service publication calls the Blackstone\n River Valley the ``birthplace of the American Industrial\n Revolution.'' In 1790 Samuel Slater, an English mill boss,\n engineered America's first successful watered-powered cotton-\n spinning mill on the river at Pawtucket, R.I. Over the\n following decades, manufacturing spread along the swift\n stream and its tributaries, dotting their banks with textile\n mills and other factories, each surrounded by clusters of\n worker housing. These company-owned mill towns are the\n valley's most distinguishing feature.\n Based on a National Park Service inventory of the region's\n natural and historical assets, Congress voted to help\n preserve the Blackstone River Valley's cultural landscape in\n 1986. It established the boundaries of the national-heritage\n corridor, created the commission to be a funding and planning\n catalyst (but without zoning, eminent domain, or other powers\n to regulate land use), and provided $250,000 a year--raised\n to $350,000 in 1991--for the commission's operations and as\n matching funds for a variety of conservation, historic-\n preservation, and economic-development uses. Congress also\n has given the commission about $4.2 million over the years\n for bricks-and-mortar projects.\n The annual authorization pays for, among other things,\n Pepper's five-person staff, which includes a National Park\n Service ranger and community planner. The staff works out of\n a refurbished former depot of the Providence & Worcester\n Railroad in Woonsocket that was donated by the state of Rhode\n Island.\n But the real development money for heritage-area projects\n comes from state, local, and private sources. Pepper\n estimates that he has leveraged federal dollars with other\n funds on a scale of 15 to 1.\n While the commission provides funds for historic\n preservation, Pepper emphasizes that is not interested simply\n in saving isolated structures or ``little vest-pocket\n displays of historic sites.'' For instance, he says, when the\n town of Blackstone asked the commission for funds to restore\n an old church that had been condemned, the commission refused\n to help unless the town developed a more comprehensive\n heritage-protection plan, as it subsequently did.\n As another example of how the commission tries to spread\n ripples, Pepper takes his visitors to small, attractive\n riverside park where a mill once stood in Valley Falls, R.I.\n Pointing to signs of refurbishment around the park, Pepper\n says residents in the run-down neighborhood have become\n convinced that their community has value.\n ``We're constantly on the lookout for these little `gene\n pools' of potential revitalization, where we can make a\n difference,'' he says.\n Pepper says he is heartened by the extent to which many\n local companies have caught the spirit of the corridor's\n purpose. For instance, he says, in Slatersville, R.I.\n (founded by Samuel Slate's brother, John), Polytop\n Corporation, a maker of container lids and other plastic\n products, has spent more than $1 million to purchase and\n rehabilitate a vacated mill and surrounding worker\n housing. The company is collecting the stories of former\n factory workers in an oral-history project.\n Despite such evidence of success, national-heritage areas\n have encountered opposition from two directions: some\n factions within the National Park Service, and the property-\n rights or so-called ``wise use'' movement.\n Skeptics in the park service voice doubts about heritage\n areas primarily because they fear that money for such areas\n will detract from funding for national parks. Moreover,\n Pepper says, many of his colleagues in the park service have\n what he suggests is a hidebound approach to safeguarding\n precious national assets.\n ``They believe that to protect a resource, the government\n has to own it,'' Pepper says. ``For them, Yellowstone is the\n model: You put land behind red-velvet ropes and keep people\n away except under tightly controlled conditions.''\n Pepper and other heritage-area supporters like A. Elizabeth\n Watson, a conservationist and the chair of the NCHA, believe\n that critics within the National Park Service are\n shortsighted and are missing an important wave in the future\n of conservation and environmentalism.\n ``Americans need more places to go to experience their\n heritage,'' Ms. Watson says. ``We need to build partnerships\n to preserve the American landscape, not just lock up land in\n national parks.''\n Both Pepper and Watson see signs that some critics in the\n park service are softening their attitudes toward heritage\n areas.\n Resistance to heritage areas from the property-rights\n movement is predictable, since some ``wise use'' activists\n oppose government involvement in decisions affecting private\n property.\n Heritage-area advocates like Mastran and Watson of the\n National Coalition for Heritage Areas wonder if property-\n rights groups understand heritage areas and know that\n management authorities in the areas lack coercive powers over\n land use. ``I don't think they have a clue,'' Mastran says.\n ``They just used the bill as another vehicle for raising\n their favorite issues.''\n Sampson of the Hudson river Valley Greenway Council also is\n puzzled by right-wing opposition to heritage areas. ``They\n seem like a very Republican idea: Using private planning and\n investment to improve the quality of life and to revitalize\n communitys,'' Sampson says. ``It's a market economy that\n makes heritage areas and green ways work.''\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS16", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "RETIREMENT OF SENATOR RIEGLE", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Patrick J. Leahy\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n RETIREMENT OF SENATOR RIEGLE\n\n Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, one of those retiring this year is\nDon Riegle of Michigan, the chairman of the Senate Banking Committee.\n Don Riegle is far more than a trusted and valued colleague. He is a\nspecial friend.\n Don and I first met when I was State's attorney for Chittenden County\nin Vermont and he was a member of the House of Representatives. I was\nsitting on the front lawn of my farm house on a summer day during the\nCongress' August recess over 20 years ago when Don drove up looking for\ndirections. I recognized him as the author of the book, ``Oh\nCongress,'' and we sat on the lawn having a nice chat. This began a\ngeneration-long friendship, and I later told him that I was thinking of\nrunning for the U.S. Senate. Don helped me a great deal on the race and\nI was very glad to support him when he then ran for the Senate from\nMichigan.\n Don Riegle has brought a passion to the Senate that has expressed\nitself in the truest principles of the Democratic Party. He has sought\na Government that works better and is more responsive to people, while\nreminding all of us that Government is there for every American.\n I will miss Don, Laurie, Ashley, and their newest daughter, Allison.\nMarcelle and I are so glad to be godparents of Ashley, but we are\nespecially proud to be friends of Don, Laurie, and of the whole\nfamily.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS17", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO 2D LT. WAYLAND E. BENNETT", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Dale Bumpers\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO 2D LT. WAYLAND E. BENNETT\n\n Mr. BUMPERS. Mr. President, on September 16, 1994, the\ncitizens of Texarkana, AR, and Texarkana, TX, honored the memory of 2d\nLt. Wayland E. Bennett.\n Lieutenant Bennett served in the Armed Forces in the South Pacific\nduring World War II as part of the Black Sheep Squadron. This loyal\nmarine's remains had been declared unrecoverable in 1948, but were\nrecovered earlier this year. Lieutenant Bennett was buried with full\nmilitary honors, among the oldest MIA's to be returned.\n Lieutenant Bennett's family has been designated as a ``Gold Star\nFamily'' in the tradition and honor of the World War II conflict.\n I think Lieutenant Bennett's namesake, John Wayland Knox of Austin,\nTX, said it best:\n\n Lieutenant Bennett was not a great man, he was not a war\n hero, his life was cut short. He was killed in the service of\n his country, as so many men have been.\n\n As a marine, I take particular pride in joining in paying tribute to\nthis soldier's memory.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS18", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO DONALD J. ``COOTIE'' MASTERS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Larry Pressler\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO DONALD J. ``COOTIE'' MASTERS\n\n Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. President, there are thousands of weekly\nnewspaper editors in the United States. I have met many of them in my\nhome State of South Dakota. These editors contribute more than\npublishing the community paper. Few of the ones whom I have had the\nprivilege of knowing have contributed more or had a greater impact on\nme than my hometown paper's editor and publisher, Donald J. ``Cootie''\nMasters.\n More than the publisher of the Humboldt Journal and a leader in our\ncommunity, Cootie Masters was a true South Dakotan. He took great pride\nin his work, his family, his community, and his faith. As the editor of\nour local newspaper, Cootie was part of the lives of thousands of South\nDakotans. I don't know whether Cootie ever really understood his\npositive impact on us. He was an example and inspiration to many South\nDakotans.\n Cootie had a great impact on my life. He had been a member of the\nState legislature. He was a man of letters. He was a mentor of mine in\nmany ways. I always kept in touch with him, even when I was serving in\nVietnam, studying at Harvard Law School, and later at Oxford University\nas a Rhodes scholar. At my swearing-in ceremony to the U.S. Senate,\nheld at the Humboldt High School gym, Cootie was the master of\nceremonies.\n Cootie passed away in October. I want to take this opportunity to pay\ntribute to him.\n Cootie was born on July 7, 1906. He spent his life in Humboldt near\nthe farm where I grew up. His Humboldt upbringing and strong family\nties instilled in him a deep respect for traditional values. He\ngraduated from Humboldt High School in 1924 and went on to attend the\nUniversity of South Dakota. In 1924, it was quite an accomplishment for\na young student from a small town to attend college. This was to be\nonly the beginning of Cootie's many accomplishments.\n In addition to his studies at the University of South Dakota, Cootie\nparticipated in basketball and became a fraternity brother in Delta Tau\nDelta. He demonstrated at a young age the importance of life of social\ninvolvement and a balance between intellectual and physical pursuits.\n After Cootie graduated from college, he became involved in the family\nbusiness. His father owned and operated the Humboldt Journal and began\npassing on his business knowledge to Cootie. Cootie's father died\nsuddenly in 1936, leaving Cootie as the sole owner and editor of the\nJournal. Anyone in family business will tell you that the successful\npassing on of a family business to the next generation is much more\ndifficult than most people think. Cootie was not only successful at\ntaking over the Journal in 1936, he was successful in operating it\nuntil well after his retirement.\n Cootie's life involved much more than his newspaper work. He\ncontributed to the whole State of South Dakota by serving in the\nlegislature as a representative from Minnehaha County from 1936 to\n1941.\n Cootie balanced his successful business and political career with\ndevotion to his family and friends. On June 12, 1933, Cootie married\nMildred Newton. Cootie and Mildred had three sons: Neal, Tom, and Bob.\nToday, the Masters family includes 7 grandchildren and 11 great\ngrandchildren. I know Cootie considered his family to be the most\nprecious blessing in his life.\n Aside from his children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren, what\nmay have kept Cootie young for so long was his robust enjoyment of\nlife. After college, he continued to participate in baseball and\nbasketball. An avid sportsman, Cootie enjoyed fishing and hunting. He\ncertainly picked the right State to enjoy the great outdoors.\n What is most impressive about Cootie is that with all of his public\nactivities, he was always described as a man without an enemy.\n Cootie was a true friend to me, to our community, and to our State. I\nalways will remember him fondly.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS19", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO SENATOR MITCHELL", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Patrick J. Leahy\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO SENATOR MITCHELL\n\n Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, in my 20 years in the Senate, I have\nhad the honor to serve with a number of exceptional majority leaders.\nThey have included Senators Mike Mansfield of Montana; Robert Byrd, of\nWest Virginia; Howard Baker, of Tennessee; Bob Dole, of Kansas; and in\nthe past several Congresses, with my good friend, George Mitchell, of\nMaine.\n Each of the majority leaders has brought their individual strengths\nto the Senate and each have contributed to the good of our great\ncountry. I must note though my special appreciation and friendship for\nmy New England neighbor, George Mitchell.\n I worked as closely with him as anybody in the Senate and I have seen\nhim in the most difficult of times, always maintaining his judicial\ncomposure as he has brought parties together for the good of the\ncountry, and to uphold the promise of the U.S. Senate.\n I have often said that the U.S. Senate should be the conscience of\nthe Nation, and on those occasions when it has achieved that it has\nbeen because of George Mitchell, and people of his nature. I have never\nheard Senator Mitchell advance a cause for his own personal benefit or\nglory, but always for what is best in this country.\n Many have spoken of his humble background in Maine, but I think more\nof all that he has done to make it possible for someone of that\nbackground to achieve whatever they are willing to work for in our\ncountry. It will not be the same Senate without him, and I know my own\nviews toward the Senate will be different absent his leadership.\n I do cherish the fact that I had this chance to serve with\nhim.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS2", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER\n\n Office of the Republican Leader,\n\n U.S. House of Representatives,\n\n Washington, DC, November 30, 1994.\n Hon. Thomas S. Foley,\n Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives,\n Washington, DC.\n Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to section 604 of Public Law\n 103-394, I hereby appoint the following individual to serve\n as a member on the National Bankruptcy Review Commission:\n M. Caldwell Butler of Roanoke, VA.\n Sincerely,\n Bob Michel,\n Republican Leader.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS20", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "URUGUAY ROUND ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING PROVISIONS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Bob Packwood\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n URUGUAY ROUND ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING PROVISIONS\n\n Mr. PACKWOOD. Mr. President, I would like to provide further\nclarification of the antidumping and countervailing duty provisions\ncontained in title II of H.R. 5110, the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.\n Evaluation of industry support: Section 212 establishes procedures\nfor determining industry support and provides conditions under which\nthe petition may establish adequate support. Section 212 provides that\nthe International Trade Commission may, in appropriate circumstances,\nexclude a domestic producer of a like product from the industry where\nthe producer is itself related to exporters or importers. As a general\nrule, Commerce should not include as members of the domestic industry\nthose domestic producers who oppose the petition, but are related to\nexporters, unless such producers demonstrate that their interests as\ndomestic producers would be adversely affected by the imposition of an\norder. It is expected that related domestic producers must demonstrate\nto the Commerce Department how an order resulting from an investigation\nwould adversely affect their interests, for example, by showing that\ntheir domestic production operations would be damaged.\n Captive production: Section 222 of H.R. 5110 provides for the\ntreatment of captive production in an injury inquiry. It is expected\nthat the Commission, in implementing the captive production provision,\nwill fully comply with articles 3.5 and 4.1 of the antidumping\nagreement and articles 15.5 and 16.1 of the subsidies agreement, which\nrequire a finding that the dumped or subsidized imports are causing\nmaterial injury to the domestic industry as a whole. It is my\nunderstanding that, when examining a captive production situation, the\nCommission will focus primarily, but not exclusively, on the factors\nprovided in the legislation. However, the captive production provision\ndoes not limit the Commission to analyzing the merchant market, and an\naffirmative injury finding not based on an analysis of the industry as\na whole, including captive production, would be inconsistent with the\nagreement. In addition, to the extent the Commission focuses its\ninquiry on noncaptive production in the domestic industry, it must also\nfocus on noncaptive imports. It is expected that the Commission will\napply the same criteria in its determination of whether to focus\nprimarily on noncaptive imports as it applies in its determination of\nwhether to focus primarily on noncaptive domestic production.\n Negligible imports: In preliminary determinations, section 212 of the\nnew legislation requires the Commission to base its finding on a\ndetermination whether there is a reasonable indication that imports are\nnot negligible. It is expected that the Commission will, when\nnecessary, use reasonable estimates when calculating import volumes. It\nis further expected that the Commission will normally terminate an\ninvestigation when import levels are below the statutory threshold,\nexcept when import volumes are extremely close to the statutory\nthreshold and reliable data obtained in a final investigation\nestablishes that imports exceed the statutory threshold.\n\n Sunset reviews: Section 220 of the legislation establishes that\nCommerce and the Commission will make their determinations concerning\ntermination of an order based on the facts available if responses by\nthe parties are inadequate. In judging the adequacy of responses, it is\nexpected that Commerce and the Commission shall apply the same standard\nas that applied in other contexts of the antidumping and countervailing\nduty laws, such as Commerce's use of best information available.\n Article 11.3 of the Antidumping Agreement permits antidumping duties\nto remain in force pending the outcome of a sunset review, even if the\nreview is not completed until after the 5-year deadline. The agreement\nthus authorizes the continued collection of duty deposits, but only up\nto the point that a sunset determination is made to revoke the order.\nIn order to comply with our agreement obligations in cases where the\ndetermination is made to revoke the order, it is expected that,\npursuant to section 751(d)(3), Commerce will determine that the\nrevocation will apply to entries on or after the date of the 5-year\nanniversary, and that Commerce will direct Customs to refund\nantidumping duty deposits on merchandise entered after the 5-year\nanniversary of the order.\n Section 221 of H.R. 5110 states that the Commission, in making its\nsunset determination, ``shall consider that the effects of revocation\nmay not be imminent, but may manifest themselves only over a longer\nperiod of time.'' Although a sunset review is necessarily prospective\nin nature, it is not intended that Commerce or the Commission use this\nfact to extend orders indefinitely. It is not expected that the\nCommission will find that injury is likely to continue or recur based\non uncertainty over the possible conditions at a point in time well\nbeyond the time of the determination. It is expected that the order\nwill be extended only in those cases where there is substantial\nevidence on the record that material injury is likely to continue or\nrecur within a reasonable period of time.\n Consideration of duty absorption in sunset reviews: Section 221 and\n222 of H.R. 5110 provide for Commerce and the Commission to consider\nthe issue of duty absorption. It is expected that before initiating a\nduty absorption inquiry, Commerce shall ensure that there is a\nreasonable basis to believe that duty absorption has occurred. The\nStatement of Administrative Action makes clear that ``during the\nadministrative review initiated 2 or 4 years after the issuance of an\norder, Commerce will examine, if requested, whether absorption has\ntaken place by reviewing the data on the volume of dumped imports and\ndumping margins.'' Therefore, Commerce's inquiry will result in either\nan affirmative or negative finding of duty absorption. Nothing in the\nStatement of Administrative Action or legislative language provides\nthat Commerce would determine or compute the extent of duty absorption,\nor the magnitude of duty absorption. Therefore, it is expected that\nCommerce will not quantify the level of duty absorption, and that an\naffirmative finding will have no effect on the dumping margins\ncalculated. In making its determination, Commerce should give less\nprobative weight to dumping margins and data based on best information\navailable, as these may be a poor indicator of whether a company is\nactually absorbing duties.\n\n Commerce will notify the International Trade Commission of its\nfindings made during the 4-year review. An examination of duty\nabsorption in the second-year review is intended only to have a\ndeterrent effect on continued duty absorption by affiliated importers.\nThe Commission should take these findings into account in determining\nthe likelihood of continuation or recurrence of material injury in the\nsunset review. It is expected that the Commission will not consider\nduty absorption to the exclusion of other statutory factors. Further,\nit is expected that the weight accorded by the Commission to Commerce's\nduty absorption finding will depend on the extent to which it bears on\nthe issue of the likelihood of continuation or recurrence of material\ninjury in light of the facts of each case.\n Finally, the duty absorption provision does not permit the treatment\nof antidumping duties as a cost to be deducted from the U.S. price. The\ntreatment of antidumping duties as a cost has been repeatedly rejected\nby Commerce and U.S. reviewing courts. Moreover, in the U.S.\nretrospective duty assessment system, treatment of duties as a cost\nwould violate the Uruguay Round Antidumping Agreement, result in the\nover-assessment of antidumping duties, and serve as a disincentive to\ninvestment in the United States.\n Basis for determination of threat of injury: Article 3.7 of the\nAntidumping Agreement, regarding the determination of threat of\nmaterial injury, is unchanged from the 1979 Antidumping Code. It is\nexpected that, as provided in the Statement of Administrative Action at\npage 184, the Commission's practice in threat determinations will\nremain unchanged from current practice. As noted in the Statement of\nAdministrative Action, revision of the threat language of the statute\nin section 771(7)(F)(ii) in no way changes Commission practice or\njudicial interpretations of the statute.\n Export price and constructed export price definitions: The Statement\nof Administrative Action at page 152 states that the change in\nterminology from ``purchase price'' and ``exporter's sales price'' to\n``export price'' and ``constructed export price'' will in no way change\nthe criteria now used to categorize U.S. sales as one or the other.\nCommerce's decisions will be monitored closely to ensure that no change\nis, in fact, made in the Department's methodology for categorizing U.S.\nsales.\n Reimbursement of antidumping duties: The Statement of Administrative\nAction expresses the administration's intent to continue to apply, when\nappropriate, the current regulation (19 CFR 353.26) providing for\nantidumping duties to be increased when Commerce finds that an exporter\nhas directly paid the antidumping duties due, or has reimbursed the\nimporter for the importer's payment of the antidumping duties. The\nlegislation makes no change in this regulation. It is not intended that\nthis provision be extended to apply to countervailing duties.\nCountervailing duties differ from antidumping duties, and it is not\nintended that Commerce will deduct countervailing duties from export\nprice or constructed export price when calculating the margin of\ndumping.\n Constructed export price profit deduction: Section 223 of H.R. 5110\nprovides for a deduction of profit from constructed export price. The\ndeduction is to be calculated based on the total profit realized on all\nsales of the subject merchandise in the U.S. market and the foreign\nlike product in the foreign market. It is expected that the total\nprofit will be equal to the sum of the profit realized in the home\nmarket--or the third country market--and the profit realized in the\nUnited States. If the sum is equal to zero or less, no profit will be\ndeducted from constructed export price.\n Fair comparison/normal value adjustments: Section 224 of H.R. 5110\nimplements the requirement in antidumping agreement article 2.4 that\n``a fair comparison shall be made between export price and normal\nvalue.'' It is expected that Commerce will ensure a fair, apples-to-\napples comparison is made in all cases. In particular, a fair\ncomparison requires that, as a general rule, normal value shall be\nadjusted for the same costs and expenses for which adjustments are made\nto the export price or constructed export price. For example, when U.S.