granule_id,date,congress,session,volume,issue,title,chamber,granule_class,sub_granule_class,page_start,page_end,speakers,bills,citation,full_text CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD,1994-12-20,103,2,,,Daily Digest/Senate,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDSCHAMBER,D,D,,,140 Cong. Rec. D,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Daily Digest] [Page D] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Daily Digest Senate Chamber Action The Senate was not in session. It will next meet on January 4, 1995, at 12 noon." CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD2,1994-12-20,103,2,,,Daily Digest/Senate Committee Meetings,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDSCMEETINGS,D,D,,,140 Cong. Rec. D,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Daily Digest] [Page D] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] Committee Meetings No committee meetings were held." CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD3,1994-12-20,103,2,,,Daily Digest/House of Representatives,HOUSE,DAILYDIGEST,DDHCHAMBER,D,D,,,140 Cong. Rec. D,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Daily Digest] [Page D] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] House of Representatives Chamber Action The House was not in session. It will next meet on January 4, 1995, at 12 noon." CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD4,1994-12-20,103,2,,,Daily Digest/House Committee Meetings,HOUSE,DAILYDIGEST,DDHCMEETINGS,D,D,,,140 Cong. Rec. D,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Daily Digest] [Page D] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] Committee Meetings No committee meetings were held." CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgD5,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"Daily Digest/CONGRESSIONAL RECORD The public proceedings of each House of Congress, as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to directions of the Joint Committee on...",HOUSE,DAILYDIGEST,DDALLOTHER,D,D,,,140 Cong. Rec. D,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Daily Digest] [Page D] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] CONGRESSIONAL RECORD The public proceedings of each House of Congress, as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to directions of the Joint Committee on Printing as authorized by appropriate provisions of Title 44, United States Code, and published for each day that one or both Houses are in session, excepting very infrequent instances when two or more unusually small consecutive issues are printed at one time. The Congressional Record is available as an online database through GPO Access, a service of the U.S. Government Printing Office. 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Follow the instructions on the screen to register for a subscription for the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access. For assistance, contact the GPO Access User Support Team by sending Internet e-mail to help@eids05.eids.gpo.gov, or a fax to (202) 512-1262, or by calling (202) 512-1530 between 7 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern time, Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The Congressional Record paper and 24x microfiche will be furnished by mail to subscribers, free of postage, at the following prices: paper edition, $112.50 for six months, $225 per year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue, payable in advance; microfiche edition, $118 per year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue payable in advance. The semimonthly Congressional Record Index may be purchased for the same per issue prices. Remit check or money order, made payable to the Superintendent of Documents, directly to the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Following each session of Congress, the daily Congressional Record is revised, printed, permanently bound and sold by the Superintendent of Documents in individual parts or by sets. With the exception of copyrighted articles, there are no restrictions on the republication of material from the Congressional Record. _______________________________________________________________________ Next Meeting of the SENATE 12 noon, Wednesday, January 4, 1995 Senate Chamber Program for Wednesday: Convening of the One Hundred Fourth Congress. Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 12 noon, Wednesday, January 4, 1995 House Chamber Program for Wednesday: Convening of the One Hundred Fourth Congress. _______________________________________________________________________ Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue HOUSE Bevill, Tom, Ala., E2380, E2382 Brown, George E., Jr., Calif., E2384 Crane, Philip M., Ill., E2386 Dingell, John D., Mich., E2380 Ford, William D., Mich., E2382 Gilman, Benjamin A., N.Y., E2378, E2380 Hilliard, Earl F., Ala., E2377 Machtley, Ronald K., R.I., E2376 Mazzoli, Romano L., Ky., E2379, E2382, E2384 Menendez, Robert, N.J., E2384 Miller, George, Calif., E2381 Rangel, Charles B., N.Y., E2379 Roemer, Tim, Ind., E2385 Rose, Charlie, N.C., E2380 Stark, Fortney Pete, Calif., E2375, E2378, E2383, E2385 Stokes, Louis, Ohio, E2388, E2389 Waxman, Henry A., Calif., E2385" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE,1994-12-20,103,2,,,E X T E N S I O N O F R E M A R K S,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Fortney Pete Stark"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] E X T E N S I O N O F R E M A R K S MANAGED CARE IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: IT MAY BE DANGEROUS TO YOUR HEALTH ______ HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, in an effort to control Medicaid costs and to use the savings to expand coverage to additional uninsured residents, the Department of Health and Human Services has been granting Medicaid waivers to some States to experiment with various managed care systems. The people being ``experimented'' on are poor people, people who have historically been unable to obtain adequate, dependable, quality health care. One of the waivers which has been granted is to the District of Columbia. Following are some memos I've received from the House District of Columbia Committee Staff members indicating some severe problems with HHS's oversight of and the District government's operation of the D.C. program. It is imperative that HHS give more attention to the operation of the District's program. The new leadership in the District government must take steps to improve the program and to ensure that private contractors are providing quality care to this vulnerable population. The managed care problems in the District of Columbia are also occurring in other jurisdictions. HHS's entire ``waiver'' program needs strong congressional oversight in the 104th Congress. November 7, 1994. To: Pete Stark From: Staff Re: D.C. Medicaid Managed Care Over the last few days I've talked to HCFA, several providers, community groups, and others about the District's new mandatory Medicaid managed care program. There appear to be several serious problems. Five major problems include: 1. Recipients do not know they've been moved into managed care, how it works or that they've been assigned to an HMO. The District's procedures for informing recipients about the managed care program and getting them transferred in are inadequate. The three hospital outpatient clinics I've talked to estimate that 70-80 percent of their patients show up to get care and have no knowledge of the program, or of any choice they were supposed to make about doctors. The District's own data indicates that less that 25 percent of all beneficiaries choose a doctor during the 10-day choice period, while the other 75 percent (a large majority of whom later attempt to change) are assigned one. There are a number of practices that appear to contribute to the problem: letters sent to recipients explaining the program and what the recipient needs to do are unintelligible (I have read them, and without great effort cannot make them out), and are not accompanied by any other efforts to educate recipients about the program; the letters provide misleading and incomplete information; there is no follow up when a letter comes backs indicating an address change, etc; the 10-day ``choice period'' is horribly inadequate and by the time recipients actually get the letter, translates to a 2-3 day choice period; recipients are not being contacted within the required 30-day time frame by the HMO/doctor to whom they've been assigned; and according to counsel for a class action suit being brought against the District\1\ provider lists are not even being sent to many recipients (they should be sent to recipients along with the letter informing them they have 10 days to choose). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\The suit includes six claims--all relating to problems in the District's overall Medicaid eligibility determination process. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Recipients have great difficulty disenrolling from a plan once they've been assigned to it, or believe they cannot disenroll (recipients should be able to disenroll at any time, without cause, by simply calling the program's ``HelpLine''--the central number that handles all enrollment, disenrollment, eligibility verification, and payment issues). Because such a small percentage of recipients actually select a doctor during the 10 day period they are given to make a selection, this problem affects the large majority of beneficiaries. The problem is apparently caused by a combination of factors: inability to get through to the ``Helpline'' (in a test of the system last Friday, I was on hold for 1 hour and 15 minutes before I hung up); incorrect information given by ``Helpline'' staff to recipients about their ability to change and about what they must do in order to change (a number of recipients have been told they must first call their HMO and discuss with them their reasons for wanting to disenroll); misleading information in letters that implies that recipients are not allowed to disenroll beyond a certain date; and slow processing of disenrollment requests (by law, all disenrollments must be processed within 60 days; many recipients, however, have seen waits of 4-5 months). Although the problem has apparently improved somewhat since a private company called First Health temporarily took over the Helpline, there is concern the problem will continue once the District takes back this responsibility. 3. Recipients have difficulty or are unable to get referrals for needed care. This problem has been particularly evident for pregnant women transferred into the program. It occurs when a patient shows up to see their old doctor and finds out she is now in managed care and has been assigned a new doctor. The recipient wants to keep her old doctor and needs treatment then. In order to get treatment at that time from her previous doctor/clinic, the patient is told--despite internal policy that allows the Helpline staff to approve referrals automatically for pregnant women--that she must first get a signed referral from the new primary care provider. Frequently, the new doctor/HMO refuses to provide the referrals, the patient is unable to get in touch with him/her, or it takes several weeks to get the referral. Apart from the issues of disruption is care and choice, the referral problem is exacerbated by the fact that many pregnant women get assigned to pediatricians, interns, and other doctors who don't even do prenatal care, but are classified under the system as ``primary care providers''. Providence hospital has provided us documentation of 35-40 cases they had in a two week period involving pregnant women receiving prenatal care through their outpatient OB-GYN clinic (many of whom were in their last two weeks of pregnancy when they were shifted into managed care) who were unable to get referrals. Although I don't have documentation of this yet, Prudential is apparently going so far as to (illegally) tell their Medicaid members that they--as a rule--can only refer them to providers within their network. 4. Families are being split up under the program such that family members are being assigned to different HMO's or primary care providers. As far as I can tell, this is caused by the District's ``automatic computerized enrollment'' process that currently can only group and assign recipients on the basis of last name. 5. Medicaid recipients enrolled in certain HMO's appear to have access to only a very limited number of the doctors available to non-Medicaid enrollees in the HMOs. I do not yet have documentation of this, but if it is in fact occurring, such a practice would raise serious questions about access and quality of care, and potential questions about violation of current law. ____ November 10, 1994. To: Pete Stark From: Staff Re: D.C. Medicaid Managed Care: HMO Provider Networks Since my last memo I've received a list of the primary care providers in the Prudential and George Washington HMO's, as well as a list of the providers available to Medicaid members enrolled in these HMO's. In both cases, Medicaid members have access to only a small fraction of the network providers available to non-Medicaid members. In addition to dramatically reducing the total number of primary care doctors available to Medicaid recipients--both in terms of the number that would otherwise be available under the District's managed care program, and in terms of the number that were available prior to managed care--the practice of limiting Medicaid enrollees to a subset of an HMO's providers appears to be prohibited under current law. Information on the Prudential and George Washington networks, as well as a summary of current law and regulation affecting Medicaid member's access to HMO provider networks follows. prudential and george washington networks A comparison of the Prudential plans shows that: (a) While the company's complete HMO network (known as the Prudential HMO of the Mid-Atlantic) consists of 836 primary care providers, its current provider network for Medicaid members consists of 41 primary care providers. (b) 426 of the network's 836 providers are within Prudential's own definition of the Washington DC Metro/ Western Maryland Area (and are thus reasonably accessible, in terms of travel time, to District Medicaid recipients). (c) Of the 42 providers listed in Pru's general HMO network within the District itself, 20 are not available to Medicaid enrollees (making any argument that the network was defined by what Providers are most accessible to District beneficiaries moot). (d) And, perhaps most important, 22 of the providers in the provider network open to Medicaid members are not in Prudential's general HMO network. (suggesting potential serious quality of care/credentialing differences that should be examined) A comparison of the George Washington plans shows that: (a) While the CWU HMO allows its non-Medicaid members to choose between two general delivery options--they can choose to receive care through either a network of participating private practice physicians or through one of six Health Care through a Health Care Center. (b) Of the six Health Care Centers available to non- Medicaid members, five are not available to Medicaid members. Medicaid enrollees are limited to receiving care through only one of these six Centers and through one additional Center which is not availiable to GWU's non-Medicaid members. (c) While the GWU HMO consists of more than 540 primary care doctors, a total of only 44 doctors are available to Medicaid members. (d) Of the 540 doctors in GWU's network, however 135 are within the District itself (again, making any argument that the network has been defined to include those doctors most accessible to Medicaid recipients moot) Statutory and Regulatory Requirements for HMO Medicaid Provider Networks 1. Although there are no District (or federal) laws that specifically address whether panels one companies' various plans must be open, there are two District regulations (both included in the District's ``Regulations for Managed Care Providers that serve AFDC and AFDC-related Medicaid Recipients'') that define requirements for access to providers and integration of Medicaid members into HMO health plans. 41 DCR 1766 (2307.5) states that ``each AFDC and AFDC- related Medicaid recipient enrolled in a pre-paid, capitated provider's plan shall receive service through the same health care providers and facilities that serve non-AFDC and AFDC- related Medicaid enrollees.'' 41 DCR 1766 (2307.6) states that ``each AFDC and AFDC- related Medicaid enrollee shall be fully integrated into the prepaid, capitated provider's plan membership and shall not be treated in a manner different from non--AFDC or AFDC- related Medicaid enrollees.'' 2. Although there are no federal statutory or regulatory requirements that specifically address what providers Medicaid and non-Medicaid members must have access to, there are two federal rules that addresses the scope of beneficiaries' access to providers. One focuses on Medicaid members' freedom of choice within an HMO, and another focusses on equality in access. 42 CFR 434.14 states that ``the HMO must * * * make the services it provides to its Medicaid enrollees as accessible to them (in terms of timeliness, amount, duration, and scope) as those services are to nonenrolled Medicaid recipients within the area served by the HMO.'' 42 CFR 434.29 states that ``the contract [between the state and HMO] must allow each enrolled recipient to choose his or her health provider in the HMO to the extent possible and appropriate.'' According to HCFA, this rule is designed to ensure benficiaries' ability (a) to choose--versus be assigned to--providers within an HMO's network, and (b) to select from among all providers within a HMO that are accepting new patients. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE10,1994-12-20,103,2,,,JEFFERSON HIGH SCHOOL BEARS HONORED,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""John D. Dingell"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] JEFFERSON HIGH SCHOOL BEARS HONORED ______ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL of michigan in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to recognize and pay tribute to the newly crowned Michigan High School Athletic Association Class BB football champions who hail from my congressional district, the Jefferson High School Bears. Under the leadership of Head Coach Marc Cisco, Jefferson took the championship by defeating the defending State champion, the East Grand Rapids High School Pioneers. Coach Cisco has worked with assistant coaches John Castiglione, Russ Terrasi, and Dave Porter to oversee the development of a balanced team dedicated to hard work and discipline. Although the opposing team in the State championship game was larger, faster, and viewed by many as the likely winner, the near-flawless play of the Bears enabled them to capture the school's first State championship. The outstanding performance of the Jefferson players is demonstrated by the fact that the team was not assessed one penalty during the game. On offense, the Bears' solid running attack, spearheaded by Jeff Kenney, Tony Panza, and Dave Gill, amassed 170 rushing yards and scored three touchdowns. Also contributing on offense with his smart play and leadership skills was quarterback J.D. Panza, who played despite a lingering shoulder injury. Finally, the exceptional performance of Jefferson's defense contributed mightily to the team's impressive win. Greg Maddux, Dennis Bowdler, Jason Miller, and the other members of the squad were able to keep the powerful Pioneer offense in check through four quarters of hard-nosed football. To achieve an accomplishment of such magnitude takes a total team effort. Without unity, dedication, and hard work on the part of each player, the likelihood of success is greatly diminished. It is in this regard that the Jefferson High players deserve to be recognized as true champions. Their victory stands as a shining example to others of the seemingly insurmountable obstacles that can be overcome by those who commit themselves to teamwork and excellence. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to honor the Jefferson High School Bears, and ask that my colleagues join me in congratulating these fine players and their coaches on a truly impressive achievement. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE11,1994-12-20,103,2,,,HIAS AWARDS DINNER HONOREES,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Benjamin A. Gilman"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] HIAS AWARDS DINNER HONOREES ______ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN of new york in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, this past fall the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society [HIAS] held its annual awards dinner in New York City, and conferred celebratory awards to individuals who have contributed to humanitarian efforts. One of those honored was our distinguished ranking Republican Member of the House Judiciary Committee, Representative Hamilton Fish, Jr., who was awarded HIAS' Liberty Award. The Liberty Award recognizes an individual who has helped further world peace and freedom. Congressman Fish, during his decades of service to his constituents, New York State, and the Nation, on the House Judiciary Committee, has made important and lasting contributions to the lives of immigrants and refugees. He is richly deserving of this award, and I wish to congratulate him on behalf of our colleagues in the House of Representatives. Also recognized at the awards dinner were the recipients of HIAS' Harold Friedman Memorial Award. Benjamin and Vladka Meed of the American Gathering/Federation of Jewish Holocaust Survivors received this newly established honor, which recognizes former refugees who have achieved noteworthy success in the United States. Mr. and Mrs. Meed have devoted their lives to the memory of the Holocaust and the welfare of its survivors, and are leaders in Holocaust education efforts. Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I would like to share the acceptance speeches of Congressman Fish and Benjamin Meed with my colleagues. Their responses illuminate lifetimes of service for the benefit of others, as well as a dedication to one of the highest principles of Jewish tradition, that of tikkun olam, repairing the world. Accordingly, I request that their statements be printed at this point in the Congressional Record for the benefit of our Members and other interested individuals. Remarks by the Honorable Hamilton Fish, Jr., HIAS Awards Dinner, October 13, 1994 I am honored to receive this award and humbled by the company of former recipients I am joining. Emanuel Celler and Peter Rodino, past chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, mentored me in immigration and refugee affairs. Father Ted Hesburgh led the efforts of the Select Commission on Immigration and Refugee Policy in articulating our national commitment to a generous immigration policy and a humane response to refugee crises. HIAS' vigilance and guidance over the years energized and sustained those of us in the Congress who believe in the ennobling work of helping persecuted people. Under the leadership of Martin Kesselhaut and Marty Wenick, HIAS is a positive and constructive voice in the heated national debate over immigration policy. Ed Shapiro, a former HIAS president and personal friend, continues to inspire me with his involvement in HIAS's work of rescue and resettlement. The Liberty Award has special meaning of me because I have admired--for many years--the devotion of the HIAS leadership and staff to compassionate values. The satisfaction I have derived, however, from participating in endeavors on behalf of refugees has been its own record. Over the years, opportunities to visit refuseniks in Moscow, spend time in Rome and Vienna with Jews in transit, and learn in Israel in the the United States about the meaning of freedom directly from former victims of religious hatred is a source of continuing personal satisfaction. The current refugee program for Jews from the former Soviet Union--as you all know so well--represents a culmination of our long struggle to lower emigration barriers. Opportunities for Jews in that region to find havens in Israel and in the United States must continue to be facilitated and sustained. Any discussion of winding down U.S. admissions is premature because anti-Semitism remains a potent force. The Immigration and Naturalization Service refugee interviewing capacity in the former Soviet Union cannot be compromised if the essential humanitarian work of identifying individuals and families qualified for U.S. resettlement is to be maintained. Pressures to cut admission numbers must be resisted as long as significant backlogs remain. This period of transition for me is an opportunity to reflect on the most significant migration-related legislation that has become law during my congressional service. Since 1980, in contrast to earlier periods, we have had a strong and flexible refugee law that can facilitate the expeditious admission of persons escaping persecution. We successfully resisted attempts, in the early 80s, to lump refugees and immigrants together under the same ceiling--a step that would have placed the need to save lives in competition with legitimate desires to bring relatives to this country. In enacting the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, we sought to effectuate the interrelated goals of discouraging future illegal immigration and responding humanely to the plight of those undocumented aliens who already had become a part of our society. At the beginning of the new decade--with the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990--we gave enhanced expression to the principle of family reunification and provided expanded opportunities for persons without family ties to contribute to our country's economic life. In my view, the major principles that find expression in American immigration and refugee law remain sound. The biggest challenge we face is sentiment that fails to distinguish between people who act in contravention of our laws without persecution claims and legal immigrants, asylees, and refugees who all must receive a welcome consistent with our traditions. HIAS has a critical role to play in preventing the erosion of support for our refugee and legal immigration policies. The United States' willingness to welcome refugees and immigrants to our shores is one of the great sources of our nation's strength. The humanitarian work of providing refuge is satisfying not only because the United States--a leader in refugee resettlement--is helping people who need our assistance but also because that same effort adds to our country's vitality. When we display generosity toward persons escaping persecution, we not only express our compassion as a nation, but also advance the foreign policy interests of the United States, set an example for other countries, and reaffirm our commitment to individual freedom. Continued American receptivity to refugees must go hand in hand with an immigration policy that promotes the goal of family unity and gives expression to the values of a pluralistic society. In the decade of the 90s, I have every confidence the United States will continue to benefit greatly from the contributions of those we welcome as refugees and immigrants. I look forward to remaining active on these issues of mutual concern in the years ahead. Thank you. Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society [HIAS] First Annual Harold Friedman Memorial Award (Acceptance Speech by Benjamin Meed, Co-recipient (With Vladka Meed)) Ladies and Gentlemen: Vladka and I are deeply moved to be honored as the first recipients of the Harold Friendman Memorial Award. We also very much appreciate the kind words spoken about us here tonight. However, we feel that this award, although given to us, is really intended to honor the achievements of all of the Holocaust survivors who--with the help of the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society--came to rebuild their lives in this and other countries. It is a long way, in time, in distance and in feelings-- from the German Nazi concentration camps, partisan forests, witnessing the destruction of the Warsaw ghetto and, after the war, the displaced person camps--to be here this evening to be honored by the HIAS. What survivor would have dared even to dream, 50 years ago, of such an evening as we are experiencing tonight? I remember very clearly the day, almost half a century ago, when a gentleman, wearing the uniform of the UNRRA, climbed up the four flights of steps to the small apartment Vladka and I shared with others in Munich, Germany. That man came to give us the affidavit and other papers necessary to travel to the goldene medina, the USA. His name was Mr. Ilja Dijour. At the time, he was the HIAS director of operations in Germany and Austria. He spoke to us in Yiddish and made us feel that a family member had found us. We will never forget his kind words as he explained what our trip and our new country, America, would be like. He told us there would be many people there who spoke Yiddish, and that we would even be able to read a daily Yiddish newspaper and listen to the radio in our own language. He said, ``In America you will feel at home.'' We will never forget his thoughtful expressions of hope for our new life. I remember that when I asked him, why did you come to us, he showed us a telegram he had received from the Jewish Labor Committee in New York. The telegram said, ``Your friends are waiting for you.'' Today, I know how right he was. I still have Mr. Dijour's image in my mind. And whatever words I use tonight will not do justice to him and his actions in helping thousands upon thousands of people to come to the United States. Two weeks later we were in Bremerhaven, along with a few hundred other Holocaust survivors, boarding the Marine Perch, one of the first ships to leave for the United States. Eight days later, on May 24, 1946, we arrived in New York. And as we left the ship, HIAS distributed to each one of us our first $10 in U.S. currency. Excited but anxious, not knowing what to expect, we arrived in our first home in the U.S.: The HIAS building at 425 Lafayette Street. From there we started our new life in this country. Vladka and I are two among the hundreds of thousands of immigrants who have come here because of the tireless efforts of HIAS. For both of us, I thank you again for all the help we were given. I also want to say something more about the Holocaust survivors who, many with the assistance of HIAS, came to and settled in this country. For many years, the images which came to mind when the word ``survivor'' was uttered were those terrible pictures of concentration camp inmates taken from the German archives. They are such pitiful images. But today, we survivors--who came from the pit of Hell itself-- have shown the world a very different picture of our lives in these 50 years after the Holocast. Most of us came here with very little, or nothing at all. We knew nothing of this country's language or culture. Yet we did not despair. Nor did we become embittered or controlled by hatred, as would have been easy based on our experiences. We worked hard--day and night--doing whatever was necessary to take advantage of the great opportunity this nation provided to start anew. We know that America is a country built by immigrants, but Holocaust survivors are immigrants whose relatives were murdered, and the villages, towns and countries of our birth have become cemeteries. Jewish life and culture are gone from so many places. We had nothing to look back on, so we had to look forward. Here, in our adopted country, we gradually established new homes, rebuilt our families, provided our children with the best education, and contributed--in every way we could--to our communities and to the life of this great nation. And the Holocaust not only robbed us of our homes and families; it also destroyed our chances for education. Yet education is so highly prized by us all, and I am proud to say that today the vast majority of our children--estimated to number close to 250,000--have academic degrees. These wonderful children are represented in every field of endeavor, and thirty percent of them are doctors, lawyers, and teachers. In addition to our contributions to country and community-- in the professions, business, the arts, and home life-- survivors and their families have also become pillars of the Jewish community, holding leadership positions, supporting significant activities, and infusing Jewish life with their special energy. It should also be said that if not for the motivation and support of survivors, there probably would be no Holocaust remembrance commemorations in the nation's capitol and around the country. And there would be far fewer, if any, Holocaust- related museums, memorials and resource centers. We are pleased that Holocaust survivors have taken on the mission of remembrance, and have been integral in helping to build the U.S. Holocasust Museum in Washington. We are so proud of all that our fellow survivors have achieved, against overwhelming odds, in the past fifty years. Yes, we still have a long way to go. There are many things we still need to accomplish, both for ourselves and for history. Our principal enemy is time, but--somehow--our goals must be reached. Again, we thank HIAS for its wonderful work through all of these years. we have learned through our terrible experiences that the greatest danger was, and will continue to be, indifference. HIAS has never stood idle. Instead, it has played a major role in helping our people wherever they are in need. HIAS has always understood that we must be our brothers'--and sisters'--keepers. HIAS embodies the best of the Jewish spirit. Thank you for being with us tonight. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE12,1994-12-20,103,2,,,REMARKS OF BUREAU OF RECLAMATION COMMISSIONER DAN BEARD,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""George Miller"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] REMARKS OF BUREAU OF RECLAMATION COMMISSIONER DAN BEARD ______ HON. GEORGE MILLER of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, the Bureau of Reclamation was created over 90 years ago as the Government agency dedicated to the goal of settling the West through the construction of dams, reservoirs, and canals for delivering irrigation water. This construction legacy on rivers throughout the Western United States will undoubtedly continue to produce reliable water supplies for many years. The realities of the changing needs of the West must be reflected in the mission of the resource development agencies that may have outlived their original purposes. In his 18 months as reclamation commissioner, Dan Beard has recognized this challenge and successfully transformed the Bureau of Reclamation into a water resource management agency and will be fully equipped to adapt to the changing water needs of the Western United States. Remarks of Daniel P. Beard, Commissioner, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Before the International Commission on Large Dams, Durban, South Africa, November 9, 1994 Thank you for giving me this opportunity to address the 18th Congress of the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD). As most of you know, the United States Bureau of Reclamation, the agency I direct, was founded as a construction agency. The results of our work are well known. Hoover Dam, Glen Canyon Dam, Grand Coulee Dam, and other works were monumental undertakings that are a source of pride to our nation and our employees. In the last two years, however, we have come to the realization that we must make significant changes in USBR's program. It is these changes I would like to discuss with you today. There are several reasons why changes are taking place in USRB. A premise for our program was the project costs would be repaid. We now realize the significant construction and operating costs of large-scale projects cannot be repaid. Our experience has shown that the actual costs of completed projects substantially exceeded the original estimated costs, and many project benefits were never realized. We lost our credibility with the public and our political leadership because we failed to accurately estimate project costs and benefits. The USBR generally served the needs of a few agricultural water users. We generally did not serve the needs of expanding urban populations. The result was that the base of support for our program declined. Over time, our operating experience has given us a more clear appreciation for the secondary environmental impacts of the large-scale water projects we developed. We were slow to recognize those problems, and we are still learning how severe they are and how to correct them. We have also come to realize there are many alternatives to solving water problems that do not involve dam construction. Non-structural alternatives are often less costly to implement and can have fewer environmental impacts. What has been the result of these forces? The result is that the dam building era in the United States is now over. We can no longer count on public or political support for large, traditional construction projects. Those projects we have underway will be completed as quickly as possible. Any new construction will take place only in small increments, narrowly targeted to meet well- defined, but limited, objectives. We now anticipate facing the challenge of water management using the tools of the ``Information Age''--improved data collection and modeling, geographic information systems, and demand-side management tools. How have we in the USBR approached these turbulent times? We have become realistic about our future. We recognize our budget and our staffing levels will decline, not increase, as our program changes. In addition, we can't continue to do business the same old way. President Clinton and Vice President Gore have initiated a comprehensive program to reduce costs, eliminate unnecessary paperwork, reduce personnel, and deliver a better product in a shorter period of time. We have made a conscious choice to be a leader in this effort. In brief, we needed to change and change quickly. And we have. I initiated a top-to-bottom review of the agency which has led to a significant restructuring last April. We've embraced a new philosophy of delegating day-to-day operating decisions to field personnel. We will give them the responsibility and authority to make decisions, within established general policy, without coming to headquarters for approval. We've also undertaken an aggressive restructuring designed to eliminate layers of unnecessary management and unnecessary practices. Although we've just begun, the results are impressive. We have reduced our budget request for this year by 12 percent--a $93 million reduction. Since May 1993, our staff level has been reduced by approximately 1,000 positions, or 13 percent. We have reduced the number of senior level managers. Our field offices have been given significant new authority and responsibility. Our Denver office has been significantly altered. The new organization, now called the Reclamation Service Center (RSC), will be a customer service organization working for other parts of USBR. In Denver and our regional offices, we have reduced at least two layers of management. Finally, we have launched a series of new program initiatives, including expanded efforts in wastewater reclamation and resuse, an conservation. One final note about the participation of the USBR in international activities. My attendance at this conference is not a coincidence. We have been an active participant in ICOLD affairs since it was founded. Previous Commissioners have been very supportive, and many USBR employees serve on committees. The USBR will remain an active participant in the affairs of ICOLD. This organization offers all of us an opportunity to discuss, debate, and consider new approaches to solving the world's water resource problems. There is much we can learn from one another, and we want to continue that tradition. As we seek to keep ourselves well informed, so should we seek to maintain an open exchange of information and opinion with all groups. USBR is committed to full disclosure of information to the public. Open access to information will be a hallmark of our operations, both domestic and international. To President Pircher, Secretary General Cotillon, and Congress Chairman Val Robbroeck, thank you for giving me the opportunity to be with you this morning. I am enjoying participating in this Congress during my first trip to South Africa. I look forward to meeting as many of you as possible during the rest of the week. Thank you. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE13,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN ROY ROWLAND,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Tom Bevill"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN ROY ROWLAND ______ HON. TOM BEVILL of alabama in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to thank our colleague, Congressman Roy Rowland, for his outstanding service to the Nation. As you know, Roy is one of the only Members of Congress who has also been a practicing medical doctor. He used this training and experience to bring many medical issues to the attention of this body. When Dr. Rowland speaks on a health-related issue, we all listen with open ears. He is honest and forthright in his opinions and thorough in his research. We will lose much with his retirement. I first met Roy 12 years ago when he was elected to serve as Congressman for the Eighth District of Georgia. Over the years I have come to respect Roy for his judgment and to appreciate him even more for his friendship. I wish to let him know that, though I am sorry to see such a distinguished Member retire, I am confident that he will be happy and successful in his life after Congress. Roy has already been successful in two careers and I would not be surprised if he decides to take up a third. My wife Lou wishes to join me in wishing Roy and his lovely wife Luella all the best in the years to come. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE14,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON JOHNSON,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Romano L. Mazzoli"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON JOHNSON ______ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI of kentucky in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to join my colleagues in paying tribute to our friend, Representative Don Johnson. Since Don's election from the 10th District of Georgia, he has served on the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the House Armed Services Committee. Don has left his mark on legislation despite the relative brevity of his service in the House. Don Johnson has a long history of public service dating back to 1974 when, as a staff attorney for the House Ways and Means Committee, he helped to formulate the Trade Reform Act of 1974. Then, in 1987, he was elected to the Georgia State Senate where he served three terms. In 1990, he became chairman of the Georgia Senate Appropriations Committee where he spearheaded efforts for budget reform and more accountable government. After being educated in the Franklin County public school and receiving a bachelor's degree and a law degree from the University of Georgia, he went on the earn a masters degree from the London School of Economics in 1978. He was also awarded the Air Force Commendation Medal while serving for 4 years in the U.S. Air Force, including serving in the Middle East for 2 years. I am sorry to see Don leave Congress, and I wish him and his family all the best for the future. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE15,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""William D. Ford"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT ______ speech of HON. WILLIAM D. FORD of michigan in the house of representatives Tuesday, November 29, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations: Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the implementing legislation for the Uruguay round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. The GATT was conceived in the aftermath of World War II, when the American economy was the world's strongest. The label ``Made in America'' guaranteed a quality product, one that was superior to those made in other countries. In that world, it was correct to assume that freer trade virtually always helped Americans. But times have changed. The world has become much more competitive. Multinational companies, both American and foreign, will use any location in the world to produce products if that location promises to reduce the costs of production. The globalization of production puts the jobs of American workers into competition with workers who live in countries which have virtually no labor standards. American workers will inevitably lose the race to the bottom caused by such competition. That is why economists estimate that the American manufacturing sector lost millions of good paying jobs to low-wage foreign countries in the decade of the 1980's. For this reason, this Nation's trade policy must now focus on ensuring that American workers have a level field to play on. This focus was entirely missing in the GATT negotiations and is entirely missing from the agreement and its implementing legislation. I fear that adoption of this legislation will leave the workers of the United States powerless to fight against countries that seek to gain competitive advantage through the use of cheap or unsafe labor conditions. This legislation also makes it very difficult for the United States to fight countries that use other methods to gain competitive advantage. Under the GATT, it would be illegal for a country to enact a domestic content law or to subject foreign goods to import quotas. The threat of these actions saved the domestic auto industry in the 1980's however, because the threat of these actions led the Japanese to adopt ``voluntary'' import restraints. The voluntary restraints gave our industry and its workers the breathing space they needed to become competitive in the world. Now, the industry is hiring for the first time in a generation. Does anybody doubt that unrestricted Japanese competition in this industry in the 1980's would have prevented this recovery? Free trade will impoverish us unless it is fair trade. We should not enter into agreements which strip us of our right to defend the living standards of our workers and our ability to create good American jobs. I believe we can do better. I urge rejection of this legislation. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE16,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Fortney Pete Stark"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT ______ speech of HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, November 29, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations: Mr. STARK. Mr. Chairman, I oppose passage of the GATT Uruguay round implementing legislation. Over the years, I have generally supported trade expansion bills. But I have come to question the fundamental premise of these various trade expansion bills. There are some things more important than pure, free trade principles. What is more important is our society--our sense of being a nation in which all are sharing in the growth and upward movement. In the last 20 years, something has gone fundamentally wrong. The lower-income and middle-income families are working harder and longer than ever--but their real incomes are stagnant or declining. The rich get rich, and the poor get poorer. The rising tide no longer lifts all boats--too many lifeboats are being swamped. There is a terrible sense of fear and uncertainty about jobs, about the American dream, about the possibility of one's children having a better quality of life. There is a growing underclass, which has no employable skills and is locked in a cycle of violence, hopelessness, and despair. A society cannot long exist and there can be no sense of community, when the middle class is being destroyed. We are starting to see this in America. I do not assign all the Nation's woes to international trade. Indeed, free trade is wonderful for consumers--if consumers have jobs with which to buy the goods. This is the problem. Increasingly in the last 20 years, quality, good-paying, dependable jobs have been under attack--in part because of expanded international competition from nations where there is no minimum wage and where labor exploitation is rampant. Expanded trade creates more, higher-paying jobs as nations specialize in what they do the best. Great theory--and true. But we have failed to find a theory which helps the less well-trained, the non-high-school graduate, the lower-income families keep pace with these dynamic changes. As a result, our GNP climbs and our civilization declines. It is time to stop sacrificing our sense of community by unquestioning passage of trade bill after trade bill. I do not believe we should pursue further trade agreements until we have developed and have in place in the United States a set of policies which genuinely ensure that All parts of the population are moving in the same income direction: upward; All Americans who need assistance have an ability to receive retraining and relocation that ensures a decent chance at a lifetime of productive work; That the welfare population is able to find work--it is policy schizophrenia to talk of requiring everyone to leave welfare after a fixed period of time when the semiskilled kinds of jobs welfare people can do are being wiped out through international trade competition. Following are excerpts from a recent article from the Washington Post which make similar points. It is way past time, Mr. Speaker, for the Nation to debate what freer trade means for our society--not just for our economy. Will Success Spoil America? Why the Pols Don't Get Our Real Crisis of Values (By Edward N. Luttwak) Having tried George Bush, who showed himself blithely unaware of the very existence of the problem, and having tried Bill Clinton, who spoke as if he knew all about it but failed to act, the American electorate has now given a two- year opportunity to the congressional Republicans to show that they can understand the problem and also come up with valid remedies. The problem in question is the unprecedented sense of personal economic insecurity that has rather suddenly become the central phenomenon of life in America, not only for the notoriously endangered species of corporate middle managers, prime targets of today's fashionable ``downsizing'' and ``reengineering,'' but for virtually all working Americans except tenured civil servants--whose security is duly resented. Individual Americans who are neither economists nor statisticians do not focus on the economy's overall rate of growth, but rather on the security of their own jobs. Hence the vigorous recovery that provoked the Federal Reserve's anti-inflationary crusade cannot assuage personal fears. And the source of these fears is obvious: The once highly regulated and internationally dominate U.S. economic system has given way to a far more dynamic but also much more unstable turbo-charged capitalism open to the world's competition, in which no single firm, no particular industry and certainly no job or self-employment niche can be secure any longer. However tiny its effect, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Treaty now before this lame-duck Democratic Congress, can only add to those worries. There is nothing new about the ``creative destruction'' of free competition. Only if outdated economic structures and obsolete working methods are first swept away, freeing up their human and material resources, can more efficient structures and methods arise in their place. What is new is only a matter of degree, a mere acceleration in the pace of structural change at any given rate of economic growth. But that, as it turns out, is quite enough to make all the difference. The rise and decline of skills, firms and entire industries is now quite rapid even when there is zero growth, becoming that much faster when the economy does grow. In the process, the most enterprising or most fortunate individuals are offered more opportunities for rapid enrichment than ever before, and even tiny firms can aspire to fabulous growth. (Microsoft, born 1975, is the classic example). At the same time, however, the great majority of individuals has experienced not only unprecedented job upheavals, but also an absolute 20-year decline in personnel earnings.... Viewed in the very narrow national-accounting perspective of all our globalization debates, whether NAFTA last year or the GATT Treaty now, any increase in the combined income of all Americans--no matter how unevenly distributed--fully justifies going ahead to globalize some more. On that there seems to be a perfect consensus between mainstream Democrats and mainstream Republicans. Both take it for granted that globalization has increased and can continue to increase the country's total GNP (true), that it must therefore increase the income of all Americans or at least most of them (false), and that because protectionism is always bad for U.S. consumers (true), it must always be bad for the country (false). What is missing is anything resembling a social perspective. In fact it is simply taken for granted that economic efficiency must never be compromised in the slightest to suit the needs of society. That would make perfect sense if the United States were a very poor country with a perfectly peaceful and tranquil society. As it is, the United States has much more wealth than social tranquility and would benefit much more from economic stability than from further economic growth, inevitably achieved by disruptive structural changes of one kind or another. If one does take into account the psychological and practical need of families and communities for a reasonable degree of stability, very different criteria apply to globalization as well as to deregulation. Those are the very criteria that have shaped Japan's protracted resistance to the globalization of its own economy, as well as to deregulation. U.S. trade negotiators are forever arguing the merits of free markets, but the overall purpose of Japan's many overt and covert trade barriers and domestic regulations is precisely to protect Japanese society from the disruptive effects of any competition, foreign or domestic. Small shopkeepers are protected by a Large-Scale Retail Law that greatly restricts the spread of chain stores, supermarkets and department stores. Craftsmen threatened by cheaper imports are protected by unwritten customs house conspiracies as well as overt barriers. And many industries, including low-tech paper and plywood, have their own informal protective arrangements, while high-tech industries are officially assisted as well as protected. As a result, Japanese-as-consumers must pay very high prices, but Japanese-as-producers enjoy all the benefits of personal economic security. American visitors immediately notice the tranquility of Japanese crowds, and the conspicuous absence of the free- floating anger that has become a sinister feature of American life, and a deadly one at times. They may attribute all this calm to the homogeneity of Japan's population, or its ancestral discipline. But they would be wrong: Before its all-powerful bureaucracy stabilized Japan's economy with its regulations and protectionism, the country witnessed a great many very violent strikes, any number of political assassinations and frequent mass demonstrations that often degenerated into outright street fighting. To be sure, the Japanese system sacrifices economic efficiency at every turn, and the consumer pays the price every time. It is a fact that the actual Japanese standard of living is on average much lower than the American, even though average Japanese money incomes are now substantially higher. But that is a very incomplete truth, for it only includes purely material factors, overlooking society-wide considerations that count for much more--even in purely monetary terms. When I drive into a gas station in Japan, three or four clearly underemployed young men leap into action to wash and wipe the headlights and windows as well as the windscreen, check tire pressures and all the different oils, in addition to dispensing the fuel. For that excellent service, I have to pay a very high price for the gasoline. The Japanese bureaucracy, determined to protect those low-end jobs for youths who lack the talent for better employment, as well as small gas stations in rural areas, flatly prohibits self- service gas pumps, and in any case forces all gas stations to compete by offering lavish service because fuel prices are fixed by the government and price-cutting is banned. Back in America, I fill my own tank much more cheaply from a self-service pump, but there also three or four young men are waiting--sometimes in person but certainly by implication. But because they are not employed by the gas station, or by anybody else, I do not have to pay their wages through government-imposed high prices for my gas. That is where U.S.-style economic analysis stops; Japanese consumers are being exploited, while the free market provides American consumers with cheap gas. But in reality, I still have to pay for those young men who are not employed by the gas station. My car insurance rates are higher because of their vandalism and thefts, my taxes must be higher to pay for police, court and prison costs, and even a little by way of welfare benefits. If I am very unlucky, I may have to pay in blood. In a recent article on a Washington youth who killed a Korean immigrant at the age of 17, while absent from a psychiatric clinic where he had been sent for killing a taxi driver at the age of 15, it was parenthetically noted that more than $100,000 had been spent on his psychiatric treatment; his 30-year prison term will cost another $750,000 or so. Not counting two deaths and his trial costs, the cost of not employing that one youth would pay for at least 37,777 gallons of gasoline--even at very high Japanese prices. American free-market gasoline is thus very expensively cheap, as compared to Japan's employment-generating, cheaply expensive gasoline. There is no assurance, of course, that those young men whom I see loitering would actually take gas station jobs if any were available for them. But what is certain is that in Japan the government acts to ensure that there are job openings for youths incapable of more demanding employment, while in the United States, nothing must stand in the way of free-market efficiency, very narrowly defined to exclude any and all social consequences. . . . ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE17,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"DRS. ERNEST AND DOROTHY GARCIA, EDUCATORS, PATRONS OF THE ARTS, AND COMMUNITY LEADERS",HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""George E. Brown Jr."", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] DRS. ERNEST AND DOROTHY GARCIA, EDUCATORS, PATRONS OF THE ARTS, AND COMMUNITY LEADERS ______ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, the husband and wife team of Drs. Ernest and Dorothy Garcia will be receiving the prestigious Golden Baton Award from the Inland Empire Symphony Association at a special tribute to be held January 14, 1995. The two have given countless hours of dedicated work and devoted the past 40 years toward the growth and improvement of their community. Dr. Ernest Garcia began his career as an elementary school teacher in the Barstow School District. He eventually went on to continue his studies at the University of California, Riverside, and upon graduation Dr. Garcia returned to the Barstow school district as an assistant elementary principal. In 1961, after having worked as coordinator and curriculum consultant in the Rialto Unified School District, he became the principal of George Dunn School. During a leave of absence, he worked on his doctorate at UCLA and worked for Systems Development Corp., in the area of educational technology. After completing his doctorate in 1966, he became a professor at the University of Redlands and later Cal State, San Bernardino. During these years, Ernest was also elected to the Rialto School Board. In 1979, he became the dean of the School of Education, where he served for 11 years. Recently, I had the honor of attending a naming ceremony for the new Dr. Ernest Garcia Elementary School in the Rialto Unified School District. Mrs. Garcia has an equally illustrious career as her husband. Dr. Dorothy Garcia has worked as an educational consultant and faculty member at both the university and elementary level, where she also served as a principal in the Colton Joint Unified School District. Additionally, Dr. Dorothy Garcia has worked on program quality review teams for the State of California, as well as volunteering her time by serving on numerous community boards and chairing several volunteer programs. Dr. Dorothy Garcia has been recognized by the United Way and the Parent Teachers Association for her years of dedicated community service. Since their retirement in 1990, Drs. Ernest and Dorothy Garcia have enjoyed traveling, spending time with their grandchildren, and continuing their active involvement in the community. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me today in commemorating Drs. Ernest and Dorothy Garcia and the example they provide for all Americans. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE18,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE GEORGE DARDEN,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Romano L. Mazzoli"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE GEORGE DARDEN ______ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI of kentucky in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure for me to join my fellow colleagues in honoring Representative George (Buddy) Darden, with whom I have served in the House of Representatives for over 8 years. Buddy, a resident of Marietta, GA, has dedicated much of his life to the people of Georgia through his work as a Cobb County district attorney, member of the Georgia House of Representatives, and U.S. Representative for the Seventh District of Georgia. Before earning his A.B. and J.D. degrees from the University of Georgia, Buddy began his political career by interning for Congressman Carl Vinson and Senator Richard B. Russell. It was through this experience that he decided to dedicate his life to public service. Buddy has served on the House Committee on Appropriations since 1992. He earlier served on the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs and the House Armed Services Committee. Also, at the start of the 102d Congress, Buddy was elected to the House Ethics Committee. His dedication and hard work will serve as a lasting tribute long after Buddy has left this House. I wish Buddy, his wife, Lillian, and all of his family all of the peace and happiness that life has to offer. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE19,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"IN HONOR OF HARDYAL SINGH, PRESIDENT OF THE AMBEDKAR INTERNATIONAL MISSION, U.S.A.",HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Robert Menendez"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN HONOR OF HARDYAL SINGH, PRESIDENT OF THE AMBEDKAR INTERNATIONAL MISSION, U.S.A. ______ HON. ROBERT MENENDEZ of new jersey in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to Mr. Hardyal Singh, founder and president of the Ambedkar International Mission for his many contributions to the Indian community. Mr. Singh is also the president of the Federation of Indian Associations in New Jersey and senior vice president of the Indian National Congress of North America. Mr. Singh's latest accomplishment will be celebrated on December 6, which is the anniversary of the death of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. On this day, Mr. Singh will be honored for his efforts in naming a portion of Tonnelle Avenue, between Kennedy Boulevard and Newark Avenue in Jersey City as Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Avenue. Mr. Singh was the first Indian-American to be named a special deputy sheriff of Hudson County. He was successful in his campaign to have the Indian national flag raised at Jersey City City Hall. Mr. Singh's contributions to the Indian community also include the role he played in renaming Public School No. 23 to Mahatma Gandhi School, and the designation of Mahatma Gandhi Day by Gov. Jim Florio. He led the drive to change the names of two Jersey City Streets to India Square and Mahatma Gandhi Plaza. Mr. Singh was also instrumental in many programs designed to strengthen India-United States relations and increase American understanding of Indian culture and traditions. Mr. Singh obviously understands the importance of achieving a better understanding of Dr. Ambedkar and Gandhian values of life, peace and friendship. These are values we must all remember to uphold so that we can live together in harmony. I commend Mr. Singh for all of his hard work in the community and for devoting so much time and energy to maintaining Indian-United States relations. It is people like Mr. Singh who really make a difference in our society. Please join me in wishing the Ambedkar International Mission a successful event and prosperous future. It gives me great pleasure to have people such as Mr. Singh in my district. I salute Mr. Singh for his many accomplishments and wish him much luck in the future. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE2,1994-12-20,103,2,,,MR. GINGRICH IS RIGHT ON THE NEED TO BUILD THE ``SEAWOLF'' SUBMARINE,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Ronald K. Machtley"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] MR. GINGRICH IS RIGHT ON THE NEED TO BUILD THE ``SEAWOLF'' SUBMARINE HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY of rhode island in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, since being elected to the House of Representatives in 1988, a year before the fall of the Berlin Wall and the symbolic end of the cold war, I have paid particular attention to the future of our national defense. I am proud of my service as a member of the House Armed Services Committee. I have worked hard to ensure that our men and women in uniform are trained and ready to fight and are equipped with the world's most modern and lethal weaponry. Defense planning and budgeting is no easy business, especially with the uncertainties the Defense Department now faces from new threats abroad and at home due to a constrained budget environment. We are already seeing the first signs of a new, hollow Army, and I fear that we will soon experience the same hollowness in our industrial capability. Like matters of troop readiness, the future of the Nation's defense industrial and technological base is too important to be decided by partisan politics. As I leave the House of Representatives, I am concerned about our ability to build the world's most quiet, technologically advanced, lethal, safe, and cost-effective nuclear submarines. I fear that the balance struck between our ability to design and engineer future submarines and the need to maintain even modest production of present generation submarines will be wrecked with little regard for our own future defense requirements. But I am encouraged by some recent statements of the gentleman from Georgia, Mr. Gingrich, regarding the future of the Nation's submarine industrial base and a vow to push hard for funding for SSN-23, the third and last Seawolf attack submarine, and for its successor, the Navy's new attack submarine. Mr. Speaker, if there is no objection, I would like to enter for the Record an article from the October 16, 1994, New London Day headlined ``Gingrich Endorses More Subs While Stumping for Munster.'' Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Georgia should be praised for his attention to matters of national defense during his tenure in the House of Representatives. As an Army brat, he knows first hand the importance of a ready military equipped with the most modern weaponry. Mr. Gingrich has served on study groups at the Center for Strategic and International Studies and other think tanks. I expect that he will continue to be a strong leader on matters of national defense in the 104th Congress. It is clear from the article that the gentleman from Georgia has paid particular attention to the future of the submarine industrial base as the Nation develops and equips its post-cold-war military for the uncertainties of the next century. I was pleased to read that he told an audience in Connecticut that-- You can't allow our industrial base to collapse in the defense area. * * * Developing the most acoustically silent submarine in the world takes years of technical skill. And if that base ever disappears, it will take us 20 years to rebuild it. The third and final Seawolf has been labeled an ``industrial base'' submarine due to its crucial role in maintaining the vital submarine industrial base. There is, Mr. Speaker, substantial military value for the submarine missions of the 21st century to justify the cost of completion of SSN-23. The environment of the 21st century will demand a highly adaptable attack submarine for: convert surveillance and intelligence collection in the coastal regions; covert insertion and recovery of Special Forces; quick response, covert Tomahawk strike missions; antisubmarine warfare against modern diesel-electric submarines owned by rogue states like North Korea and Iran; and anti-SSSN capability against missile submarines in the event Russia or China comes under control of unfriendly or erratic leadership. The Seawolf, designed to be the world's most advanced submarine, has multimission capabilities that complement the less expensive new attack submarine and are much improved over those of the SSN-688I. The Seawolf has greater weapons capacity, higher speed capabilities, more internal space and a greater depth capability than the SSN-688I or the new attack submarine. The civilian and military leadership of the Pentagon--the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Department of the Navy, and the Joint Chiefs of Staff--all agree that the only way to preserve the nuclear submarine industrial base is to keep building submarines. Following detailed analyses and numerous studies, the Department of the Defense concluded that the most technologically and cost-effective path to take is the one it has embarked on: build the third and final SSN-23 Seawolf nuclear attack submarine in fiscal year 1996 and commence production of a the new attack submarine in fiscal year 1998. The submarine supplier base represents a fragile national security asset. It is large and diversified, but is rapidly contracting due to cutbacks in military spending and changed defense priorities. There are approximately 600 major equipment suppliers and a total base of almost 3,000 companies when subtier and commodity suppliers are included. This nationwide network is made up of large firms that devote a small percentage of their engineering expertise and productive capacity to a small nich market, as well as small companies with such highly specialized products and skills that they are heavily--or even wholly-- dependent on submarine work for their survival. The importance of the supplier base is highlighted by the fact that shipyard costs account for about 35 to 40 percent of the total cost of a submarine; the remainder goes to hundreds of other suppliers for products and services furnished to the shipyard and the Navy. Many of the companies that make up the submarine supplier base have gone through significant, and in some cases drastic, downsizing and reorganization in their efforts to remain viable. Some have abandoned submarine work or gone out of business altogether. Others will follow before the shakeout in the defense industry runs its course. There is a great wealth of information available to all Members of Congress on the preservation of the submarine industrial base and the vast but fragile vender base around the Nation that supports submarine building. I would urge my colleagues--and all new Members of the House of Representatives--to call the Defense Department for a detailed briefing on this important matter of national security that affects all of our constituents. The gentleman from Georgia also spoke about the continuing Russian submarine production program. He stated: ``People need to be aware * * * that the Russians are continuing the momentum of their submarine research. So you just can't stop with this generation [of submarine]. We've got to continue to work on the kind of breakthroughs that will allow us to build a next generation submarine. That submarine would be built in Connecticut.'' Much of the information about the continuing Russian submarine research and production programs--as well as the growing Third World Submarine threat--is classified and cannot be discussed publicly in any detail. I would encourage all of my colleagues and those newly elected Members of Congress to arrange a briefing with the Department of the Navy. While the gentleman from Georgia acknowledged that he had in fact voted for a rescission of SSN-22 and SSN-23, the second and third Seawolfs, during the Bush administration, he stated that his ``presumption was that we'd come back and build number two the year after and number three the year after that,'' adding that, ``It's a flat falsehood to suggest I ever voted to zero out the Seawolf.'' Mr. Speaker, there will be those who will oppose building the third and final Seawolf for purely political reasons. But as Mr. Gingrich knows, there is nothing political about ensuring the Nation's ability to first deter through strength any potential adversary, and if deterrence fails, fight and quickly win any conflict anywhere in the world. Preserving the nuclear submarine industrial base--first by buying the third and final Seawolf in fiscal year 1996 and then commencing production of the new attack submarine in fiscal year 1998-- is an integral part of our national defense. [From The Day, Oct. 18, 1994] Gingrich Endorses More Subs While Stumping for Munster minority whip's claim ``laughable,'' says Gejdenson (By Stan DeCoster) New London.--U.S. Rep. Newt Gingrich, the controversial, conservative Republican who hopes to be the next speaker of the House of Representatives, on Monday declared himself to be a major supporter of continued submarine construction at Electric Boat. Gingrich made the comments before attending a $100-a-plate fund-raising luncheon at the Lighthouse Inn for Edward W. Munster, the Republican who is trying to unseat U.S. Rep. Sam Gejdenson, the Democratic incumbent in the 2nd Congressional District. The Georgia Republican vowed to push for funding of the third Seawolf in the next Congress as well as continued financing of the attack sub that will succeed the Seawolf. ``You can't allow our industrial base to collapse in the defense area,'' he said at a press conference. ``Developing the most acoustically silent submarine in the world takes years of technical skill. And if that base ever disappears, it will take us 20 years to rebuild it.'' Gejdenson called Gingrich's comments laughable, saying he voted in 1992 to rescind funds for the second and third Seawolf subs in support of then-President Bush. ``The 1992 vote was a referendum on the future of the Seawolf submarine, plain and simple,'' Gejdenson said. ``We won that referendum, no thanks to Newt Gingrich.'' Gingrich, who is minority whip in the House, likely would become speaker if Republicans gain enough seats in November to claim a majority. He is traveling about the country in hopes of boosting the chances of GOP candidates, especially those such as Munster who are in competitive races. In a poll commissioned by The Day and released Sunday, Gejdenson had the support of 42 percent of those expected to vote and Munster 33 percent. David B. Bingham, the nominee of A Connecticut Party, lagged behind with 9 percent. Gingrich had been expected to attend a Monday morning fundraiser for Kevin Vigilante, a Republican congressional candidate in Rhode Island. But Paul Moore, a Vigilante spokesman, said they couldn't sell enough tickets to make the event worthwhile. About 65 people attended the Munster luncheon. Inside the Inn, Gingrich met briefly with reporters, talking mostly about the future of submarines. He carried a letter for Munster, assuring the Haddam Republican that he would seek to place him on the House Armed Services Committee if he defeats Gejdenson, a 14-year incumbant. Gejdenson has been criticized by some in southeastern Connecticut for not sitting on the committee, which establishes defense and military priorities. Gingrich also defended the Republican ``Contract with America,'' a compliation of Republican priorities that the GOP promises would come to a vote within the first 100 days of the 104th Congress. Munster has signed the contract. Gejdenson has charged the contract is nothing more than ``Reaganism II'' that would provide tax breaks for the rich and cut Social Security and Medicare. Democrats, according to Gingrich, refuse to say what they would do to move America ahead. ``They don't like our contract,'' he said. ``But where's theirs?'' He said defense spending should be geared up, with some estimates the Clinton White House is short-changing the defense and military by $80 billion and $120 billion below needed levels. Regarding submarines, he said: ``People need to be aware--that the Russians are continuing the momentum of their submarine research. So you just can't stop with this generation (of submarine). We've got to continue to work on the kind of breakthroughs that will allow us to build a next generation submarine. That submarine would be built in Connecticut.'' He acknowledged that he voted for a ``recission'' during the Bush administration that included putting off the second and third Seawolf subs. ``My presumption was that we'd come back and build number two the year after and number three the year after that,'' he said. ``It's a flat falsehood to suggest I ever voted to zero out the Seawolf.'' Gejdenson responded by issuing a partial transcript of President Bush's recission notice. It stated; ``Dissolution of the Soviet Union loading to a reduced threat, and the vigorous pace of U.S. submarine construction in the past decade, have eliminated the need for a new class of submarine.'' ``If,'' Gejdenson said, ``the president's recission package would have passed, the Seawolf program would have been dead. And EB would have closed its doors.'' Gingrich said he regularly supported increased defense spending while Gejdenson voted the other way. ``Gejdenson was voting to cut defense and get more for Connecticut,'' he said. ``And in the long run, that's not sustainable.'' ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE20,1994-12-20,103,2,,,IN HONOR OF DON EDWARDS,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Fortney Pete Stark"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN HONOR OF DON EDWARDS ______ speech of HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, November 29, 1994 Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, the adjournment of this 103d Congress will mark the end of the remarkable congressional career of my good friend from San Jose, Don Edwards. When he announced his intention to end his service in this House several months ago, the news was greeted with headlines that included such phrases as guardian of the Constitution, champion of civil liberties, principled politician and liberal champion. It's my judgment that this was not the usual newspaper hyperbole. These phrases were an accurate reflection of what Don meant to the people of California and the Nation during the 32 years he served them in Congress. His absence from our ranks when the 104th Congress convenes will be apparent. There will be a large gap in the line of those who defend the constitutional liberties we take for granted in this country. Others will rally to fill this void, but no one will take Don Edwards' place. He is unique and irreplaceable. I have known and worked with Don since I came to Congress in 1973. He has been a wise counselor, a supportive colleague and a constructive critic. I will miss him and his wife Edie--she once served as my administrative assistant--greatly. I am pleased that the two of them will be able to travel and have time for pursuits their busy lives didn't permit before, but their absences will be tough to abide. It's not that they will disappear from our lives. We will still have the advantage of their penetrating views of public affairs, their counsel on how to make this the peaceful and just world we know it can be. They have earned the more relaxed lives they have chosen. A part- time contribution from Don and Edie is still more than most people contribute working full time. But things will not be quite the same when the people of San Jose are no longer represented by the ever- youthful Don Edwards. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE21,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Tim Roemer"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}, {""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5510""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT ______ speech of HON. TIM ROEMER of indiana in the house of representatives Tuesday, November 29, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations: Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to express my support for H.R. 5110, which will implement the agreements reached during the Uruguay round negotiations of the General Agreement on Tariffs and trade [GATT]. In my home district, there are diverse industries--aerospace components, pharmaceuticals, construction equipment, steel, and agricultural products--and all of these producers will benefit from the provisions included in H.R. 5510. For example, the AlliedSignal Aerospace, which manufactures carbon brakes and landing gear for commercial aircraft, will see great boosts in its potential to enter foreign markets. By providing better protection against unfair domestic subsidy practices by foreign governments, this new GATT agreement will allow domestic aerospace manufacturers to expand their markets beyond the 29 percent of production that is currently exported. The Third District of Indiana is a leading producer of pharmaceuticals. Miles Laboratories, which employs nearly 3,000 workers in North Central Indiana, expects to see great gains resulting form the implementation of the Uruguay round. GATT will not only significantly lower chemical tariffs but it will also improve intellectual property protection provisions, an important tool to research intensive businesses like Miles. GATT will be extremely beneficial to U.S. steelmakers, once again the world's leader's in steel production, by eliminating steel tariffs currently imposed by key trading partners. Most importantly, the GATT implementing legislation will ensure that U.S. laws against unfair trade remain available and effective. This is an important tool for companies like IN Tek and IN Kote, which are subsidiaries of Inland Steel that manufacture galvanized Steel in Indiana's Third District. One of the greatest benefits of GATT is the advantages it will lend to agriculture. With the reduction of tariff barriers and the increase in the world's purchasing power for U.S. commodities, Indiana farmers will see a significant increase in their export potential. According to Purdue University economists, ratification of GATT will bring tremendous gains to Indiana farmers. Estimates suggest gains to Indiana agriculture of $1.05 billion after full implementation of GATT. For corn and wheat producers, revenue should rise by nearly $750 million. While I am concerned that some losses are expected for Indiana dairy producers due to the liberalization of import quotas to the U.S., I am pleased that implementing legislation extends authorization for the Dairy Export Incentive Program through 2001. I strongly support H.R. 5110, and urge my colleagues to adopt the GATT implementing legislation. This agreement will bring much-needed reforms to international trading practices and will further open foreign markets to U.S. goods, particularly those products produced in my home State of Indiana. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE22,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Henry A. Waxman"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT ______ speech of HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, November 29, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations: Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Chairman, I want to explain for the record why I am voting against the GATT accord today. At the outset, I want to be clear that I am a free trader and, in the absence of other major concerns, I would be supporting GATT. Certainly, I agree that efforts to promote freer trade are worthwhile. Until NAFTA, I had never voted against a trade agreement. I opposed that accord because I felt that it presented a serious threat to our domestic health and environmental statutes. Unfortunately, the new GATT agreement poses an even greater threat to the health and environmental laws we have fought for decades to put in place here in the United States. In fact, a number of our important American laws are already facing challenge under GATT rules that will remain largely unchanged in the new agreement. The most publicized have concerned the provisions of the Marine Mammal Protection Act designed to protect dolphins from slaughter on the open seas by restricting our import of tuna not caught in a dolphin-safe fashion. In response to challenges from first Mexico and then European nations, GATT panels have twice ruled the U.S. program to protect dolphins violates GATT. Under the existing GATT framework, this ruling means little, since any one nation can block imposition of sanctions. But the new GATT has teeth, and the United States will pay heavily under its terms where our laws are held in violation by future panels. Certainly that bodes ill for the Marine Mammal Protection Act. But, far more is at stake here than dolphins. For example, Venezuela has challenged the reformulated gasoline provisions of the U.S. Clean Air Act--probably the single most effective measure for reducing urban smog in the entire law--and the European Union has challenged the Federal ``CAFE'' standards designed to promote more fuel efficient cars. This is only the beginning. The European Union has published a long list of State and Federal environmental and health laws that it sees as illegal barriers to trade that can be challenged under GATT. These include: the High Seas Driftnet Fishing Enforcement Act; the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act; and numerous food safety laws, including pesticide residue standards and various inspection requirements for fruits and vegetables. In addition, important State laws are subject to challenge, especially in my State of California, where proposition 65 imposes the toughest restrictions in the country against carcinogens in foods and other products. The European Union has already made clear that they intend to challenge prop 65. Another California law almost certain to be challenged is the State's tough tolerance limit for lead in wine. It's not that our laws discriminate against imports. I agree that discrimination should be prohibited under GATT. But under the new GATT, any environmental or health law can be challenged if a GATT panel concludes that its provisions are ``more trade restrictive than necessary''--a phrase that could be interpreted very broadly. Another major problem stems from the fact that the GATT panel that ruled on the Marine Mammal Protection Act concluded that any trade restrictions designed to protect resources beyond a nation's own boundaries are GATT violations. I fear that this ruling, in effect, bars efforts to protect the planet's common resources--our oceans, our stratosphere, our climate-- by the single method that has in the past proven effective: trade restrictions. In addition, our ability to close our markets to products manufactured by oppressed workers, even children, would be undermined. It wouldn't be so bad if these matters were to be resolved through an open process by an unbiased expert panel. But the resolution of GATT challenges is handled by a panel of foreign judges with no familiarity with or commitment to American law or our judicial traditions of fairness, and through a process that experts on all sides of the issue agree is wholly undemocratic. Opportunity for public involvement is nonexistent in GATT proceedings. Hearings are required to be held in secret and, under the terms of the agreement, even our government's own arguments in defense of challenged American laws cannot be made public. Because of these very serious flaws, I am voting against the GATT implementing legislation, despite that fact that I favor reducing restrictions on trade. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE23,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Philip M. Crane"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS ACT ______ speech of HON. PHILIP M. CRANE of illinois in the house of representatives Tuesday, November 29, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.R. 5110) to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations: Mr. CRANE. Mr. Chairman, I believe it is necessary to provide further clarification regarding the antidumping provisions contained in title II of H.R. 5110, the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. I fully expect that the Commerce Department will implement the antidumping provisions of H.R. 5110 in a manner which is consistent with both the letter and spirit of our obligations under the WTO Agreement. I expect that Commerce will implement the following provisions in full compliance with our antidumping agreement obligations, and in a fair manner that the United States would have no objection to if used by foreign governments against U.S. exporters: evaluation of industry support Section 212 of H.R. 5110 establishes procedures for determining industry support, and provides conditions under which the petition may establish adequate support. Section 212 provides that the Commerce Department may, in appropriate circumstances, exclude a domestic producer of a like product from the industry where the producer is itself related to exporters or importers. As a general rule, Commerce should not include members of the domestic industry those domestic producers who oppose the petition, but are related to exporters, unless such producers demonstrate that their interests as domestic producers would be adversely affected by the imposition of an order. It is expected that related domestic producers must demonstrate to the Commerce Department how an order resulting from an investigation would adversely affect their interests, for example, by showing that their domestic production operations would be damaged. In addition, section 231 provides for termination of a case if Commerce determines that producers accounting for substantially all of the production of a product lack interest in the case. It is expected that Commerce will interpret this standard to be the same as that set forth in court decisions such as Gilmore Steel Corp. versus U.S., in which the standard is described as an overwhelming majority. captive production Section 222 of H.R. 5110 provides for the treatment of captive production in an injury inquiry. It is expected that the Commission, in implementing the captive production provision, will fully comply with article 3.5 and 4.1 of the antidumping agreement and articles 15.5 and 16.1 of the subsidies agreement, which require a finding that the dumped or subsidized imports are causing material injury to the domestic industry as a whole. It is my understanding that when examining a captive production situation, the ITC will focus primarily, but not exclusively, on the factors provided in the bill. However, the captive production provision does not limit the Commission to analyzing the merchant market, and an affirmative injury finding not based on an analysis of the industry as a whole, including captive production, would be inconsistent with the agreement. In addition, to the extent the Commission focuses its inquiry on noncaptive production in the domestic industry, it must also focus on noncaptive imports. It is expected that the Commission will apply the same criteria in its determination of whether to focus primarily on noncaptive imports as it applies in its determination of whether to focus primarily on noncaptive domestic production. It is also recognized that, by the nature of the fact that captive imports are internally consumed, such imports generally do not compete with the domestic like product. I expect that it will be very difficult to establish that captive imports compete with domestic production in a particular investigation. Accordingly, only rarely, if ever, should the ITC find that captive imports compete with the domestic like product. Negligible Imports In preliminary determinations, section 212 of the new legislation requires the Commission to base its finding on a determination as to whether there is a reasonable indication that imports are not negligible. It is expected that the Commission will, when necessary, use reasonable estimates when calculating import volumes. It is further expected that the Commission will normally terminate an investigation when import levels are below the statutory threshold, except when import volumes are extremely close to the statutory threshold and reliable data obtained in a final investigation establishes that imports exceed the statutory threshold. Sunset Reviews Section 220 of the legislation establishes that Commerce and the Commission will make their determinations concerning termination of an order based on the facts available if responses by the parties are inadequate. In judging the adequacy of responses, it is expected that Commerce and the Commission shall apply the same standard as that applied in other contexts of the antidumping and countervailing duty laws, such as Commerce's use of best information available. Article 11.3 of the antidumping agreement permits antidumping duties to remain in force pending the outcome of a sunset review, even if the review is not completed until after the 5-year deadline. The agreement thus authorizes the continued collection of duty deposits, but only up to the point that a sunset determination is made to revoke the order. In order to comply with our agreement obligations in cases where the determination is made to revoke the order, it is expected that, pursuant to section 751(d(3), Commerce will determine that the revocation will apply to entries on or after the date of the 5-year anniversary, and that Commerce will direct Customs to refund antidumping duty deposits on merchandise entered after the 5-year anniversary of the order. Section 221 of H.R. 5110 states that the Commission, in making its sunset determination, ``shall consider that the effects of revocation may not be imminent, but may manifest themselves only over a longer period of time.'' Although a sunset review is necessarily prospective in nature, it is not intended that Commerce or the Commission use this fact to extend orders indefinitely. It is not expected that the Commission will find that injury is likely to continue or recur based on uncertainty over the possible conditions at a point in time well beyond the time of the determination. It is expected that the order will be extended only in those cases where there is substantial evidence on the record that material injury is likely to continue or recur within a reasonable period of time. Duty Absorption/Duty as a Cost Sections 221 and 222 of H.R. 5110 provide for Commerce and the Commission to consider the issue of duty absorption. It is expected that before initiating a duty absorption inquiry, Commerce shall ensure that there is a reasonable basis to believe that duty absorption has occurred. The statement of administrative action makes clear that ``during an administrative review initiated 2 or 4 years after the issuance of an order, Commerce will examine, if requested, whether absorption has taken place by reviewing the data on the volume of dumped imports and dumping margins.'' Therefore, Commerce's inquiry will result in either an affirmative or negative finding of duty absorption. Nothing in the statement of administrative action or legislative language provides that Commerce would determine or compute the extent of duty absorption, or the magnitude of duty absorption. Therefore, it is expected that Commerce will not quantify the level of duty absorption, and that an affirmative finding will have no effect on the dumping margins calculated. In making its determination, Commerce should give less probative weight to dumping marging and data based on best information available, as these may be a poor indicator of whether a company is actually absorbing duties. Commerce will notify the International Trade Commission of its findings made during the 4-year review. The Commission should take these findings into account in determining the likelihood of continuation or recurrence of material injury in the sunset review. It is expected that the Commission will not consider duty absorption to the exclusion of other statutory factors. Further, it is expected that the weight accorded by the Commission to Commerce's duty absorption finding will depend on the extent to which it bears on the issue of the likelihood of continuation or recurrence of material injury in light of the facts of each case. Finally, the duty absorption provision in no way permits the treatment of antidumping duties as a cost to be deducted from the U.S. price. The treatment of antidumping duties as a cost has been repeatedly rejected by Commerce and U.S. reviewing courts. Moreover, in the U.S. retrospective duty assessment system, treatment of duties as a cost would violate the WTO Antidumping Agreement, result in the over- assessment of antidumping duties, and serve as a disincentive to investment in the United States. basis for determination of threat of injury Article 3.7 of the antidumping agreement, regarding the determination of threat of material injury, is unchanged from the 1979 antidumping code. It is expected that, as provided in the statement of administrative action at page 184, the Commission's practice in threat determinations will remain unchanged from current practice. As noted in the statement of administrative action, revision of the threat language of the statute in section 771(7)(F)(ii) in no way change Commission practice or judicial interpretations of the statute. export price and constructed export price definitions The statement of administrative action at page 152 states that the change in terminology from ``purchase price'' and ``exporter's sales price'' to ``export price'' and ``constructed export price'' will in no way change the criteria now used to categorize U.S. sales as one or the other. Commerce's decisions will be monitored closely to ensure that no change is, in fact, made in the Department's methodology for categorizing U.S. sales. reimbursement of antidumping duties The statement of administrative action expresses the administration's intent to continue to apply, when appropriate, the current regulation [19 C.F.R. Sec. 353.26] providing for antidumping duties to be increased when Commerce finds that an exporter has directly paid the antidumping duties due, or has reimbursed the importer for the importer's payment of the antidumping duties. The legislation makes no change in this regulation. It is not intended that this provision be extended to apply to countervailing duties. Countervailing duties differ from antidumping duties, and it is not intended that Commerce will deduct countervailing duties from export price or constructed export price when calculating the margin of dumping. fair comparison/normal value adjustments Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the requirement in antidumping agreement article 2.4 that ``a fair comparison shall be made between export price and normal value.'' It is expected that Commerce will ensure that a fair, apples-to-apples comparison is made in all cases. In particular, a fair comparison requires that, as a general rule, normal value shall be adjusted for the same costs and expenses for which adjustments are made to the export price or constructed export price. When U.S. price is based on constructed export price, it is expected that Commerce will make either a level of trade adjustment or a CEP offset adjustment to normal value. It is my understanding that an adjustment will be made to normal value in order to ensure a fair comparison to the export price or constructed export price, as the case may be. In measuring the effect on price comparability and interpreting the statutory requirement that a pattern of consistent price differences be shown, it is expected that Commerce will follow the statement of administrative action, which states that ``while the pattern of pricing at the two levels of trade under section 773(a)(7)(A) must be different, the prices at the levels need not be mutually exclusive; there may be some overlap between prices at the different levels of trade.'' Initiation of Cost Investigations in Reviews As noted in the statement of administrative action [page 163], section 224 amends section 773(b) to provide that Commerce must have reasonable grounds to initiate a cost of production investigation in an administrative review, if Commerce excluded below-cost sales of a particular exporter or producer from the determination of normal value ``in the most recently completed segment of the antidumping proceeding.'' Thus, in an administrative review, Commerce may initiate a cost investigation if it has excluded below cost sales in the most recently completed administrative review, or, if no review has been completed, in the original investigation. Anticircumvention Section 230 of H.R. 5110 amends the anticircumvention provision of the law, which currently provides for a test of whether the difference between the value of parts imported from the subject country and the value of the finished product is small. The legislation replaces this test with two inquiries: whether minor or insignificant assembly or completion is occurring in the United States or the third country, and whether the value of parts imported to the United States or third country from the country subject to the order is a significant proportion of the total value of the finished product. The structure of the statute is based on the anticircumvention provisions of the ``Dunkel Text.'' It is expected that Commerce will adhere to the statutory requirement that the value of the parts is a significant proportion of the value of the finished product. For example, the value of a flat panel display in relation to the value of a finished laptop computer would not be significant, and thus would not be found to circumvent an antidumping order on laptops. Further, it is expected that only in very rare instances would Commerce find circumvention to be occurring between unrelated parties. It is expected that Commerce will not interpret these criteria such that the value added in the United States becomes the essential determinant of whether circumvention is occurring. The anticircumvention rules must not operate as a domestic content rule, or as a critical component rule. Moreover, in order to comply with the antidumping agreement and article VI of the GATT 1994, Commerce must only apply antidumping duties to merchandise for which a final determination of dumping and injury has been made. Start-Up Costs Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the adjustment for startup operations provided for in article 2.2.1.1 of the antidumping agreement. This provision was one of the agreement's most important accomplishments on behalf of U.S. exports, in particular, high- technology exports. Commerce must not undercut this accomplishment by prematurely ending the start-up period or by limiting the start-up adjustment. It is expected that Commerce will determine the start-up period to end at the point at which commercial production levels characteristic of the product, producer or industry under investigation are achieved, based on production of merchandise of quality levels sufficient for sale. Further, when making the start-up adjustment, Commerce is expected to amortize all start-up costs only after the end of the start-up period and over the life of the product or equipment. Short Supply While I continue to support separate short supply legislation, the administration has stated that there are mechanisms under current law to address short supply situations. Specifically, the fact that a product is not being produced in the United States should be reflected in the ITC's determination of whether the imports are a cause of injury to the domestic industry. That is, if petitioning companies are not producing a competing product, there will be no adverse effect with respect to the imported merchandise, and the ITC must take this into account in its injury determination. After an order is in effect, Commerce can declare a product outside the scope of an order if it has substantially different characteristics or uses than the subject merchandise, or if it is unclear whether the order included the specific product. It is my expectation that Commerce and the ITC will actively use their existing authority to address short supply situations. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE24,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"A SPECIAL SALUTE TO CHARLES O. HILL, ESSAY CONTEST WINNER",HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Louis Stokes"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A SPECIAL SALUTE TO CHARLES O. HILL, ESSAY CONTEST WINNER ______ HON. LOUIS STOKES of ohio in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I am proud of youth throughout my congressional district who often exhibit tremendous talent and ability in both academic settings and throughout their respective communities. I rise today to salute a special young man, Charles O. Hill, whom I recently had the pleasure of meeting. Charles is currently a ninth grade student at John Hay High School in Cleveland. Earlier this year while attending Central Intermediate School, Charles was the winner of an essay contest sponsored by the National Institution for Responsible Fatherhood and Family Development. The contest challenged youth to express their views on a very important subject, the issue of fatherhood. Charles' essay, entitled, ``Greatest Dad,'' not only noted the difference between a ``dad'' and ``father,'' but he also paid tribute to men, such as his own father, who take their responsibilities as fathers and parents seriously. One of the prizes Charles was awarded was the opportunity to have lunch and a photo session with his Congressman. I was pleased to meet both Charles and his father, Jack Hill. Charles is an outstanding young man who is bright and articulate. He also has the potential to be a future leader. During our meeting, I was also struck by the close bond that exists between father and son. It became clear that Charles' essay was written from the heart about an individual whom he greatly admires. Mr. Speaker, I want to share the ``Greatest Dad'' essay written by Charles Hill with my colleagues and the Nation. It is a very moving piece which deserves this kind of recognition. Greatest Dad A dad is nothing but a man who makes a baby. He may or may not be able to take care of it. But a ``father'' to me, is a man who takes good care of his children. Father--a male parent; one deserving the respect and love given. The definition above is explaining a father according to the Webster's dictionary. To me a father has to be more than that. He has to have love in his heart, and everyday actions. A father gives his all toward his children not part of it. A dad is a man who makes a baby and leave. I like to call them sperm donors. Sperm donors are one of the reasons that many male youth are being labeled trouble makers, hood rats, or just plain dumb, but they know no other way to live because their dad is not being a father. A father don't necessarily have to give and give until he has no more. But gives to the point that his child will lay down and die for him. Many times I find out that people who join gangs, get into drugs, have no male figure in their home so they find security some place else, or the male figure is so weak that the child don't have faith. Young female children need a father too, not just the male children, as I hear many times. Females need a father to have an idea of a good man. School has a way of making life so plain about sex, but not about parenthood, they should at least give young people an idea of parenthood. Sex is easy. Being responsible and a good parent takes a lot of hard work and dedication. To have a good father is a gift. A gift almost as good as life. Because a good father will raise a descent child along with the help of a good mother, to have a great life or simply succeed. Children have a responsibility to live life to the fullest and a father can help. So the bottom line is, having a ``father'' or a dad can make you or brake you. --Charles O. Hill, Central Intermediate School. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE25,1994-12-20,103,2,,,A SPECIAL SALUTE TO DR. SELMA BURKE,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Louis Stokes"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A SPECIAL SALUTE TO DR. SELMA BURKE ______ HON. LOUIS STOKES of ohio in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, there are many African-Americans and other people of color who have made significant contributions to the development of this Nation. Today I come to share with my colleagues a special article which appeared in the Cleveland Plain Dealer newspaper about one such individual. The article explores the life of Dr. Selma Burke, a remarkably gifted African-American sculptor whose outstanding artwork has been featured at the Malcolm Brown Gallery in the 11th Congressional District. Dr. Burke, now 93 years of age, was first noted for her mastery of art during the Harlem Renaissance period of the 1920's and 1930's. Her involvement in the field of art spans more than 5 decades. In fact, Dr. Burke remains one of the oldest African-American artists still actively involved in the visual arts. She is the founder of the Selma Burke School of Sculpture in New York City and the Selma Burke Art Center in Pittsburgh. Despite the success Dr. Burke has enjoyed in the field of art, however, the recognition for one of her most famed works eluded her for many years. In 1943, Dr. Burke won the District of Columbia Fine Arts Commission competition for her bronze plaque of President Roosevelt. Today, this plaque hangs in the Recorder of Deeds Office here in Washington, DC, and according to scholars, is the basis for the image of President Franklin D. Roosevelt which appears on the United States dime. Mr. Speaker, I recently had the pleasure of meeting with Dr. Burke during a special exhibition in Shaker Heights, OH. On Sunday, December 11, 1994, she was the guest of Ernestine and Malcolm Brown, two of Cleveland's outstanding individuals who are also the owners of the Malcolm Brown Gallery. To mark the occasion, I was proud to present Dr. Burke with a Congressional Proclamation in honor of her significant accomplishments. During her visit to Cleveland, this gifted artist spoke and told a fascinating story of how she began her career. Dr. Burke is an articulate and engaging speaker who held our attention to every word she spoke. Her appearance in Cleveland and other places was highlighted on the CBS Morning News. Thus, the Nation is now aware of the work of this great woman who says, ``I was born to be a sculptor.'' Mr. Speaker, I believe that Dr. Selma Burke deserves special recognition for her continued efforts to foster a greater appreciation for the arts. I am pleased to share with my colleagues the Plain Dealer article which traces the phenomenal history of this great African- American. Sculptor, 93, Carving Artworks, Opinions (By Steven Litt) Selma Burke, 93, has earned more honors in her long career than many other 20th-century American artists. She first garnered attention as a sculptor in the Harlem Renaissance, the burst of art, music and literature by blacks in New York during the 1920s and '30s. She later studied in Europe, founded an art school in New York and an art center in Pittsburgh, and was awarded nearly a dozen honorary degrees. But one thing eludes her. It is credit for the portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt that appears on the dime, which was issued by the U.S. Mint in 1946. The dime bears the tiny initials ``JS,'' which stand for John Sinnock, the former mint chief engraver who, according to Burke, copied a bronze portrait plaque of Roosevelt created by Burke in 1944 for the Recorder of Deeds Office in Washington, D.C. ``I'm so mad at that man,'' she says of Sinnock. Officials at the mint say their records show Sinnock deserves full credit for the Roosevelt dime. But Burke isn't convinced. She says that because she is black, she will never get the recognition she feels she deserves. ``This has happened to so many black people,'' she says. ``I have never stopped fighting this man and have never had anyone who cared enough to give me the credit.'' It is a warm Friday afternoon in June, and Burke is musing over her career while visiting the Malcolm Brown Gallery in Shaker Heights, where a solo show of her work is on view through July 31. The artists sits in a carved wooden chair in the corner of the gallery, gazing at 15 stone and bronze sculptures as if they were children she loves despite their flaws. ``There are things you wished you had done differently, and things you're glad you did,'' she says, wistfully. The 15 works on view include a plaster portrait bust of Duke Ellington, a wood carving of a falling angel clutching a snake to her chest, and a semi-abstract brass sculpture of a nude female torso with liquid contours and highlights. The work blends African-American subjects with a style rooted in the academic realism of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) Art Project, in which Burke took part. The FDR plaque is not part of the show. As she speaks about her career, Burke oscillates between grandmotherly warmth and righteous anger. But the artist is not consumed in bitterness. She speaks rapturously about how she still works three hours a day in her studio in Solebury Township, Pa., and occasionally teaches classes of young schoolchildren in the area. ``Oh, I love it!'' she says, ``I love carving wood and stone.'' And she talks about how she finds peace attending a local Quaker meeting because ``I like the silence.'' Burke was born on Dec. 31, 1900, in Mooresville, N.C. Despite an early interest in art, she followed her parents' urgings that she became a nurse. It was in New York in the mid-1920s that the wealthy heiress who employed Burke as a nurse encouraged her to take lessons at the Art Student's League. Burke also worked as a model for sculptor Paul Manship and photographers Edward Steichen and Alfred Stieglitz. In 1935, she met the Harlem Renaissance poet Claude McKay, whom she later married. On the eve of World II, Burke earned fellowships that allowed her to travel in Europe, where she studied with Henri Matisse and Aristide Maillol. In 1943, while working as a truck driver for the U.S. Navy in a New York navy yard, Burke entered a competition to sculpt a profile of Roosevelt for the Recorder of Deeds office in Washington, DC. Burke tried for months to work from photographs, but failed to find a precise profile of the president. Finally, she wrote the president and requested a visit. To her surprise, Roosevelt agreed. During a 45-minute sketching session in the White House on Feb. 22, 1944, the loquacious commander in chief peppered the sculptor with so many questions she couldn't concentrate. Finally, she grabbed Roosevelt's head in both hands and said: ``Mr. President, could you hold your head like this?'' Roosevelt stood still, which allowed Burke to sketch his profile on a sheet of brown supermarket paper. To her surprise, the president invited her back the next day for a second session. A year later, Eleanor Roosevelt visited the artist's New York studio to view the finished plaque, and told Burke, ``I think you've made Franklin too young.'' But the artist said: ``I didn't make it for today, I made it for tomorrow and tomorrow. There's something of a Roman gladiator in there, a strong ruler in a time of war.'' Burke and some scholars believe that Sinnock used her sketches and plaques to design the profile of Roosevelt that appears on the dime. But Brenda Gatling, public information officer for the mint, says ``both Ms. Burke and Sinnock did live sittings with the president. Historical records do not bear out Ms. Burke's statements that he copied her design. Those who could have provided eyewitness accounts have long passed on.'' But Burke isn't discouraged. ``Everybody knows I did it,'' she says. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE26,1994-12-20,103,2,,,RECOGNIZING THE LATE JUDGE FRANK BATTISTI OF CLEVELAND,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Louis Stokes"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] RECOGNIZING THE LATE JUDGE FRANK BATTISTI OF CLEVELAND ______ HON. LOUIS STOKES of ohio in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, on October 19, 1994, the Cleveland community suffered the loss of a legal giant. I rise today to honor the late U.S. District Court Judge Frank J. Battisti, who passed away on that date at the age of 72. Judge Frank Battisti was the lifelong jurist, both in and out of the courtroom. His devotion to law carried him from Youngstown to Harvard Law School, and eventually to an appointment on the U.S. district court in Cleveland by President John F. Kennedy. At the age of 39, he was the youngest Federal judge in the country. Judge Battisti's legal career was driven by his head and fueled by his heart. He was a respected, and sometimes feared, judge who felt a passion for the court that he was able to translate through his decisions. Judge Battisti clearly understood the responsibility of his position, and the weight of fairness and jurisprudence. He considered how the law would affect people, not just how a decision would fit neatly into legal theory. In short, Judge Frank Battisti had the human touch. Mr. Speaker, Judge Battisti never backed down from controversial cases. From the acquittal of the Ohio National Guardsmen after the Kent State shootings to a plan to desegregate public housing, he found answers to very tough problems in very troubled times. His unblinking eye on social and racial injustice helped him focus on the legal injustice he saw in his courtroom. His human touch never shone brighter, and the criticism never roared louder, than after his controversial and historic decision to desegregate Cleveland's school district in Reed against Rhodes. Judge Battisti simply believed that children, regardless of race, religion, or background, had an equal right to an equal education in the Cleveland public school system. His maverick stand clearly had the children's interest at heart, and he never wavered in the firestorm of protest that followed Reed against Rhodes. Nearly two decades later, it still remains to be seen whether Reed against Rhodes was the right answer, but the underlying principle Judge Battisti defended in that decision showed his remarkable courage and determination. Mr. Speaker, as a former practicing attorney in Cleveland, I had the utmost respect and admiration for Judge Battisti. The passing of Frank Battisti is a loss to the legal community, a loss to Cleveland, and a loss to the never-ending quest for equality, fairness, and justice. He did not simply sit on the bench, he embodied law. He was every bit a judge, in every sense of the word. Mr. Speaker, I ask that an editorial from the Cleveland Plain Dealer newspaper that pays tribute to Judge Battisti be entered into the Record for my colleagues to read. I also ask that my colleagues join me in recognizing the late Judge Frank Battisti. [From the Plain Dealer, Oct. 20, 1994] Judge Frank J. Battisti Some admired him. Some reviled him. Few would deny the powerful impact U.S. District Judge Frank J. Battisti, who died yesterday at age 72, had on Cleveland. On his name and on his most famous ruling--which found that Cleveland public schools had violated the law by practicing racial segregation--countless candidates premised their campaigns for public office. In his name and in the name of his most famous ruling, tens of thousands of black schoolchildren learned one of the most important lessons of their lives: that the Constitution's protections extended to them. To understand Battisti is to gain greater knowledge about a vital, unfinished chapter of Cleveland history and one of its central characters. By 1976, when Battisti issued his finding against the school district, black children in Cleveland already had learned about meanness, hatred and prejudice. The U.S. Supreme Court had decided in the 1954 case of Brown vs. Board of Education that state laws allowing racially segregated schools violated the constitutional right to equal protection. Many big-city school districts began addressing racial patterns soon after that landmark decision. Cleveland was not among them: Officials continued practices that deliberately separated black and white students. In fact, even after a class action was filed in U.S. District Court in 1973, the black school board president and the white superintendent fought against disassembling ``black'' schools. The Cleveland and Boston school districts reacted with the most extreme defiance to court desegregation orders, said Gary Orfield, a professor of education and social policy and the head of the Harvard Project on School Desegregation. The rancor did not stop after the ruling. Battisti's comprehensive order had 14 components intended to bring an equal education to all of the city's students. One of the provisions, reassigning students to achieve integration, overshadowed all the rest. A single word summed it up: busing. When Battisti required student reassignments, he used one of the most favored methods of the day for integrating schools. But neither the schools nor the city were the same after the order. Whites and blacks fled as soon as they could afford to do so. Busing became a lightning rod for some incumbent and aspiring school board members who blamed it for all of Cleveland's ills. The rest of Battisti's order, which forced neglectful district officials to install more responsible management and promote improved student achievement, was forgotten by the public and cruelly ignored by a succession of school boards and administrations. Now, 20 years after Battisti's finding, 40 years after Brown vs. Board of Education, Cleveland schools are predominantly one race and nearly all the children are getting an equally insufficient education. Schools cannot integrate in cities with such segregated housing patterns, as communities across the United States have learned. Time has proven that reassigning students to integrate schools was the wrong remedy. But what motivated Battisti, who was appointed to the U.S. District Court by President John F. Kennedy in 1961, is not so clear-cut. Friends and associates say he was a deeply religious Catholic who felt that injustices like segregation were morally as well as legally wrong. And so he also took on cases in which he ordered the integration of public housing in Cleveland and Parma. The devout and passionate Battisti saw the federal judgeship as a calling he felt compelled to answer and continually act upon. In that mission, people were divided into the good and the bad. ``Battisti believed and stood for something much larger than the minutiae of constitutional doctrine. He possessed the intellect to understand the sweep of history,'' said Daniel McMullen, who recently left as the director of the Office on School Monitoring and Community Relations, the federal court's watchdog of the Cleveland schools' desegregation effort. Perhaps only deep moral convictions could have shaped that broader vision and helped Battisti confront racism. Deep moral convictions could have provided comfort and courage through years of being vilified, of death threats directed at him and his family. His life had been threatened, too, when he acquitted eight former Ohio National Guardsmen in the 1970 killings of students at Kent State University. Battisti likely would have been hounded still more as the question returned to his court of whether John Demjanjuk should be deported. Battisti could handle harassment directed at him. But the judge was anguished when those he cared for were the targets. Some say Battisti was sustained by the ample ego and strong sense of independence that led him into conflicts with his colleagues on the federal bench. Ego and independence may have contributed to him sticking with student reassignments to attain integration in Cleveland schools even when it became unpopular among blacks, the very victims of the original discrimination. What the public saw and read did not reflect the private side of Frank Battisti. He was a devoted family man and a fiercely loyal friend who used to sit around with pals at a local furniture store and gab. He and his wife had no children, but doted on their niece and nephew. He could be stoic, stern and even arrogant to those who came before him in court. But Battisti had a good sense of humor and never tired of telling stories, especially about fishing. He loved fly fishing and he loved Montana, and it was ironic that an insect bite he suffered while fly fishing in Montana brought about the illness that killed him. Judge Frank J. Battisti's impact on Greater Cleveland will be debated for as long as it is remembered. That is understandable. But the man himself should also be recalled as a longtime public servant who unflinchingly took on cases of injustice. He should be mourned as a person who knew the value of friends and of family--and of a fight hard-fought." CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE3,1994-12-20,103,2,,,COMMENTS ON THE NATION OF MALTA,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Earl F. Hilliard"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] COMMENTS ON THE NATION OF MALTA ______ HON. EARL F. HILLIARD of alabama in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. HILLIARD. Mr. Speaker, it is inherent in Washington's role as the Capital of the free world for heads of state to come here for consultations and discussions with the leaders of the United States, and unfortunately many of their visits go unnoticed. However, one such visit which did not go unnoticed was a tour by the Prime Minister of Malta, the Honorable Fenech-Adami. Prime Minister Fenech-Adami was the leader of a delegation which included his deputy prime minister/minister of foreign affairs, the honorable Guido de Marco. The delegation from Malta met with President Clinton, the Secretary of State, the National Security Advisor, the chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, as well as the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. It is wonderful for the United States to host a delegation of leaders from another nation who exemplify the characteristics of honor and integrity. In an age when many of the nations of the world are entangled in blood feuds and ethnic genocide, it is refreshing to know that there are still nations, like Malta, who have able and fair-minded leaders. A recent article in the Washington Times by Andrew Borowiec, succinctly described the positive changes which the strategic island of Malta has undergone since the 1987 election of Dr. Fenech-Adami. I hereby submit the aforementioned Washington Times article for inclusion in the Congressional Record. [From the Washington Times, Sept. 25, 1994] Malta's Prime Minister Touts Island as New Business Base (By Andrew Borowiec) Seven years of conservative rule have turned Malta into a prosperous island striving to become a major center of business activity in the western Mediterranean, its prime minister said yesterday. Pointless prestige projects have been discarded, infrastructure has been developed, and Malta is anxious to join the European Union, Edward Fenech-Adami told editors and reporters of The Washington Times. Because of structural problems in the EU, Malta's membership cannot be considered until 1996, ``although legally we are entitled to it now,'' he said. South of Sicily and a short distance from Tunisia, the ``Island of Honey and Roses'' remains painfully aware of the threat of Islamic fundamentalism battering Algeria. Mr. Fenech-Adami described the Islamic movement as a ``cauldron that has to be watched'' and said the solution is ``not to suppress it now and then, but eliminate it.'' With a population of 370,000 and an area of 122 square miles, barely twice that of the District of Columbia, Malta is a bastion of Roman Catholicism. It has three churches per square mile. The overwhelming influence of the church was challenged somewhat by the socialists who were voted out of power in 1987. Overcoming the opposition of labor unions, the government this week drafted a major plan to revamp the huge shipyards it inherited from Britain upon independence in 1964. Mr. Fenech-Adami described the agreement as a ``milestone,'' saying Malta no longer will build ships, but will develop the yards into joint ventures making containers and cranes. Trying to keep the shipyards working ``was a desperate act on the part of the socialist government,'' he said. When the socialists flirted with Libya before the rise to power of Mr. Fenech-Adami's Nationalist Party, Libyan gunboats were repaired in the shipyards. Although under his leadership Malta has distanced itself from Libya, Mr. Fenech-Adami said a ``good working relationship'' continues and ``the proximity of Libya cannot be ignored.'' Mr. Fenech-Adami said Malta has registered constant economic growth in recent years, including 8.1 percent last year. Unemployment is 4 percent on an island whose men in the past frequently left in search of work. The inflation rate has been reduced to 4 percent, he said. ``We now think of Malta as a hub, promoting it as a center of international trade and business activity.'' Discussing the plans for Malta's EU membership, Mr. Fenech- Adami said: ``The prospects are good. Malta has gained a lot of credibility. Our low unemployment--and I call it full employment--is due to the high degree of confidence.'' ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE4,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO PAT RIESLER,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Benjamin A. Gilman"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO PAT RIESLER ______ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN of new york in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to Pat Riesler, staff director of the Education and Labor Committee on the occasion of her retirement at the end of the 103d Congress. As the ranking Republican on the House Post Office and Civil Service Committee, I had the pleasure of working with Pat for 10 years. During that time, Pat served as deputy staff director and staff director of the House Post Office and Civil Service Committee. Pat was always ready and available to meet the needs of all the members of the committee on both sides of the isle. Her political instincts, as well as her knowledge of the issues, were always well thought out and professional. Pat Riesler came to Congress 31 years ago, and as Roll Call noted in its 1993 article, Pat Riesler was among the elite group of ``Hill climbers.'' She started as a staff assistant and worked her way up to her current position as staff director of the Education and Labor Committee. Mr. Speaker, Pat, who has always been pleasant and accommodating, has devoted her entire professional life to Congress, advancing a legislative agenda that was balanced and fair. Pat was especially instrumental in promoting the enactment of such reforms as the Federal Employment Retirement System, changes in the Federal pay statutes, the Ethics in Government Act, which established the Office of Government Ethics, and numerous other legislative initiatives that benefited Federal and Postal employees. Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I appreciate this opportunity to honor the outstanding career and contributions Pat Riesler has made to this institution, and I ask you and my colleagues to join me in wishing Pat a wonderful life and all the best in her future endeavors. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE5,1994-12-20,103,2,,,CONSUMER PROTECTIONS NEEDED IN HEALTH MANAGED CARE PLANS,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Fortney Pete Stark"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] CONSUMER PROTECTIONS NEEDED IN HEALTH MANAGED CARE PLANS ______ HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK of california in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, managed care represents a threat and an opportunity. The threat is that quality care and innovative treatment will be sacrificed to short-term profit. The opportunity is the potentially wider availability of health care. The tools of managed care--credentialing, case management, control of utilization, innovative use of information systems, and efficiency through total quality management--have been used in an attempt to lower costs through a more rational use of resources. The success of managed care programs is questionable, however, and numerous accounts of abuse in managed care programs are highlighted each day in newspapers, magazines, and scholarly journals.These accounts demonstrate the destructive potential of managed care approaches. The following is a list of concerns extracted from recent articles. This list, combined with emerging data on the effectiveness of managed care programs presents convincing evidence that we are just beginning to understand the ramifications of one of the most dramatic trends in health care--that of managed care. Regulation of the managed care industry is necessary to protect consumers' rights to quality health care. Issues of Concern in Managed Care i. enrollment Agents enroll beneficiaries who do not understand managed care restrictions. Some beneficiaries have been enrolled and re-enrolled in plans dozens of times. This is often known as ``churning of enrollees''. Lock-in provisions are often not explained. Enrollment of the beneficiaries is often done through M.D. offices without complete disclosure to the beneficiary. Reports of mass enrollment by trickery. For example, reports state that citizens were asked to come to a local library to ``practice'' filling out their enrollment forms. The forms were then collected and used to enroll unsuspecting seniors in managed care plans. ii. marketing Selective marketing is sometimes directed toward healthier seniors. Reports that prohibition on marketing practices and fraudulent claims is being violated. Agents may excessively raise expectations of the beneficiary. Ex. agents convincing seniors to switch HMO's using false attacks on competitor, e.g., not enough funds to pay doctors. Out of network coverage can be misleading. For example, a seventy-five year-old woman with a broken hip was expected to travel across the country following initial hospitalization. iii. quality of care Care decisions are often made by inexperienced gatekeepers instead of by on line physicians. Inappropriate denial of procedures that are recommended by a physician and covered by Medicare. Inappropriate delay in providing services/goods which the HMO approved (ex. wheelchair). No professional obligation to the enrollee by the HMO similar to that of the MD/patient or nurse/patient relationship. The lack of professional relationship could limit recourse for appeal by patient. Approved list of drugs (formulary) given to MDs may not include name brands. Difficulty in getting any drug not on the formulary. Quantity of drugs may be limited at the pharmacy so that patients have to make numerous trips to get the drugs for the prescribed number of treatment days. Inappropriate refusal to cover a skilled nursing home or failure to develop a safe plan for patient discharge. Medicare beneficiaries encouraged to disenroll from risk contract HMOs once they get sick. High turnover of HMO physicians. There is a lack of care continuity. Patients are assigned physicians rather than choosing them. There is a need to protect patient confidentiality. For example, software packages for internal outcomes-related criteria are shared with health professionals in managed care plan/hospital not on patient case. Enrollee complaints about waiting for appointments. iv. oversight/regulation There is often no pattern for state regulation of HMOs. There are no uniform state quality assurance requirements. Advocates express frustration at lack of oversight efforts in federal HMO regulation. No uniform national standard requirement for solvency and quality assurance. The split in oversight responsibility at the state level leads to gaps: Insurance departments have oversight over business issues and contracts; Health departments regulate quality of care and credentials of providers; Complaints and ratings are areas of interaction. However, in practice, ratings are primarily dealt with by the Insurance Commissioners. Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs) are regulated only when they assume risk. There is a lack of uniform comparative information on HMO plans for consumer use. HMOs liability for denial of care may be inappropriately limited. v. provider issues In some cases, there are limited contract termination rights for physicians. There are some reports of limited referrals to specialists in the network when referral is appropriate. Need for more comprehensive utilization review standards. Unclear utilization standards. Difficulties getting prior authorization. Inadequately qualified reviewers. Standards and process differ to every plan. Plan standards and processes constantly changing. No provider input into developing standards. Some managed care plans use a physician's name in a marketing appeal without approval from the physician. Some managed care plans do not notify physicians when they are seeking to create or expand a network. Refusal to reimburse non-network providers for emergency out-of-area services. ``Gag rule'' to limit information providers may give patients regarding alternative treatments (Rep. McDermott). Non-HMO providers pursue patients for bills that are the responsibility of the HMO. Some HMOs may hire ``problem'' physicians. Providers rate/evaluated based on their cost of practice procedures (referrals/ tests/hospitalizations). vi. grievance procedures/due process Review by an HMO may take as long as the HMO wants to extend it--time works against the elderly sick. Failure of HMOs to meet requirements of notice of right to appeal. Beneficiary needs notice of the right to submit independent information to support his position when a treatment is denied. Beneficiary may be denied care without being shown the information on which the decision was made. No paperwork means no notice of how benefits, particularly drug benefits, are calculated. There is often no notice to the beneficiary that the drug benefit limit is fast approaching so that seniors can budget for payments that will be inevitable. Wholesale drug price the HMO uses to calculate benefit may exceed retail cost at other pharmacies. In many cases, there is no immediate access to an independent peer review authority. There is no right to have representation at appeal. Medicare beneficiary appeals take too long to resolve--4 to 6 months on average. No advocates for the consumer in the HMO. Beneficiaries have problems getting reimbursed for out-of- area emergency services. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE6,1994-12-20,103,2,,,A SPECIAL HARLEM HOMECOMING,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Charles B. Rangel"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A SPECIAL HARLEM HOMECOMING ______ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL of new york in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I'd like to share with you and my colleagues here in the House, a story which appeared in the October 19, 1994 edition of the New York Daily News. The story is about a homecoming, a very special homecoming of friends, neighbors, and acquaintances from years past coming together for the annual gathering of residents of the Harlem River Houses. It was the best of times and gives true meaning to what we term today as the good ol' days: Their Harlem Homecoming (By Lenore Skenazy) a project's alumni return to celebrate the old nabe It could have been a Harvard reunion. The judge from Detroit greeted the cardiologist from California who joshed with the official from the UN who hugged the executive from CBS who called over the deputy commissioner of the NYPD * * * Except it wasn't a Harvard reunion. It was a housing project reunion in a church basement on 151st St.: The annual gathering of folks lucky enough to have grown up in the Harlem River Houses--New York's first federally funded housing development. ``I don't think you'll find too many communities where folks will come back from the far corners of the nation for a reunion.'' says Don Matthews, a city housing honcho. ``But I grew up here with a bevy of friends. This is truly the personification of community.'' As it was born to be. In 1936, Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia helped break the ground for a great New Deal experiment: A housing complex straddling Seventh Ave. at 152d St. for low- income New Yorkers anxious to escape Harlem's tenements. The project would be four stories high, sturdy and attractive. The apartments would overlook a courtyard, making it easy to keep an eye on the kids. The application process would be lengthy, affording a superselect tenant base: Only two-parent, stable-income, churchgoing families need apply. And 11,000 did. For 433 places. ``This was an experiment,'' explains Rodney Saunders, now an architect. ``The idea was: If they were going to build more [public housing], this one had to work.'' It did better than that. It became a lovely place to live. ``We were poor, but we didn't know it,'' recalls David Scott, now second in command at the NYPD. ``It just felt so secure!'' It was secure, thanks, in great part, to the fact that all the adults looked out for all the kids. ``If you were crossing the street and someone saw you, they'd call your parents and say, `What's your son doing crossing the street?' Then some parent or your own parent would come and get you,'' says Don Fitzpatrick, who went on to become Andrew Young's policy affairs officer at the United Nations. The shopkeepers--and there were 24 stores in the project back then--did the same thing. Buy a box of cigarets, ``and before you got home they'd have called your parents to let them know you're smoking,'' recalls Peggy Grant Baylor, now a judge in Detroit. ``You were given very little room to do wrong,'' sums up George Edwards. ``You really had to work to be a bad egg.'' If, somehow, you succeeded, you did not escape unpunished. The project's one and only security guard would give you a whack. And then your parents would do the same. The best of times ``I wish I could've grown up there,'' pines Joe Bourne, a former Harlem Globetrotter, who grew up on 144th St. He used to play ball against the Harlem River Houses kids and, the everyone else in the neighborhood, he considered them rich. ``They had the best housing,'' he says. ``the best everything!'' They even had some of the best athletes: John Carlos, who won the bronze medal for the 200-meter dash at the 1968 Olympics (and raised his hand in a black power fist at the awards ceremony)--he used to race from one end of the courtyard to the other. ``And I'll tell you something,'' confides Saunders, the architect. ``He wasn't even the fastest guy in the project!'' The Apaches, one of the five local baseball teams thriving at the time, became the first black team to win the citywide Police Athletic League championship. That was back in '49 or '50--no one can remember for certain. But they do remember what happened: ``Being from a poor neighborhood,'' says Emmett Baylor (now special assistant to the mayor of Detroit), he and his teammates were very attracted to the jackets worn by their opponents. ``They were big, bulky, wool fleece jackets that the P.A.L. champions always got,'' Baylor recalls. ``We said, `Man, we will win those jackets!''' And they did win. But they didn't get the jackets. ``They gave us runnerup windbreakers that they stitched `Winner' across,'' says Baylor, shaking his head. ``This was not too long after Jackie Robinson [had broken the baseball color barrier]. The system could not stand a black team winning.'' look back in non-anger The system could not stand too many blacks doing too well at anything, back then. But strangely enough, despite the rampant discrimination of the era, Harlem River's alums still remember a halcyon childhood. ``In the `50s and `60s, no one locked their doors,'' says Saunders. On sunny days, the kids played in ``The Pit,'' a playground in the central courtyard. Rainy days, they'd chase each other through the tunnels connecting all the buildings. ``We'd play Wild Bill Hickok or Roy Rogers,'' Saunders recalls. ``It was very clear in those days: Good guys versus bad guys. Nowadays you have a lot of anti-heroes. Kids are really confused about who the good guys are.'' True, life in the 1990s is not simple. Drugs and violence pollute too many projects. Too few parents peer out the window. But to this day, the Harlem River Houses look good. There's a branch of the public library still operating in one of the buildings. Lots of trees--and little graffiti--grace the project. The Pit still beckons to kids. If the early alums no longer live here, it's mostly because they've moved up and on. ``This was nice in the beginning,'' says Don Fitzpatrick, pointing to the project. ``It's still nice. But now I have an apartment on Fifth Ave.'' Thanks to a solid childhood in Harlem. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE7,1994-12-20,103,2,,,SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO STAFF,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Romano L. Mazzoli"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO STAFF ______ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI of kentucky in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all current and former members of my staff for their tireless efforts and dedication to my office and to the Third Congressional District of Kentucky. Over my 24 years in Congress, there have been hundreds of individuals who have dedicated their time, knowledge, and energy to my office. Although I do wish that I could list each one by name, I would just like to extend my most sincere gratitude for their years of service. I would, however, like to thank specifically and by name my current Washington office staff: Dennis Ambach, Jayne Jordan, Jane Kirby, Alva Lewis, Christian Patterson, Henry Semple, and Greta Stovall. And I want to thank my office staff in Louisville: Ron Crawford, Sheila Embry, Anne Marks, Charles Mattingly, Diane Murrah, and Brenda Sweatt. I would also like to mention my staff on the Subcommittee on International Law, Immigration, and Refugees, who have been so helpful and devoted over the years: Kevin Anderson, Lizzie Daniels, Judy Knott, Leslie Megyeri, Eugene Pugliese, and Katherine Urban. I would also like to thank Renee Benjamin, Leslie Hawk, Michael Long, Janice Cassidy, and Ken McCarthy, who, although they left my office recently for other pursuits, will always be remembered for their hard work and loyalty. I have truly been fortunate to have the support of a very capable staff, who, through their dedication, hard work, and loyalty, have enabled me to devote all of the talents of mind, body, and spirit that God has granted me to the people of the Third Congressional District of Kentucky. I am truly grateful to all of them and I wish for them much happiness and success in the future. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE8,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN DEAN GALLO,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Tom Bevill"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN DEAN GALLO ______ HON. TOM BEVILL of alabama in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to commemorate the outstanding public service of Congressman Dean Gallo. I knew Dean from when he first came to Congress 10 years ago. He was one of the most well-liked Members of Congress, as well as one of the most able. He had been a respected member of the Appropriations Committee since 1989 and an important part of the Energy and Water Development Subcommittee since 1991. Having Dean on my subcommittee these past 4 years was a real pleasure, and I know all of us on the committee will miss him. Dean worked hard for issues that mattered to the Eleventh District of New Jersey, but he never forgot the greater national interest. However acrimonious the debate, you could always expect Dean to be level-headed and practical. He was a gentleman legislator and a good friend. America would be lucky to have more Congressmen like Dean Gallo. We have lost a great man in Dean Gallo, but his accomplishments will live on. The people of New Jersey, whom he served so well, owe him a debt of gratitude which I know they are happy to pay. I would like to join with my colleagues in honoring his memory. It was my sincere pleasure to know Dean Gallo and to work with him. We will all miss him very much. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgE9,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO RUTH BRASWELL TRUMAN,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Charlie Rose"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO RUTH BRASWELL TRUMAN ______ HON. CHARLIE ROSE of north carolina in the house of representatives Tuesday, December 20, 1994 Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this time to recognize Ms. Ruth Braswell Truman, who will be celebrating her 80th birthday on January 8, 1995. Ms. Truman is a native North Carolinian and a constituent of mine. She was born in Winston-Salem in 1915 to Flora and Lonnie Braswell and attended R.J. Reynolds High School and High Point College. After her move to Washington, DC, in 1936, she pursued a career with a major life insurance company where she worked until her retirement in 1973. Ms. Truman now resides in Wilmington, NC, and is an active member of Wrightsville United Methodist Church. I would like to congratulate her and extend the best wishes of the U.S. Congress as she approaches this great milestone. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS,1994-12-20,103,2,,,S E N A T E,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] S E N A T E Vol. 140 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1994 No. 150 House of Representatives The House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Wednesday, January 4, 1995, at 12 noon. APPOINTMENTS BY THE SPEAKER AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT Pursuant to the provisions of section 114(b) of Public Law 100-458, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker, on Monday, December 5, 1994, did reappoint to the Board of Trustees for the John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development the following member on the part of the House: Mrs. Boggs, Louisiana, for a term of 6 years. Pursuant to the provisions of section 4 of the Congressional Award Act, section 803 of title 2, United States Code, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to accept resignations and to make appointments authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker, on Monday, December 5, 1994, did reappoint to the Congressional Award Board the following members on the part of the House: Mr. Eugene Moos, Washington, DC. Mr. Thomas Hale Boggs, Jr., Washington, DC. Ms. LaBrenda Garrett-Nelson, Washington, DC. Pursuant to the provisions of section 491 of the Higher Education Act, as amended by section 407 of Public Law 99-498, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Monday, December 5, 1994, did appoint to the Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance the following member on the part of the House: Ms. Lola J. Finch, Pullman, WA. Pursuant to the provisions of section 904(b) of Public Law 103-236 and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to accept resignations and to make appointments authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker, on Monday, December 5, 1994, did appoint to the Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy the following member on the part of the House: Mr. Maurice Sonnenberg, New York, NY. Pursuant to the provisions of section 503(b)(3) of Public Law 103- 227, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to accept resignations and to make appointments authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Monday, December 5, 1994, did appoint to the National Skill Standards Board the following members on the part of the House: For 3-year terms: Mr. James D. Burge, Washington, DC. Mr. Kenneth R. Edwards, Rockville, MD. Mr. William E. Weisgerber, Ionia, MI. For 4-year terms: Mr. Herbert J. Grover, Gresham, WI. Ms. Carolyn Warner, Phoenix, AZ. Mr. George H. Bliss III, Washington, DC. Pursuant to the provisions of section 211(b)(F) of Public Law 101- 515, as amended by section 260001 of Public Law 103-322, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker and the minority leader on Monday, December 5, 1994, did jointly appoint to the National Commission To Support Law Enforcement the following Member of the House: Ms. Slaughter, New York. Pursuant to the provisions of section 211(b)(F) of Public Law 101- 515, as amended by section 260001 of Public Law 103-322, and the order of the House of Friday, October 7, 1994, authorizing the Speaker and the minority leader to appoint Commissions, Boards, and Committees authorized by law or by the House, the Speaker on Friday, December 9, 1994, did appoint to the National Commission To Support Law Enforcement the following member on the part of the House: Mr. Sam Cabral, Burke, VA. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS10,1994-12-20,103,2,,,S E N A T E,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] S E N A T E Vol. 140 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1994 No. 150 Senate The Senate was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Wednesday, January 4, 1995, at 12 noon. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS11,1994-12-20,103,2,,,MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE RECEIVED SUBSEQUENT TO SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,"[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE RECEIVED SUBSEQUENT TO SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT Under the authority of the order of the Senate of January 5, 1993, the Secretary of the Senate on December 2, 1994, subsequent to sine die adjournment, received a message from the House of Representatives announcing that the Speaker has signed the following enrolled bill: H.R. 5110. An act to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations. Under the authority of the order of the Senate of January 5, 1993, the enrolled bill was signed on December 2, 1994, subsequent to sine die adjournment of the Senate by the President pro tempore (Mr. Byrd). ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS12,1994-12-20,103,2,,,EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS The following communication was laid before the Senate, together with accompanying papers, reports, and documents, which were referred as indicated: EC-3584. A communication from the President of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, the second monthly report on the situation in Haiti dated December 6, 1994; to the Committee on Foreign Relations. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS13,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Bob Packwood"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS Mr. PACKWOOD. Mr. President, one of the key achievements of the Uruguay agreement is the obligation it establishes in respect of protection of intellectual property rights. America is the preeminent producer and exporter of creative and inventive products--motion pictures, software, records, books, computers, airplanes, to name but a few--all of which are subject to copyright patent or trademark protection. By implementing the Uruguay round agreements, foreign countries will be obligated to provide American right holders protection under their national laws. These steps will improve our ability to sell our products overseas, and encourage further creative and inventive efforts in our country. It is our intention that this agreement establish a new floor for future initiatives to improve intellectual property protection, and not a ceiling on standards or an obstacle to further efforts to upgrade protection. In this implementing legislation, the U.S. Congress directs the administration to continue its trade policy initiatives aimed at improving export opportunities through bilateral negotiations and consultations. In 1984, and again in 1988, we amended our trade laws to require the U.S. Trade Representative [USTR] to undertake deliberate and forceful bilateral trade initiatives to promote protection of American intellectual property rights. Over the past decade, progress on intellectual property issues has been achieved through complementary bilateral and multilateral initiatives. The World Trade Organization [WTO] agreements represent a major step forward on the multilateral prong of this approach. While the WTO result is a necessary element for attaining our goal of increased export opportunities, bilateral initiatives remain an indispensable element. Implementation of the Uruguay agreements leaves unchanged the intent of the Congress mandating continued effective bilateral negotiations. Thus, this implementing legislation states specifically that, notwithstanding that a foreign country may have implemented the specifically enumerated obligations contained in the TRIP's chapter of the WTO, or the obligations of any other bilateral or multilateral agreement, those acts by themselves do not mean that the country's laws meet the ``adequate and effective protection'' standard of the U.S. trade law. Bilateral initiatives are especially important for at least two reasons. First, they are to be used to ensure that countries that have been the subject of past bilateral negotiations move promptly to implement adequate and effective protection, and not take advantage of the overly long transition periods that are in almost all cases unnecessary. Bilateral efforts are necessary to ensure that the United States has the ability to address all impediments to trade such as measures which deny Americans the right to use, exploit, and derive full commercial benefits from their intellectual property. Experience demonstrates that bilateral negotiations can produce immediate results. Moreover, bilateral initiatives are well suited for resolving trade irritants unique to certain markets. Finally, bilateral negotiations have consistently resulted in high levels of protection and effective enforcement measures. For all these reasons, the intent of the Congress with respect to bilateral initiatives remains clear and unchanged: The USTR shall not diminish in any way bilateral efforts under Special 301, GSP, CBI, and ATPA programs to improve protection for U.S. holders of intellectual property. Implementation of the Uruguay round agreements shall not be construed or interpreted as a change in this mandate. Such bilateral efforts shall aim to supplement and strengthen the standards and obligations contained in the WTO's TRIP's agreement, secure their early implementation and to eliminate discrimination, unreasonable exceptions or preconditions to the protection, enforcement or commercial enjoyment of the full economic benefits arising from any use or exploitation of intellectual property rights. In particular, the United States, through bilateral negotiations, shall seek to secure fair, equitable and nondiscriminatory market access opportunities for U.S. persons holding intellectual property rights. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS14,1994-12-20,103,2,,,ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Ted Stevens"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS ______ TRIBUTES TO DEPARTING SENATORS Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, I want to take this opportunity to say farewell to the colleagues on both sides of the aisle who will not be with us when the 104th Congress convenes. I was absent from the Senate when others made their comments. Because of the time involved, I shall speak to all of our retiring friends in these remarks. Each, in his own way, in serving as Senator from his State, has made his mark on the history of our Nation. We may not always have agreed on issues, but we've shared a great bond as Members of this distinguished body. To John Danforth--with whom I have had a long relationship, beginning with his campaign and continuing through the years we served together on the Senate Commerce Committee--I will always appreciate how he helped to expand my horizons, particularly when we dealt with legislation on the oceans and the atmosphere. Our shared interest in amateur sports and the Olympics has been another special link. I remember well when Malcolm Wallop first ran for the Senate. He conducted himself than as the complete western gentleman. He has fulfilled the promise of that first impression in his years as a Member of the Senate. His understanding of issues affecting our western States, and his expert knowledge of defense will be missed. I will always appreciate Dennis DeConcini's involvement in assisting in the survival of the Postal Service during the years we served together on the Appropriations Committee. As another Senator from the West, he understood our unique issues. My association with David Boren has been rewarding, particularly when we worked together on congressional and campaign finance reform issues. He will be a great asset to the University of Oklahoma, and offer much in understanding our great democracy to the young men and women who will study there. David Durenberger's interest in developing medical technology, particularly in the field of telemedicine, has ensured his status as a leader in health issues. For my State, with its vast distances between small villages and major medical centers, telemedicine is vital. I thank him for his work in this area. As Democratic leader, George Mitchell has always been considerate of my position as a former member of the leadership on the other side of the aisle. I have enjoyed our relationship, and look forward to knowing what the next phase of his career will be. Like Harlan Mathews, I first served as an appointed Senator 26 years ago. It takes a good deal of hard work to learn the vagaries of the Senate. He has learned well and done a fine job for the people of Tennessee. On a personal level, I enjoyed our travel together to the United States-British Parliamentary Conference. Tennis with Howard Metzenbaum has been a pleasure through the years. And his kindness to our daughter Lily, as she grew up in these Halls, has always meant much to me and to Catherine. Howard has been a model grandparent for her as well as to his own grandchildren. I've enjoyed many hours in the gym with Don Riegle. His deep devotion to family and his concerns about family matters are an inspiration to us all. I wish him well. Serving on the Appropriations Committee with Jim Sasser has been a good experience. And, as Budget Committee chairman, he has been most fair in his work on matters pertaining to small States. I thank him for being a friend. Mr. President, much more could be said about these Senators, as they enter new stages of their careers. I know that each one of us who served with them has special reasons to pay them tribute, as they leave Washington, DC, for their homes. I am sure my colleagues join me in wishing them all the brightest of futures. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS15,1994-12-20,103,2,,,BLACKSTONE HERITAGE AREA'S NEW PRESERVATION APPROACH,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Claiborne Pell"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] BLACKSTONE HERITAGE AREA'S NEW PRESERVATION APPROACH Mr. PELL. Mr. President, I would like to share with my colleagues an excellent cover story from the Christian Science Monitor of December 5, 1994, that examines the vision of the Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor. This story is particularly timely because we will be seeking to reauthorize this corridor during the 104th Congress. As the Senate author of the current authorization, I am proud of the work that already has been done and the community pride that has grown with the corridor. I anticipate the reauthorization proposal will encompass the entire watershed of the Blackstone River Valley, which runs from Woonsocket, MA to Providence, RI. We want to highlight the role of the valley as the cradle of the American Industrial Revolution. This story also highlights the role of Jim Pepper, the executive director of the corridor commission. Jim has proven to be an able diplomat and an indefatigable advocate of both the corridor and the community involvement that has become its signature. As we start to reconsider the corridor authorization and the goals that it has developed, this story presents an excellent portrait of the corridor's accomplishments and potential. I hope my colleagues will join in supporting its plans for the future. I ask that the story, ``New Preservation Approach Aims To Save Cultural Landscape,'' from the December 5, 1994, Christian Science Monitor, be printed in the Record. The material follows: New Preservation Approach Aims To Save Cultural Landscape (By James Andrews) Jim Pepper pushes aside brambles, strides across spongy bottom land, and scrambles up a rocky embankment. About 50 yards from the road, he stops and looks around at what appears to be nothing but a patch of Rhode Island woods. ``We're standing in the mill,'' he says. ``The water ran down this trough,'' he explains, gesturing to stone walls and arches under the overgrowth. Mr. Pepper is a visionary with a twist. Not only can he peer into the future to see what might be, he also can gaze into the past to see what has been. Now he is seeing Mammoth Mill, once a bustling woolen factory on the Blackstone River in Northern Smithfield, R.I. These neglected ruins are all that remain of the 1836 mill, which was torn down in 1930-- but to Pepper, they are the substance of things hoped for. Pepper is the executive director of the Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor Commission. He has guided a pair of journalists to this obscure spot to make a point about his job and the work of the commission. ``Mammoth Mill is symbolic of so many places in this valley that are unknown and unseen. Our job is to make them known,'' he says. Although Pepper has no plans for the site yet, his imagination already is leaping ahead to a day when the plot, tidied up and properly ``interpreted'' through signs and diagrams, may inform tourists about America's early industrialization. The Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor is one of five regions that have been designated ``American Heritage Areas'' by Congress. Besides the Blackstone River Valley in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, there are the Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor in Illinois, the Delaware and Lehigh Canal National Heritage Corridor in eastern Pennsylvania, the America's Industrial Heritage Project in southwestern Pennsylvania, and the Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor in Connecticut, which Congress approved just this fall. If a bill in Congress that passed the House of Representatives is reintroduced and enacted by the 104th Congress, 10 more zones from Georgia to Washington State will be designated national-heritage areas and become eligible for federal matching funds. The legislation would establish a mechanism whereby additional regions could obtain heritage recognition by Congress in the future. As important as they are, however, federally sanctioned heritage areas are just the crown jewels of a burgeoning movement to revitalize distinctive but underrecognized parts of the American landscape. Scores of places in nearly every state have acquired or are seeking a degree of official or unofficial classification as heritage sites. It is primarily a grass-roots movement, explains Shelley Mastran, a program director at the National Trust for Historic Preservation in Washington and the executive director of the recently formed National Coalition for Heritage Areas (NCHA). Referring to a long list of putative heritage areas compiled by the National Trust, Ms. Mastran says, ``These are initiatives that are or have the potential to become heritage areas. Some of them are just self- anointed.'' But many other heritage areas have progressed beyond the gleam-in-the-eye stage, Mastran says. Their proponents are working with state governments and the National Park Service to create programs through which a heightened ``sense of place'' can help achieve environmental, economic-development, and historic-preservation goals. Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania have their own programs for recognizing heritage areas, though sometimes by other names. New York, for instance, has established the Hudson River Valley Greenway Council, a regional-planning compact among 240 cities and towns in 10 counties from Albany to New York City. Despite its name, the members of the compact are cooperating on a much broader array of initiatives than are implied by the term green way, says David Sampson, director of the Hudson River Valley Greenway Council. Asked if he thinks that interest in heritage areas and other forms of regional planning is growing, Mr. Sampson says he responds to speaking invitations all around the country, and he has traveled to the Czech Republic twice to consult on green ways. What, exactly, is a heritage area? ``This question has as many definitions as there are heritage areas,'' the NCHA observed last January in the first edition of its quarterly newsletter, Heritage Links, because ``no two heritage areas are exactly the same. * * *'' But the organization says the ``basic components'' of heritage areas include: A sense of place and identity. Regional scope and management. Large-scale natural or manmade resources that unify the region. A variety of land uses. Predominantly private ownership of land and resources. Local, regional, state, or national significance. A common goal or ``big idea.'' One could almost say (although it would make many proponents of the concept wince) that heritage areas are theme parks--except that the theme in each area is not imposed by a Disneyesque developer, but rather grows out of the unique geography, history, and living culture of the region. In contrast to national or state parks, heritage areas-- where most property remains in private hands--are an approach to resource conservation and management that emphasizes partnerships among all levels of government, environmentalists, business people, and citizen groups. Pepper says that, in the Blackstone River Valley, he has seen the regional cooperation that is fostered by the national-heritage concept start to bridge divides between environmentalists, historic preservationists, and community planners on one side and business people and property owners on the other side. ``If you push the time horizon out a distance, most people all want basically the same things--livable communities, good places for their kids to grow up, places with a mixture of jobs and green spaces and recreation facilities,'' Pepper says. ``Once you have identified common goals, then it becomes a question of, `How do we achieve it?' That's when meaningful planning really begins.'' According to Pepper, planning for community development and resource management is often misunderstood. ``Too many towns just have a permitting process, not a true planning process,'' he says. ``When communities and regions develop real, long-term plans, there are fewer fights over specific permitting issues. And people feel empowered when they have effective planning tools in their hands.'' Pepper was hired by the Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor Commission in 1989. A career employee of the National Park Service who previously worked in Alaska, he cheerfully calls himself a ``pro-government liberal'' and says he came to the job with a wilderness lover's distrust of business people. But Pepper says he has learned a lot about planning from corporate executives. ``Business types often are more skilled than bureaucrats and yuppie environmentalists at establishing long-range goals and setting up implementation schedules,'' he admits. As Pepper wheels a van along the highways and byways of the Blackstone River Valley, the words rush out as quickly as parts of the waterway that once was called the ``hardest working river in America.'' In nearly every town and village he passes through, indeed, around almost every bend of the road, Pepper points to a historic site, a distinctive piece of architecture or Americana, a scenic vista or significant landmark, a restoration project, new heritage-area signage, or--and there are still many of these--evidences of neglect, disrepair, and pollution. ``The Blackstone River Valley, like many regions that are candidates for recognition as heritage areas, had been largely forgotten, Pepper says. ``There are many places in America that have become anonymous, that we don't see, and that have lost a lot of their own self-consciousness as an identifiable place with a history and heritage that are worth preserving.'' The Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor extends 46 miles from the outskirts of Worcester, Mass., south to Providence, R.I., where the Blackstone River empties into Narragansett Bay. The 250,000-acre zone encompasses some 40 cities, towns, and villages, together with forest and farmland. While the corridor includes wilderness areas like the rugged Purgatory Chasm State Park, its distinctiveness as a heritage area stems from what Pepper calls the ``cultural landscape'' more than from its natural features. A National Park Service publication calls the Blackstone River Valley the ``birthplace of the American Industrial Revolution.'' In 1790 Samuel Slater, an English mill boss, engineered America's first successful watered-powered cotton- spinning mill on the river at Pawtucket, R.I. Over the following decades, manufacturing spread along the swift stream and its tributaries, dotting their banks with textile mills and other factories, each surrounded by clusters of worker housing. These company-owned mill towns are the valley's most distinguishing feature. Based on a National Park Service inventory of the region's natural and historical assets, Congress voted to help preserve the Blackstone River Valley's cultural landscape in 1986. It established the boundaries of the national-heritage corridor, created the commission to be a funding and planning catalyst (but without zoning, eminent domain, or other powers to regulate land use), and provided $250,000 a year--raised to $350,000 in 1991--for the commission's operations and as matching funds for a variety of conservation, historic- preservation, and economic-development uses. Congress also has given the commission about $4.2 million over the years for bricks-and-mortar projects. The annual authorization pays for, among other things, Pepper's five-person staff, which includes a National Park Service ranger and community planner. The staff works out of a refurbished former depot of the Providence & Worcester Railroad in Woonsocket that was donated by the state of Rhode Island. But the real development money for heritage-area projects comes from state, local, and private sources. Pepper estimates that he has leveraged federal dollars with other funds on a scale of 15 to 1. While the commission provides funds for historic preservation, Pepper emphasizes that is not interested simply in saving isolated structures or ``little vest-pocket displays of historic sites.'' For instance, he says, when the town of Blackstone asked the commission for funds to restore an old church that had been condemned, the commission refused to help unless the town developed a more comprehensive heritage-protection plan, as it subsequently did. As another example of how the commission tries to spread ripples, Pepper takes his visitors to small, attractive riverside park where a mill once stood in Valley Falls, R.I. Pointing to signs of refurbishment around the park, Pepper says residents in the run-down neighborhood have become convinced that their community has value. ``We're constantly on the lookout for these little `gene pools' of potential revitalization, where we can make a difference,'' he says. Pepper says he is heartened by the extent to which many local companies have caught the spirit of the corridor's purpose. For instance, he says, in Slatersville, R.I. (founded by Samuel Slate's brother, John), Polytop Corporation, a maker of container lids and other plastic products, has spent more than $1 million to purchase and rehabilitate a vacated mill and surrounding worker housing. The company is collecting the stories of former factory workers in an oral-history project. Despite such evidence of success, national-heritage areas have encountered opposition from two directions: some factions within the National Park Service, and the property- rights or so-called ``wise use'' movement. Skeptics in the park service voice doubts about heritage areas primarily because they fear that money for such areas will detract from funding for national parks. Moreover, Pepper says, many of his colleagues in the park service have what he suggests is a hidebound approach to safeguarding precious national assets. ``They believe that to protect a resource, the government has to own it,'' Pepper says. ``For them, Yellowstone is the model: You put land behind red-velvet ropes and keep people away except under tightly controlled conditions.'' Pepper and other heritage-area supporters like A. Elizabeth Watson, a conservationist and the chair of the NCHA, believe that critics within the National Park Service are shortsighted and are missing an important wave in the future of conservation and environmentalism. ``Americans need more places to go to experience their heritage,'' Ms. Watson says. ``We need to build partnerships to preserve the American landscape, not just lock up land in national parks.'' Both Pepper and Watson see signs that some critics in the park service are softening their attitudes toward heritage areas. Resistance to heritage areas from the property-rights movement is predictable, since some ``wise use'' activists oppose government involvement in decisions affecting private property. Heritage-area advocates like Mastran and Watson of the National Coalition for Heritage Areas wonder if property- rights groups understand heritage areas and know that management authorities in the areas lack coercive powers over land use. ``I don't think they have a clue,'' Mastran says. ``They just used the bill as another vehicle for raising their favorite issues.'' Sampson of the Hudson river Valley Greenway Council also is puzzled by right-wing opposition to heritage areas. ``They seem like a very Republican idea: Using private planning and investment to improve the quality of life and to revitalize communitys,'' Sampson says. ``It's a market economy that makes heritage areas and green ways work.'' ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS16,1994-12-20,103,2,,,RETIREMENT OF SENATOR RIEGLE,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Patrick J. Leahy"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] RETIREMENT OF SENATOR RIEGLE Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, one of those retiring this year is Don Riegle of Michigan, the chairman of the Senate Banking Committee. Don Riegle is far more than a trusted and valued colleague. He is a special friend. Don and I first met when I was State's attorney for Chittenden County in Vermont and he was a member of the House of Representatives. I was sitting on the front lawn of my farm house on a summer day during the Congress' August recess over 20 years ago when Don drove up looking for directions. I recognized him as the author of the book, ``Oh Congress,'' and we sat on the lawn having a nice chat. This began a generation-long friendship, and I later told him that I was thinking of running for the U.S. Senate. Don helped me a great deal on the race and I was very glad to support him when he then ran for the Senate from Michigan. Don Riegle has brought a passion to the Senate that has expressed itself in the truest principles of the Democratic Party. He has sought a Government that works better and is more responsive to people, while reminding all of us that Government is there for every American. I will miss Don, Laurie, Ashley, and their newest daughter, Allison. Marcelle and I are so glad to be godparents of Ashley, but we are especially proud to be friends of Don, Laurie, and of the whole family. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS17,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO 2D LT. WAYLAND E. BENNETT,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Dale Bumpers"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO 2D LT. WAYLAND E. BENNETT Mr. BUMPERS. Mr. President, on September 16, 1994, the citizens of Texarkana, AR, and Texarkana, TX, honored the memory of 2d Lt. Wayland E. Bennett. Lieutenant Bennett served in the Armed Forces in the South Pacific during World War II as part of the Black Sheep Squadron. This loyal marine's remains had been declared unrecoverable in 1948, but were recovered earlier this year. Lieutenant Bennett was buried with full military honors, among the oldest MIA's to be returned. Lieutenant Bennett's family has been designated as a ``Gold Star Family'' in the tradition and honor of the World War II conflict. I think Lieutenant Bennett's namesake, John Wayland Knox of Austin, TX, said it best: Lieutenant Bennett was not a great man, he was not a war hero, his life was cut short. He was killed in the service of his country, as so many men have been. As a marine, I take particular pride in joining in paying tribute to this soldier's memory. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS18,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO DONALD J. ``COOTIE'' MASTERS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Larry Pressler"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO DONALD J. ``COOTIE'' MASTERS Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. President, there are thousands of weekly newspaper editors in the United States. I have met many of them in my home State of South Dakota. These editors contribute more than publishing the community paper. Few of the ones whom I have had the privilege of knowing have contributed more or had a greater impact on me than my hometown paper's editor and publisher, Donald J. ``Cootie'' Masters. More than the publisher of the Humboldt Journal and a leader in our community, Cootie Masters was a true South Dakotan. He took great pride in his work, his family, his community, and his faith. As the editor of our local newspaper, Cootie was part of the lives of thousands of South Dakotans. I don't know whether Cootie ever really understood his positive impact on us. He was an example and inspiration to many South Dakotans. Cootie had a great impact on my life. He had been a member of the State legislature. He was a man of letters. He was a mentor of mine in many ways. I always kept in touch with him, even when I was serving in Vietnam, studying at Harvard Law School, and later at Oxford University as a Rhodes scholar. At my swearing-in ceremony to the U.S. Senate, held at the Humboldt High School gym, Cootie was the master of ceremonies. Cootie passed away in October. I want to take this opportunity to pay tribute to him. Cootie was born on July 7, 1906. He spent his life in Humboldt near the farm where I grew up. His Humboldt upbringing and strong family ties instilled in him a deep respect for traditional values. He graduated from Humboldt High School in 1924 and went on to attend the University of South Dakota. In 1924, it was quite an accomplishment for a young student from a small town to attend college. This was to be only the beginning of Cootie's many accomplishments. In addition to his studies at the University of South Dakota, Cootie participated in basketball and became a fraternity brother in Delta Tau Delta. He demonstrated at a young age the importance of life of social involvement and a balance between intellectual and physical pursuits. After Cootie graduated from college, he became involved in the family business. His father owned and operated the Humboldt Journal and began passing on his business knowledge to Cootie. Cootie's father died suddenly in 1936, leaving Cootie as the sole owner and editor of the Journal. Anyone in family business will tell you that the successful passing on of a family business to the next generation is much more difficult than most people think. Cootie was not only successful at taking over the Journal in 1936, he was successful in operating it until well after his retirement. Cootie's life involved much more than his newspaper work. He contributed to the whole State of South Dakota by serving in the legislature as a representative from Minnehaha County from 1936 to 1941. Cootie balanced his successful business and political career with devotion to his family and friends. On June 12, 1933, Cootie married Mildred Newton. Cootie and Mildred had three sons: Neal, Tom, and Bob. Today, the Masters family includes 7 grandchildren and 11 great grandchildren. I know Cootie considered his family to be the most precious blessing in his life. Aside from his children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren, what may have kept Cootie young for so long was his robust enjoyment of life. After college, he continued to participate in baseball and basketball. An avid sportsman, Cootie enjoyed fishing and hunting. He certainly picked the right State to enjoy the great outdoors. What is most impressive about Cootie is that with all of his public activities, he was always described as a man without an enemy. Cootie was a true friend to me, to our community, and to our State. I always will remember him fondly. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS19,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO SENATOR MITCHELL,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Patrick J. Leahy"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO SENATOR MITCHELL Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, in my 20 years in the Senate, I have had the honor to serve with a number of exceptional majority leaders. They have included Senators Mike Mansfield of Montana; Robert Byrd, of West Virginia; Howard Baker, of Tennessee; Bob Dole, of Kansas; and in the past several Congresses, with my good friend, George Mitchell, of Maine. Each of the majority leaders has brought their individual strengths to the Senate and each have contributed to the good of our great country. I must note though my special appreciation and friendship for my New England neighbor, George Mitchell. I worked as closely with him as anybody in the Senate and I have seen him in the most difficult of times, always maintaining his judicial composure as he has brought parties together for the good of the country, and to uphold the promise of the U.S. Senate. I have often said that the U.S. Senate should be the conscience of the Nation, and on those occasions when it has achieved that it has been because of George Mitchell, and people of his nature. I have never heard Senator Mitchell advance a cause for his own personal benefit or glory, but always for what is best in this country. Many have spoken of his humble background in Maine, but I think more of all that he has done to make it possible for someone of that background to achieve whatever they are willing to work for in our country. It will not be the same Senate without him, and I know my own views toward the Senate will be different absent his leadership. I do cherish the fact that I had this chance to serve with him. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS2,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER",SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER Office of the Republican Leader, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC, November 30, 1994. Hon. Thomas S. Foley, Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to section 604 of Public Law 103-394, I hereby appoint the following individual to serve as a member on the National Bankruptcy Review Commission: M. Caldwell Butler of Roanoke, VA. Sincerely, Bob Michel, Republican Leader. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS20,1994-12-20,103,2,,,URUGUAY ROUND ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING PROVISIONS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Bob Packwood"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] URUGUAY ROUND ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING PROVISIONS Mr. PACKWOOD. Mr. President, I would like to provide further clarification of the antidumping and countervailing duty provisions contained in title II of H.R. 5110, the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. Evaluation of industry support: Section 212 establishes procedures for determining industry support and provides conditions under which the petition may establish adequate support. Section 212 provides that the International Trade Commission may, in appropriate circumstances, exclude a domestic producer of a like product from the industry where the producer is itself related to exporters or importers. As a general rule, Commerce should not include as members of the domestic industry those domestic producers who oppose the petition, but are related to exporters, unless such producers demonstrate that their interests as domestic producers would be adversely affected by the imposition of an order. It is expected that related domestic producers must demonstrate to the Commerce Department how an order resulting from an investigation would adversely affect their interests, for example, by showing that their domestic production operations would be damaged. Captive production: Section 222 of H.R. 5110 provides for the treatment of captive production in an injury inquiry. It is expected that the Commission, in implementing the captive production provision, will fully comply with articles 3.5 and 4.1 of the antidumping agreement and articles 15.5 and 16.1 of the subsidies agreement, which require a finding that the dumped or subsidized imports are causing material injury to the domestic industry as a whole. It is my understanding that, when examining a captive production situation, the Commission will focus primarily, but not exclusively, on the factors provided in the legislation. However, the captive production provision does not limit the Commission to analyzing the merchant market, and an affirmative injury finding not based on an analysis of the industry as a whole, including captive production, would be inconsistent with the agreement. In addition, to the extent the Commission focuses its inquiry on noncaptive production in the domestic industry, it must also focus on noncaptive imports. It is expected that the Commission will apply the same criteria in its determination of whether to focus primarily on noncaptive imports as it applies in its determination of whether to focus primarily on noncaptive domestic production. Negligible imports: In preliminary determinations, section 212 of the new legislation requires the Commission to base its finding on a determination whether there is a reasonable indication that imports are not negligible. It is expected that the Commission will, when necessary, use reasonable estimates when calculating import volumes. It is further expected that the Commission will normally terminate an investigation when import levels are below the statutory threshold, except when import volumes are extremely close to the statutory threshold and reliable data obtained in a final investigation establishes that imports exceed the statutory threshold. Sunset reviews: Section 220 of the legislation establishes that Commerce and the Commission will make their determinations concerning termination of an order based on the facts available if responses by the parties are inadequate. In judging the adequacy of responses, it is expected that Commerce and the Commission shall apply the same standard as that applied in other contexts of the antidumping and countervailing duty laws, such as Commerce's use of best information available. Article 11.3 of the Antidumping Agreement permits antidumping duties to remain in force pending the outcome of a sunset review, even if the review is not completed until after the 5-year deadline. The agreement thus authorizes the continued collection of duty deposits, but only up to the point that a sunset determination is made to revoke the order. In order to comply with our agreement obligations in cases where the determination is made to revoke the order, it is expected that, pursuant to section 751(d)(3), Commerce will determine that the revocation will apply to entries on or after the date of the 5-year anniversary, and that Commerce will direct Customs to refund antidumping duty deposits on merchandise entered after the 5-year anniversary of the order. Section 221 of H.R. 5110 states that the Commission, in making its sunset determination, ``shall consider that the effects of revocation may not be imminent, but may manifest themselves only over a longer period of time.'' Although a sunset review is necessarily prospective in nature, it is not intended that Commerce or the Commission use this fact to extend orders indefinitely. It is not expected that the Commission will find that injury is likely to continue or recur based on uncertainty over the possible conditions at a point in time well beyond the time of the determination. It is expected that the order will be extended only in those cases where there is substantial evidence on the record that material injury is likely to continue or recur within a reasonable period of time. Consideration of duty absorption in sunset reviews: Section 221 and 222 of H.R. 5110 provide for Commerce and the Commission to consider the issue of duty absorption. It is expected that before initiating a duty absorption inquiry, Commerce shall ensure that there is a reasonable basis to believe that duty absorption has occurred. The Statement of Administrative Action makes clear that ``during the administrative review initiated 2 or 4 years after the issuance of an order, Commerce will examine, if requested, whether absorption has taken place by reviewing the data on the volume of dumped imports and dumping margins.'' Therefore, Commerce's inquiry will result in either an affirmative or negative finding of duty absorption. Nothing in the Statement of Administrative Action or legislative language provides that Commerce would determine or compute the extent of duty absorption, or the magnitude of duty absorption. Therefore, it is expected that Commerce will not quantify the level of duty absorption, and that an affirmative finding will have no effect on the dumping margins calculated. In making its determination, Commerce should give less probative weight to dumping margins and data based on best information available, as these may be a poor indicator of whether a company is actually absorbing duties. Commerce will notify the International Trade Commission of its findings made during the 4-year review. An examination of duty absorption in the second-year review is intended only to have a deterrent effect on continued duty absorption by affiliated importers. The Commission should take these findings into account in determining the likelihood of continuation or recurrence of material injury in the sunset review. It is expected that the Commission will not consider duty absorption to the exclusion of other statutory factors. Further, it is expected that the weight accorded by the Commission to Commerce's duty absorption finding will depend on the extent to which it bears on the issue of the likelihood of continuation or recurrence of material injury in light of the facts of each case. Finally, the duty absorption provision does not permit the treatment of antidumping duties as a cost to be deducted from the U.S. price. The treatment of antidumping duties as a cost has been repeatedly rejected by Commerce and U.S. reviewing courts. Moreover, in the U.S. retrospective duty assessment system, treatment of duties as a cost would violate the Uruguay Round Antidumping Agreement, result in the over-assessment of antidumping duties, and serve as a disincentive to investment in the United States. Basis for determination of threat of injury: Article 3.7 of the Antidumping Agreement, regarding the determination of threat of material injury, is unchanged from the 1979 Antidumping Code. It is expected that, as provided in the Statement of Administrative Action at page 184, the Commission's practice in threat determinations will remain unchanged from current practice. As noted in the Statement of Administrative Action, revision of the threat language of the statute in section 771(7)(F)(ii) in no way changes Commission practice or judicial interpretations of the statute. Export price and constructed export price definitions: The Statement of Administrative Action at page 152 states that the change in terminology from ``purchase price'' and ``exporter's sales price'' to ``export price'' and ``constructed export price'' will in no way change the criteria now used to categorize U.S. sales as one or the other. Commerce's decisions will be monitored closely to ensure that no change is, in fact, made in the Department's methodology for categorizing U.S. sales. Reimbursement of antidumping duties: The Statement of Administrative Action expresses the administration's intent to continue to apply, when appropriate, the current regulation (19 CFR 353.26) providing for antidumping duties to be increased when Commerce finds that an exporter has directly paid the antidumping duties due, or has reimbursed the importer for the importer's payment of the antidumping duties. The legislation makes no change in this regulation. It is not intended that this provision be extended to apply to countervailing duties. Countervailing duties differ from antidumping duties, and it is not intended that Commerce will deduct countervailing duties from export price or constructed export price when calculating the margin of dumping. Constructed export price profit deduction: Section 223 of H.R. 5110 provides for a deduction of profit from constructed export price. The deduction is to be calculated based on the total profit realized on all sales of the subject merchandise in the U.S. market and the foreign like product in the foreign market. It is expected that the total profit will be equal to the sum of the profit realized in the home market--or the third country market--and the profit realized in the United States. If the sum is equal to zero or less, no profit will be deducted from constructed export price. Fair comparison/normal value adjustments: Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the requirement in antidumping agreement article 2.4 that ``a fair comparison shall be made between export price and normal value.'' It is expected that Commerce will ensure a fair, apples-to- apples comparison is made in all cases. In particular, a fair comparison requires that, as a general rule, normal value shall be adjusted for the same costs and expenses for which adjustments are made to the export price or constructed export price. For example, when U.S. price is based on constructed export price, it is expected that Commerce will make either a level of trade adjustment or a constructed export price offset adjustment to normal value. In measuring the effect on price comparability and interpreting the statutory requirement that a pattern of consistent price differences be shown, it is expected that Commerce will follow the Statement of Administrative Action, which states that ``while the pattern of pricing at the two levels of trade under section 773(a)(7)(A) must be different, the prices at the levels need not be mutually exclusive; there may be some overlap between prices at the different levels of trade.'' Initiation of cost investigations in reviews: As noted in the Statement of Administrative Action, page 163, section 224 amends section 773(b) to provide that Commerce must have reasonable grounds to initiate a cost of production investigation in an administrative review, if Commerce excluded below-cost sales of a particular exporter or producer from the determination of normal value ``in the most recently completed segment of the antidumping proceeding.'' Thus, in an administrative review, Commerce may initiate a cost investigation if it has excluded below cost sales in the most recently completed administrative review, or, if no review has been completed, in the original investigation. Anticircumvention: Section 230 of H.R. 5110 amends the anticircumvention provision of the law, which currently provides for a test of whether the difference between the value of parts imported from the subject country and the value of the finished product is small. The legislation replaces this test with two inquiries: Whether minor or insignificant assembly or completion is occurring in the United States or the third country, and whether the value of parts imported to the United States or third country from the country subject to the order is a significant proportion of the total value of the finished product. The structure of the statute is based on the anticircumvention provisions of the Dunkel Text. It is expected that Commerce will adhere to the statutory requirement that the value of the parts is a significant proportion of the value of the finished product. It is expected that Commerce will not interpret these criteria such that the value added in the United States becomes the essential determinant of whether circumvention is occurring. The anticircumvention rules must not operate as a domestic content rule, or as a critical component rule. Moreover, in order to comply with the antidumping agreement and article VI of the GATT 1994, Commerce must only apply antidumping duties to merchandise for which a final determination of dumping and injury has been made. Startup costs: Section 224 of H.R. 5110 implements the adjustment for startup operations provided for in article 2.2.1.1 of the antidumping agreement. This provision was one of the agreement's most important accomplishments on behalf of U.S. exports, in particular, high- technology exports. Commerce must not undercut this accomplishment by prematurely ending the startup period or by limiting the startup adjustment. It is expected that Commerce will determine the startup period to end at the point at which commercial production levels characteristic of the product, producer or industry under investigation are achieved, based on production of merchandise of quality levels sufficient for sale. Short supply: Imports of merchandise not produced in the United States cannot injure a U.S. petitioning industry. On the other hand, antidumping duties on such imports may in some circumstances injure domestic users of those products. The administration has stated that there are mechanisms under current law to address short supply situations. Specifically, the fact that a product is not being produced in the United States should be reflected in the Commission's determination of whether the imports are a cause of injury to the domestic industry. That is, if petitioning companies are not producing a competing product, there will be no adverse effect with respect to the imported merchandise, and the Commission must take this into account in its injury determination. After an order is in effect, Commerce has the authority to declare a product outside the scope of an order if it has substantially different characteristics or uses than the subject merchandise, or if it is unclear whether the order included the specific product. It is expected that Commerce and the Commission will actively use their existing authority to address short supply situations. It is expected that Commerce and the Commission will also use this authority at the time of the sunset review, and will revoke the order with respect to merchandise not available from domestic sources. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS21,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO SENATOR SASSER,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Patrick J. Leahy"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO SENATOR SASSER Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, my good friend, Jim Sasser, with whom I have served for 18 years will not be with us in the new Congress. I regret this not only for the good of the Senate, but for the country itself. In 20 years in the Senate I rarely have seen anybody who can match his abilities as a legislator, nor his conscientious service as chairman of the Senate Budget Committee. I recall during the early 1980's when the Budget Committee was willing to close a blind eye to the danger of Reaganomics and instead answered the popular Siren call of huge tax cuts, huge defense buildups, with a promise of a balanced budget. Instead because the Budget Committee did not stand up and do its part, our country saw our national debt nearly quadruple in one decade. Our children, and our children's children, will pay for this folly. By contract, Senator Sasser showed great strength and courage as Budget chairman, refusing to accept half-baked measures to bring down the budget deficit, and instead made us all stand up and face the tough votes. As a result, we have seen the deficit come down now 2 years in a row, with a third on track. Much of the ability in the past couple of years to actually see a lowering of the deficit is due to the courage and leadership of Jim Sasser. I applaud him and I will miss him. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS22,1994-12-20,103,2,,,IT'S OK TO BE DIFFERENT,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Paul Simon"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IT'S OK TO BE DIFFERENT Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, during the recess I read the column in Newsweek magazine under the title, ``It's OK To Be Different,'' written by a high school sophomore from Wayzata High School in Plymouth, MN. She is Angie Erickson, and the people of Plymouth, MN, ought to be very proud to have someone like Angie Erickson in their community. She writes about living with a disability. I read a booklet written for children about ``being different.'' As fine as that booklet is, Angie Erickson's simply relating of what life has been like for her is powerful. I ask that the article be printed in the Record. The article follows: [From Newsweek, Oct. 24, 1994] It's OK To Be Different stop making fun of my disability (By Angie Erickson) Why me? I often ask myself, why did I have to be the one? Why did I get picked to be different? Why are people mean to me and always treating me differently? These are the kinds of questions that I used to ask myself. It took more than 10 years for me to find answers and realize taht I'm not more different than anyone else. I was born on June 29, 1978. Along with me came my twin sister. Stephanie. She was born with no birth defects, but I was born with cerebral palsy. For me, CP made it so I shake a little; when my sister began to walk, I couldn't. The doctors knew it was a minor case of cerebral palsy. But they didn't know if I'd ever walk straight or do things that other kids my age could do. At first my disability did not bother me, because when you're a toddler, you do things that are really easy. When it took me a little longer to play yard games, because I couldn't run that well, my friends just thought I was slow. My disability was noticed when other children were learning how to write and I couldn't. Kids I thought were my friends started to stay away from me because they said I was different. Classmates began commenting on my speech. They said I talked really weird. Every time someone was mean to me, I would start to cry and I would always blame myself for being different. People thought I was stupid because it was hard for me to write my own name. So when I was the only one in the class to use a typewriter, I began to feel I was different. It got worse when the third graders moved on to fourth grade and I had to stay behind. I got held back because the teachers thought I'd be unable to type fast enough to keep up. Kids told me that was a lie and the reason I got held back was because I was a retard. It really hurt to be teased by those I thought were my friends. After putting up with everyone making fun of me and me crying about it, I started sticking up for myself when I was 10, in fourth grade. I realized if I wanted them to stop, I would have to be the person who made them stop. I finally found out who my real friends were, and I tried to ignore the ones who were mean. Instead of constantly thinking about the things I couldn't do, I tried to think about the things I could do, and it helped others, and myself, understand who I really was. When there was something I couldn't do, such as play Pictionary, I sat and I watched or I would go find something else to do. A few people still called me names and made fun of me, but after a while, when they saw they didn't get a reaction, they quit, because it wasn't fun anymore. What they didn't know was that it did still hurt me. It hurt me. It hurt me a lot more than they could ever imagine. When I was 12, my family moved. I kept this fairy tale in my head that, at my next school, no one would be mean to me or would see that I had a disability. I'd always wished I could be someone other than myself. I found out the hard way that I wasn't going to change, that I'd never be able to write and run with no problems. When kids in my new school found out that I couldn't write and my talking and walking were out of the ordinary, they started making fun of me. They never took time to know me. Everything went back to the way it was before. I went back to blaming myself and thinking that, since I was different, I'd never fit in. I would cry all the time, because it was so hard for me to make friends again. I didn't know whether I should trust anyone--I thought that if people knew that I had a disability they would not like me anymore. It took me a long time to understand that I had to return to to not caring about what other people say. People make fun of others because of insecurity. They have to show off to feel better about themselves. When a person made fun of me everyone thought it was just a big joke. After a while I just started laughing along with them or walking away. It really made some kids mad that they weren't getting any reaction out of me. Yeah, it still hurt a lot. I wanted to break down and start crying right then and there, but I knew I didn't want them to get their pleasure out of my hurt feelings. I couldn't cry. I still get really frustrated when I can't do certain things, and I probably always will. I thought I should give people a better chance to get to know me, but I knew that I would probably get hurt. I never thought that anyone would want to be friends with somebody who had cerebral palsy. At times I have trouble dealing with kids making fun of me, but these are people who need help figuring out things in life and need to be treated better themselves. Maybe then they'll treat others the same. They look disappointed when I walk away or laugh when they try to make fun of me. Perhaps they're hurting more than I am. It took a lot of willpower on my part and a lot of love from family and friends to get where I am today. I learned that no one was to blame for my disability. I realize that I can do things and I can do them very well. Some things I can't do, like taking my own notes in class or running in a race, but I will have to live with that. At 16, I believe I've learned more than many people will learn in their whole lives. I have worked out that some people are just mean because they're afraid of being nice. They try to prove to themselves and others that they are cool, but, sooner or later, they're going to wish they hadn't said some of those hurtful things. A lot of people will go through life being mean to those with disabilities because they don't know how to act or what to say to them--they feel awkward with someone who's different. Parents need to teach their children that it's all right to be different and it's all right to be friends with those who are. Some think that the disabled should be treated like little kids for the rest of their lives. They presume we don't need love and friends, but our needs are the same as every other human being's. There are times when I wish I hadn't been born with cerebral palsy, but crying about it isn't going to do me any good. I can only live once, so I want to live the best I can. I am glad I learned who I am and what I am capable of doing. I am happy with who I am. Nobody else could be the Angela Marie Erickson who is writing this. I could never be, or ever want to be, anyone else. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS23,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO SENATOR HARRIS WOFFORD,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Howell Heflin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO SENATOR HARRIS WOFFORD Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, during his relatively brief time in the Senate, our distinguished colleague Harris Wofford emerged as one of this body's most respected Members. His insight and leadership on a wide range of issues inspired both sides of the aisle, and reminded us daily of our responsibility to represent our States in pursuit of the national interest. His historic experience as a Kennedy administration official, a civil rights leader, and academician added immeasurably to the unique environment we have in the Senate. Harris' dramatic upset victory in a special election in the fall of 1991 demonstrated to the Nation that the public truly was ready to put its domestic house in order, and to truly concentrate on pressing needs like health care reform and the budget deficit reduction. His triumph gave Democrats renewed confidence, and set the tone early for the campaign that followed. For his perseverance, stamina, political acumen, and grit, we owe him our thanks and gratitude. Harris Wofford served his constituents and this body well for 3\1/2\ years. He is deeply admired and greatly appreciated. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS24,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TURKEY'S CONFIDENT LEADER,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Paul Simon"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TURKEY'S CONFIDENT LEADER Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, recently, Lally Weymouth had an op- ed piece in the Washington Post about Turkey's remarkable prime minister. It is a great tribute to her. The political storms are not easy to weather in Turkey, but one of the things that our friends in Turkey must understand is that an improved relationship with the United States, and much of Western Europe, is in the interest of all of us. But it is not likely to happen until Turkey faces up to the Cyprus question and the Armenia question. I recognize that is easy for a politician of the United States to say, and not easy for a political leader in Turkey to say because of the decades of emotion on these issues. But if the people in the Middle East can get together, even though it is not all smooth, and if the people in Northern Ireland can get together, then it seems to me, the Turks, the Greeks, and the Armenians ought to be able to work out a better relationship than the one they now have, and that is in the interest of all parties. I ask the Lally Weymouth column be printed in the Congressional Record. The column follows: [From the Washington Post, Nov. 23, 1994] Turkey's Confident Leader (By Lally Weymouth) Istanbul.--In a country where a radical Islamist party is growing in strength, and increasingly women are seen on the streets of major cities wearing the chador, the prime minister is a decidedly modern woman who has surprised the experts with her staying power. From the day 48-year-old Tansu Ciller came to power little over a year ago, analysts have been predicting the fall of her coalition. So far, however, she has managed to prove them wrong. It remains true, however, that virtually every move Ciller makes is controversial. Some Turks criticize her as a disorganized novice; she's an academic-turned-prime-minster. Others say she has failed to deal with Turkey's economic crisis; inflation this year is running at 116 percent, and the growth rates is negative. Yet the prime minister appears cool and unflappable as she steps out of a helicopter in Istanbul and enters her palace to talk about Turkey's problems. For one thing, Turkey's relationship with Washington has deteriorated in the post-Cold War era. Meanwhile, Ciller has many soldiers deployed fighting terrorists in the southeast of Turkey. On the domestic front, she's engaged in an effort to reschedule a by-election for some national assembly seats, a vote originally scheduled for early December. Experts have been predicting that Ciller's party wouldn't fare well in these elections, since the majority of seats at stake are located in southeast Turkey, where the fundamentalist ``Welfare Party'' is strong. Ciller, however, says confidently, ``We are the majority party in the parliament . . . and I think we'll increase that majority. . . . We're going to do much better than ANAP [the other right-of-center party.] . . . I'm secular and democratic and progressive and this is what people want.'' The central threat to Ciller's party and to all mainstream Turkish parties is the radical Islamist ``Welfare Party.'' The prime minister nevertheless plays down the fundamentalist threat, claiming that the fundamentalists have only 15 or 16 percent of the vote, Indeed, she argues that their core vote is even smaller than that; she believes that Welfare attracts a considerable number of protest voters who are reacting to Turkey's economic problems. Shouldn't her party (the True Path) merge with the other right-of-center party (the Motherland Party)--to offer voters a united front against the fundamentalists? Ciller, who has acquired a populist touch, strikes out at the Motherland Party, calling it elitist, ``the product of the military coup. They had contacts [only] with the upper class,'' says Ciller, claiming that her True Path Party ``represents the peasants and small businessmen, the artisans and free traders--the private sector.'' In the next elections, she predicts, Turkish voters will opt for one party, and ``very likely it's going to be me and my party they will choose.'' As Ciller sees it, she's faced with two major problems: an economic crisis and a terror threat. In the economic realm, she's trying to privatize the state sector: ``I'm for a free market economy. . . but we've had problems in the economy because the government sector was so big. The government is in finance, in banking, in manufacture--everywhere.'' As for terrorism, when Ciller became prime minister, the Syrian-sponsored PKK terrorists controlled large areas of southeast Turkey. Although she and other Turkish officials have not noticed any dropoff in Syrian support for the terror group, Ciller says she has used her army to regain control over much of the southeast. The prime minister says confidently that factories and schools are open again after having been closed for six years. ``Life is going back to normal. . . and I did it in one year,'' she said. ``We still have problems, but it's a big step in the right direction.'' Her government has been criticized for the harsh methods used by the army in fighting the PKK, but Ciller claims she had no choice: ``The fight was not against people living in the southeast [but] against the PKK who were killing the Kurdish and Turkish people without discrimination.'' Turning to foreign affairs, Ciller notes that Turkey was a faithful U.S. ally during the Cold War, and cooperated with the United States and its allies in prosecuting the gulf war, shutting down an oil pipeline from Iraq that had produced large revenues for Turkey, thus causing economic hardship. Recently, when Saddam marched toward Kuwait, Ciller said she told President Clinton that ``we back the U.S. 100 percent and that I would provide any help the president would ask.'' Yet she hesitates when it comes to the question of renewing ``Operation Provide Comfort''--the program started by the United States and the international community to aid the Kurds in northern Iraq. ``My people have hesitations about Provide Comfort because they feel it might help separate northern Iraq from the rest of the country,'' she said. ``We feel the territorial integrity of Iraq should be maintained.'' Ciller has endeavored to warn Washington about Russia's aggressive posture. ``We know what is going on there . . . and we cannot close our eyes to the fact . . . that there are forces within Russia who want to go back to the old empire, to the old ways. . . . Aggression should be stopped--be it in Bosnia, in Azerbaijan or Kuwait.'' Tansu Ciller is looking to the future. She plans to guide Turkey into the Customs Union of the European Union. Then, she wants Turkey to play some role in the Middle East peace process. Moreover, she wants to aid the Turkic Republics of the former Soviet Union emerge into independence. But, says the prime minister, ``we need help.'' She does; she also deserves it. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS25,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO SENATOR JAMES SASSER,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Howell Heflin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO SENATOR JAMES SASSER Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, Jim Sasser's departure from the Senate next year will leave a void that will prove difficult, if not impossible to fill. Jim is a product of a classic Tennessee Democratic background. His father was an agriculture official who moved all over the rural areas of the State working on government programs. He went to law school at Vanderbilt and practiced in Nashville. He became active in politics in 1972, when he was named to head the Tennessee Democratic Party. He was elected to the Senate just 4 years later, and soon emerged as an expert on floor procedure and budget issues. He leaves as one of our most respected colleagues. Over the years Jim kept in touch with Tennesseans by visiting each of the State's 95 counties once a year, hiking through the Cherokee National Forest to see how much timber is harvested, and boating over Kentucky Lake to see how the fish are affected by water pollution. His career was a lesson in how to successfully pay attention to the specific concerns of the people we represent, while at the same time serving as a strong national leader. His vision will be missed by his colleagues who remain in the Senate, but we hope to see him in other leadership positions in the future. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS26,1994-12-20,103,2,,,STARVING THE POOR,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Paul Simon"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] STARVING THE POOR Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, while the editorial ``Starving the Poor'' appeared in the New York Times some weeks ago, what it says is still pertinent. We should not continue to be the only modern industrial nation with a high percentage of our people in poverty. It is not an act of God, but the result of flawed political policies. And my fear is we may compound our problems. I ask that the editorial be printed in the Record. The editorial follows: [From the New York Times, Nov. 24, 1994] Starving the Poor The poor, particularly at election time, are routinely demonized for political gain. Their exploitation in this way has brought us to a cruel place in the political landscape, a place where Americans--conservative, moderate and liberal-- are finding it frighteningly easy to blame the poor for their own fate, even though that means condemning millions of children to poverty, hunger and hopelessness. Given the savagery of the climate, it is useful to note what the Roman Catholic Church is saying in response. The church, through its efforts to feed and house America's poor, is intimately familiar with the problem of poverty. Of late the church's most compelling voice has been that of the Archbishop of New York, John Cardinal O'Connor, who last month lashed out at politicians who caricature the poor for political benefit. Cardinal O'Connor's observations last month in his column, published in the newspaper Catholic New York, merit extensive quotation: ``Cuts in serving the poor are the cuts most vehemently demanded and most popularly accepted because the poor have been so grossly caricatured, easy to blame, easy to hate.'' He continued: ```The poor are poor because they want to be poor,' because `they don't want to work'. . . .: such are the cliches by which the poor can starve to death. . . . Will we be proud of ourselves to know that we have saved money on the bellies of the starving? Will we ease our consciences by asking with Scrooge, `Are there no prisons? Are there no workhouses?''' About the cruel stereotyping of the poor, the Cardinal said: ``It is increasingly rare for many of us . . . to believe that people can be poor, but honest, poor, but deserving of respect. Poverty is no longer blamed on anyone but the poor themselves. Contempt for the poor has become a virtue.'' These views were underscored last week at the National Conference of Catholic Bishops, meeting in Washington. Its president, Archbishop William H. Keeler of Baltimore, warned against ``punitive welfare provisions'' that would destroy fragile families and bury children deeper in poverty. Archbishop Keeler said the bishops' opposition to such cruelty was not partisan, but based on the church's teachings about ``the dignity of life.'' He put the church squarely on the side of the vulnerable. By all means, reform the welfare system, end the cycle of dependency, put able-bodied people to work. But politicians also need to remember that the country has a moral obligation to feed and protect those who cannot feed and protect themselves. Even trying, we fall short of the mark. If we cease to try at all, we inflict needless human suffering, and become less of a society as we do. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS27,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO H.A. ALEXANDER,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Howell Heflin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO H.A. ALEXANDER Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, H.A. Alexander, mayor of the city of Moulton, AL, from 1968 to 1988, died on December 1, 1994. Mr. Alexander is remembered well for his contributions and sound leadership as mayor. During his tenure, he managed to get paved roads in Moulton, establish the city's first water treatment facility, and put in place its first public water system. He was also instrumental in improving the city's recreational facilities, as demonstrated by the youth softball and baseball complexes and the Deer Run Golf Course. Alexander was a veteran of World War II, a teacher and principal at Speake High School, and the owner and operator of Alexander Sales, which he owned for 22 years. H.A. Alexander will be missed greatly by the community of Moulton, and by all who knew him. My sincerest condolences are extended to Alexander's wife, Olivia Wilcoxson Alexander, and their entire family during this time of sadness. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS28,1994-12-20,103,2,,,WHY WE HATE GOVERNMENT,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Paul Simon"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] WHY WE HATE GOVERNMENT Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, a longtime friend of mine, Charles Klotzer, publisher of the St. Louis Journalism Review, recently had some observations about the election of November 8, 1994, that I think should be of interest to people of every political persuasion. At one point, he hits on what I think is the nub of a problem that we have that goes beyond anyone's politics. He writes: We have lost compassion. Helping our community has been reduced to handing our ineffectual neighborhood breadbaskets. The community as a collective is eager to dismantle welfare and unemployment programs. We reject an egalitarian society which provides equal opportunities, substituting a class structure that equates value with income. We believe that school districts without much property to tax probably deserve no better. We resent others. The schism between various ethnic and religious groups is growing. We cultivate righteousness at the expense of community. These trends have been abetted if not promoted by the media. Marketing consultants are earning their keep by telling the media they can only survive if they offer what is popular. Catering to the lowest common denominator of public acceptance as most media do, abandons the media's crucial function as a wellspring of new and independent ideas. The public indoctrination of what government represents could never have gotten hold without the media. Mr. President, I ask the Charles Klotzer editorial/observation, which appears under the title, ``Why We Hate Government,'' be printed in the Record. The material follows: ``Why We Hate Government'' (By Charles L. Klotzer) ``What lies behind the turnover of power,'' asked Robert MacNeil when opening that evening's discussion on the MacNeil-Lehrer News-hour the day after the elections. The common consensus by pollsters, commentators, politicians on the media circuit is that voters revolted against ``big government'' and against too much control from Washington DC. They say the vote was largely propelled by fear of crime, by uncertainty about their future, by cynicism about programs and officials, elected or appointed, and by anger against a leadership symbolized by President Bill Clinton. Beyond any doubt, the public was out to repudiate government. This phenomenon, so the media tells us, was evident from the precinct level to the national arena. It was not that anyone in particular opposed the rebuilding by government of a bridge in disrepair, or the investigation by government of an airplane accident, or the investment by government of funds to find a cure for cancer. Nevertheless, everyone was bitter, be it in their reduced take-home pay, their apprehension--well founded or not--of taking walks at night, or their unmet expectations in their personal or professional lives. Somehow it was all linked to the ``failure'' of government. The institution of government, more so than the Democratic or Republican parties, is suspect. Governmental regulations are resented. Paperwork required in dealing with any governmental level is always excessive. Officials are probably corrupt, and if not corrupt, they are probably lazy. If we just could function without governmental interference in our daily life, without all the regulations. A poll by the Times Mirror Center for the People and the Press found a massive, public disaffection among the electorate. The electorate is ``angry, self-absorbed and politically unanchored,'' were the findings. Frustrations and deep skepticism with the political system is rooted ``in their struggle with the economic limitations they face.'' The one question which has not been asked is simply: why does the public think that the government is the cause of their perceived misery? If your wages are too low, wouldn't it be more logical to organize and pressure employers to increase benefits? If you cannot afford health insurance anymore, wouldn't it make more sense to demand that government step in until you find another job? If you are bothered by crime in your neighborhood, wouldn't it be appropriate to ask you local police to provide more protection, even if your taxes will go up as a result? Some problems, we know, cannot be solved by individuals. You need a collective, a government, representing the majority of its constituents to address those concerns beyond the reach of individuals. Rationally, we know we need government. Emotionally, we resent government. The question is: why? It appears that this public attitude has been cultivated, nurtured and shaped by all the interests which oppose governmental intervention and governmental supervision. Environmental laws have hurt some sections of our industry. Requirements for a safe work place have not been uniformly welcome. Reducing the production of weapon systems represents a redistribution of economic power. Supervision of America's processing facilities and required modifications will incur unwelcome expenditures. The list is endless. All of these interests--hurt in the short term, although beneficiaries, like all of us, in the long term--knew that an anti-government drive in their own name would be rejected by the American public. Attacking protective and regulatory legislation in their own name would be counterproductive. These interests had to convince the public at large that it is in their interest to suspect government. And were they successful. Their aim went beyond a particular piece of legislation; they struck out at government itself, the root cause of their discomfort. No, these concerted efforts were not due to some conspiracy hatched out in secret. No need for that. The self-interest, which usually means the bottom line, propelled the economic movers and shakers in our country to finance movements, politicians, and media campaigns to mold public opinions. Ultimately, we all felt that it was our idea in the first place. The net outcome is not only a change in political power, but also attitudinal changes which are much more serious. We have lost compassion. Helping our community has been reduced to handling our ineffectual neighborhood breadbaskets. The community as a collective is eager to dismantle welfare and unemployment programs. We reject an egalitarian society which provides equal opportunities, substituting a class structure that equates value with income. We believe that school districts without much property to tax probably deserve on better. We resent ``others.'' The schism between various ethnic and religious groups is growing. We cultivate righteousness at the expense of community. These trends have been abetted if not promoted by the media. Marketing consultants are earning their keep by telling the media they can only survive if they offer what is popular. Catering to the lowest common denominator of public acceptance as most media do, abandons the media's crucial function as a wellspring of new and independent areas. The public indoctrination of what ``government'' represents could not have gotten hold without the media. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS29,1994-12-20,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO BEN H. CRAIG,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""Howell Heflin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO BEN H. CRAIG Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, Ben H. Craig, former mayor of Florence, AL and 1994 Shoals Chamber of Commerce Small Business Person of the Year, died recently at his home after a lengthy illness. Ben was known as a true gentleman by those who knew him and by his entire community for his contributions to historic preservation and his generosity to the University of North Alabama. His company, B.H. Craig Construction, contributed to many public projects and stands as a tribute to Ben and his betterment of the community. Ben Craig will be greatly missed by the people of Florence and by all those who knew him personally. My sincerest condolences are extended to Ben's wife, Ann Craig, and their entire family in the wake of this tremendous loss. I ask that a news article recounting the life and work of Ben Craig be printed in the Record. The article follows: Former Florence Mayor Ben Craig Dies (By Lena Mitchell) Florence.--Former Mayor Ben H. Craig, the 1994 Shoals Chamber of Commerce Small Business Person of the Year, died Sunday at his residence after a lengthy illness. He was 73. Florence and the Shoals lost a builder, historian benefactor, former mayor and generally great gentleman, said many who were close to him. Craig founded B.H. Craig Construction Co. in 1951, and his company's work includes Joe Wheeler State Park Resort near Rogerville, Turtle Point Yacht and Country Club in Florence, the Franklin County Courthouse in Russellville, Bradshaw High School in Florence and the Natchez Trace Bridge across the Tennessee River. His firm was recently named the prime contractor on the city's $6.7 million conference center adjacent to Renaissance Tower. ``He was one of the finest gentlemen in the area, well- respected, and will be missed by all of us,'' said architect Stan Tomblin. ``We worked together on a number of different projects over the years--Eliza Coffee Memorial) Hospital, Colbert County Courthouse, and they had just completed the renovations for the Florence Police Department.'' Craig was mayor of Florence from 1966 to 1969 and retired Florence Housing Authority director Karl Tyree remembers that he not only led a very progressive administration, but left his mark on the city in a very personal way. ``He was invaluable to us in his progressive thinking,'' Tyree said. ``He was a mayor at a time when it was very important to continue our program when they under attack nationally. He really had a wonderful and productive life. He was a close friend and very dear to all of us.'' Craig and his wife, Ann, recently made a gift of $250,000 to the University of North Alabama to establish an endowment in memory of his mother, Emma Vaughn Craig, and grandmother, Susan Kirkman Vaughn, and an endowment for the Ben H. Craig professorship in geography. His firm built Flowers Hall and did renovations on Powers Hall, Rogers Hall and the Towers residence halls at UNA. University President Robert L. Potts said he was deeply saddened by Craig's passing. ``Ben Craig was a kind, gentle and generous man,'' Potts said. ``He was a true friend of the university who gave freely of his time and resources to advance our programs and he will be greatly missed by all at the university. He was a very special person.'' Craig was a member of the UNA President's Cabinet, past president of the Florence Rotary Club, was named a Paul Harris Fellow and was an elder at First Presbyterian Church of Florence, where he had also served as a deacon. Florence historian William L. McDonald praised Craig's commitment to preserving the history of the city and the Shoals area. ``We shall long remember his as one of our outstanding mayors and church and community leaders,'' McDonald said. ``Ben has done more for historic preservation then perhaps anyone in North Alabama. It was through his expertise, labor and love that many of our historic shrines have been rescued and preserved for the generations yet to come.'' Survivors include his wife, Ann Craig, Florence; daughters, Landis Williams, Caroline O'Brien, Nancy Marbury, Catherine Craig, all of the Shoals area. Margaret Schafer, Houston, Texas, Frances Craig, New York, N.Y." CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS3,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER",SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER Office of the Republican Leader, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC, December 2, 1994. Hon. Thomas S. Foley, Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to section 4 of the Congressional Award Act (2 U.S.C. 803), I hereby appoint the following individuals to serve as members of the Congressional Award Board: Mr. Thomas A. Campbell of Alexandria, VA and Ms. Candice Shy Hooper of Arlington, VA. Sincerely, Bob Michel, Republican Leader. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS4,1994-12-20,103,2,,,"COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER",SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL, MINORITY LEADER Office of the Republican Leader, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC, December 8, 1994. Hon. Thomas S. Foley, Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to section 902(a) of Public Law 103-359, I hereby appoint the following individuals to serve on the Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the United States Intelligence Community: Representative Porter Goss of Florida and Mr. Robert E. Pursley of Stamford, CT. Sincerely, Bob Michel, Republican Leader. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS5,1994-12-20,103,2,,,COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROB PORTMAN,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] COMMUNICATION FROM HON. ROB PORTMAN Congress of the United States, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC, November 30, 1994. Hon. Thomas Foley, Speaker of the House, H-204 of the Capitol, Washington, DC. Dear Mr. Speaker: This is to formally notify you pursuant to rule L (50) of the Rules of the House that I have been served with a subpoena issued by the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio for materials related to a civil lawsuit. After consultation with the General Counsel, I have determined that compliance with the subpoena is consistent with the privileges and precedents of the House. Sincerely, Bob Portman, Representative. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS6,1994-12-20,103,2,,,COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE FOLLOWING THE SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT OF THE 103D CONGRESS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,"[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK OF THE HOUSE FOLLOWING THE SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT OF THE 103D CONGRESS Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC, December 2, 1994. Hon. Thomas S. Foley, The Speaker, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. Dear Mr. Speaker: Pursuant to the permission granted in clause 5 of rule III of the Rules of the U.S. House of Representatives, the Clerk received the following message from the Secretary of the Senate on Friday, December 2, 1994 at 9:55 a.m.: that the Senate passed without amendment H.R. 5110. With great respect, I am Sincerely yours, Donnald K. Anderson, Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS7,1994-12-20,103,2,,,ENROLLED BILL SIGNED AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,"[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] ENROLLED BILL SIGNED AFTER SINE DIE ADJOURNMENT Mr. ROSE, from the Committee on House Administration, reported that that committee had examined and found truly enrolled a bill of the House of the following title, which was thereupon signed by the Speaker: H.R. 5110. An act to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS8,1994-12-20,103,2,,,BILL PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,,"[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5110""}]",140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] BILL PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT Mr. ROSE, from the Committee on House Administration, reported that that committee did on the following date present to the President, for his approval, a bill of the House of the following title: On December 2, 1994: H.R. 5110. An act to approve and implement the trade agreements concluded in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations. ____________________" CREC-1994-12-20-pt1-PgS9,1994-12-20,103,2,,,REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S,S,"[{""name"": ""William D. Ford"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Jim McDermott"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Martin Olav Sabo"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Sam Gibbons"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""William (Bill) Clay"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. S,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 150 (Tuesday, December 20, 1994)] [Senate] [Page S] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: December 20, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of committees were delivered to the Clerk for printing and reference to the proper calendar, as follows: [Submitted Tuesday, December 13, 1994] Mr. FORD of Michigan: Committee on Education and Labor. Report of the Activities of the Committee on Education and Labor during the 103d Congress (Rept. 103-872). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. [Submitted December 15, 1994] Mr. McDERMOTT: Committee on Standards of Official Conduct. Report of the Summary of Activities of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct during the 103d Congress (Rept. 103-873). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. [Submitted December 19, 1994] Mr. SABO: Committee on the Budget. Activities and Summary Report of the Committee on the Budget during the 103d Congress (Rept. 103-874). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr. GIBBONS: Committee on Ways and Means. Report on legislative review activity during the 103d Congress of the Committee on Ways and Means (Rept. 103-875). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union. Mr. CLAY: Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. Report of the Activities of the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service during the 103d Congress (Rept. 103-876). Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union." CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE231,1994-10-08,103,2,,,MOVE OVER UNCLE SAM,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Marcy Kaptur"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] MOVE OVER UNCLE SAM ______ HON. MARCY KAPTUR of ohio in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, as America prepares to celebrate the 75th anniversary of our U.S. Constitution's 19th amendment, the Gamma Alpha chapter of Delta Kappa Gamma in Canton, OH, is using the image of the U.S. twins Sam and Sami to benefit humanitarian work in Stark County. May they have every success. Move Over, Uncle Sam, Here Comes Aunt Sami Aunt Sami wants you. Yes, you read that right. Aunt Sami, twin sister of Uncle Sam, symbol of the United States of America. Aunt Sami is the creation of Marilyn Tullys, a Canton teacher who believes there should be gender equality among symbols. ``What message does Uncle Sam, standing alone, send to each new generation of children?'' Tullys said. ``There's something left out.'' Tullys created the Aunt Sami character two years ago and has since depicted her on dolls--made in various colors to represent different races--and mugs. She has shown the dolls and talked about Aunt Sami to school groups, women's groups and at the annual Twins Festival in Twinsburg. Tullys plans to write about her idea to U.S. representatives and senators, as well as the president and vice president. ``The message is really, `In equality, there is liberty,''' she said. ``I'm saying that Uncle Sam without Aunt Sami is a half-truth that we're representing to children.'' ____ Beside Each Other (By Marilyn Tullys) Uncle Sam--Tall and proud is how I stand. I'm the symbol of our land. I'm a picture of a man. Known to all as Uncle Sam. Aunt Sami--I am stepping up with you, Wearing red and white and blue. Aunt Sami is who I am. Twin sister to Uncle Sam. Uncle Sam--I'm an image like a sign. I'm a message for your mind; Hearts are touched as people see, I stand for Democracy. Aunt Sami--Though I've long been out of view, Just a step in back of you, Still it's true I also stand, For what makes our nation grand. Uncle Sam--I've come down through history, An idea of liberty; I'm expressing what is meant, By our U.S. Government. Aunt Sami--What we stand for side by side, Is a country taking pride, In the promise to stay free, And promote equality. Uncle Sam--Now you're in the picture too, A twin symbol overdue. Sami, you're a team with me, Showing true EQUALITY. Full chorus--A full life we will enjoy, As each girl and every body, Gows up knowing we're all free, To be all that we can be. This presentation for children depicts gender equality as Uncle Sam and the twin sister symbol express who they are and what they represent. It is recommended that as many children as possible express the parts of the speaking symbols Sam and Sami. If each child speaks a four-line verse, this could involve seven children. However, consider assigning each child two lines and involving fourteen students in solo recitations. Full chorus might mean the seven or fourteen speakers or everyone who hasn't yet spoken. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE232,1994-10-08,103,2,,,THE HONORABLE DR. J. ROY ROWLAND,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Carlos J. Moorhead"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] THE HONORABLE DR. J. ROY ROWLAND ______ speech of HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD of california in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, Congressman Roy Rowland is leaving the U.S. Congress after a dozen years of valuable service and numerous contributions to his Nation, his State, and the residents of his district. I have gotten to know Dr. Rowland better since he joined the Energy and Commerce Committee 6 years ago. In this capacity as the only medical doctor on the committee, he has made outstanding contributions to the committee's unparalleled record of achievement. He was especially active in the recent and all-consuming health care debate. Roy Rowland's experience and insights were of enormous help to his colleagues as we worked to understand and solve the problems within this most important and complex of industries. Mr. Speaker, I want to express my gratitude to Dr. Rowland for his friendship and support and wish him all the best as he departs the Congress and begins another chapter in his very successful life. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE233,1994-10-08,103,2,,,RETIREMENT OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM J. HUGHES,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Jack B. Brooks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] RETIREMENT OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM J. HUGHES ______ speech of HON. JACK BROOKS of texas in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to Congressman William J. Hughes of the Second District of New Jersey. Bill Hughes has decided to retire after a distinguished career in this body spanning 20 years. Bill and I became colleagues on the Judiciary Committee in January 1975 when Bill began his service there. Congressman Hughes first chaired the Subcommittee on Crime and then became chairman of the Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration at the beginning of the 102d Congress. He has been an outstanding leader in Congress on all issues on which he has worked. Bill has dealt with the difficult problems arising before his subcommittee in a workman like and skillful manner. His skill as a prosecutor and his grasp of intellectual property issues make him one of the finest lawyers ever to serve this body. He has been a loyal friend and staunch ally and I shall miss him on the committee and in the well of this House. Bill and his wife Nancy have a splendid and loving family they will now have more time to enjoy, but we will all miss Bill's dedicated service to his constituents, the Congress, and the Nation. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE234,1994-10-08,103,2,,,IN HONOR OF REPRESENTATIVE BILL HUGHES,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Romano L. Mazzoli"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN HONOR OF REPRESENTATIVE BILL HUGHES ______ speech of HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI of kentucky in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I pay tribute to Representative Bill Hughes, my close friend and colleague of 20 years. Bill Hughes, a native of Salem, NJ, and lifelong resident of New Jersey, is a consummate Congressman. Since he was first elected to Congress in 1974, he has always remembered, in the words of former Speaker of the House Tip O'Neill, that ``* * * all politics is local.'' In keeping with this belief, Bill Hughes, throughout his career, has spent all but one weekend per year in New Jersey's Second District. Bill understood early into the game that you never forget who sent you here and you never forget your roots back home. Bill Hughes has devoted much of his professional life in the area of law enforcement serving 10 years as a prosecuting attorney in Cape May County, NJ, and 20 years in Congress as a member of the House Judiciary Committee. In his capacity as chairman of the Subcommittee on Crime and Criminal Justice, he has spearheaded efforts to establish boot camps for the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders and has pushed Congress to appropriate funds for new prisons. He has also led the fight against computer crime, child pornography, firearms violations, arson, drug offenders, product tampering, and many other problems plaguing our Nation. Along with his work as chairman of the Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration and his work on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee, Bill Hughes has also been very supportive of campaign finance reform legislation, an issue in which I have also been very involved. In his own campaigns, Bill Hughes has sought to raise most of his campaign funds from small individual contributions, rather than from sources outside the State of New Jersey. He has limited PAC contributions to less than a third of his total campaign funds and he suggests that other members follow suit. Through his work as chairman of the Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration, Bill Hughes has worked diligently to protect the interests of authors of software programs and books, composers, and film makers throughout the country as well as other areas of the world. He has also been very instrumental in advancing the GATT negotiations, working to remove trade barriers and strengthen the U.S. economy. Bill has been the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions including: The Senior Distinguished Alumni Award for Rutgers University; the Leo Fraser Super Achiever Award from the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation; Man of the Year award by the Girl Scouts of America and; Congressman of the Year award by the National Association of Police Organizations. But above all of these recognitions, Bill Hughes' most lasting tribute is that the people of New Jersey's Second Congressional District has reposed their faith and trust in him for two decades and would have done so for another two decades or more if Bill and Nancy, his beloved wife, were not anxious to return home to start a new phase of their life. For my part, I am losing a friend and a seatmate of long standing. I wish him, Nancy, and the family the best of health and happiness in retirement. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE235,1994-10-08,103,2,,,THE NATIONAL MARITIME HERITAGE ACT OF 1994,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Nancy Pelosi"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3059""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] THE NATIONAL MARITIME HERITAGE ACT OF 1994 ______ speech of HON. NANCY PELOSI of california in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to offer my thanks to Chairman Studds, Representative Andrews, and the many others who worked for the passage of H.R. 3059, the National Maritime Heritage Act of 1994. This bill represents a long-overdue effort to provide much-needed support for maritime historical preservation projects all over the country. From Seattle to Newport News to San Francisco to the Rio Grande Military Museum, this legislation will perpetuate our maritime history by allowing States, local governments, and nonprofit organizations to apply for maritime heritage grants which will be used for educational purposes. I am proud to have the world's largest fleet of historic ships located in my district at the San Francisco Maritime Park. This important grants program will fund much-needed and long-delayed repairs on these ships. Mr. Speaker, the National Maritime Heritage Act is also a fiscally responsible measure. Funding for the program will be derived from scrapping obsolete National Defense Reserve Fleet [NDRF] vessels. These funds will then be apportioned between maritime heritage projects, the maritime administration, and State maritime academies for training and educational purposes. Mr. Speaker, in the last 60 years, over 400 of the most important historical vessels in this country have been lost because of erratic Federal support for maritime preservation. This bill attempts to reverse that course and I am grateful that my colleagues have given it their support. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE236,1994-10-08,103,2,,,RECYCLING AND PERMANENT PAPER,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Nita M. Lowey"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] RECYCLING AND PERMANENT PAPER ______ HON. NITA M. LOWEY of new york in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to enter into the Record a recent letter from the Federal environmental executive to the New York Public Library on the subject of the administration's commitment to the use by the Government of permanent paper. Recently, a letter from New York Public Library President Paul LeClerc, New York Public Library Trustee Barbara Goldsmith, and Association of American Publishers President Nicholas Veliotas was sent to the White House Office of Environmental Policy seeking a clarification that the President's 1993 Executive order on Recycling did not conflict with Public Law 101-423's requirement to use permanent paper for Government documents of enduring value. As my colleagues know, this policy on permanent paper was one developed and enacted by Congress, and I applaud the administration for unequivocally stating its commitment to meeting the goals of the permanent paper resolution as the Federal Government moves to an increased use of recycled paper. I would like to introduce into the Record the administration's response in order to make completely clear that there is no conflict between these highly important goals. Office of the Federal Environmental Executive, Washington, DC, July 19, 1994. Mr. Paul LeClerc, President, the New York Public Library, New York, NY. Dear Mr. LeClerc: As the Federal Environmental Executive appointed by authority of the President's Executive Order On Recycling, I am in receipt of your communication regarding the necessity to ensure that the federal government's use of recycled paper not be perceived to be in conflict with P.L. 101-423's requirement to use permanent paper for documents of enduring historical value. I am writing to assure you that there is no such conflict, and to tell you of the steps this Administration is taking to ensure that the recycled paper requirements are not implemented in such a way as to result in the inappropriate use of acidic paper. The Administration is completely aware of and strongly supports the Joint Resolution on permanent paper and its goals. Paper which contains recycled material and is either permanent or alkaline is available for purchase, and it is our intention to continue to use these papers for documents of enduring value. I will be working with the individual agencies to develop specifications to fulfill the goals of the Executive Order and the Joint Resolution. Executive Order 12873 called for the appointment of Agency Environmental Executives for each Executive department and major procuring agency, in addition to a Federal Environmental Executive within EPA, the position to which I have recently been appointed. I intend to transmit a copy of this letter to all Agency Environmental Executives in order to restate our position that the requirements for use of recycled paper are not to conflict in any way with the concurrent requirement for permanent paper use. Furthermore, I am meeting this week with the Agency Environmental Executives, and I intend to discuss and reaffirm our commitment to the use of permanent or alkaline paper during this meeting. I will be continuing to work closely with these executives to ensure on-going sensitivity to this issue as we implement Executive Order 12873. I very much appreciate your interest and concern for the permanence of historical documents, and applaud your efforts to reduce the use of acid papers by the federal government. We fully share your concern, and I look forward to continuing to work with you on issues of recycling and paper permanence. Sincerely, Fran McPoland, Federal Environmental Executive. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE237,1994-10-08,103,2,,,LIMITED AUTHORIZATION FOR UNITED STATES-LED FORCE IN HAITI,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Richard H. Lehman"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HJRES"", ""number"": ""416""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] LIMITED AUTHORIZATION FOR UNITED STATES-LED FORCE IN HAITI ______ speech of HON. RICHARD H. LEHMAN of california in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.J. Res. 416) providing limited authorization for the participation of United States Armed Forces in the multinational force in Haiti and providing for the prompt withdrawal of United States Armed Forces from Haiti: Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to express my disgust at the willingness of this body to jeopardize the lives of American soldiers for the purpose of gaining a political advantage. Though I have publicly stated that I opposed the invasion of Haiti by United States forces, I am not willing to cast a vote which could jeopardize the lives of our soldiers simply to gain political cover. Whether or not we like it, our troops are in Haiti, and as long as United States soldiers are in Haiti we must stand behind them 100 percent. The decision to bring our soldiers home should be based on the advice of our military leaders and not politicians who are concerned about their own elections. Imposing arbitrary deadlines does nothing but undermine our armed forces. The best thing Congress can do is allow our military leaders to do their job and bring our soldiers home as soon as possible in a safe manner. If you are looking to gain a political boost right before the election, take the easy vote. By doing so, however, you are risking the lives of American soldiers and undermining our military. Practice good policy--not partisan politics. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE238,1994-10-08,103,2,,,THE RETIREMENT OF THE HONORABLE J. ROY ROWLAND,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Michael Bilirakis"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3955""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] THE RETIREMENT OF THE HONORABLE J. ROY ROWLAND ______ speech of HON. MICHAEL BILIRAKIS of florida in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I want to join my colleagues in wishing my good friend, Congressman Roy Rowland, the best of luck in his future endeavors. I know he is looking forward to retiring from the Congress. Unfortunately, his retirement leaves a void in the House of Representatives that will never be completely filled. For many years, Congressman Rowland has been the only family physician in the entire Congress. He willingly shared his experience and medical knowledge with his colleagues on numerous occasions. Many times, when health care legislation was debated by the House Energy and Commerce Committee, Congressman Rowland's opinions and suggestions were sought out. My colleagues on both sides of the aisle and I always found them invaluable. Over the past year, I have had the opportunity to work closely with Congressman Rowland and his very capable staff, especially Kathy Hennemuth, on health care reform. Before that, we had served on the House Energy and Commerce Committee and the Veterans Committee. In addition, we served as cochairmen of the Congressional Sunbelt Caucus on Infant Mortality. In my opinion, our greatest legislative accomplishment together was drafting two separate and completely bipartisan health care bills in the 103d Congress. H.R. 3955, the Health Reform Consensus Act, was the first comprehensive health bill introduced in the Congress that was truly bipartisan. In addition, Congressman Rowland and I forged a completely bipartisan group of five House Republicans and five House Democrats. This congressional group was responsible for drafting the House bipartisan health bill, which drew significant support in the House this past summer--as well as interest in the other body. In my opinion, Congressman Rowland's medical background provided this bill with crucial credibility among our House colleagues. Prior to this year, Congressman Rowland already had established himself as a legislative leader on health issues. A bill authored by Congressman Rowland to reduce unnecessary red tape in the Medicare Program was enacted into law. As a leader in the House rural health care coalition, Congressman Rowland assisted in drafting a wide range of bills to improve the delivery of rural health care that later became public law. He also authored legislation creating the National AIDS Commission to establish better coordination among programs associated with the disease. Finally, while serving as the vice chairman of the National Commission to Prevent Infant Mortality, he cosponsored several measures to provide prenatal and child health care services to high- risk mothers. Throughout his congressional career, Congressman Rowland has been an effective legislator in other legislative areas as well. He has been actively involved in environmental issues and, in fact, served on the joint conference committee that authored the 1990 Clean Air Act. He also played a key role in the 1987 Clean Water Act and served as a House conferee when the final version of this legislation was debated by a House-Senate conference committee. In addition, Congressman Rowland served as one of the leaders in promoting the proposed balanced budget amendment to the Constitution. With regard to veterans, Congressman Rowland served as the chairman of the House Veterans' Hospitals and Health Care Subcommittee. He has been a leader in fighting for improvements in the veterans' health care system and cosponsored several legislative measures to assist our veterans. These are some of the highlights of Congressman Rowland's accomplishments as a Member of the House of Representatives. He has had numerous legislative achievements throughout his congressional career in Washington. While I congratulate Congressman Rowland on this distinguished career on the occasion of his retirement, I believe the U.S. Congress is losing one of its finest and most respected Members. He will be sorely missed, not only by me, but by all of us. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE239,1994-10-08,103,2,,,A TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON EDWARDS,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Charles B. Rangel"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE DON EDWARDS ______ speech of HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL of new york in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, please join me in honoring our distinguished colleague, Representative Don Edwards, who is retiring from the House of Representatives at the end of this, the 103d Congress, Representative Edwards, the dean of the California delegation, has represented his San Jose district with considerable distinction since 1962. Representative Don Edwards was born and raised in the community that he now represents. He attended public schools in San Jose and received both his bachelors and juris doctorate degrees from nearby Stanford University. Don served as a Federal Bureau of Investigation agent from 1940 to 1941, and during World War II as a Naval intelligence officer and gunnery officer at sea. He and his wife, Edith B. Wilkie, a native New Yorker and presently executive director of the Arms Control and Foreign Policy Caucus, raised five sons: Judge Leonard Perry Edwards and Judge Thomas C. Edwards, both of Santa Clara County Superior Court; Samuel Dwyer Edwards, a software designer living in Portola Valley; Dr. Bruce Haven Edwards, a mathematics professor at the University of Florida; and William Don Edwards, a San Jose lawyer. By perpetuating the leadership and commitment to serving fellow human beings, these five men will serve, perhaps, a Don and Edith's greatest legacy. Matching his legacy of congressional service, which he will bestow upon the Members of this body in a few short weeks, will prove difficult, if not impossible. Upon arriving in Washington, he made clear his goals to serve the people of San Jose and southern San Francisco Bay and to defend the liberties and laws of the Constitution. Working with both Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, Representative Edwards was the floor leader in the enactment of the 1964 Omnibus Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights of 1965. He participated in civil rights demonstrations and marches in Washington and throughout the South. In 1963, he visited Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in the Birmingham Jail. Later, he helped to shepherd the equal rights amendment through the House and authored both the Freedom of Choice Act and the Religious Freedom Act. His respect for civil liberties and consistent support of those principles have led many of us to refer to Mr. Edwards as ``The Conscience of the Congress.'' Representative Edwards never wavered in his adherence to those principles, even when it led to helping those outside of this body's realm. Whether referring to his work on oversight of the FBI, United States involvement in El Salvador, Nicaragua, Vietnam, or South Africa, Don brought his integrity and decency with him. It has touched all who know him. And by doing so, Don Edwards has better served his constituency and his country. In his 32 years of service, Mr. Edwards's legislation has: doubled the size of the San Francisco Bay Wildlife Refuge; established environmental education centers in Alviso and Fremont; given copyright protection to semiconductor manufacturers; streamlined export licensing; helped build the Robert F. Peckham U.S. Courthouse and Federal Building in San Jose, and many other highway, flood control, earthquake relief, and rail projects. I find it perfectly appropriate that we honor Representative Edwards in the same week that this body honored President Nelson Mandela of the Republic of South Africa and welcomed him here to address Congress and the Nation. Like President Mandela, Don Edwards believes that our society's enemy is never an organization, an event, a symbol, or a race of people. Humanity's true enemies are tyranny, contempt for liberty, and injustice. In waging a never-ending battle against these foes, Don has transcended the legislative works of this body. In doing so, he has inspired generations of constituents, colleagues, and friends, including this humble legislator. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE24,1994-10-08,103,2,,,IN HONOR OF CHIEF WALLACE F. LEES' RETIREMENT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Ronald K. Machtley"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN HONOR OF CHIEF WALLACE F. LEES' RETIREMENT ______ HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY of rhode island in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. MACHTLEY. I am honored in paying special tribute to Wallace F. Lees retirement as chief of the Burrillville Police Department. I congratulate him for the many significant contributions he has made to the community. For over 30 years, Chief Lees has admirably served the town by consistently demonstrating his commitment and dedication to fighting crime and creating a safe environment for all Burrillville residents. Chief Lees has distinguished himself as a prominent leader who goes above and beyond the call of duty for the betterment of mankind, he has instituted a myriad of safety, public service, substance abuse prevention, and crime fighting programs which have had a positive impact on the community. Throughout his entire law enforcement career, beginning with his appointment as patrolman in 1963, sargeant in 1969, and as chief in 1988, Chief Lees has been an inspirational presence on the force, whose service will be greatly missed and long remembered. Again, I am honored to pay special tribute to Chief Wallace F. Lees. I wish to congratulate him on his outstanding service to the citizens of the town of Burrillville. I wish him the best in all of his future endeavors. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE240,1994-10-08,103,2,,,U.S. POLICY TOWARDS HAITI,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""William F. Clinger Jr."", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""103"", ""type"": ""HJRES"", ""number"": ""416""}]",140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] U.S. POLICY TOWARDS HAITI ______ speech of HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR. of pennsylvania in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 The House in Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union had under consideration the bill (H.J. Res. 416) providing limited authorization for the participation of United States Armed Forces in the multinational force in Haiti and providing for the prompt withdrawal of United States Armed Forces from Haiti: Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Chairman, I rise to express my views on the current U.S. military occupation of Haiti. My position on U.S. policy toward Haiti is clear and simple. I neither supported President Clinton's initial deployment of U.S. troops to Haiti nor do I support the current U.S. military occupation of the troubled nation. No compelling U.S. interests were at stake in Haiti. No American lives were at risk, and the United States had no vital strategic or economic concerns there. While the United States should always be committed to democracy and support democratically elected leaders, I question whether placing U.S. service men and women in Haiti to restore President Aristide is an appropriate use of our military forces. Furthermore, it is my belief that, as commander-in-chief, President Clinton had an obligation to build public support for his policy before placing one American service member in harm's way. He should have clearly articulated our national interests and security objectives in Haiti, and allowed Congress to fully and publicly debate and vote on the merits of his policy. President Clinton's decision not to seek public or congressional support prior to the invasion and occupation of Haiti was a serious failure on his part, because if he had, the United States might not be in the troublesome position we are in today. Although I feel U.S. military intervention in Haiti is a mistake, and U.S. troops should be withdrawn as soon as possible, I strongly oppose any congressional action to set a deadline for withdrawal or any attempt to cut off funds for military operations in Haiti. Under the two previous administrations, I consistently joined my Republican colleagues in fending off Democratic attempts to tie the hands of the President in executing U.S. foreign policy. I argued that Congress must give the President latitude to properly carry out his responsibilities as our commander-in-chief, especially when U.S. troops are in a hostile environment. It would be contrary to my beliefs and hypocritical for me now to support any resolution that severely restricts the President's authority over foreign policy and military affairs by mandating the withdrawal of U.S. troops. Having stated by views, I must admit I am not thrilled by any of the three alternative before us today. While none represent flawless public policy, some are clearly better than others. I am vehemently opposed to the Torricelli-Hamilton resolution which provides an implicit endorsement of the President's policy and retroactive authorization for his actions. I cannot support authorization for continued United States presence in Haiti to carry out a poorly defined mission I do not support, and urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on Torricelli-Hamilton. Although I have misgivings about the Michel-Gilman substitute, I will vote for it because it is clearly the best of the three choices. It states that President Clinton should not have sent troops to Haiti, and urges an immediate, safe and orderly withdrawal. Although I am concerned about the fixed timetable for a congressional vote on pulling U.S. troops out of Haiti, I view this provision more as a reservation of Congress's right to revisit the issue than as a congressional deadline for troop withdrawal. If the Michel-Gilman substitute fails, which I expect it will, I will lend my qualified support to the Dellums-Murtha substitute. Although the language is anemic and does not go far enough in expressing disapproval of President Clinton's decision to dispatch troops to Haiti, I prefer the Dellums-Murtha substitute over the base text of the resolution which endorses and authorizes the President's actions. President Clinton should not interpret this Member's vote in support of the Dellums-Murtha substitute as a vote of confidence, but instead as a denial of congressional authorization for his Haiti military operation and a forceful repudiation of his mishandling of this sorry affair. Mr. Speaker, no matter what the outcome of the Michel-Gilman or Dellums-Murtha votes, in my mind, the only vote that truly matters, and the vote the President should be closely watching, is the vote on the Torricelli-Hamilton resolution. This is the only amendment that provides authorization for continued U.S. presence in Haiti, and therefore, the only one that endorses the President's actions. If Congress fails to adopt the Torricelli-Hamilton resolution, it will be a clear, unmistakable rejection of the President's Haitian policy, and President Clinton should recognize and understand this. Once again, I strongly urge members to vote ``no'' on the Torricelli- Hamilton resolution. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE241,1994-10-08,103,2,,,RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""William F. Clinger Jr."", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD ______ speech of HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR. of pennsylvania in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, railroads played a vital role in the dawning of the industrial age in America, and no other State's history and heritage have been enriched more by the rail industry than Pennsylvania's. During the late 1800's and early 1900's, hundreds of miles of railroad tracks stretched across Pennsylvania, allowing merchants to ship freight and transport passengers in and out of the State. The birth of mass production in America created enormous demands for Pennsylvania coal, iron, and steel, and these industries relied heavily on the railroad network to move their goods to manufacturers in St. Louis, Chicago, New York, and other areas of the country. Aside from serving as the lifeline of Pennsylvania commerce, the rail industry employed thousands of hard-working Pennsylvanians as engineers, operators, mechanics, and railyard workers. Many employees were immigrants or first- and second-generation Americans whose parents and grandparents left England, Ireland, Germany, or Eastern Europe in search of opportunity and prosperity. Working for the railroad was not always easy or pleasant. Pennsylvania railroad employees toiled through the high times and economic growth of the Industrial Revolution; endured the bitter clashes between labor and management; and witnessed the decline of the rail industry as automobiles, highways, and other technological advances provided alternative modes of transportation. Today, thousands of railroad employees, retirees, and their families still live in Pennsylvania. Over the past year, I've heard from a great number of them in my district who are worried the railroad retirement system will be dismantled and their hard-earned benefits put at risk. Indeed, proposals to eliminate the Railroad Retirement Board have surfaced a number of times over the past several years. Most recently, Vice President Gore's National Performance Review recommended eliminating the Board and transferring its functions to other Federal agencies. Under the proposal, retirement benefits would be administered by the Social Security Administration, unemployment benefits