\nprice is based on constructed export price, it is expected that\nCommerce will make either a level of trade adjustment or a constructed\nexport price offset adjustment to normal value.\n In measuring the effect on price comparability and interpreting the\nstatutory requirement that a pattern of consistent price differences be\nshown, it is expected that Commerce will follow the Statement of\nAdministrative Action, which states that ``while the pattern of pricing\nat the two levels of trade under section 773(a)(7)(A) must be\ndifferent, the prices at the levels need not be mutually exclusive;\nthere may be some overlap between prices at the different levels of\ntrade.''\n Initiation of cost investigations in reviews: As noted in the\nStatement of Administrative Action, page 163, section 224 amends\nsection 773(b) to provide that Commerce must have reasonable grounds to\ninitiate a cost of production investigation in an administrative\nreview, if Commerce excluded below-cost sales of a particular exporter\nor producer from the determination of normal value ``in the most\nrecently completed segment of the antidumping proceeding.'' Thus, in an\nadministrative review, Commerce may initiate a cost investigation if it\nhas excluded below cost sales in the most recently completed\nadministrative review, or, if no review has been completed, in the\noriginal investigation.\n\n Anticircumvention: Section 230 of H.R. 5110 amends the\nanticircumvention provision\nof the law, which currently provides for a test of whether the\ndifference between the value of parts imported from the subject country\nand the value of the finished product is small. The legislation\nreplaces this test with two inquiries: Whether minor or insignificant\nassembly or completion is occurring in the United States or the third\ncountry, and whether the value of parts imported to the United States\nor third country from the country subject to the order is a significant\nproportion of the total value of the finished product. The structure of\nthe statute is based on the anticircumvention provisions of the Dunkel\nText. It is expected that Commerce will adhere to the statutory\nrequirement that the value of the parts is a significant proportion of\nthe value of the finished product.\n It is expected that Commerce will not interpret these criteria such\nthat the value added in the United States becomes the essential\ndeterminant of whether circumvention is occurring. The\nanticircumvention rules must not operate as a domestic content rule, or\nas a critical component rule. Moreover, in order to comply with the\nantidumping agreement and article VI of the GATT 1994, Commerce must\nonly apply antidumping duties to merchandise for which a final\ndetermination of dumping and injury has been made.\n Startup costs: Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the adjustment for\nstartup operations provided for in article 2.2.1.1 of the antidumping\nagreement. This provision was one of the agreement's most important\naccomplishments on behalf of U.S. exports, in particular, high-\ntechnology exports. Commerce must not undercut this accomplishment by\nprematurely ending the startup period or by limiting the startup\nadjustment. It is expected that Commerce will determine the startup\nperiod to end at the point at which commercial production levels\ncharacteristic of the product, producer or industry under investigation\nare achieved, based on production of merchandise of quality levels\nsufficient for sale.\n Short supply: Imports of merchandise not produced in the United\nStates cannot injure a U.S. petitioning industry. On the other hand,\nantidumping duties on such imports may in some circumstances injure\ndomestic users of those products. The administration has stated that\nthere are mechanisms under current law to address short supply\nsituations. Specifically, the fact that a product is not being produced\nin the United States should be reflected in the Commission's\ndetermination of whether the imports are a cause of injury to the\ndomestic industry. That is, if petitioning companies are not producing\na competing product, there will be no adverse effect with respect to\nthe imported merchandise, and the Commission must take this into\naccount in its injury determination. After an order is in effect,\nCommerce has the authority to declare a product outside the scope of an\norder if it has substantially different characteristics or uses than\nthe subject merchandise, or if it is unclear whether the order included\nthe specific product. It is expected that Commerce and the Commission\nwill actively use their existing authority to address short supply\nsituations. It is expected that Commerce and the Commission will also\nuse this authority at the time of the sunset review, and will revoke\nthe order with respect to merchandise not available from domestic\nsources.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS21", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO SENATOR SASSER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Patrick J. Leahy\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO SENATOR SASSER\n\n Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, my good friend, Jim Sasser, with\nwhom I have served for 18 years will not be with us in the new\nCongress. I regret this not only for the good of the Senate, but for\nthe country itself. In 20 years in the Senate I rarely have seen\nanybody who can match his abilities as a legislator, nor his\nconscientious service as chairman of the Senate Budget Committee.\n I recall during the early 1980's when the Budget Committee was\nwilling to close a blind eye to the danger of Reaganomics and instead\nanswered the popular Siren call of huge tax cuts, huge defense\nbuildups, with a promise of a balanced budget. Instead because the\nBudget Committee did not stand up and do its part, our country saw our\nnational debt nearly quadruple in one decade. Our children, and our\nchildren's children, will pay for this folly.\n By contract, Senator Sasser showed great strength and courage as\nBudget chairman, refusing to accept half-baked measures to bring down\nthe budget deficit, and instead made us all stand up and face the tough\nvotes. As a result, we have seen the deficit come down now 2 years in a\nrow, with a third on track. Much of the ability in the past couple of\nyears to actually see a lowering of the deficit is due to the courage\nand leadership of Jim Sasser. I applaud him and I will miss\nhim.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS22", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "IT'S OK TO BE DIFFERENT", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Paul Simon\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IT'S OK TO BE DIFFERENT\n\n Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, during the recess I read the column\nin Newsweek magazine under the title, ``It's OK To Be Different,''\nwritten by a high school sophomore from Wayzata High School in\nPlymouth, MN. She is Angie Erickson, and the people of Plymouth, MN,\nought to be very proud to have someone like Angie Erickson in their\ncommunity.\n She writes about living with a disability.\n I read a booklet written for children about ``being different.'' As\nfine as that booklet is, Angie Erickson's simply relating of what life\nhas been like for her is powerful.\n I ask that the article be printed in the Record.\n The article follows:\n\n [From Newsweek, Oct. 24, 1994]\n\n It's OK To Be Different\n\n stop making fun of my disability\n\n (By Angie Erickson)\n\n Why me? I often ask myself, why did I have to be the one?\n Why did I get picked to be different? Why are people mean to\n me and always treating me differently? These are the kinds of\n questions that I used to ask myself. It took more than 10\n years for me to find answers and realize taht I'm not more\n different than anyone else.\n I was born on June 29, 1978. Along with me came my twin\n sister. Stephanie. She was born with no birth defects, but I\n was born with cerebral palsy. For me, CP made it so I shake a\n little; when my sister began to walk, I couldn't. The doctors\n knew it was a minor case of cerebral palsy. But they didn't\n know if I'd ever walk straight or do things that other kids\n my age could do.\n At first my disability did not bother me, because when\n you're a toddler, you do things that are really easy. When it\n took me a little longer to play yard games, because I\n couldn't run that well, my friends just thought I was slow.\n My disability was noticed when other children were learning\n how to write and I couldn't. Kids I thought were my friends\n started to stay away from me because they said I was\n different. Classmates began commenting on my speech. They\n said I talked really weird. Every time someone was mean to\n me, I would start to cry and I would always blame myself for\n being different.\n People thought I was stupid because it was hard for me to\n write my own name. So when I was the only one in the class to\n use a typewriter, I began to feel I was different. It got\n worse when the third graders moved on to fourth grade and I\n had to stay behind. I got held back because the teachers\n thought I'd be unable to type fast enough to keep up. Kids\n told me that was a lie and the reason I got held back was\n because I was a retard. It really hurt to be teased by those\n I thought were my friends.\n After putting up with everyone making fun of me and me\n crying about it, I started sticking up for myself when I was\n 10, in fourth grade. I realized if I wanted them to stop, I\n would have to be the person who made them stop. I finally\n found out who my real friends were, and I tried to ignore the\n ones who were mean. Instead of constantly thinking about the\n things I couldn't do, I tried to think about the things I\n could do, and it helped others, and myself, understand who I\n really was. When there was something I couldn't do, such as\n play Pictionary, I sat and I watched or I would go find\n something else to do. A few people still called me names and\n made fun of me, but after a while, when they saw they didn't\n get a reaction, they quit, because it wasn't fun anymore.\n What they didn't know was that it did still hurt me. It hurt\n me. It hurt me a lot more than they could ever imagine.\n When I was 12, my family moved. I kept this fairy tale in\n my head that, at my next school, no one would be mean to me\n or would see that I had a disability. I'd always wished I\n could be someone other than myself. I found out the hard way\n that I wasn't going to change, that I'd never be able to\n write and run with no problems. When kids in my new school\n found out that I couldn't write and my talking and walking\n were out of the ordinary, they started making fun of me. They\n never took time to know me.\n Everything went back to the way it was before. I went back\n to blaming myself and thinking that, since I was different,\n I'd never fit in. I would cry all the time, because it was so\n hard for me to make friends again. I didn't know whether I\n should trust anyone--I thought that if people knew that I had\n a disability they would not like me anymore. It took me a\n long time to understand that I had to return to to not caring\n about what other people say.\n People make fun of others because of insecurity. They have\n to show off to feel better about themselves. When a person\n made fun of me everyone thought it was just a big joke. After\n a while I just started laughing along with them or walking\n away. It really made some kids mad that they weren't getting\n any reaction out of me. Yeah, it still hurt a lot. I wanted\n to break down and start crying right then and there, but I\n knew I didn't want them to get their pleasure out of my hurt\n feelings. I couldn't cry.\n I still get really frustrated when I can't do certain\n things, and I probably always will. I thought I should give\n people a better chance to get to know me, but I knew that I\n would probably get hurt. I never thought that anyone would\n want to be friends with somebody who had cerebral palsy. At\n times I have trouble dealing with kids making fun of me, but\n these are people who need help figuring out things in life\n and need to be treated better themselves. Maybe then they'll\n treat others the same. They look disappointed when I walk\n away or laugh when they try to make fun of me. Perhaps\n they're hurting more than I am.\n It took a lot of willpower on my part and a lot of love\n from family and friends to get where I am today. I learned\n that no one was to blame for my disability. I realize that I\n can do things and I can do them very well. Some things I\n can't do, like taking my own notes in class or running in a\n race, but I will have to live with that. At 16, I believe\n I've learned more than many people will learn in their whole\n lives. I have worked out that some people are just mean\n because they're afraid of being nice. They try to prove to\n themselves and others that they are cool, but, sooner or\n later, they're going to wish they hadn't said some of those\n hurtful things. A lot of people will go through life being\n mean to those with disabilities because they don't know how\n to act or what to say to them--they feel awkward with someone\n who's different.\n Parents need to teach their children that it's all right to\n be different and it's all right to be friends with those who\n are. Some think that the disabled should be treated like\n little kids for the rest of their lives. They presume we\n don't need love and friends, but our needs are the same as\n every other human being's.\n There are times when I wish I hadn't been born with\n cerebral palsy, but crying about it isn't going to do me any\n good. I can only live once, so I want to live the best I can.\n I am glad I learned who I am and what I am capable of doing.\n I am happy with who I am. Nobody else could be the Angela\n Marie Erickson who is writing this. I could never be, or ever\n want to be, anyone else.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS23", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO SENATOR HARRIS WOFFORD", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Howell Heflin\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO SENATOR HARRIS WOFFORD\n\n Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, during his relatively brief time in\nthe Senate, our distinguished colleague Harris Wofford emerged as one\nof this body's most respected Members. His insight and leadership on a\nwide range of issues inspired both sides of the aisle, and reminded us\ndaily of our responsibility to represent our States in pursuit of the\nnational interest. His historic experience as a Kennedy administration\nofficial, a civil rights leader, and academician added immeasurably to\nthe unique environment we have in the Senate.\n Harris' dramatic upset victory in a special election in the fall of\n1991 demonstrated to the Nation that the public truly was ready to put\nits domestic house in order, and to truly concentrate on pressing needs\nlike health care reform and the budget deficit reduction. His triumph\ngave Democrats renewed confidence, and set the tone early for the\ncampaign that followed. For his perseverance, stamina, political\nacumen, and grit, we owe him our thanks and gratitude.\n Harris Wofford served his constituents and this body well for 3\\1/2\\\nyears. He is deeply admired and greatly appreciated.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS24", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TURKEY'S CONFIDENT LEADER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Paul Simon\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TURKEY'S CONFIDENT LEADER\n\n Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, recently, Lally Weymouth had an op-\ned piece in the Washington Post about Turkey's remarkable prime\nminister.\n It is a great tribute to her.\n The political storms are not easy to weather in Turkey, but one of\nthe things that our friends in Turkey must understand is that an\nimproved relationship with the United States, and much of Western\nEurope, is in the interest of all of us. But it is not likely to happen\nuntil Turkey faces up to the Cyprus question and the Armenia question.\n I recognize that is easy for a politician of the United States to\nsay, and not easy for a political leader in Turkey to say because of\nthe decades of emotion on these issues.\n But if the people in the Middle East can get together, even though it\nis not all smooth, and if the people in Northern Ireland can get\ntogether, then it seems to me, the Turks, the Greeks, and the Armenians\nought to be able to work out a better relationship than the one they\nnow have, and that is in the interest of all parties.\n I ask the Lally Weymouth column be printed in the Congressional\nRecord.\n The column follows:\n\n [From the Washington Post, Nov. 23, 1994]\n\n Turkey's Confident Leader\n\n (By Lally Weymouth)\n\n Istanbul.--In a country where a radical Islamist party is\n growing in strength, and increasingly women are seen on the\n streets of major cities wearing the chador, the prime\n minister is a decidedly modern woman who has surprised the\n experts with her staying power. From the day 48-year-old\n Tansu Ciller came to power little over a year ago, analysts\n have been predicting the fall of her coalition. So far,\n however, she has managed to prove them wrong.\n It remains true, however, that virtually every move Ciller\n makes is controversial. Some Turks criticize her as a\n disorganized novice; she's an academic-turned-prime-minster.\n Others say she has failed to deal with Turkey's economic\n crisis; inflation this year is running at 116 percent, and\n the growth rates is negative.\n Yet the prime minister appears cool and unflappable as she\n steps out of a helicopter in Istanbul and enters her palace\n to talk about Turkey's problems.\n For one thing, Turkey's relationship with Washington has\n deteriorated in the post-Cold War era. Meanwhile, Ciller has\n many soldiers deployed fighting terrorists in the southeast\n of Turkey. On the domestic front, she's engaged in an effort\n to reschedule a by-election for some national assembly seats,\n a vote originally scheduled for early December. Experts have\n been predicting that Ciller's party wouldn't fare well in\n these elections, since the majority of seats at stake are\n located in southeast Turkey, where the fundamentalist\n ``Welfare Party'' is strong.\n Ciller, however, says confidently, ``We are the majority\n party in the parliament . . . and I think we'll increase that\n majority. . . . We're going to do much better than ANAP [the\n other right-of-center party.] . . . I'm secular and\n democratic and progressive and this is what people want.''\n The central threat to Ciller's party and to all mainstream\n Turkish parties is the radical Islamist ``Welfare Party.''\n The prime minister nevertheless plays down the fundamentalist\n threat, claiming that the fundamentalists have only 15 or 16\n percent of the vote, Indeed, she argues that their core vote\n is even smaller than that; she believes that Welfare attracts\n a considerable number of protest voters who are reacting to\n Turkey's economic problems.\n Shouldn't her party (the True Path) merge with the other\n right-of-center party (the Motherland Party)--to offer voters\n a united front against the fundamentalists? Ciller, who has\n acquired a populist touch, strikes out at the Motherland\n Party, calling it elitist, ``the product of the military\n coup. They had contacts [only] with the upper class,'' says\n Ciller, claiming that her True Path Party ``represents the\n peasants and small businessmen, the artisans and free\n traders--the private sector.'' In the next elections, she\n predicts, Turkish voters will opt for one party, and ``very\n likely it's going to be me and my party they will choose.''\n As Ciller sees it, she's faced with two major problems: an\n economic crisis and a terror threat. In the economic realm,\n she's trying to privatize the state sector: ``I'm for a free\n market economy. . . but we've had problems in the economy\n because the government sector was so big. The government is\n in finance, in banking, in manufacture--everywhere.''\n As for terrorism, when Ciller became prime minister, the\n Syrian-sponsored PKK terrorists controlled large areas of\n southeast Turkey. Although she and other Turkish officials\n have not noticed any dropoff in Syrian support for the terror\n group, Ciller says she has used her army to regain control\n over much of the southeast. The prime minister says\n confidently that factories and schools are open again after\n having been closed for six years. ``Life is going back to\n normal. . . and I did it in one year,'' she said. ``We still\n have problems, but it's a big step in the right direction.''\n Her government has been criticized for the harsh methods\n used by the army in fighting the PKK, but Ciller claims she\n had no choice: ``The fight was not against people living in\n the southeast [but] against the PKK who were killing the\n Kurdish and Turkish people without discrimination.''\n Turning to foreign affairs, Ciller notes that Turkey was a\n faithful U.S. ally during the Cold War, and cooperated with\n the United States and its allies in prosecuting the gulf war,\n shutting down an oil pipeline from Iraq that had produced\n large revenues for Turkey, thus causing economic hardship.\n Recently, when Saddam marched toward Kuwait, Ciller said\n she told President Clinton that ``we back the U.S. 100\n percent and that I would provide any help the president would\n ask.''\n Yet she hesitates when it comes to the question of renewing\n ``Operation Provide Comfort''--the program started by the\n United States and the international community to aid the\n Kurds in northern Iraq. ``My people have hesitations about\n Provide Comfort because they feel it might help separate\n northern Iraq from the rest of the country,'' she said. ``We\n feel the territorial integrity of Iraq should be\n maintained.''\n Ciller has endeavored to warn Washington about Russia's\n aggressive posture. ``We know what is going on there . . .\n and we cannot close our eyes to the fact . . . that there are\n forces within Russia who want to go back to the old empire,\n to the old ways. . . . Aggression should be stopped--be it in\n Bosnia, in Azerbaijan or Kuwait.''\n Tansu Ciller is looking to the future. She plans to guide\n Turkey into the Customs Union of the European Union. Then,\n she wants Turkey to play some role in the Middle East peace\n process. Moreover, she wants to aid the Turkic Republics of\n the former Soviet Union emerge into independence.\n But, says the prime minister, ``we need help.'' She does;\n she also deserves it.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS25", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO SENATOR JAMES SASSER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Howell Heflin\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO SENATOR JAMES SASSER\n\n Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, Jim Sasser's departure from the\nSenate next year will leave a void that will prove difficult, if not\nimpossible to fill.\n Jim is a product of a classic Tennessee Democratic background. His\nfather was an agriculture official who moved all over the rural areas\nof the State working on government programs. He went to law school at\nVanderbilt and practiced in Nashville. He became active in politics in\n1972, when he was named to head the Tennessee Democratic Party. He was\nelected to the Senate just 4 years later, and soon emerged as an expert\non floor procedure and budget issues. He leaves as one of our most\nrespected colleagues.\n Over the years Jim kept in touch with Tennesseans by visiting each of\nthe State's 95 counties once a year, hiking through the Cherokee\nNational Forest to see how much timber is harvested, and boating over\nKentucky Lake to see how the fish are affected by water pollution. His\ncareer was a lesson in how to successfully pay attention to the\nspecific concerns of the people we represent, while at the same time\nserving as a strong national leader. His vision will be missed by his\ncolleagues who remain in the Senate, but we hope to see him in other\nleadership positions in the future.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS26", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "STARVING THE POOR", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Paul Simon\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n STARVING THE POOR\n\n Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, while the editorial ``Starving the\nPoor'' appeared in the New York Times some weeks ago, what it says is\nstill pertinent.\n We should not continue to be the only modern industrial nation with a\nhigh percentage of our people in poverty.\n It is not an act of God, but the result of flawed political policies.\nAnd my fear is we may compound our problems.\n I ask that the editorial be printed in the Record.\n The editorial follows:\n\n [From the New York Times, Nov. 24, 1994]\n\n Starving the Poor\n\n The poor, particularly at election time, are routinely\n demonized for political gain. Their exploitation in this way\n has brought us to a cruel place in the political landscape, a\n place where Americans--conservative, moderate and liberal--\n are finding it frighteningly easy to blame the poor for their\n own fate, even though that means condemning millions of\n children to poverty, hunger and hopelessness.\n Given the savagery of the climate, it is useful to note\n what the Roman Catholic Church is saying in response. The\n church, through its efforts to feed and house America's poor,\n is intimately familiar with the problem of poverty. Of late\n the church's most compelling voice has been that of the\n Archbishop of New York, John Cardinal O'Connor, who last\n month lashed out at politicians who caricature the poor for\n political benefit. Cardinal O'Connor's observations last\n month in his column, published in the newspaper Catholic New\n York, merit extensive quotation:\n ``Cuts in serving the poor are the cuts most vehemently\n demanded and most popularly accepted because the poor have\n been so grossly caricatured, easy to blame, easy to hate.''\n He continued: ```The poor are poor because they want to be\n poor,' because `they don't want to work'. . . .: such are the\n cliches by which the poor can starve to death. . . . Will we\n be proud of ourselves to know that we have saved money on the\n bellies of the starving? Will we ease our consciences by\n asking with Scrooge, `Are there no prisons? Are there no\n workhouses?'''\n About the cruel stereotyping of the poor, the Cardinal\n said: ``It is increasingly rare for many of us . . . to\n believe that people can be poor, but honest, poor, but\n deserving of respect. Poverty is no longer blamed on anyone\n but the poor themselves. Contempt for the poor has become a\n virtue.''\n These views were underscored last week at the National\n Conference of Catholic Bishops, meeting in Washington. Its\n president, Archbishop William H. Keeler of Baltimore, warned\n against ``punitive welfare provisions'' that would destroy\n fragile families and bury children deeper in poverty.\n Archbishop Keeler said the bishops' opposition to such\n cruelty was not partisan, but based on the church's teachings\n about ``the dignity of life.'' He put the church squarely on\n the side of the vulnerable.\n By all means, reform the welfare system, end the cycle of\n dependency, put able-bodied people to work. But politicians\n also need to remember that the country has a moral obligation\n to feed and protect those who cannot feed and protect\n themselves. Even trying, we fall short of the mark. If we\n cease to try at all, we inflict needless human suffering, and\n become less of a society as we do.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS27", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO H.A. ALEXANDER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Howell Heflin\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO H.A. ALEXANDER\n\n Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, H.A. Alexander, mayor of the city\nof Moulton, AL, from 1968 to 1988, died on December 1, 1994.\n Mr. Alexander is remembered well for his contributions and sound\nleadership as mayor. During his tenure, he managed to get paved roads\nin Moulton, establish the city's first water treatment facility, and\nput in place its first public water system. He was also instrumental in\nimproving the city's recreational facilities, as demonstrated by the\nyouth softball and baseball complexes and the Deer Run Golf Course.\n Alexander was a veteran of World War II, a teacher and principal at\nSpeake High School, and the owner and operator of Alexander Sales,\nwhich he owned for 22 years.\n H.A. Alexander will be missed greatly by the community of Moulton,\nand by all who knew him.\n My sincerest condolences are extended to Alexander's wife, Olivia\nWilcoxson Alexander, and their entire family during this time of\nsadness.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS28", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "WHY WE HATE GOVERNMENT", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Paul Simon\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n WHY WE HATE GOVERNMENT\n\n Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, a longtime friend of mine, Charles\nKlotzer, publisher of the St. Louis Journalism Review, recently had\nsome observations about the election of November 8, 1994, that I think\nshould be of interest to people of every political persuasion.\n At one point, he hits on what I think is the nub of a problem that we\nhave that goes beyond anyone's politics. He writes:\n\n We have lost compassion. Helping our community has been\n reduced to handing our ineffectual neighborhood breadbaskets.\n The community as a collective is eager to dismantle welfare\n and unemployment programs.\n We reject an egalitarian society which provides equal\n opportunities, substituting a class structure that equates\n value with income. We believe that school districts without\n much property to tax probably deserve no better.\n We resent others. The schism between various ethnic and\n religious groups is growing. We cultivate righteousness at\n the expense of community.\n These trends have been abetted if not promoted by the\n media. Marketing consultants are earning their keep by\n telling the media they can only survive if they offer what is\n popular. Catering to the lowest common denominator of public\n acceptance as most media do, abandons the media's crucial\n function as a wellspring of new and independent ideas.\n The public indoctrination of what government represents\n could never have gotten hold without the media.\n\n Mr. President, I ask the Charles Klotzer editorial/observation, which\nappears under the title, ``Why We Hate Government,'' be printed in the\nRecord.\n The material follows:\n\n ``Why We Hate Government''\n\n (By Charles L. Klotzer)\n\n ``What lies behind the turnover of power,'' asked Robert\n MacNeil when opening that evening's discussion on the\n MacNeil-Lehrer News-hour the day after the elections.\n The common consensus by pollsters, commentators,\n politicians on the media circuit is that voters revolted\n against ``big government'' and against too much control from\n Washington DC. They say the vote was largely propelled by\n fear of crime, by uncertainty about their future, by cynicism\n about programs and officials, elected or appointed, and by\n anger against a leadership symbolized by President Bill\n Clinton.\n Beyond any doubt, the public was out to repudiate\n government. This phenomenon, so the media tells us, was\n evident from the precinct level to the national arena. It was\n not that anyone in particular opposed the rebuilding by\n government of a bridge in disrepair, or the investigation by\n government of an airplane accident, or the investment by\n government of funds to find a cure for cancer. Nevertheless,\n everyone was bitter, be it in their reduced take-home pay,\n their apprehension--well founded or not--of taking walks at\n night, or their unmet expectations in their personal or\n professional lives. Somehow it was all linked to the\n ``failure'' of government.\n The institution of government, more so than the Democratic\n or Republican parties, is suspect. Governmental regulations\n are resented. Paperwork required in dealing with any\n governmental level is always excessive. Officials are\n probably corrupt, and if not corrupt, they are probably lazy.\n If we just could function without governmental interference\n in our daily life, without all the regulations. A poll by the\n Times Mirror Center for the People and the Press found a\n massive, public disaffection among the electorate.\n The electorate is ``angry, self-absorbed and politically\n unanchored,'' were the findings. Frustrations and deep\n skepticism with the political system is rooted ``in their\n struggle with the economic limitations they face.''\n The one question which has not been asked is simply: why\n does the public think that the government is the cause of\n their perceived misery?\n If your wages are too low, wouldn't it be more logical to\n organize and pressure employers to increase benefits?\n If you cannot afford health insurance anymore, wouldn't it\n make more sense to demand that government step in until you\n find another job?\n If you are bothered by crime in your neighborhood, wouldn't\n it be appropriate to ask you local police to provide more\n protection, even if your taxes will go up as a result?\n Some problems, we know, cannot be solved by individuals.\n You need a collective, a government, representing the\n majority of its constituents to address those concerns beyond\n the reach of individuals.\n Rationally, we know we need government.\n Emotionally, we resent government.\n The question is: why?\n It appears that this public attitude has been cultivated,\n nurtured and shaped by all the interests which oppose\n governmental intervention and governmental supervision.\n Environmental laws have hurt some sections of our industry.\n Requirements for a safe work place have not been uniformly\n welcome.\n Reducing the production of weapon systems represents a\n redistribution of economic power.\n Supervision of America's processing facilities and required\n modifications will incur unwelcome expenditures.\n The list is endless.\n All of these interests--hurt in the short term, although\n beneficiaries, like all of us, in the long term--knew that an\n anti-government drive in their own name would be rejected by\n the American public.\n Attacking protective and regulatory legislation in their\n own name would be counterproductive. These interests had to\n convince the public at large that it is in their interest to\n suspect government. And were they successful.\n Their aim went beyond a particular piece of legislation;\n they struck out at government itself, the root cause of their\n discomfort.\n No, these concerted efforts were not due to some conspiracy\n hatched out in secret. No need for that. The self-interest,\n which usually means the bottom line, propelled the economic\n movers and shakers in our country to finance movements,\n politicians, and media campaigns to mold public opinions.\n Ultimately, we all felt that it was our idea in the first\n place.\n The net outcome is not only a change in political power,\n but also attitudinal changes which are much more serious.\n We have lost compassion. Helping our community has been\n reduced to handling our ineffectual neighborhood\n breadbaskets. The community as a collective is eager to\n dismantle welfare and unemployment programs.\n We reject an egalitarian society which provides equal\n opportunities, substituting a class structure that equates\n value with income. We believe that school districts without\n much property to tax probably deserve on better.\n We resent ``others.'' The schism between various ethnic and\n religious groups is growing. We cultivate righteousness at\n the expense of community.\n These trends have been abetted if not promoted by the\n media. Marketing consultants are earning their keep by\n telling the media they can only survive if they offer what is\n popular. Catering to the lowest common denominator of public\n acceptance as most media do, abandons the media's crucial\n function as a wellspring of new and independent areas.\n The public indoctrination of what ``government'' represents\n could not have gotten hold without the media.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS29", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO BEN H. CRAIG", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"Howell Heflin\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO BEN H. CRAIG\n\n Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, Ben H. Craig, former mayor of\nFlorence, AL and 1994 Shoals Chamber of Commerce Small Business Person\nof the Year, died recently at his home after a lengthy illness.\n Ben was known as a true gentleman by those who knew him and by his\nentire community for his contributions to historic preservation and his\ngenerosity to the University of North Alabama.\n His company, B.H. Craig Construction, contributed to many public\nprojects and stands as a tribute to Ben and his betterment of the\ncommunity.\n Ben Craig will be greatly missed by the people of Florence and by all\nthose who knew him personally.\n My sincerest condolences are extended to Ben's wife, Ann Craig, and\ntheir entire family in the wake of this tremendous loss.\n I ask that a news article recounting the life and work of Ben Craig\nbe printed in the Record.\n The article follows:\n\n Former Florence Mayor Ben Craig Dies\n\n (By Lena Mitchell)\n\n Florence.--Former Mayor Ben H. Craig, the 1994 Shoals\n Chamber of Commerce Small Business Person of the Year, died\n Sunday at his residence after a lengthy illness. He was 73.\n Florence and the Shoals lost a builder, historian\n benefactor, former mayor and generally great gentleman, said\n many who were close to him.\n Craig founded B.H. Craig Construction Co. in 1951, and his\n company's work includes Joe Wheeler State Park Resort near\n Rogerville, Turtle Point Yacht and Country Club in Florence,\n the Franklin County Courthouse in Russellville, Bradshaw High\n School in Florence and the Natchez Trace Bridge across the\n Tennessee River.\n His firm was recently named the prime contractor on the\n city's $6.7 million conference center adjacent to Renaissance\n Tower.\n ``He was one of the finest gentlemen in the area, well-\n respected, and will be missed by all of us,'' said architect\n Stan Tomblin. ``We worked together on a number of different\n projects over the years--Eliza Coffee Memorial) Hospital,\n Colbert County Courthouse, and they had just completed the\n renovations for the Florence Police Department.''\n Craig was mayor of Florence from 1966 to 1969 and retired\n Florence Housing Authority director Karl Tyree remembers that\n he not only led a very progressive administration, but left\n his mark on the city in a very personal way.\n ``He was invaluable to us in his progressive thinking,''\n Tyree said. ``He was a mayor at a time when it was very\n important to continue our program when they under attack\n nationally. He really had a wonderful and productive life. He\n was a close friend and very dear to all of us.''\n Craig and his wife, Ann, recently made a gift of $250,000\n to the University of North Alabama to establish an endowment\n in memory of his mother, Emma Vaughn Craig, and grandmother,\n Susan Kirkman Vaughn, and an endowment for the Ben H. Craig\n professorship in geography.\n His firm built Flowers Hall and did renovations on Powers\n Hall, Rogers Hall and the Towers residence halls at UNA.\n University President Robert L. Potts said he was deeply\n saddened by Craig's passing.\n ``Ben Craig was a kind, gentle and generous man,'' Potts\n said. ``He was a true friend of the university who gave\n freely of his time and resources to advance our programs and\n he will be greatly missed by all at the university. He was a\n very special person.''\n Craig was a member of the UNA President's Cabinet, past\n president of the Florence Rotary Club, was named a Paul\n Harris Fellow and was an elder at First Presbyterian Church\n of Florence, where he had also served as a deacon.\n Florence historian William L. McDonald praised Craig's\n commitment to preserving the history of the city and the\n Shoals area.\n ``We shall long remember his as one of our outstanding\n mayors and church and community leaders,'' McDonald said.\n ``Ben has done more for historic preservation then perhaps\n anyone in North Alabama. It was through his expertise, labor\n and love that many of our historic shrines have been rescued\n and preserved for the generations yet to come.''\n Survivors include his wife, Ann Craig, Florence; daughters,\n Landis Williams, Caroline O'Brien, Nancy Marbury, Catherine\n Craig, all of the Shoals area. Margaret Schafer, Houston,\n Texas, Frances Craig, New York, N.Y."], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS3", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER\n\n Office of the Republican Leader,\n\n U.S. House of Representatives,\n\n Washington, DC, December 2, 1994.\n Hon. Thomas S. Foley,\n Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives,\n Washington, DC.\n Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to section 4 of the\n Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 803), I hereby appoint the\n following individuals to serve as members of the\n Congressional Award Board:\n Mr. Thomas A. Campbell of Alexandria, VA and\n Ms. Candice Shy Hooper of Arlington, VA.\n Sincerely,\n Bob Michel,\n Republican Leader.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS4", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER\n\n Office of the Republican Leader,\n\n U.S. House of Representatives,\n\n Washington, DC, December 8, 1994.\n Hon. Thomas S. Foley,\n Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives,\n Washington, DC.\n Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to section 902(a) of Public Law\n 103-359, I hereby appoint the following individuals to serve\n on the Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the United\n States Intelligence Community:\n Representative Porter Goss of Florida and\n Mr. Robert E. Pursley of Stamford, CT.\n Sincerely,\n Bob Michel,\n Republican Leader.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS5", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROB PORTMAN", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROB PORTMAN\n\n Congress of the United States,\n\n U.S. House of Representatives,\n\n Washington, DC, November 30, 1994.\n Hon. Thomas Foley,\n Speaker of the House, H-204 of the Capitol, Washington, DC.\n Dear Mr. Speaker: This is to formally notify you pursuant\n to rule L (50) of the Rules of the House that I have been\n served with a subpoena issued by the United States District\n Court for the Southern District of Ohio for materials related\n to a civil lawsuit.\n After consultation with the General Counsel, I have\n determined that compliance with the subpoena is consistent\n with the privileges and precedents of the House.\n Sincerely,\n Bob Portman,\n Representative.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS6", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE FOLLOWING THE SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT OF THE 103D CONGRESS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE FOLLOWING THE SINE DIE\n ADJOURNMENT OF THE 103D CONGRESS\n\n Office of the Clerk,\n\n U.S. House of Representatives,\n\n Washington, DC, December 2, 1994.\n Hon. Thomas S. Foley,\n The Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC.\n Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to the permission granted in\n clause 5 of rule III of the Rules of the U.S. House of\n Representatives, the Clerk received the following message\n from the Secretary of the Senate on Friday, December 2, 1994\n at 9:55 a.m.: that the Senate passed without amendment H.R.\n 5110.\n With great respect, I am\n Sincerely yours,\n Donnald K. Anderson, Clerk,\n U.S. House of Representatives.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS7", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "ENROLLED BILL SIGNED AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n ENROLLED BILL SIGNED AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT\n\n Mr. ROSE, from the Committee on House Administration, reported that\nthat committee had examined and found truly enrolled a bill of the\nHouse of the following title, which was thereupon signed by the\nSpeaker:\n\n H.R. 5110. An act to approve and implement the trade\n agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral\n trade negotiations.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS8", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "BILL PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", null, "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"5110\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n BILL PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT\n\n Mr. ROSE, from the Committee on House Administration, reported that\nthat committee did on the following date present to the President, for\nhis approval, a bill of the House of the following title:\n\n On December 2, 1994:\n H.R. 5110. An act to approve and implement the trade\n agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral\n trade negotiations.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS9", "1994-12-20", 103, 2, null, null, "REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS", "SENATE", "SENATE", "FRONTMATTER", "S", "S", "[{\"name\": \"William D. Ford\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}, {\"name\": \"Jim McDermott\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}, {\"name\": \"Martin Olav Sabo\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}, {\"name\": \"Sam Gibbons\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}, {\"name\": \"William (Bill) Clay\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. S", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)]\n[Senate]\n[Page S]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: December 20, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS\n\n Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of committees were delivered to\nthe Clerk for printing and reference to the proper calendar, as\nfollows:\n\n [Submitted Tuesday, December 13, 1994]\n\n Mr. FORD of Michigan: Committee on Education and Labor.\n Report of the Activities of the Committee on Education and\n Labor during the 103d Congress (Rept. 103-872). Referred to\n the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union.\n\n [Submitted December 15, 1994]\n\n Mr. McDERMOTT: Committee on Standards of Official Conduct.\n Report of the Summary of Activities of the Committee on\n Standards of Official Conduct during the 103d Congress (Rept.\n 103-873). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the\n State of the Union.\n\n [Submitted December 19, 1994]\n\n Mr. SABO: Committee on the Budget. Activities and Summary\n Report of the Committee on the Budget during the 103d\n Congress (Rept. 103-874). Referred to the Committee of the\n Whole House on the State of the Union.\n Mr. GIBBONS: Committee on Ways and Means. Report on\n legislative review activity during the 103d Congress of the\n Committee on Ways and Means (Rept. 103-875). Referred to the\n Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union.\n Mr. CLAY: Committee on Post Office and Civil Service.\n Report of the Activities of the Committee on Post Office and\n Civil Service during the 103d Congress (Rept. 103-876).\n Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union."], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE231", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "MOVE OVER UNCLE SAM", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Marcy Kaptur\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n MOVE OVER UNCLE SAM\n\n ______\n\n HON. MARCY KAPTUR\n\n of ohio\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, as America prepares to celebrate the 75th\nanniversary of our U.S. Constitution's 19th amendment, the Gamma Alpha\nchapter of Delta Kappa Gamma in Canton, OH, is using the image of the\nU.S. twins Sam and Sami to benefit humanitarian work in Stark County.\nMay they have every success.\n\n Move Over, Uncle Sam, Here Comes Aunt Sami\n\n Aunt Sami wants you.\n Yes, you read that right. Aunt Sami, twin sister of Uncle\n Sam, symbol of the United States of America.\n Aunt Sami is the creation of Marilyn Tullys, a Canton\n teacher who believes there should be gender equality among\n symbols.\n ``What message does Uncle Sam, standing alone, send to each\n new generation of children?'' Tullys said. ``There's\n something left out.''\n Tullys created the Aunt Sami character two years ago and\n has since depicted her on dolls--made in various colors to\n represent different races--and mugs.\n She has shown the dolls and talked about Aunt Sami to\n school groups, women's groups and at the annual Twins\n Festival in Twinsburg.\n Tullys plans to write about her idea to U.S.\n representatives and senators, as well as the president and\n vice president.\n ``The message is really, `In equality, there is liberty,'''\n she said. ``I'm saying that Uncle Sam without Aunt Sami is a\n half-truth that we're representing to children.''\n ____\n\n Beside Each Other\n\n (By Marilyn Tullys)\n\n Uncle Sam--Tall and proud is how I stand. I'm the symbol of\n our land. I'm a picture of a man. Known to all as Uncle Sam.\n Aunt Sami--I am stepping up with you, Wearing red and white\n and blue. Aunt Sami is who I am. Twin sister to Uncle Sam.\n Uncle Sam--I'm an image like a sign. I'm a message for your\n mind; Hearts are touched as people see, I stand for\n Democracy.\n Aunt Sami--Though I've long been out of view, Just a step\n in back of you, Still it's true I also stand, For what makes\n our nation grand.\n Uncle Sam--I've come down through history, An idea of\n liberty; I'm expressing what is meant, By our U.S.\n Government.\n Aunt Sami--What we stand for side by side, Is a country\n taking pride, In the promise to stay free, And promote\n equality.\n Uncle Sam--Now you're in the picture too, A twin symbol\n overdue. Sami, you're a team with me, Showing true EQUALITY.\n Full chorus--A full life we will enjoy, As each girl and\n every body, Gows up knowing we're all free, To be all that we\n can be.\n This presentation for children depicts gender equality as\n Uncle Sam and the twin sister symbol express who they are and\n what they represent.\n It is recommended that as many children as possible express\n the parts of the speaking symbols Sam and Sami. If each child\n speaks a four-line verse, this could involve seven children.\n However, consider assigning each child two lines and\n involving fourteen students in solo recitations.\n Full chorus might mean the seven or fourteen speakers or\n everyone who hasn't yet spoken.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE232", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "THE HONORABLE DR. J. ROY ROWLAND", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Carlos J. Moorhead\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n THE HONORABLE DR. J. ROY ROWLAND\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, Congressman Roy Rowland is leaving the\nU.S. Congress after a dozen years of valuable service and numerous\ncontributions to his Nation, his State, and the residents of his\ndistrict.\n I have gotten to know Dr. Rowland better since he joined the Energy\nand Commerce Committee 6 years ago. In this capacity as the only\nmedical doctor on the committee, he has made outstanding contributions\nto the committee's unparalleled record of achievement.\n He was especially active in the recent and all-consuming health care\ndebate. Roy Rowland's experience and insights were of enormous help to\nhis colleagues as we worked to understand and solve the problems within\nthis most important and complex of industries.\n Mr. Speaker, I want to express my gratitude to Dr. Rowland for his\nfriendship and support and wish him all the best as he departs the\nCongress and begins another chapter in his very successful life.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE233", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "RETIREMENT OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM J. HUGHES", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Jack B. Brooks\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n RETIREMENT OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM J. HUGHES\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. JACK BROOKS\n\n of texas\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to Congressman\nWilliam J. Hughes of the Second District of New Jersey. Bill Hughes has\ndecided to retire after a distinguished career in this body spanning 20\nyears. Bill and I became colleagues on the Judiciary Committee in\nJanuary 1975 when Bill began his service there. Congressman Hughes\nfirst chaired the Subcommittee on Crime and then became chairman of the\nSubcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration at\nthe beginning of the 102d Congress. He has been an outstanding leader\nin Congress on all issues on which he has worked.\n Bill has dealt with the difficult problems arising before his\nsubcommittee in a workman like and skillful manner. His skill as a\nprosecutor and his grasp of intellectual property issues make him one\nof the finest lawyers ever to serve this body. He has been a loyal\nfriend and staunch ally and I shall miss him on the committee and in\nthe well of this House. Bill and his wife Nancy have a splendid and\nloving family they will now have more time to enjoy, but we will all\nmiss Bill's dedicated service to his constituents, the Congress, and\nthe Nation.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE234", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "IN HONOR OF REPRESENTATIVE BILL HUGHES", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Romano L. Mazzoli\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN HONOR OF REPRESENTATIVE BILL HUGHES\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI\n\n of kentucky\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I pay\ntribute to Representative Bill Hughes, my close friend and colleague of\n20 years.\n Bill Hughes, a native of Salem, NJ, and lifelong resident of New\nJersey, is a consummate Congressman. Since he was first elected to\nCongress in 1974, he has always remembered, in the words of former\nSpeaker of the House Tip O'Neill, that ``* * * all politics is local.''\nIn keeping with this belief, Bill Hughes, throughout his career, has\nspent all but one weekend per year in New Jersey's Second District.\nBill understood early into the game that you never forget who sent you\nhere and you never forget your roots back home.\n Bill Hughes has devoted much of his professional life in the area of\nlaw enforcement serving 10 years as a prosecuting attorney in Cape May\nCounty, NJ, and 20 years in Congress as a member of the House Judiciary\nCommittee. In his capacity as chairman of the Subcommittee on Crime and\nCriminal Justice, he has spearheaded efforts to establish boot camps\nfor the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders and has pushed Congress to\nappropriate funds for new prisons. He has also led the fight against\ncomputer crime, child pornography, firearms violations, arson, drug\noffenders, product tampering, and many other problems plaguing our\nNation.\n Along with his work as chairman of the Subcommittee on Intellectual\nProperty and Judicial Administration and his work on the Merchant\nMarine and Fisheries Committee, Bill Hughes has also been very\nsupportive of campaign finance reform legislation, an issue in which I\nhave also been very involved. In his own campaigns, Bill Hughes has\nsought to raise most of his campaign funds from small individual\ncontributions, rather than from sources outside the State of New\nJersey. He has limited PAC contributions to less than a third of his\ntotal campaign funds and he suggests that other members follow suit.\n Through his work as chairman of the Subcommittee on Intellectual\nProperty and Judicial Administration, Bill Hughes has worked diligently\nto protect the interests of authors of software programs and books,\ncomposers, and film makers throughout the country as well as other\nareas of the world. He has also been very instrumental in advancing the\nGATT negotiations, working to remove trade barriers and strengthen the\nU.S. economy.\n Bill has been the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions\nincluding: The Senior Distinguished Alumni Award for Rutgers\nUniversity; the Leo Fraser Super Achiever Award from the Juvenile\nDiabetes Foundation; Man of the Year award by the Girl Scouts of\nAmerica and; Congressman of the Year award by the National Association\nof Police Organizations.\n But above all of these recognitions, Bill Hughes' most lasting\ntribute is that the people of New Jersey's Second Congressional\nDistrict has reposed their faith and trust in him for two decades and\nwould have done so for another two decades or more if Bill and Nancy,\nhis beloved wife, were not anxious to return home to start a new phase\nof their life.\n For my part, I am losing a friend and a seatmate of long standing. I\nwish him, Nancy, and the family the best of health and happiness in\nretirement.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE235", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "THE NATIONAL MARITIME HERITAGE ACT OF 1994", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Nancy Pelosi\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"3059\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n THE NATIONAL MARITIME HERITAGE ACT OF 1994\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. NANCY PELOSI\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to offer my thanks to Chairman\nStudds, Representative Andrews, and the many others who worked for the\npassage of H.R. 3059, the National Maritime Heritage Act of 1994. This\nbill represents a long-overdue effort to provide much-needed support\nfor maritime historical preservation projects all over the country.\n From Seattle to Newport News to San Francisco to the Rio Grande\nMilitary Museum, this legislation will perpetuate our maritime history\nby allowing States, local governments, and nonprofit organizations to\napply for maritime heritage grants which will be used for educational\npurposes. I am proud to have the world's largest fleet of historic\nships located in my district at the San Francisco Maritime Park. This\nimportant grants program will fund much-needed and long-delayed repairs\non these ships.\n Mr. Speaker, the National Maritime Heritage Act is also a fiscally\nresponsible measure. Funding for the program will be derived from\nscrapping obsolete National Defense Reserve Fleet [NDRF] vessels. These\nfunds will then be apportioned between maritime heritage projects, the\nmaritime administration, and State maritime academies for training and\neducational purposes.\n Mr. Speaker, in the last 60 years, over 400 of the most important\nhistorical vessels in this country have been lost because of erratic\nFederal support for maritime preservation. This bill attempts to\nreverse that course and I am grateful that my colleagues have given it\ntheir support.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE236", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "RECYCLING AND PERMANENT PAPER", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Nita M. Lowey\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n RECYCLING AND PERMANENT PAPER\n\n ______\n\n HON. NITA M. LOWEY\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to enter into the Record a\nrecent letter from the Federal environmental executive to the New York\nPublic Library on the subject of the administration's commitment to the\nuse by the Government of permanent paper. Recently, a letter from New\nYork Public Library President Paul LeClerc, New York Public Library\nTrustee Barbara Goldsmith, and Association of American Publishers\nPresident Nicholas Veliotas was sent to the White House Office of\nEnvironmental Policy seeking a clarification that the President's 1993\nExecutive order on Recycling did not conflict with Public Law 101-423's\nrequirement to use permanent paper for Government documents of enduring\nvalue. As my colleagues know, this policy on permanent paper was one\ndeveloped and enacted by Congress, and I applaud the administration for\nunequivocally stating its commitment to meeting the goals of the\npermanent paper resolution as the Federal Government moves to an\nincreased use of recycled paper. I would like to introduce into the\nRecord the administration's response in order to make completely clear\nthat there is no conflict between these highly important goals.\n\n Office of the Federal\n\n Environmental Executive,\n\n Washington, DC, July 19, 1994.\n Mr. Paul LeClerc,\n President, the New York Public Library,\n New York, NY.\n Dear Mr. LeClerc: As the Federal Environmental Executive\n appointed by authority of the President's Executive Order On\n Recycling, I am in receipt of your communication regarding\n the necessity to ensure that the federal government's use of\n recycled paper not be perceived to be in conflict with P.L.\n 101-423's requirement to use permanent paper for documents of\n enduring historical value. I am writing to assure you that\n there is no such conflict, and to tell you of the steps this\n Administration is taking to ensure that the recycled paper\n requirements are not implemented in such a way as to result\n in the inappropriate use of acidic paper.\n The Administration is completely aware of and strongly\n supports the Joint Resolution on permanent paper and its\n goals. Paper which contains recycled material and is either\n permanent or alkaline is available for purchase, and it is\n our intention to continue to use these papers for documents\n of enduring value.\n I will be working with the individual agencies to develop\n specifications to fulfill the goals of the Executive Order\n and the Joint Resolution. Executive Order 12873 called for\n the appointment of Agency Environmental Executives for each\n Executive department and major procuring agency, in addition\n to a Federal Environmental Executive within EPA, the position\n to which I have recently been appointed. I intend to transmit\n a copy of this letter to all Agency Environmental Executives\n in order to restate our position that the requirements for\n use of recycled paper are not to conflict in any way with the\n concurrent requirement for permanent paper use. Furthermore,\n I am meeting this week with the Agency Environmental\n Executives, and I intend to discuss and reaffirm our\n commitment to the use of permanent or alkaline paper during\n this meeting. I will be continuing to work closely with these\n executives to ensure on-going sensitivity to this issue as we\n implement Executive Order 12873.\n I very much appreciate your interest and concern for the\n permanence of historical documents, and applaud your efforts\n to reduce the use of acid papers by the federal government.\n We fully share your concern, and I look forward to continuing\n to work with you on issues of recycling and paper permanence.\n Sincerely,\n Fran McPoland,\n Federal Environmental Executive.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE237", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "LIMITED AUTHORIZATION FOR UNITED STATES-LED FORCE IN HAITI", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Richard H. Lehman\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HJRES\", \"number\": \"416\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n LIMITED AUTHORIZATION FOR UNITED STATES-LED FORCE IN HAITI\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. RICHARD H. LEHMAN\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.J. Res. 416)\n providing limited authorization for the participation of\n United States Armed Forces in the multinational force in\n Haiti and providing for the prompt withdrawal of United\n States Armed Forces from Haiti:\n Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to express my disgust at the\nwillingness of this body to jeopardize the lives of American soldiers\nfor the purpose of gaining a political advantage.\n Though I have publicly stated that I opposed the invasion of Haiti by\nUnited States forces, I am not willing to cast a vote which could\njeopardize the lives of our soldiers simply to gain political cover.\nWhether or not we like it, our troops are in Haiti, and as long as\nUnited States soldiers are in Haiti we must stand behind them 100\npercent.\n The decision to bring our soldiers home should be based on the advice\nof our military leaders and not politicians who are concerned about\ntheir own elections. Imposing arbitrary deadlines does nothing but\nundermine our armed forces. The best thing Congress can do is allow our\nmilitary leaders to do their job and bring our soldiers home as soon as\npossible in a safe manner.\n If you are looking to gain a political boost right before the\nelection, take the easy vote. By doing so, however, you are risking the\nlives of American soldiers and undermining our military.\n Practice good policy--not partisan politics.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE238", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "THE RETIREMENT OF THE HONORABLE J. ROY ROWLAND", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Michael Bilirakis\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HR\", \"number\": \"3955\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n THE RETIREMENT OF THE HONORABLE J. ROY ROWLAND\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. MICHAEL BILIRAKIS\n\n of florida\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I want to join my colleagues in wishing\nmy good friend, Congressman Roy Rowland, the best of luck in his future\nendeavors. I know he is looking forward to retiring from the Congress.\nUnfortunately, his retirement leaves a void in the House of\nRepresentatives that will never be completely filled. For many years,\nCongressman Rowland has been the only family physician in the entire\nCongress. He willingly shared his experience and medical knowledge with\nhis colleagues on numerous occasions. Many times, when health care\nlegislation was debated by the House Energy and Commerce Committee,\nCongressman Rowland's opinions and suggestions were sought out. My\ncolleagues on both sides of the aisle and I always found them\ninvaluable.\n Over the past year, I have had the opportunity to work closely with\nCongressman Rowland and his very capable staff, especially Kathy\nHennemuth, on health care reform. Before that, we had served on the\nHouse Energy and Commerce Committee and the Veterans Committee. In\naddition, we served as cochairmen of the Congressional Sunbelt Caucus\non Infant Mortality.\n In my opinion, our greatest legislative accomplishment together was\ndrafting two separate and completely bipartisan health care bills in\nthe 103d Congress. H.R. 3955, the Health Reform Consensus Act, was the\nfirst comprehensive health bill introduced in the Congress that was\ntruly bipartisan. In addition, Congressman Rowland and I forged a\ncompletely bipartisan group of five House Republicans and five House\nDemocrats. This congressional group was responsible for drafting the\nHouse bipartisan health bill, which drew significant support in the\nHouse this past summer--as well as interest in the other body. In my\nopinion, Congressman Rowland's medical background provided this bill\nwith crucial credibility among our House colleagues.\n Prior to this year, Congressman Rowland already had established\nhimself as a legislative leader on health issues. A bill authored by\nCongressman Rowland to reduce unnecessary red tape in the Medicare\nProgram was enacted into law. As a leader in the House rural health\ncare coalition, Congressman Rowland assisted in drafting a wide range\nof bills to improve the delivery of rural health care that later became\npublic law. He also authored legislation creating the National AIDS\nCommission to establish better coordination among programs associated\nwith the disease. Finally, while serving as the vice chairman of the\nNational Commission to Prevent Infant Mortality, he cosponsored several\nmeasures to provide prenatal and child health care services to high-\nrisk mothers.\n Throughout his congressional career, Congressman Rowland has been an\neffective legislator in other legislative areas as well. He has been\nactively involved in environmental issues and, in fact, served on the\njoint conference committee that authored the 1990 Clean Air Act. He\nalso played a key role in the 1987 Clean Water Act and served as a\nHouse conferee when the final version of this legislation was debated\nby a House-Senate conference committee. In addition, Congressman\nRowland served as one of the leaders in promoting the proposed balanced\nbudget amendment to the Constitution.\n With regard to veterans, Congressman Rowland served as the chairman\nof the House Veterans' Hospitals and Health Care Subcommittee. He has\nbeen a leader in fighting for improvements in the veterans' health care\nsystem and cosponsored several legislative measures to assist our\nveterans.\n These are some of the highlights of Congressman Rowland's\naccomplishments as a Member of the House of Representatives. He has had\nnumerous legislative achievements throughout his congressional career\nin Washington. While I congratulate Congressman Rowland on this\ndistinguished career on the occasion of his retirement, I believe the\nU.S. Congress is losing one of its finest and most respected Members.\nHe will be sorely missed, not only by me, but by all of us.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE239", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "A TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON EDWARDS", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Charles B. Rangel\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON EDWARDS\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, please join me in honoring our distinguished\ncolleague, Representative Don Edwards, who is retiring from the House\nof Representatives at the end of this, the 103d Congress,\nRepresentative Edwards, the dean of the California delegation, has\nrepresented his San Jose district with considerable distinction since\n1962.\n Representative Don Edwards was born and raised in the community that\nhe now represents. He attended public schools in San Jose and received\nboth his bachelors and juris doctorate degrees from nearby Stanford\nUniversity. Don served as a Federal Bureau of Investigation agent from\n1940 to 1941, and during World War II as a Naval intelligence officer\nand gunnery officer at sea. He and his wife, Edith B. Wilkie, a native\nNew Yorker and presently executive director of the Arms Control and\nForeign Policy Caucus, raised five sons: Judge Leonard Perry Edwards\nand Judge Thomas C. Edwards, both of Santa Clara County Superior Court;\nSamuel Dwyer Edwards, a software designer living in Portola Valley; Dr.\nBruce Haven Edwards, a mathematics professor at the University of\nFlorida; and William Don Edwards, a San Jose lawyer. By perpetuating\nthe leadership and commitment to serving fellow human beings, these\nfive men will serve, perhaps, a Don and Edith's greatest legacy.\n Matching his legacy of congressional service, which he will bestow\nupon the Members of this body in a few short weeks, will prove\ndifficult, if not impossible. Upon arriving in Washington, he made\nclear his goals to serve the people of San Jose and southern San\nFrancisco Bay and to defend the liberties and laws of the Constitution.\nWorking with both Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, Representative\nEdwards was the floor leader in the enactment of the 1964 Omnibus Civil\nRights Act and the Voting Rights of 1965. He participated in civil\nrights demonstrations and marches in Washington and throughout the\nSouth. In 1963, he visited Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in the\nBirmingham Jail. Later, he helped to shepherd the equal rights\namendment through the House and authored both the Freedom of Choice Act\nand the Religious Freedom Act. His respect for civil liberties and\nconsistent support of those principles have led many of us to refer to\nMr. Edwards as ``The Conscience of the Congress.''\n Representative Edwards never wavered in his adherence to those\nprinciples, even when it led to helping those outside of this body's\nrealm. Whether referring to his work on oversight of the FBI, United\nStates involvement in El Salvador, Nicaragua, Vietnam, or South Africa,\nDon brought his integrity and decency with him. It has touched all who\nknow him.\n And by doing so, Don Edwards has better served his constituency and\nhis country. In his 32 years of service, Mr. Edwards's legislation has:\ndoubled the size of the San Francisco Bay Wildlife Refuge; established\nenvironmental education centers in Alviso and Fremont; given copyright\nprotection to semiconductor manufacturers; streamlined export\nlicensing; helped build the Robert F. Peckham U.S. Courthouse and\nFederal Building in San Jose, and many other highway, flood control,\nearthquake relief, and rail projects.\n I find it perfectly appropriate that we honor Representative Edwards\nin the same week that this body honored President Nelson Mandela of the\nRepublic of South Africa and welcomed him here to address Congress and\nthe Nation. Like President Mandela, Don Edwards believes that our\nsociety's enemy is never an organization, an event, a symbol, or a race\nof people. Humanity's true enemies are tyranny, contempt for liberty,\nand injustice. In waging a never-ending battle against these foes, Don\nhas transcended the legislative works of this body. In doing so, he has\ninspired generations of constituents, colleagues, and friends,\nincluding this humble legislator.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE24", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "IN HONOR OF CHIEF WALLACE F. LEES' RETIREMENT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Ronald K. Machtley\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN HONOR OF CHIEF WALLACE F. LEES' RETIREMENT\n\n ______\n\n HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY\n\n of rhode island\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. MACHTLEY. I am honored in paying special tribute to Wallace F.\nLees retirement as chief of the Burrillville Police Department. I\ncongratulate him for the many significant contributions he has made to\nthe community.\n For over 30 years, Chief Lees has admirably served the town by\nconsistently demonstrating his commitment and dedication to fighting\ncrime and creating a safe environment for all Burrillville residents.\nChief Lees has distinguished himself as a prominent leader who goes\nabove and beyond the call of duty for the betterment of mankind, he has\ninstituted a myriad of safety, public service, substance abuse\nprevention, and crime fighting programs which have had a positive\nimpact on the community.\n Throughout his entire law enforcement career, beginning with his\nappointment as patrolman in 1963, sargeant in 1969, and as chief in\n1988, Chief Lees has been an inspirational presence on the force, whose\nservice will be greatly missed and long remembered.\n Again, I am honored to pay special tribute to Chief Wallace F. Lees.\nI wish to congratulate him on his outstanding service to the citizens\nof the town of Burrillville. I wish him the best in all of his future\nendeavors.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE240", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "U.S. POLICY TOWARDS HAITI", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"William F. Clinger Jr.\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", "[{\"congress\": \"103\", \"type\": \"HJRES\", \"number\": \"416\"}]", "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n U.S. POLICY TOWARDS HAITI\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR.\n\n of pennsylvania\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of\n the Union had under consideration the bill (H.J. Res. 416)\n providing limited authorization for the participation of\n United States Armed Forces in the multinational force in\n Haiti and providing for the prompt withdrawal of United\n States Armed Forces from Haiti:\n Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Chairman, I rise to express my views on the current\nU.S. military occupation of Haiti.\n My position on U.S. policy toward Haiti is clear and simple. I\nneither supported President Clinton's initial deployment of U.S. troops\nto Haiti nor do I support the current U.S. military occupation of the\ntroubled nation. No compelling U.S. interests were at stake in Haiti.\nNo American lives were at risk, and the United States had no vital\nstrategic or economic concerns there. While the United States should\nalways be committed to democracy and support democratically elected\nleaders, I question whether placing U.S. service men and women in Haiti\nto restore President Aristide is an appropriate use of our military\nforces.\n Furthermore, it is my belief that, as commander-in-chief, President\nClinton had an obligation to build public support for his policy before\nplacing one American service member in harm's way. He should have\nclearly articulated our national interests and security objectives in\nHaiti, and allowed Congress to fully and publicly debate and vote on\nthe merits of his policy. President Clinton's decision not to seek\npublic or congressional support prior to the invasion and occupation of\nHaiti was a serious failure on his part, because if he had, the United\nStates might not be in the troublesome position we are in today.\n Although I feel U.S. military intervention in Haiti is a mistake, and\nU.S. troops should be withdrawn as soon as possible, I strongly oppose\nany congressional action to set a deadline for withdrawal or any\nattempt to cut off funds for military operations in Haiti.\n Under the two previous administrations, I consistently joined my\nRepublican colleagues in fending off Democratic attempts to tie the\nhands of the President in executing U.S. foreign policy. I argued that\nCongress must give the President latitude to properly carry out his\nresponsibilities as our commander-in-chief, especially when U.S. troops\nare in a hostile environment. It would be contrary to my beliefs and\nhypocritical for me now to support any resolution that severely\nrestricts the President's authority over foreign policy and military\naffairs by mandating the withdrawal of U.S. troops.\n Having stated by views, I must admit I am not thrilled by any of the\nthree alternative before us today. While none represent flawless public\npolicy, some are clearly better than others.\n I am vehemently opposed to the Torricelli-Hamilton resolution which\nprovides an implicit endorsement of the President's policy and\nretroactive authorization for his actions. I cannot support\nauthorization for continued United States presence in Haiti to carry\nout a poorly defined mission I do not support, and urge my colleagues\nto vote ``no'' on Torricelli-Hamilton.\n Although I have misgivings about the Michel-Gilman substitute, I will\nvote for it because it is clearly the best of the three choices. It\nstates that President Clinton should not have sent troops to Haiti, and\nurges an immediate, safe and orderly withdrawal. Although I am\nconcerned about the fixed timetable for a congressional vote on pulling\nU.S. troops out of Haiti, I view this provision more as a reservation\nof Congress's right to revisit the issue than as a congressional\ndeadline for troop withdrawal.\n If the Michel-Gilman substitute fails, which I expect it will, I will\nlend my qualified support to the Dellums-Murtha substitute. Although\nthe language is anemic and does not go far enough in expressing\ndisapproval of President Clinton's decision to dispatch troops to\nHaiti, I prefer the Dellums-Murtha substitute over the base text of the\nresolution which endorses and authorizes the President's actions.\nPresident Clinton should not interpret this Member's vote in support of\nthe Dellums-Murtha substitute as a vote of confidence, but instead as a\ndenial of congressional authorization for his Haiti military operation\nand a forceful repudiation of his mishandling of this sorry affair.\n Mr. Speaker, no matter what the outcome of the Michel-Gilman or\nDellums-Murtha votes, in my mind, the only vote that truly matters, and\nthe vote the President should be closely watching, is the vote on the\nTorricelli-Hamilton resolution. This is the only amendment that\nprovides authorization for continued U.S. presence in Haiti, and\ntherefore, the only one that endorses the President's actions. If\nCongress fails to adopt the Torricelli-Hamilton resolution, it will be\na clear, unmistakable rejection of the President's Haitian policy, and\nPresident Clinton should recognize and understand this.\n Once again, I strongly urge members to vote ``no'' on the Torricelli-\nHamilton resolution.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE241", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"William F. Clinger Jr.\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR.\n\n of pennsylvania\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, railroads played a vital role in the\ndawning of the industrial age in America, and no other State's history\nand heritage have been enriched more by the rail industry than\nPennsylvania's.\n During the late 1800's and early 1900's, hundreds of miles of\nrailroad tracks stretched across Pennsylvania, allowing merchants to\nship freight and transport passengers in and out of the State. The\nbirth of mass production in America created enormous demands for\nPennsylvania coal, iron, and steel, and these industries relied heavily\non the railroad network to move their goods to manufacturers in St.\nLouis, Chicago, New York, and other areas of the country.\n Aside from serving as the lifeline of Pennsylvania commerce, the rail\nindustry employed thousands of hard-working Pennsylvanians as\nengineers, operators, mechanics, and railyard workers. Many employees\nwere immigrants or first- and second-generation Americans whose parents\nand grandparents left England, Ireland, Germany, or Eastern Europe in\nsearch of opportunity and prosperity.\n Working for the railroad was not always easy or pleasant.\nPennsylvania railroad employees toiled through the high times and\neconomic growth of the Industrial Revolution; endured the bitter\nclashes between labor and management; and witnessed the decline of the\nrail industry as automobiles, highways, and other technological\nadvances provided alternative modes of transportation.\n Today, thousands of railroad employees, retirees, and their families\nstill live in Pennsylvania. Over the past year, I've heard from a great\nnumber of them in my district who are worried the railroad retirement\nsystem will be dismantled and their hard-earned benefits put at risk.\n Indeed, proposals to eliminate the Railroad Retirement Board have\nsurfaced a number of times over the past several years. Most recently,\nVice President Gore's National Performance Review recommended\neliminating the Board and transferring its functions to other Federal\nagencies. Under the proposal, retirement benefits would be administered\nby the Social Security Administration, unemployment benefits would\nbecome the responsibility of State unemployment agencies, and sickness\nbenefits would be managed by Medicare.\n While I wholeheartedly support the goals of Vice President Gore's\nNational Performance Review to make Government work better and cost\nless, I fail to see any justification for dismantling the Board. I do\nnot believe the proposal will increase Government efficiency or save\nthe American taxpayers money.\n The Railroad Retirement Board was established in 1934 to protect the\nsolvency of rail industry pension programs during the Great Depression.\nThe Board oversees the railroad retirement system and its trust funds\nwhich are financed by payroll taxes levied on railroad employers and\nemployees. Over the past 60 years, millions of railworkers have paid\ninto the system with expectations of receiving retirement, sickness,\ndisability, and survivor benefits when and if they are needed.\n Although the Clinton administration's intentions to eliminate\nGovernment waste may be genuine, its recommendation to dissolve the\nBoard is misguided. Since the cost of the railroad retirement system is\nborne by the rail industry, elimination of the Railroad Retirement\nBoard will not yield any savings for American taxpayers. Instead,\ndismantling the railroad retirement system may only make it more\nburdensome for railroad workers and their survivors to get the benefits\nthey have paid for and need.\n Mr. Speaker, today I am introducing a resolution expressing the sense\nof the House of Representatives with respect to preserving the Railroad\nRetirement Board and the railroad retirement system. Realizing the 103d\nCongress will soon come to a close, I fully intend to reintroduce the\nmeasure at the beginning of the 104th Congress. Nevertheless, I\nencourage my colleagues to demonstrate their support for railroad\nworkers and their families by joining me as a cosponsor of this\nresolution.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE242", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "THE HONORABLE TOM LEWIS", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Carlos J. Moorhead\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n THE HONORABLE TOM LEWIS\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I would like to join my colleagues in\nsaying ``Thank You'' and ``Goodbye'' to our good friend from Florida,\nCongressman Tom Lewis.\n Representative Lewis first came to the House in 1982. He retires\ntoday after more than a decade of distinguished service, which followed\nan equally distinguished period of service in the Florida House and\nSenate.\n Mr. Speaker, the House of Representatives will be less for the loss\nof Tom Lewis. He was a gentleman; a contributor; a friend and\nsupporter. I wish him the very best.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE243", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "HONORING REPRESENTATIVE DEAN GALLO", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Romano L. Mazzoli\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n HONORING REPRESENTATIVE DEAN GALLO\n\n ______\n\n speech of\n\n HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI\n\n of kentucky\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, it is a honor for me to join the many other\nMembers, from both sides of the aisle, paying tribute to Representative\nDean Gallo, our friend and colleague.\n Dean Gallo, first elected to New Jersey's 11th Congressional District\nin 1985, has served as a constant voice for the small businesses of New\nJersey, and has insured that resources and financial backing are\navailable to small businesses. Dean himself a real estate agent,\nunderstands the needs of small businesses and, through his work on the\nHouse Small Business Committee, has strengthened and expanded the Small\nBusiness Association, which, at the time of Dean's arrival to the\nCongress in 1985, was threatened with extinction.\n His efforts in Washington have not gone unnoticed. In 1989, Dean\nGallo was awarded the New Jersey Small Business Development Center's\nexcellence award. Furthermore, he is a five-time recipient of the\nGuardian of Small Business Award, and a five-time recipient of the\nSpirit of Enterprise Award from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.\n Throughout Dean Gallo's career in public service, beginning in 1968\nas a member of the Parsippany-Troy Hills Township Council, he has been\na champion of small businesses, and has understood that today's larger\ncorporations and all businesses were once small businesses. Dean has\nspearheaded the effort in Congress to increase exports and expand our\ninternational trade routes, most recently in dealing with the European\nCommunity. As a member of the House Appropriations Committee, Dean\nGallo helped to increase Export-Import Bank funding from $500 million\nto $750 million.\n Under the circumstances of Dean's retirement, he should know that my\nprayers are with him and his family for a full and speedy recovery. May\nGod bless you, Dean."], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE25", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "MARIO PAVONE", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Herbert C. Klein\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n MARIO PAVONE\n\n ______\n\n HON. HERB KLEIN\n\n of new jersey\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. KLEIN. Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleasure to rise today and\npay tribute to Mario Pavone, an admired member of the Nutley Italian-\nAmerican Civic Association. On October 9, Mr. Pavone will be honored as\nNutley's Grand Marshall in the 12th Annual Belleville-Nutley Columbus\nDay Festivities.\n Mr. Pavone was born in Acri, Italy in 1926. Since the moment he\narrived in 1954, Mr. Pavone has continually proven himself to be a\ncaring and compassionate individual.\n He started his barber shop in 1960 and developed close ties in Nutley\nthrough the Sons of Italy organization. In 1973, Mr. Pavone became a\nfounding member of the Italian-American Civic Association, and\ncurrently serves as the organization's Treasurer.\n The 1987 recipient of the Dr. Matia Outstanding Citizen Award, Mr.\nPavone's philanthropic nature is well-known throughout the community.\nHe has over and over expressed compassion and selflessness through\nnumerous donations to charities.\n I ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating Mr. Mario Pavone as\nNutley's Grand Marshall for this year's parade. I would also like to\njoin the citizens of Nutley in noting his years of service to the\ncommunity.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE26", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO GREGORY F. COUPE AND THOMAS A. GUILBAULT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Jack Reed\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO GREGORY F. COUPE AND THOMAS A. GUILBAULT\n\n ______\n\n HON. JACK REED\n\n of rhode island\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to salute two distinguished young\nmen from Rhode Island who have attained the rank of Eagle Scout in the\nBoy Scouts of America. They are Gregory F. Coupe and Thomas A.\nGuilbault of Troop 44 in Glocester, Rhode Island and they are honored\nthis week for their noteworthy achievement.\n Not every young American who joins the Boy Scouts earns the\nprestigious Eagle Scout Award. In fact, only 2.5 percent of all Boy\nScouts do. To earn the award, a Boy Scout must fulfill requirements in\nthe areas of leadership, service, and outdoor skills. He must earn 21\nMerit Badges, eleven of which are required from areas such as\nCitizenship in the Community, Citizenship in the Nation, Citizenship in\nthe World, Safety, Environmental Science, and First Aid.\n As he progresses through the Boy Scout ranks, a Scout must\ndemonstrate participation in increasingly more responsible service\nprojects. He must also demonstrate leadership skills by holding one or\nmore specific youth leadership positions in his patrol and/or troop.\nThese young men have distinguished themselves in accordance with these\ncriteria.\n For their Eagle Scout project, Gregory made and cleared a trail\nthrough the Sprague Farm Land Trust and Thomas marked the new trail\nwith appropriate signs.\n Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my colleagues to join me in saluting Eagle\nScouts Gregory F. Coupe and Thomas A. Guilbault. In turn, we must duly\nrecognize the Boy Scouts of America for establishing the Eagle Scout\nAward and the strenuous criteria its aspirants must meet. This program\nhas through its 84 years honed and enhanced the leadership skills and\ncommitment to public service of many outstanding Americans, two dozen\nof whom now serve in the House.\n It is may sincere belief that Gregory F. Coupe and Thomas A.\nGuilbault will continue their public service and in so doing will\nfurther distinguish themselves and consequently better their community.\nI join friends, colleagues, and family who this week salute them.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE27", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "A SPECIAL ANNIVERSARY FOR MR. AND MRS. FITCH", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Joseph M. McDade\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A SPECIAL ANNIVERSARY FOR MR. AND MRS. FITCH\n\n ______\n\n HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE\n\n of pennsylvania\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. McDADE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to call to the attention of my\ncolleagues a very special anniversary for a wonderful couple, Robert\nand Florence Fitch of Canton, Pennsylvania, in my district. Mr. and\nMrs. Fitch will celebrate their 80th Wedding Anniversary on December 5.\n Robert and Florence Fitch raised seven fine children, and are the\ngrandparents of 19, great-grandparents of 15, and great-great-\ngrandparents of two. They have lived in their current home for the past\n67 years, and are known as good neighbors to people of Canton and\nBradford County.\n Robert Fitch will celebrate his 100th birthday in January, 1995, and\nFlorence Fitch is presently 96. Their marriage of eight decades serves\nas an example to all of the strong bond between wife and husband. The\nlove they share is an inspiration to the four generations of the Fitch\nfamily and to their community.\n I ask my colleagues to join me in extending our best wishes for good\nhealth and happiness to Robert and Florence Fitch and their loved ones\non the occasion of their 80th anniversary.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE28", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "A VICTORY FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Michael Andrews\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A VICTORY FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION\n\n ______\n\n HON. MICHAEL A. ANDREWS\n\n of texas\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. ANDREWS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, last week the Walt Disney Co.\nannounced its intention to withdraw its proposal for a $650 million\ntheme park and real estate development adjacent to the Manassas\nNational Battlefield Park. I am extremely pleased with Disney's\ndecision, for I believe it shows great responsibility and respect for\nthe historic northern Piedmont area of Virginia, and I commend the\ncompany on its courage to make the right choice.\n Mr. Speaker, I also want to take this time to applaud the efforts of\nthe many individuals and organizations who participated in the effort\nto persuade Disney to find a more appropriate location, one that will\nnot destroy lands of such historical significance.\n I also want to reiterate that my efforts to oppose the location of\nthe proposed theme park were never anti-Disney. It is certainly\nDisney's right to construct an American history park. The battle I\nfought was to preserve historic lands. There is more American history\nin the northern Piedmont area than any other place in the United\nStates. It is also home to two of the gems of our National Park System,\nManassas National Battlefield Park and Shenandoah National Park. It\nsimply would have been a travesty to locate such a massive development\nin this area.\n Today, Mr. Speaker, our forefathers that settled this area and made\nhistory there--great figures like George Washington, James Madison,\nJames Monroe, Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson--would find the heart\nof Virginia much as they left it. Although the area has seen\ndevelopment, for the most part it has been thoughtfully progressive and\nmindful of the historic and aesthetic significance of the region. It is\na special place that includes 38 historic districts and 32 Civil War\nbattlefields. This is an area where our Nation was forged from the\nearly days of the American Revolution through the Civil War.\n It is also home to two of the most precious gems of our National Park\nSystem: Manassas National Battlefield Park and Shenandoah National\nPark. The impact to these parks under Disney's proposal would have been\ndevastating.\n The Manassas National Battlefield Park and Shenandoah National Park\nare the property of all Americans, not solely for the people of\nVirginia; no more than Mount Rushmore belongs only to the people of\nSouth Dakota or the Grand Canyon to the citizens of Arizona. They are\npublic lands that belong to all Americans. That is why I felt the\nFederal Government, and the U.S. Congress, has an important role to\nplay in this matter, and that is why I introduced a concurrent\nresolution opposing the proposed site of the development and calling\nfor an alternative site to be chosen.\n This victory is one for all Americans. Our Nation's history is a full\nand proud one which has served to strengthen our democratic ideals. The\nsignificant struggles that mark our history remind us of what others\nhave endured to preserve and maintain those ideals, and they charge us\nwith the same task. Once National Parks and historic lands are\ndestroyed, they cannot be rebuilt. To turn a blind eye to devastation\nof such lands would have been to turn a blind eye on the history of our\ngreat country.\n Mr. Speaker, this battle was won because of the tremendous\ngroundswell of support for the cause of preservation. During the past\nfew months, almost every major newspaper and well-known columnist has\nwritten on this issue. I believe that the following piece, from The New\nYork Times, provides an appropriate final opinion on the fight to\npreserve the historic Piedmont area, and I ask unanimous consent that\nit be placed in the Record immediately following my statement.\n\n [From the New York Times, Sept. 30, 1994]\n\n Disney Retreats at Bull Run\n\n Historians, writers and ordinary citizens won a victory for\n the national heritage on Wednesday. The Walt Disney Company\n abandoned the most irresponsible idea ever hatched in the\n Magic Kingdom and decided not to build a theme park near the\n Manassas Battlefield in Prince William County, Virginia.\n More than the fate of the battlefields of Manassas, or Bull\n Run, was involved, ``Disney's America'' would have flooded\n one of America's most historic and scenic regions, including\n the nearby Shenandoah National Park, with traffic and tacky\n development. In response to the threat to these national\n treasures, a large, articulate coalition defeated one of the\n country's richest corporations and its boosters in Virginia's\n Statehouse and Legislature.\n The Walt Disney Company had recently won two important\n battles. The county's planning board had agreed to the\n necessary rezoning for the project, and the regional\n transportation panel had approved $130 million in road\n improvements. But the company concluded that the outrage\n generated by the proposed project would mar Disney's image.\n It was a wise decision, but a tardy one, given the scale and\n stature of the opposition.\n There may have been other factors. Power struggles at the\n top of the company have dented its confidence. EuroDisney,\n its Paris project, has been a huge miscalculation. The last\n thing Disney needed was a bruising and protracted public\n relations battle against the nation's most respected writers\n and thinkers on the Civil War.\n Disney did not expect such a struggle. Gov. George Allen\n was on their side and a mindlessly generous Legislature was\n willing to pay millions in development expenses. What they\n did not reckon with was the passionate nationwide outcry that\n carried a clear message. The Manassas country-side is not\n Virginia's to sell. It belongs to the nation.\n Congress now needs to pass legislation designating a new\n kind of preservation area--the National Historic Region--that\n would enable it to control development in areas that are\n precious to the nation.\n Along with proving the power of organized, articulate\n opposition to a bad idea, the intellectuals,\n environmentalists, preservationists and ordinary citizens who\n fought the project proved something else. Michael Eisner,\n Disney's chairman, argued that Americans were ignorant about\n their history and needed Disney-style fun to teach them. As\n the historian David McCullough has pointed out, this episode\n has shown that Americans do know their history and care about\n ground made sacred by what occurred there.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE29", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "CODE OF CONDUCT FOR U.S. BUSINESSES IN CHINA: NEW LEGISLATION INTRODUCED", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Tom Lantos\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n CODE OF CONDUCT FOR U.S. BUSINESSES IN CHINA: NEW LEGISLATION\n INTRODUCED\n\n ______\n\n HON. TOM LANTOS\n\n of california\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, with President Clinton's decision last May\nto renew MFN for China and to cease the linkage between China's human\nrights performance and United States trade benefits, a turbulent issue\nin United States foreign policy has supposedly been laid to rest. I\nsuggest to you, however, that it has merely been side-tracked. It will\ncome back to haunt us because the Chinese regime has no intention of\ntolerating any independent political activity and continues to suppress\nbrutally all attempts at freedom of expression, assembly, or worship.\nIndeed, in recent months both Human Rights Watch and Amnesty\nInternational have offered ample documentation of deteriorating human\nrights conditions in China.\n Yet opponents of the linkage policy insist that trade provides an\navenue for constructive engagement with repressive regimes. They cite\nthe Asian miracle as proof that over the long-run, China's economic\ndevelopment will foster political liberalization. In China, however,\nthe long-run appears to be very long. Thus, the country with the\nworld's fastest growing GNP, also runs a massive forced labor camp\nsystem, in comparison to which the Soviet Gulag pales. Change will come\neventually, but can that allow us to be complacent in the face of\nenormous agony and suffering today and for the foreseeable future?\n Mr. Speaker, let's be honest about the trade-as-the-vehicle-of-change\nargument, and acknowledge that it lacks credibility in the case of\nChina. More persuasive is the pragmatic concern raised by the business\ncommunity: since the Europeans and Japanese are unwilling to condition\ntrade with China on human rights, why should the United States\ndisadvantage itself by doing so unilaterally?\n This is a serious issue, and it ultimately swayed the President. But\nI disagree with the President because I don't think that helping the\nPLA to modernize its weaponry and to boost its arms sales to rogue\nregimes is in the interest of the United States. It seems to me that we\nhave allowed short-term commercial gain to blind us to long-term,\nfundamental security concerns.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE3", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "HONORING AN ESTEEMED PUBLIC SERVANT", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Tim Roemer\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n HONORING AN ESTEEMED PUBLIC SERVANT\n\n ______\n\n HON. TIM ROEMER\n\n of indiana\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today as the session closes on a\nbittersweet note. One of the most valuable people in my organization\nwill take his leave soon to pursue further professional goals and\nideals.\n Bernie Toon, my chief of staff, will soon take an important position\nin the U.S. Senate and will be leaving huge shoes to fill in my\nWashington office. But he also leaves behind an outstanding record of\nachievement for the people of the Third District of Indiana, who have\ncome to know, respect, and love him for his administrative talents,\nlegislative skill, and his warm and caring personality.\n Bernie Toon is that rate chief of staff who commands not only the\nrespect and admiration of the staff, but also earns their fondness and\nloyalty as well. He is able to bring out superior performance while\nalways maintaining pleasant demeanor.\n In short, he is a leader.\n Known as ``Ray'' to his family, Bernie is a native Hoosier. He served\nably before coming to my office as an aide in the Senate, at the\nPentagon, and for the House Intelligence Committee. He is remembered\nfairly and fondly by the many people with whom he has worked.\n His personal style and professionalism will be missed, yet I know he\nwill serve in a superior capacity in his new position. It has been my\nextreme pleasure to have watched him develop and grow in running my\noperation, and although we will miss him, it is with great pride and\nadmiration that I watch him take on this new and deserved challenge. It\nis a tribute to my staff that Bernie moves on to continue to serve the\npublic and the country.\n Mr. Speaker, my wife Sally and I, along with the entire Roemer\norganization, wish Bernie and his wife Tracy the very best in the\nfuture, and though we are sad to lose such talent, we know we have in\nBernard R. Toon the very best kind of friend, for life.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE30", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO KEN BURNS", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"William H. Zeliff Jr.\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO KEN BURNS\n\n ______\n\n HON. WILLIAM H. ZELIFF, JR.\n\n of new hampshire\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. ZELIFF. Mr. Speaker, there is nothing in this world that can\ncompare to an autumn in New Hampshire. The warmth of summer has begun\nto fade and a cool brisk wind whistles through the clear New England\nsky reminding all that winter is surely on its way. But before the\nleaves fall and the first snow blankets the countryside, one eagerly\nanticipated event must occur--the World Series. Like the fall itself,\nbaseball's World Series comes and passes each year, invoking the\nglorious memories of seasons past. However, for the first time in this\ncentury, the national pastime's greatest series will not arrive with\nthe cool winds and changing foliage.\n While the cancellation of the fall classic has darkened the spirits\nof the entire country, one man has restored in the Nation a sense of\nnostalgia and hope for the future. Ken Burns' most recent\naccomplishment, ``Baseball'' is a tribute to not only the game of\nbaseball, but also to the people of America. ``Baseball'' traces the\nevolution of the game, from its early roots in the 19th century,\nthrough the depression and World War II, culminating with the 1980's\nand a glimpse towards the future. All the while, ``Baseball''\ndemonstrates the remarkable relationship between a game and its\ncountry.\n However, I did not rise today to only pay tribute to a documentary. I\nrise to recognize Ken Burns. A resident of Walpole, NH, Ken Burns has\nwritten, produced and directed two historic television series,\n``Baseball'' and ``The Civil War.'' These landmark documentaries are\nranked among the most watched events in PBS' history and are a\ntestament to the talents of their author.\n Ken Burns has been honored with more than 40 major film and\ntelevision awards, including two Emmy Awards, two Grammy Awards, and\nthe Lincoln Prize. Also listed among his accomplishments are two Oscar\nnominations. I am certain that this list will continue to grow.\n Baseball may be gone for the year, but Ken Burns has helped resurrect\nthe spirit that accompanies the waning days of the year when the boys\nof summer fight for the opportunity to pay the fall classic.\n On behalf of New Hampshire and the Nation, I want to thank Ken Burns\nfor his efforts and wish him all the best in his future endeavors.\n But, as Secretary Brown's trip demonstrated, the United States\nbusiness community is eager to pursue promising opportunities in China,\nand enhanced United States-Chinese commercial relations will no doubt\ngreatly benefit both countries. However, in the mad dash to get a piece\nof the action, let's at least ensure that U.S. companies do not\ninadvertently contribute to the maintenance of the status quo.\n Mr. Speaker, many United States companies seem to believe it is\naxiomatic that the presence of Western business in China will help to\nusher in reform, but I have my doubts. The Western business community's\nultimate value comes from their example, not their mere presence. They\nmust adhere to internationally-recognized standards of labor law in\norder to be a catalyst for progress.\n But China's refusal to honor international labor standards plays a\nlarge part in creating the very environment that foreign business finds\nso attractive. For example, many Western companies are interested in\ntransferring production to China because of its cheap labor costs. One\nreason labor costs are so low is the lack of OSHA protections. So, I\nwonder whether Western business will really want to uphold the health\nand safety regulations mandated by their own countries, as this would\nsignificantly raise the cost of doing business in China.\n Another reason for low wages is the absence of collective bargaining\nrights for workers. Of course, there are no rights in the Chinese\nworkplace. Hence, although I applaud the American Chamber of Commerce\nin Hong Kong for its recent endorsement of a general code of Business\nPrinciples, I find it disturbing that this code is silent on freedom of\nassociation and expression in the workplace. Without these two\nfundamental guarantees, any attempt to ensure fair treatment of workers\nis meaningless.\n Mr. Speaker, I, therefore, am introducing legislation with my\ndistinguished colleagues Jolene Unsoeld of Washington and Nancy Pelosi\nof California that would require United States businesses operating in\nChina to follow internationally-recognized labor standards. This Code\nof Conduct is not burdensome or unreasonable. It would require United\nStates businesses to ensure that their Chinese contractors maintain\nreasonable working hours, ensure safe working conditions, pay fair\nwages, treat all workers equally, and allow worker organizations and\nassemblies. There would be no direct oversight of their compliance;\nrather, the companies would annually report to the Secretary of State\non their adherence to the principles.\n If United States business truly wants to promote positive change in\nChina, then adherence to this Code of Conduct offers a tangible way to\nimplement that agenda without in any way harming United States\ncompetitiveness in the marketplace. Demonstrating that the United\nStates corporate community really does believe that good ethics and\ngood business go hand-in-hand would send an unmistakable signal to the\nChinese Government and provide powerful support to Chinese workers.\n Mr. Speaker, I ask that the text of our legislation be placed in the\nRecord.\n\n H.R.--\n\n Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of\n the United States of America in Congress assembled,\n\n SECTION 1. STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES.\n\n (a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this Act to create\n principles governing the conduct of United States economic\n cooperation projects in the People's Republic of China and\n Tibet.\n (b) Principles.--It is the sense of the Congress that any\n United States economic cooperation project in the People's\n Republic of China or Tibet should adhere to the following\n principles:\n (1) Suspend the use of all goods, wares, articles, and\n merchandise that are mined, produced, or manufactured, in\n whole or in part, by convict labor or forced labor if there\n is reason to believe that the material or product is produced\n or manufactured by such convict or forced labor, and refuse\n to use forced labor in the project.\n (2) Seek to ensure that political or religious views, sex,\n ethnic or national background, involvement in political or\n labor activities or nonviolent demonstrations, or association\n with suspected or known dissidents will not prohibit hiring,\n lead to harassment, demotion, or dismissal, or in any way\n affect the status or terms of employment in the project. The\n United States parent company of the United States economic\n cooperation project should not discriminate in terms or\n conditions of employment in the project against persons with\n past records of arrests or internal exile for nonviolent\n protest or membership in unofficial organizations committed\n to nonviolence.\n (3) Ensure that methods of production used in the project\n to do not pose an unnecessary physical danger to workers and\n neighboring populations and property and that the project\n does not unnecessarily risk harm to the surrounding\n environment, and consult with community leaders regarding\n environmental protection with respect to the project.\n (4) Strive to use business enterprises that are not\n controlled by the Government of the People's Republic of\n China or its authorized agents and departments as potential\n partners in the project.\n (5) Prohibit any military presence on the premises of the\n project.\n (6) Undertake to promote freedom of association and\n assembly among the employees of the project. The United\n States economic cooperation project should protest any\n infringement by the Government of the People's Republic of\n China of these freedoms to the appropriate authorities of\n that Government and to the International Labor Organization,\n which has an office in Beijing.\n (7) Use every possible channel of communication with the\n Government of the People's Republic of China to urge that\n Government to disclose publicly a complete list of all those\n individuals arrested since March 1989, to end incommunicado\n detention and torture, and to provide international observers\n access to all places of detention in the People's Republic of\n China and Tibet and to trials of prisoners arrested in\n connection with the pro-democracy events of April through\n June of 1989 and the pro-democracy demonstrations which have\n taken place in Tibet since 1787.\n (8) Discourage or undertake to prevent compulsory political\n indoctrination programs from taking place on the premises of\n the operations of the project.\n (9) Promote freedom of expression, including the freedom to\n seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds,\n regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in\n print, in the form of art, or through any media. To this end,\n the United States economic cooperation project should raise\n with appropriate authorities of the Government of People's\n Republic of China concerns about restrictions on importation\n of foreign publications.\n (c) Promotion of Principles by Other Nations.--The\n Secretary shall forward a copy of the principles set forth in\n subsection (b) to the member nations of the Organization for\n Economic Cooperation and Development and encourage them to\n promote principles similar to these principles.\n\n SEC. 2 REGISTRATION REQUIREMENT.\n\n (a) In General.--Each United States parent company\n conducting a United States economic cooperation project in\n the People's Republic of China or Tibet shall register with\n the Secretary and indicate whether such company agrees to\n implement the principles set forth in section 1(b). No fee\n shall be required for registration under this subsection.\n (b) Effective Date.--The registration requirement of\n subsection (a) shall take effect 6 months after the date of\n the enactment of this Act.\n\n SEC. 3. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.\n\n (a) Report.--Each United States parent company conducting a\n United States economic cooperation project in the People's\n Republic of China or Tibet shall report to the Secretary\n describing such company's adherence to the principles. Such\n company shall submit a completed reporting form furnished by\n the Secretary. The first report shall be submitted not later\n than 1 year after the date on which the national registers\n under section 2 and not later than the end of each 1-year\n period occurring thereafter.\n (b) Review of Report.--The Secretary shall review each\n report submitted under subsection (a) and determine whether\n the United States parent company submitting the report is\n adhering to the principles. The Secretary may request\n additional information from the United States parent company\n and other sources to verify the information contained in the\n report submitted by the company.\n (c) Annual Report.--The Secretary shall submit a report to\n the Congress and to the Secretariat of the Organization for\n Economic Cooperation and Development describing the level of\n adherence to the principles by United States parent companies\n subject to the reporting requirement of subsection (a). This\n report shall be submitted not later than 2 years after the\n date of the enactment of this Act and not later than the end\n of each 1-year period occurring thereafter.\n\n SEC. 4. EXPORT MARKETING SUPPORT.\n\n (a) Support.--A Federal agency may intercede with a foreign\n government or foreign national regarding export marketing\n activity in the People's Republic of China or Tibet on behalf\n of a United States parent company subject to the reporting\n requirements of section 3(a) only if that company adheres to\n the principles.\n (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 2\n years after the date of enactment of this Act.\n\n SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS.\n\n For purposes of this Act--\n (1) the terms ``adhere to the principles'', ``adhering to\n the principles'' and ``adherence to the principles'' mean--\n (A) agreeing to implement the principles set forth in\n section 1(b);\n (B) implementing those principles by taking good faith\n measures with respect to each such principle; and\n (C) reporting accurately to the Secretary on the measures\n taken to implement those principles;\n (2) the term ``intercede with a foreign government or\n foreign national'' includes any contact by an officer or\n employee of the United States with officials of any foreign\n government or foreign national involving or contemplating any\n effort to assist in selling a good, service, or technology in\n the People's Republic of China or Tibet, except that such\n term does not include multilateral or bilateral government-\n to-government trade negotiations intended to resolve trade\n issues which may affect United States parent companies who do\n not adhere to the principles;\n (3) the term ``organized under the laws of the United\n States'' means organized under the laws of the United States,\n any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the\n Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern\n Mariana Islands, or any other territory or possession of the\n United States;\n (4) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of State;\n (5) the term ``United States economic cooperation project''\n means--\n (A) an equity joint venture, a cooperative joint venture,\n or a wholly foreign-owned enterprise established under the\n laws of the People's Republic of China, in which--\n (i) a corporation, partnership, wholly-owned subsidiary, or\n other business association organized under the laws of the\n United States is an investor, or\n (ii) a corporation, partnership, or other business\n association organized under the laws of a country other than\n the United States or under the laws of a territory or\n possession of a country other than the United States, which\n is wholly owned by a corporation, partnership, or other\n business association organized under the laws of the United\n States, is an investor,\n\n and which employs more than 50 individuals in the People's\n Republic of China or Tibet; or\n (B) a branch office or representative office--\n (i) of a corporation, partnership, wholly-owned subsidiary,\n or other business association organized under the laws of the\n United States, or\n (ii) of a corporation, partnership or other business\n association organized under the laws of a country other than\n the United States or under the laws of a territory or\n possession of a country other than the United States, which\n is wholly owned by a corporation, partnership, or other\n business association organized under the laws of the United\n States,\n\n which employs more than 25 employees in the People's Republic\n of China or Tibet; and\n (6) the term ``United States parent company'' means a\n corporation, partnership, or other business association\n organized under the laws of the United States which is--\n (A) the direct investor in a United States economic\n corporation project as described in paragraph (5)(A)(i), or\n the sole owner of the investor in a United States economic\n cooperation project as described in paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or\n (B) the registrant in the People's Republic of China of a\n branch office or a representative office as described in\n paragraph (5)(B)(i), or the sole owner of the registrant of a\n branch office or representative office as described in\n paragraph (5)(B)(ii).\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE31", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "AID ASSOCIATION FOR LUTHERANS: NEIGHBOR HELPING NEIGHBOR", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"James A. Barcia\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n AID ASSOCIATION FOR LUTHERANS: NEIGHBOR HELPING\n NEIGHBOR\n\n ______\n\n HON. JAMES A. BARCIA\n\n of michigan\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. BARCIA of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, in this time of budgetary\ndifficulty that limits what assistance the Federal Government can\nprovide to people in need, it is both encouraging and heart-warming to\nlearn of organizations like the Aid Association for Lutherans. This\nninety-two-year-old organization through its nearly 8,600 branches and\n1.6 million members, in its own words, concentrates on a wide range of\ncharitable, educational, social, benevolent, fraternal and patriotic\nprograms.\n With over 112,000 members in Michigan, the AAL is one of the most\nimportant support groups in our State. Its efforts on behalf of the\nvictims of the terrible flood that moved through the Midwest last year\nwere vital to their sense of survival. The $3.5 million provided\nthrough AAL's Helping Hands program provided much more than its mere\nmonetary value--it provided hope and reassurance to people who saw\ntheir lives being shredded by nature's fury. The work performed by the\nAAL volunteers who came to the flooded communities demonstrated that\nhands-on assistance is so very meaningful to people in their time of\nneed.\n Similar assistance was also provided to the victims of Hurricane\nAndrew, who were the beneficiaries of the opportunities for friendship\ncreated by that natural disaster.\n Mr. Speaker, according to reports prepared by the Aid Association for\nLutherans, over 3.5 million hours of work was provided by AAL members\nand their friends on behalf of the many projects that were undertaken.\nHelping people pay their bills, get to the grocery store, building a\nwheelchair ramp at the church, landscaping and other seemingly simple\nbut vitally important acts of kindness were performed by AAL members.\n People constantly ask what has happened to the American spirit.\nWhatever happened to neighbor helping neighbor? Doesn't anyone care\nenough to lend a hand? All of these questions are so fully, graciously,\nand beautifully answered by the work done by the Aid Association for\nLutherans. It will be my privilege to be with many Michigan members\nlater this month at their annual dinner. It is my hope that I can come\naway with a portion of the inspiration that guides these wonderful\npeople in acts that we should each take more time to perform. Our world\ncan be a better place if we emulate people who care, people who give of\nthemselves, and people who know how to give thanks through their own\ndeeds--the members of the Aid Association for Lutherans.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE32", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO CHAIRMAN WILLIAM FORD", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Marge Roukema\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO CHAIRMAN WILLIAM FORD\n\n ______\n\n HON. MARGE ROUKEMA\n\n of new jersey\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Thursday, October 6, 1994\n\n Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to retiring\nchairman of our Committee on Education and Labor--the gentleman from\nMichigan, William Ford.\n Any observer of the Committee on Education and Labor knows that Bill\nFord and I have never been philosophical soulmates. In fact, we have\nbeen on opposite sides of more issues than we both care to remember--\nour plant closing law, the striker replacement proposal and the Direct\nLoan Program that soon will bear his name, to name just a few.\n But the same dedication and passion that made Bill Ford the most\nformidable of legislative foes, also made him a most valuable ally. I\nwas proud to fight by his side for the landmark Family and Medical\nLeave Act, for a tough and effective Higher Education Act and against\nproposals to establish experimental school choice programs.\n His mastery of this institution is well known. Chairman Ford has\nalways been a skillful strategist, a meticulous vote-counter, and an\narticulate advocate for his positions.\n Mr. Speaker, mine is not the first tribute to Chairman Ford, and\ncertainly will not be the last. After 30 years of congressional and\ncommunity service, he is deserving of all of them. However, when the\nspeeches are over and the accolades stop flowing, the many legacies of\nBill Ford will endure. His lifelong dedication to improving education\nand the lot of working Americans will stand in lasting tribute to his\nintelligence, his tenacity, and his character.\n Mr. Speaker, this Congress and this Nation are better for having been\nserved by William Ford, the gentleman from Michigan.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE33", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "IN RECOGNITION OF U.S. REP. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Frank R. Wolf\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN RECOGNITION OF U.S. REP. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. FRANK R. WOLF\n\n of virginia\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure for me to join with my\ncolleagues in recognizing the outstanding service to Congress and our\nnation of my friend and colleague, Helen Delich Bentley.\n For the last 10 years, Helen has been the beloved representative for\nMaryland's 2nd District, which stretches all the way from southeastern\nBaltimore County, near the Port of Baltimore, to the northern borders\nof Maryland, near the Delaware and Pennsylvania borders. Needles to\nsay, her constituency is diverse and varied; nevertheless Helen has\nearned the respect and admiration of her constituents, who have re-\nelected her the last three times impressively with over 65 percent of\nthe vote.\n As a Representative from the neighboring State of Virginia, in\naddition to being a friend of Helen's, I know first-hand how hard Helen\nhas worked on behalf of her district and our nation. She came to the\nHouse in 1984 following her service as the Chairwoman of the Federal\nMaritime Commission, which at that time made her the highest-ranking\nwoman in the Federal Government. As many of you know, the City of\nBaltimore is a dynamic and exciting city, ranging from the Inner harbor\nto Oriole Park at Camden yards; from Little Italy to Fells Point. One\nof Baltimore's biggest industries and landmarks, however, is the Port\nof Baltimore, and Helen has worked tirelessly to promote this port and\nprotect its workers. This has included her work for dredging at the\nPort of Baltimore to accommodate more ships and helping to settle\nlabor-management disputes at the Port. Her expertise and dedication on\nthis issue will be missed.\n Everyone in this body who knows Helen, more importantly, knows of\nHelen's integrity and steadfastness. Helen will never quit in the face\nof adversity; Helen will never run for cover when she believes she is\nright on an issue. Of course, this is different that the art of\ncompromise. Helen has had great success working in a bipartisan manner\nto reach objectives helpful to her district and the country. However,\nHelen is as committed a member of this House as you will find. Helen\nand I may not have agreed on every issue, although we certainly agree\non most. However, I have the greatest respect for Helen's honesty and\ndevotion--when Helen Bentley says she will work on something for you,\nshe will be by your side through good and bad. Her presence and ability\nwill be greatly missed, and it is a pleasure for me in wishing Helen,\nher husband William and her family all the best as she begins her\nretirement.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE34", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "IN HONOR OF REP. HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Cliff Stearns\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN HONOR OF REP. HELEN BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. CLIFF STEARNS\n\n of florida\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in honor of our colleague, the\nHonorable Helen Delich Bentley, who will be leaving the House after\nmany fine years of service. I know that many of her colleagues are\njoining me in honoring Helen Bentley for the outstanding job she has\ndone in representing the people of Maryland's Second Congressional\nDistrict.\n Indeed, Helen has been a tireless advocate for the people of the\nBaltimore area. She has always had the best interests of the working-\nclass people of her district at heart. Helen Bentley has never backed\ndown from a challenge. She has been a selfless, hard-working defender\nfor the people of Maryland and indeed, America and her workers.\n Helen Bentley is as tough as nails, but I know she has a heart of\ngold. She is forceful and passionate, but caring and thoughtful. You\nalways know where she stands.\n She has been, and I am sure, will continue to be a leader on issues\nimportant to all working Americans. Helen Bentley will be sorely missed\nin the people's House, and I want her to know that her shoes will be\nvery tough to fill.\n Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my colleagues to join me in praising Helen\nDelich Bentley for her years of outstanding service to the House of\nRepresentatives, and in wishing her the best in the years that lie\nahead.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE35", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Susan Molinari\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. SUSAN MOLINARI\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to say farewell and pay tribute to\nour colleague, Helen Bentley. I had the honor of serving with her on\nthe Public Works and Transportation Committee for 2 years.\n Helen used her position on the Committee to focus on and improve the\ninfrastructure of her district. There, as well as on the Merchant\nMarine and Fisheries and Appropriations Committees, she has pushed\ntirelessly to improve Baltimore's port and to strengthen America's\nmerchant marine fleet.\n As a representative of a maritime district very similar to Helen's, I\nhave deep respect for her fervor in defending manufacturing and\nmaritime industries--industries that are suffering due to years of\nneglect.\n We will all miss Helen and the causes she so ably supported will need\na new champion. Though another champion like Helen will be hard to come\nby, I think fifty or sixty of us might be able to try and compensate\nfor her departure.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE36", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Marcy Kaptur\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY\n\n HON. MARCY KAPTUR\n\n of ohio\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, at the end of the 103d Congress, the House\nof Representatives will lose an extraordinary colleague, a remarkable\nwoman and a very treasured friend, Congresswoman Helen Delich Bentley.\n I rise in tribute to this distinguished Congresswoman, a\nCongresswoman known for her independent thinking and fierce dedication\nto the representation of the people--the people of her 2d congressional\ndistrict, the people of Maryland and the people of the United States of\nAmerica.\n A woman who for years was ahead of her time, Mrs. Bentley started her\ncareer as a newspaper reporter, a field that in 1945 was dominated by\nmen. As a reporter on the Baltimore Sun the waterfront was one of her\nprimary beats, an area that was rarely frequented by women. But, the\nlack of a female presence in her field did not prove an obstacle to\nMrs. Bentley. Fearlessly and relentlessly, she faced the challenge and\nultimately earned the title of ``expert'' in the field of maritime\nissues.\n In recognition of her expertise, in 1969, Mrs. Bentley was bestowed\nthe extraordinary honor of being the first woman to be appointed by a\nPresident to head a regulatory agency as well as the honor of being the\nfirst woman to hold the position of Chairman of the Maritime\nCommission.\n As Chair of the Maritime Commission, Mrs. Bentley protected the\nAmerican shipping fleet and the interests of the American people and\neconomy while simultaneously earning the respect and admiration of the\ninternational maritime community--which by no means was an easy feat.\n Mrs. Bentley's many successes are attributable to her courage in the\nface of criticism, her keen intelligence, her ability to think clearly\non her feet, her contagious enthusiasm and her boundless amount of\nenergy. These same attributes have served her well in her five terms as\nCongresswoman for the Second Congressional District of Maryland.\n Mrs. Bentley, known endearingly as the ``Fighting Lady,'' a straight\nshooter, a doer, has spent her entire congressional career fighting for\nthe working people of our Nation. She has been a tireless advocate on\nbehalf of fair trade and has fought to keep high paying jobs from\nmoving offshore.\n Mrs. Bentley has been quoted as saying that ``I am a great believer\nthat God looks over you.'' May God continue to look over Mrs. Bentley\nas she begins the next exciting chapter of her life--one which will\nsurely include helping the working people of our Nation.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE37", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "A TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Benjamin A. Gilman\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN\n\n of new york\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is my privilege to join our colleagues in\npaying tribute to the gentlelady from Maryland, Mrs. Helen Delich\nBentley.\n I remember Mrs. Bentley's first election to the Congress in 1984,\nbecause her reputation preceded her: a reputation as a no-nonsense, get\nthings done individual, which was earned during her numerous careers as\na successful businesswoman, newspaper reporter and editor, and Chairman\nof the Federal Maritime Commission.\n Helen Bentley's mark on this chamber will not be soon forgotten. Her\nservice on the Appropriations Committee, especially on the Subcommittee\non Labor, Health & Human Services, and Education, as well as on the\nSubcommittee on Military Construction, established her reputation as an\neasily accessible as well as a highly knowledgeable colleague.\n Quite often, when a Member of Congress retires, we are hard pressed\nto find a suitable way to memorialize that Member. This is not the case\nwith Helen Delich Bentley: her memorial is and remains the harbor in\nthe City of Baltimore. Once, Helen told an interviewer, ``I feel like\nthe mother of modern Baltimore.'' This was an entirely apt self-\ndescription: even before coming to the Congress, Helen was working hard\nto modernize and dredge the harbor. Today, Baltimore Harbor is not only\none of the busiest ports anywhere in the world, it is also now\nrecognized as a major tourist and business attraction. This development\nowes more to Helen Delich Bentley than to anyone else.\n Mr. Speaker, I invite all of our colleagues to join me in saluting\nHelen Delich Bentley, and extending our best wishes to her and her\nhusband William, with hopes for a long, healthy, happy and productive\nretirement.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE38", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Romano L. Mazzoli\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE HELEN BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI\n\n of kentucky\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to join my fellow colleagues\nin honoring Representative Helen Bentley.\n As a ``retiree'' myself, Helen and I are experiencing the same happy-\nsad reaction to the end of the session and to the end of our careers as\nMembers of Congress. Although I have been here for a few years longer\nthan Helen, the effects of leaving will be the same for both of us.\n Helen Bentley has served the great people of Maryland's Second\nCongressional District with devotion and integrity. She has been a\ntireless voice for the maritime and shipping industries of Maryland. As\nChairman of the Federal Maritime Commission, Helen led the way to\nincreasing the U.S. merchant marine fleet and expanding the port of\nBaltimore. She has continued her dedication to maritime issues through\nher work on the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries.\n Helen Bentley has also championed efforts to reduce U.S.\ndependability of foreign goods through aggressive ``Buy American''\ncampaigns, sponsoring legislation requiring the federal government to\npurchase goods from U.S. companies.\n As we both start this new phase of life away from Congress, I wish\nfor Helen all the happiness life has to offer.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE39", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "A TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"William O. Lipinski\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n A TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. WILLIAM O. LIPINSKI\n\n of illinois\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I have had the privilege of serving with\nHelen Bentley for the past 10 years as a fellow Member of the House of\nRepresentatives and the past two years we have served together as\ncolleagues on the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine.\n I can confidently say that Helen is the strongest advocate for the\nmaritime industry I have met in my tenure as the Chairman of the\nSubcommittee on Merchant Marine. She has dedicated her life to the\nsupport of maritime issues, from her days as a maritime reporter for\nthe Baltimore Sun, as Chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission--(the\nhighest ranking woman in the Federal Government at that time)--and as\nan active member of the Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee.\n Helen has been a great mentor to me. I admire her hard hitting\nquestioning of witnesses, her expertise and her common sense approach\nto government. I hope Helen will remain a part of the Maritime\ncommunity. Her unwavering dedication to the U.S. Merchant Marine is\nunparalleled. She truly has been the conscience of merchant marine\ncommittee--she will be missed.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE4", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "THE U.S. CUSTOMS SERVICE--A GOOD REORGANIZATION", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"J. J. Pickle\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n THE U.S. CUSTOMS SERVICE--A GOOD REORGANIZATION\n\n ______\n\n HON. J.J. PICKLE\n\n of texas\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, I am submitting today for the Record a copy\nof the recent Washington Post article on reorganization of the U.S.\nCustoms Service and a copy of a letter I recently received from Customs\nCommission Weise which describes the agency's plans in more detail.\n Briefly, the reorganization plan will eliminate its 7 regional and 45\ndistrict/area offices as management layers, and will assign the\nemployees to a nearby port or other Customs facilities. Also, the plan\nwould reduce headquarters staffing by approximately one-third, moving\nthose employees closer to the port level. Customs will not reduce\nservices or personnel at any of its ports of entry. Customs also would\nreduce the number of Special Agent in Charge [SAC] offices from the\nexisting 27 to 20 and establish 5 Strategic Trade Centers to identify\nand attack major trade enforcement issues facing the U.S. Customs\nentered into this plan with the cooperation and support of the Customs\nemployees union. Reorganization of Customs is long overdue and we\nshould all welcome the Commissioner's efforts.\n The Ways and Means Oversight Subcommittee has investigated Customs\noperations for as long as I have been subcommittee chairman, and\ncoordinated our findings with the Subcommittee on Trade.\n For decades, Customs operated in a world of ``good old boy''\nnetworks, ineffective enforcement strategies, and layers of management\nwhich stifled efficiency and focus. Allegations of wrongdoing within\nthe agency plagued Customs and little was being done to address the\nsituation. Part of the problem, I believe, was that Customs wasn't\naccountable to anyone at Treasury or in the Congress.\n In 1988, the subcommittee initiated a top to bottom review and\ninvestigation of Customs. As a result, the subcommittee issued a report\ntitled, ``Abuse and Mismanagement in U.S. Customs Operations.'' This\n1990 report contained 16 findings and 57 administrative recommendations\nfor change. The subcommittee found that: Customs' commercial services\nhad deteriorated and its systems were seriously flawed; management\ndecisions were made without supporting data or analysis; Customs'\naccounting controls were in total disarray, including evidence of lost\nmoney from duty collections and seized property auctions; and, abuse\nexisted in the handling of employee complaints and management of\ninspector overtime pay.\n Since the subcommittee's report, most of the subcommittee's\nrecommendations were implemented by Customs. Further, legislation\nadopted by the Congress in NAFTA contained the Customs Modernization\nAct provisions which allows for electronic processing of Customs\ntransactions, and provides for uniform treatment of imports across\nports. All of these administrative and legislative changes were\ncritical to making Customs a first-class agency.\n Finally, the critical step required to bring Customs into the 21st\ncentury is the action Customs proposes in its reorganization plan. I\napplaud Commissioner Weise for his tenacity in taking on this tough\nissue and urge us all to support him.\n\n [From the Washington Post, Oct. 3, 1994]\n\nCustoms Service Begins a Major, Reorganization: First Restructuring in\n 30 Years Shifts 600 Jobs to Field Offices\n\n (By Stephen Barr)\n\n The U.S. Customs Service, faulted in past years for\n failures in enforcing trade laws and curbing illegal imports,\n has embarked on a reorganization aimed at improving service\n at 301 ports of entry nationwide.\n The restructuring will move 600 headquarters positions to\n the field and eliminate the agency's seven regional and 45\n district offices. Twenty Customs Management Centers will be\n created to help with internal administration, and five\n Strategic Trade Centers will be established to address\n international trade issues.\n ``We're looking at this as a reinvestment of resources,''\n said Customs Commissioner George J. Weise, who notified\n Congress last Friday that the agency was ready to overhaul an\n organizational structure that has been in place for 30 years.\n ``The basic thrust of the reorganization is that we're\n going to put more people on the front lines doing customer\n work and have fewer people in administrative capacities and\n managerial capacities.'' Weise said.\n The Customs Service is part of the Treasury Department, and\n in announcing the reorganization. Treasury Secretary Lloyd\n Bentsen said the department ``recognizes the need to adjust\n our business practices in order to deliver improved\n services.'' Vice President Gore,who has supported efforts to\n streamline federal bureaucracies, said the Customs initiative\n ``serves as a guide for other government agencies to\n follow.''\n Established in 1789 to collect tariffs and duties, the\n Customs Service has always been an important source of\n revenue for the government. In 1993, it collected $21.5\n billion, second only to the Internal Revenue Service.\n Besides collecting tariffs and inspecting imports, the\n Customs Service also processes about 448 million people who\n arrive in the United States each year by car, ship or plane.\n Customs employs about 18,000 people, with a staff of about\n 1,800 at its Washington headquarters. The headquarters\n reorganization will begin immediately, with the field\n restructuring to begin a year from now, said Weise, a former\n staff director of the House Ways and Means trade\n subcommittee.\n Planning for the reorganization began last year under the\n direction of Deputy Customs Commissioner Michael H. Lane.\n Lane's task force included officials from Customs, the\n Immigration and Naturalization Service and representatives\n from the National Treasury Employees Union (NTEU). The task\n force met with groups from trade and shipping industries.\n Customs was ``not a sick or ailing agency,'' Weise said,\n but in need of change. The agency had been criticized in\n Congress and by the General Accounting Office for poor\n management practices, including lax handling of seized drugs\n and weapons, he said. Gore's ``reinventing government''\n report and budget constraints added to the impetus for\n change, he said.\n Larger issues--such as the enactment of the North American\n Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the conclusion of the\n Uruguay Round of trade talks under the auspices of the\n General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)--also will\n provide challenges for the Customs Services, according to the\n agency's reorganization report, ``People, Processes and\n Partnerships.''\n To address major trade issues, Weise said Customs would\n create Strategic Trade Centers in Los Angeles, Dallas-Fort\n Worth, Chicago, Miami and New York. Miami, for example, would\n specialize in Caribbean and South American issues, while the\n Los Angeles office would develop expertise on the new\n economic powers along the so-called Pacific Rim.\n Up to 20 employees with experience in inspection, imports,\n intelligence and computers will staff each center.\n The staff at the trade centers ``will step back from our\n day-to-day work,'' Weise said. ``We have traditionally\n attempted to deal with trade problems on a case-by-case,\n transaction-by-transaction basis, as we try to catch\n violators. What this will do is try to deal with some of our\n more difficult trade problems * * * [and] come up with a more\n strategic approach to carrying out more effectively our\n commercial trade responsibilities.''\n The trade centers, Weise said, will deal with old issues\n like trade fraud in textiles and new issues like the\n protection of intellectual property rights.\n But the biggest changes will hit the agency's mid-\n management and senior ranks, as Customs eliminates regional\n and district offices, Weise said. Regional commissioners and\n their deputies will move to new jobs, some with less status\n or prestige.\n When the reorganization is finished in about three years,\n tentative projections show that 800 to 1,400 positions will\n be shifted to the Nation's ports.\n ``The fundamental building block of this is that we are\n going to maintain and enhance all 300 ports of entry where we\n serve the public today * * * where people enter the country\n themselves or bring merchandise through. That's where we want\n to deliver our service,'' Weise said.\n Under the reorganization, port directors will be granted\n expanded authority to make decisions. Ten assistant\n commissioners will provide oversight of Customs operations,\n with a new assistant commissioner for field operations\n expected to provide strong leadership in the agency.\n The 20 Customs Management Centers--ranging from San Diego\n to Boston, from San Juan to Detroit--will provide\n administrative support for the ports, with each center\n employing only 15 to 20 people. Baltimore has been designated\n as the home for the mid-Atlantic management center.\n ``It's a reorganization that has been done right from the\n beginning,'' said NTEU President Robert M. Tobias. ``It was\n started without preconceptions and a focus on the mission of\n the Customs Service * * * I think this conceivably is a win\n for everybody.''\n ____\n\n The Commissioner of Customs,\n\n Washington, DC, September 30, 1994.\n Hon. J.J. Pickle,\n House of Representatives, Washington, DC.\n Dear Congressman Pickle: Today, I am proud to provide you\n with the Customs Reorganization Plan Report, ``People,\n Processes and Partnerships.'' The Treasury Department and the\n Vice President's National Performance Review have endorsed\n this plan. I trust that you will also find it to be an\n excellent concept which embodies the spirit and substance of\n the Administration's National Performance Review (NPR). It is\n a plan which will enable Customs to be one of the most\n effective, efficient and adaptable agencies in the Federal\n sector and better able to meet the challenges of the 21st\n century.\n Customs proposes to reorganize around its core business\n processes and to emphasize the needs of its customers. The\n focal point of the reorganization will be Customs 301 ports\n of entry--the operational field level. Under this\n reorganization plan, Customs will not reduce services or\n personnel at any of its ports of entry. Under this plan,\n Customs will not consolidate or close any of its ports.\n Customs will eliminate its 7 regional and 45 district/area\n offices as management layers, and will assign the employees\n of those offices to the port operation in the same location\n or to nearby ports or other Customs facilities. In this\n reorganization, Customs will do its utmost to keep its field\n employees in the locations where they are presently working.\n Although specific details of our reorganization are\n provided in the enclosed report, I would like to bring to\n your attention several key issues and concepts, which relate\n to our central theme ``People, Processes and Partnerships.''\n Our relationship with the National Treasury Employees Union\n (NTEU), the legal representative of Customs employees, now\n also embodies the concepts of the NPR. Representatives of\n NTEU were members of the reorganization study team, and the\n union has expressed its support for the recommendations in\n the report. We believe it is essential that Customs\n management work together with NTEU to bring about the\n improvements to our work force that are needed to achieve our\n vision. I am pleased to advise you that on June 13, 1994,\n Customs entered into a partnership agreement with NTEU. We\n will build on this partnership during the implementation\n of the reorganization to minimize negative impact on our\n employees and to empower employees to make their maximum\n contributions to the mission and goals of the Customs\n Service.\n During the reorganization study, every effort was made to\n involve the trade community, industry, and other Government\n agencies. Their concerns and needs are incorporated in the\n report's recommendations. The report's recommendations have\n also incorporated the wisdom of experts from numerous outside\n sources whose advice and counsel we actively sought\n throughout our study process. The Brookings Institution, the\n Federal Quality Institute (FQI), and the National Academy of\n Public Administration (NAPA) provided invaluable assistance\n during the effort.\n In order to improve our organizational alignment, we will\n reduce Headquarters staffing by approximately one-third,\n moving those employees closer to the port level, where\n possible. Headquarters will be restructured to include a\n Chief Operating Officer and new Assistant Commissioners with\n a renewed focus on core business processes. Our new\n organization will have only three levels instead of the\n existing four levels. This will be accomplished by\n eliminating the existing 7 regions and 45 district/area\n offices as management layers. In their place, we will\n establish 20 Customs Management Centers (CMC)--very small\n area field management entities, transparent to day-to-day\n port operations, performing internal oversight and support\n functions and providing administrative services to the ports.\n A list of the CMC locations is enclosed for your information.\n We will also reduce the number of Special Agent In Charge\n (SAC) offices from the existing 27 to 20. Where possible, the\n SAC offices will be collocated with the CMC's. In addition,\n we will establish five Strategic Trade Centers (STC) to\n identify and attack major trade enforcement issues facing the\n United States. A list of the STC locations is also enclosed\n for your information.\n We anticipate that the organizational restructuring\n contemplated under the reorganization will permit a more\n effective use of personnel and resources. For example, our\n strategy calls for the retraining and reallocation of\n approximately 600-750 positions from central control and\n administrative type offices to locations where our core\n services are provided. Of course, any final decisions about\n reinvestment of resources will be made by the President and\n the Congress.\n To improve the overall management of Customs, we will\n implement a method of managing the Customs Service through\n business processes. We will develop a portfolio of management\n tools and statistically based compliance measurement systems\n to support this new management approach. We will improve\n service and performance by identifying customer expectations\n and establishing customer service standards.\n This organization and its people have made vast\n contributions to almost every aspect of American life over\n the history of the Nation. The proposed reorganization is\n intended to ensure the continuation of that proud tradition\n and to even greater contributions in the future.\n Customs is available for briefings to provide further\n detail on our reorganization and our approach to\n implementation of process management. I ask your support to\n help Customs achieve our new vision and organizational\n realignment.\n Sincerely,\n George J.Weise,\n Commissioner.\n Enclosures.\n\n CUSTOMS MANAGEMENT CENTERS AND SPECIAL AGENT IN CHARGE\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n Management area City\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\nNorth Atlantic...................................... Boston.\nNew York............................................ New York.\nMid Atlantic........................................ Baltimore.\nSouth Atlantic...................................... Atlanta.\nNorth Florida....................................... Tampa.\nSouth Florida....................................... Miami.\nPuerto Rico/Virgin Islands.......................... San Juan.\nGulf................................................ New Orleans.\nEast Texas.......................................... Houston.\nSouth Tezas......................................... Laredo.\nWest Texas/New Mexico............................... El Paso.\nArizona............................................. Tucson.\nSouthern California................................. San Diego.\nSouth Pacific....................................... Los Angeles.\nMid Pacific......................................... San Francisco.\nNorth Pacific....................................... Seattle.\nGreat Plains........................................ Denver.\nMid America......................................... Chicago.\nWest Great Lakes.................................... Detroit.\nEast Great Lakes.................................... Buffalo.\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n STRATEGIC TRADE CENTER\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n Trade area City\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\nPacific Rim......................................... Los Angeles.\nMexico/Central America.............................. Dallas/Ft. Worth.\nCanada.............................................. Chicago.\nCaribbean/South America............................. Miami.\nEurope/Africa/Middle East........................... New York.\n------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE40", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Philip M. Crane\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. PHILIP M. CRANE\n\n of illinois\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, a number of Members of this House of\nRepresentatives of the 103d Congress, for various reasons, will not be\nwith us in the 104th Congress. And of that group, one who will be\nsorely missed is our colleague from Maryland, Helen Bentley.\n Helen will have spent a decade in this chamber when she casts her\nfinal vote this year. She will leave behind her a distinguished career,\nhighlighted by her efforts as a member of the House Committee on\nMerchant Marine and Fisheries and the House Appropriations Committee.\nHer knowledge of maritime issues paid big dividends for her\nconstituents in the port city of Baltimore.\n She will always be remembered as a fighter. Once she decided a cause\nwas just, she dug in and did battle with the best of her colleagues--\nand more times than not she was the victor.\n She was internationally known as one of this nation's leading experts\non the maritime industry when she arrived in the House of\nRepresentatives. Her knowledge in the field led to her appointment as\nChairman of the Federal Maritime Commission by President Richard Nixon.\nIn the House, she earned a fine reputation not only on maritime issues,\nbut also on fair trade practices and a strong national defense.\n This daughter of Serbian immigrant parents began her collegiate\nstudies in her native state at the University of Nevada at Reno * * *\ncontinued it at night here in Washington at George Washington\nUniversity * * * and completed her studies for a degree in journalism\nat the University of Missouri, graduating the same day her mother\nbecame a citizen of the United States almost 1,000 miles away in Ely,\nNevada. Her determination to gain an education was often reflected in\nlater years in her determination to fight for a just cause and to fight\nfor her Maryland constituents.\n The congressional contributions and the friendship of Helen Bentley\nwill long be remembered.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE41", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSWOMAN HELEN BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"James H. (Jimmy) Quillen\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSWOMAN HELEN BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN\n\n of tennessee\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, of all of my colleagues who are leaving the\nHouse at the end of this Congress, I will miss none more than Helen\nBentley, my good friend and distinguished Member of Congress from\nMaryland. Her dedication and patriotism are models that we can all\nstrive to emulate, and her tenacity in the pursuit of what she believes\nto be right is second to none.\n I first knew of Helen when she chaired the Federal Maritime\nCommission under President Nixon. She gave the Commission strong\nleadership that it had not previously known. I remember vividly when\nHelen took the tanker Manhattan on a voyage through the Northwest\nPassage to prove that the icy waters were passable. Her passionate\ncommitment to revitalizing the American maritime industry was evident\nthen, as it has been evident ever since.\n Since her arrival in Congress in 1985, Helen Bentley has been a\ndefender of American interests, American jobs, and America's place in\nthe world. Many remember her use of a sledgehammer on a Japanese\ntelevision to protest one company's hostile trading practices, and this\nis indicative of the zeal with which Helen pursues her goals. I have\nworked with her on maritime issues over the years, and she has been of\ninvaluable help in getting things done.\n Her crusade against NAFTA, although unsuccessful, opened many eyes\nand made a lot of people think. With NAFTA then, just as with GATT now,\nHelen has turned her journalistic eye towards the issues and made us\nrealize what the effect of these mammoth agreements might be on the\nworking men and women of her district--and of others.\n The House will miss Helen Bentley's presence a great deal, but she\nwill not be far away. I hope to continue to consult with her on\nmaritime issues and other areas of concern, and I know that new\nopportunities will continue to come her way. Helen, please keep in\ntouch, and thanks again for your service and your friendship.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE42", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO HELEN DELICH BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Barbara F. Vucanovich\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO HELEN DELICH BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. BARBARA F. VUCANOVICH\n\n of nevada\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mrs. VUCANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, it is an honor for me to speak in\nrecognition of my good friend and colleague who has been my friend for\nmany years. This woman, Helen Delich Bentley, has represented her\nDistrict, the Second District of Maryland, with energy and enthusiasm.\n Helen is not a typical Republican in many ways. She has battled for\nthe American worker and is fiercely protectionist. She will long be\nremembered for smashing a sledgehammer on a T.V. set made by Toshiba, a\ncompany which exported secret products to the Soviets, as well as her\nBuy America slogans.\n Helen grew up in a Nevada mining town and has never forgotten her\nroots. Nevada still considers Helen one of her own. She is tough but\ntender; cares about her friends and family; and will be sorely missed\nby all of us in the 103d Congress. I know we have not heard the last\nfrom Helen Bentley. I hope not.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE43", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Jack Fields\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY\n\n ______\n\n HON. JACK FIELDS\n\n of texas\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. FIELDS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to one\nof the most energetic, tenacious, and delightful Members of Congress,\nmy good friend, Helen Bentley.\n Since coming to the House in 1984, Helen has been the most outspoken\nadvocate of the United States merchant marine since Wesley Jones, the\nfather of the maritime Jones Act, served in Congress at the beginning\nof this Century. This House has benefitted immensely from her knowledge\nof America's maritime history and her efforts to preserve our merchant\nmarine.\n Helen Bentley has been a staunch defender of our cargo preference\nlaws--laws that were passed to support our commercial fleets. This\ndiminutive lady from Baltimore has struck fear in the hearts of many\nFederal officials, including a few Admirals and Generals, who had\nfailed to honor the letter and spirit of those laws.\n She has proven herself a very able, and persuasive legislator for\nAmerica's maritime industries. More than once, Helen has marched across\nthe aisle or across the Capitol to ``discuss'' issues with a Member or\nSenator who had a slightly different view of an issue than she did.\nQuite often after these ``discussions'', legislation proceeded\nrepresenting the views of the gentlelady from Maryland.\n I will personally miss seeing her in action at a Committee meeting or\non the floor of the House in defense of the merchant marine. That\nspirit--that level of understanding of our Federal laws--that energy\nwill be impossible to replace.\n Mr. Speaker, this House is losing one of its most capable\nlegislators. Fortunately, Helen has promised she will not be far away.\n I appreciate this opportunity to salute my dear friend and to commend\nher on a truly outstanding legislative career. I wish her God speed.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE44", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "IN HONOR OF ACADEMIC HIGH SCHOOL, RANKED AMONG NEW JERSEY'S BEST", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Robert Menendez\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n IN HONOR OF ACADEMIC HIGH SCHOOL, RANKED AMONG NEW JERSEY'S BEST\n\n ______\n\n HON. ROBERT MENENDEZ\n\n of new jersey\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today before the House of\nRepresentatives to pay tribute to Academic High School. This high\nschool has continually been ranked one of the best public schools in\nthe State of New Jersey, and recently has been ranked one of the top 21\nbest high schools in the State of New Jersey by New Jersey Monthly\nmagazine.\n Academic High School was established in 1976 as a college preparatory\npublic school for highly motivated students. Academic maintains an\nethnically diverse population of 30 percent African-American, 30\npercent Caucasian, 30 percent Hispanic and 10 percent of other\nethnicities. Prospective students must undergo a highly selective\nscreening process. This process is based on the student's elementary\nschool performance, standardized tests, recommendations, attendance and\nparticipation in extracurricular activities. With a student-teacher\nratio of 15:1, every student's individual academic needs can be\naddressed. The faculty shows a great deal of dedication to their work.\nThis is exemplified by the fact that 51.9 percent of the teachers hold\nmaster's degrees, which is well above the State average. Academic High\nSchool has also gone out of their way to become accredited by the\nMiddle States Association, which is an accomplishment worthy of being\nrecognized.\n The students of Academic High School have consistently dominated the\nHudson County Science Fair and in 1993 they were awarded five of the\neight gold medals. Academic students have won trips to the\nInternational Science Fair in six of its seven annual competitions.\nAcademic students have distinguished themselves by qualifying as\nNational Merit Semifinalists as well as attending the Governor's\nSchools and St. Peter's College Summer Scholars Program. Students have\nalso been recognized by receiving the New York Times Young Citizen\nAward and placing first in the Kiwanis/Key Club Essay Contest. With\nachievements such as these it is not surprising that 96.9 percent of\nthe graduates go on to attend 4-year colleges, including the most\ncompetitive colleges, such as Harvard, Yale, MIT, and Cornell.\n Urban education has reached a time of crisis and Academic High School\nhas proven that public schools can overcome this and achieve great\nsuccess. I am proud to have a school in my district that can be looked\nupon as a model for other schools to follow in the hopes that they too\ncan achieve the level of excellence that Academic High School has\nworked so hard to maintain.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE45", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "TRIBUTE TO RON DE LUGO", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Eni F. H. Faleomavaega\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n TRIBUTE TO RON DE LUGO\n\n ______\n\n HON. ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA\n\n of american samoa\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, earlier this year, Congressman Ron de\nLugo, chairman of Natural Resources Subcommittee on Insular Affairs,\nannounced his retirement from the House of Representatives. I have\nknown Ron for 20 years, and have worked closely with him for 6 years\nnow as a Member of Congress.\n I want to give my highest praise to this Member for his work in\nsupport of the U.S. Virgin Islands, all U.S. territories, and in fact,\nfor all of the United States as well.\n Chairman de Lugo's career in public service spans 40 years. Among the\nhighlights of his career are:\n In 1956, he was elected as the youngest member of the Virgin Islands\nLegislature.\n He was elected to be the first seated delegate from the Virgin\nIslands to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1972, and has held that\nposition in every Congress since then, except one.\n He was elected by his Democratic colleagues as a subcommittee\nchairman in 1987, and has been reelected to that position in every\nCongress since that time.\n Mr. Speaker, Ron often mentions the difference in the consideration\nhe is afforded now as opposed to when he first came to this Chamber in\n1968. He rightfully attributes the acknowledgement he now receives to\nthe other Members of this body, for unlike the Representatives from the\nStates, whose rights and obligations are defined by the U.S.\nConstitution, we delegates exist by authority of Federal law, and the\nprivileges to which we are entitled are determined by the Rules of the\nHouse. What Ron is too modest to say, but I will say for him, is that\nif the Members of this body did not find the delegates worthy of the\nresponsibilities they have afforded us, we would not be where we are\ntoday. As the senior delegate from the territories, he is the only\ndelegate who has been here to fight for the rights and privileges we\ncurrently enjoy, and a great deal of the credit for the successes the\ndelegates and the territories have achieved over the past 20 years\nshould be given to Ron de Lugo.\n Mr. Speaker, much has happened to the benefit of the U.S. territories\nsince the time Ron de Lugo began his tenure in Congress. He has played\nan active role in all those changes, and I want to take this\nopportunity to publicly thank and commend his for his lifetime of\nservice to the United States and the U.S. territories.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE46", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONY OF BETH CHAVERIM, VIRGINIA BEACH, VA", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Owen B. Pickett\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONY OF BETH CHAVERIM, VIRGINIA BEACH, VA\n\n ______\n\n HON. OWEN B. PICKETT\n\n of virginia\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. PICKETT. Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure I share with my\ndistinguished colleagues the comments of Rabbi Israel Zoberman at the\nGroundbreaking Ceremony of Beth Chaverim, the Reform Jewish\nCongregation of Virginia Beach, VA, held September 18, 1994.\n Our God, Our Guide, Our Glory, Cherished Friends and Distinguished\nGuests, ``Indeed, this is the beautiful day the Lord has made for us,\nlet us rejoice in it.'' Our cup of joy runneth over as we have gathered\nat this sacred season on our land of promise, this field of dreams, to\ngive thanks for having reached a historic milestone.\n This significant celebration has been made possible through the\nheroic spirit of our beloved Beth Chaverim that has grown from a few\nvisionary and courageous souls, 12 years ago, to a proud congregation\nof about 250 family units. We are here due to the steadfast and zealous\nlabor of love of its members along with the extraordinary welcome and\ngenerosity of the remarkable Church of the Ascension that has been our\nloving home for the past 9 years, allowing us to flourish.\n The unique and incredible interfaith drama which since 1986 is the\nonly such between Catholics and Jews anywhere, has received local,\nnational, and international attention, adding to the noble cause of\nshalom in a changing world. I remain the grateful rabbi of 1,300\nCatholic families, an increase of 500 since our arrival.\n Father Bill Dale watched over us so very devotedly all this time and\nFather Jim Parke, who replaced him recently, continues so tenderly to\nbefriend us. Thank you Bishop Sullivan, who wanted but could not be\nwith us today, for all you have meant to us. What an understanding\nlandlord we have in you. We pledge not to forget a kindness that comes\nfrom deep within the heart. Together we shall build upon our common\nbond, allies in the divine pursuit to create a better world, offering\nthe gift of healing, wholeness and harmony.\n Standing before you in awe and trembling is the son of the saved\nremnant of European Jewry, born in Kazakhstan to Polish Holocaust\nsurvivors, living his tender years in a German Displaced Persons Camp\nand proudly raised in the State of Israel, our Zion restored. I confess\nto my profound conviction that the God of our martyred people led met\nto be the founding rabbi of a new synagogue in a generation that has\nwitnessed both our people's demise and rebirth.\n Beth Chaverim was led into the heart of our beloved city of Virginia\nBeach to grow with it on these precious American shores of freedom and\nhope for humanity. It is good to be in a friendly neighborhood. All we\nseek is to be a blessing; unto ourselves and unto the gracious Jewish\nand general community of Hampton Roads.\n Without Jennifer, my faithful helpmate for 25 years, and our children\nRachel and Harel, I would'nt have come thus far.\n ``We praise You O Lord our God, master of the universe, who has kept\nus alive, has sustained and enabled us to reach this miraculous\noccasion.'' Let us say Amen.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE47", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "WHAT REALLY KILLED HEALTH CARE REFORM THIS YEAR?", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"Philip M. Crane\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n WHAT REALLY KILLED HEALTH CARE REFORM THIS YEAR?\n\n ______\n\n HON. PHILIP M. CRANE\n\n of illinois\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, history may remember the 103d Congress for\nthe attention that was given to the issue of health care reform.\nDespite all of the debate that took place, however, health care reform\nlegislation will not be brought to the House floor for consideration\nbefore adjournment. As my colleagues consider the reasons for the\ndownfall of health care reform this year and prepare to revisit the\nissue in the next Congress, I urge them to read the following editorial\nwhich recently appeared in a newspaper that circulates in my district\nin Illinois The News-Sun. I agree with the editorial's observation\nabout the public's rejection of President Clinton's big government\napproach to health care reform and urge my colleagues to take a closer\nlook at the free market alternatives that have been proposed.\n\n Lessons in failure\n\n At Issue: The failed exercise in health reform should show\n the way to President Clinton and Democratic congressional\n leaders.\n George Mitchell's bitter pronouncement that there will be\n no health reform this year illustrates one reason that the\n effort to remake one-seventh of the U.S. economy was doomed\n from the start: He made a partisan issue of it.\n Health reform died, the Senate majority leader declared,\n because the Republicans killed it. This files in the face of\n political reality.\n Democrats enjoy a 56-44 majority in the Senate and a\n lopsided 256-178 edge in the House. If Democrats had fallen\n in line behind either President Clinton's health reform plan\n or Mitchell's scaled-down plan or Rep. Richard Gephardt's\n alternative plan, they could have passed a health bill this\n year.\n Mitchell claims Republicans have an effective veto in the\n Senate, even though they constitute a minority. Yet, while it\n is true the Democrats would have had to muster 60 votes to\n overcome a Republican filibuster, Mitchell could not raise\n even 51 votes for his or any other plan.\n Senate Minority Leader Bob Dole was quite right when he\n said, ``The Republicans didn't kill health care. The American\n people did.''\n Poll after poll after poll showed that, after a thorough\n public debate, most Americans did not look favorably upon the\n reforms put forward by either the White House or Democratic\n leaders in Congress.\n They didn't like the idea of the government injecting\n itself into the health care system. They were understandably\n wary of any plan that would put the government between them\n and their doctors.\n And that's precisely what the Clinton-Gephardt-Mitchell\n plans would have done. All would have limited a patient's\n choices in doctors and hospitals. All would have imposed a\n one-size-fits-all basic health plan. And all would have\n required massive new taxes.\n The Democratic approach gave short shrift to the fact that\n 85 percent of Americans had health insurance. Instead their\n proposals, which placed a priority on universal coverage were\n directed primarily toward the 15 percent of Americans who\n lack health insurance for some period or another.\n The White House also ignored the fact that 80 percent of\n Americans are satisfied with the medical coverage provided by\n their insurance. Instead, the administration, decided to\n depict the insurance industry as greedy concerns that brought\n the health care system, in Hillary Clinton's words, ``to the\n brink of bankruptcy.\n Finally, Clinton-Gephardt-Mitchell conveniently overlooked\n the fact that 75 percent of Americans are happy with the\n quality of care they receive.\n The death of health reform is a textbook example of how\n misbegotten public policy can go awry in the face of popular\n opposition.\n If President Clinton and Democratic congressional leaders\n have learned anything from this failed exercise, perhaps they\n will work with Republicans next year to craft a far less\n intrusive health reform plan that most Americans can support.\n\n ____________________"], ["CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE48", "1994-10-08", 103, 2, null, null, "ACTION NEEDED IN KASHMIR", "HOUSE", "EXTENSIONS", "FRONTMATTER", "E", "E", "[{\"name\": \"James H. Bilbray\", \"role\": \"speaking\"}]", null, "140 Cong. Rec. E", "Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)\n\n[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)]\n[Extensions of Remarks]\n[Page E]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]\n\n[Congressional Record: October 8, 1994]\nFrom the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]\n\n ACTION NEEDED IN KASHMIR\n\n ______\n\n HON. JAMES H. BILBRAY\n\n of nevada\n\n in the house of representatives\n\n Friday, October 7, 1994\n\n Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to bring to my fellow Members'\nattention, a matter of grave international concern that has\nunfortunately gone largely unnoticed as we tangle with the thorny\nissues of Haiti and Bosnia. I speak of the continued conflict between\nPakistan and India over Kashmir.\n For too long the people of Kashmir have continued to be deprived the\nright to self determination. Through occupation and intimidation, the\nregion has been denied the most basic right to determine its own future\nand destiny. This conflict has not only hurt the people of Kasmir, but\nhas also led to a particularly delicate and dangerous standoff between\nIndia and Pakistan. This conflict has not only disastrous possibilities\nfor these two countries, but could destabilize a region that is\nbecoming more intricately economically connected to the United States'\nnational interest.\n Because of other ongoing situations, the Kashmir conflict has become\nlargely forgotten, although it remains as heated and as dangerous as\nany in the world. It is imperative that the leaders of Pakistan and\nIndia show the moral courage necessary to settle this conflict and to\nrestabilize not only the lives of the people of Kashmir but of the\nwhole region. In order to encourage this outcome, I call on Chairman\nAckerman's Foreign Affairs Subcommittee to hold hearings on this issue,\nexploring both the views of India and Pakistan and possible resolutions\nto the conflict. In addition, it is imperative that the United Nations\nshow the kind of leadership necessary to steer toward a peaceful\noutcome of the Kashmir questions.\n I encourage all my colleagues to join me in bringing attention to\nKashmir and in supporting a peaceful and equitable resolution to the\nconflict.\n\n ____________________"]], "truncated": false, "filtered_table_rows_count": 9621, "expanded_columns": [], "expandable_columns": [], "columns": ["granule_id", "date", "congress", "session", "volume", "issue", "title", "chamber", "granule_class", "sub_granule_class", "page_start", "page_end", "speakers", "bills", "citation", "full_text"], "primary_keys": ["granule_id"], "units": {}, "query": {"sql": "select granule_id, date, congress, session, volume, issue, title, chamber, granule_class, sub_granule_class, page_start, page_end, speakers, bills, citation, full_text from congressional_record where \"congress\" = :p0 order by date desc limit 101", "params": {"p0": "103"}}, "facet_results": {"chamber": {"name": "chamber", "type": "column", "hideable": false, "toggle_url": "/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103", "results": [{"value": "HOUSE", "label": "HOUSE", "count": 5988, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&chamber=HOUSE", "selected": false}, {"value": "SENATE", "label": "SENATE", "count": 3588, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&chamber=SENATE", "selected": false}, {"value": "", "label": "", "count": 45, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&chamber=", "selected": false}], "truncated": false}, "granule_class": {"name": "granule_class", "type": "column", "hideable": false, "toggle_url": "/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103", "results": [{"value": "HOUSE", "label": "HOUSE", "count": 3481, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&granule_class=HOUSE", "selected": false}, {"value": "SENATE", "label": "SENATE", "count": 3418, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&granule_class=SENATE", "selected": false}, {"value": "EXTENSIONS", "label": "EXTENSIONS", "count": 2378, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&granule_class=EXTENSIONS", "selected": false}, {"value": "DAILYDIGEST", "label": "DAILYDIGEST", "count": 341, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&granule_class=DAILYDIGEST", "selected": false}, {"value": "", "label": "", "count": 3, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&granule_class=", "selected": false}], "truncated": false}, "congress": {"name": "congress", "type": "column", "hideable": false, "toggle_url": "/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103", "results": [{"value": 103, "label": 103, "count": 9621, "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json", "selected": true}], "truncated": false}}, "suggested_facets": [{"name": "page_start", "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&_facet=page_start"}, {"name": "page_end", "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&_facet=page_end"}, {"name": "citation", "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&_facet=citation"}, {"name": "date", "type": "date", "toggle_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&_facet_date=date"}], "next": "1994-10-08,CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE48", "next_url": "https://www.pawtectors.org/openregs/congressional_record.json?congress=103&_next=1994-10-08%2CCREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE48&_sort_desc=date", "private": false, "allow_execute_sql": true, "query_ms": 1229.130740975961, "source": "Federal Register API & Regulations.gov API", "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/developers/api/v1", "license": "Public Domain (U.S. Government data)", "license_url": "https://www.regulations.gov/faq"}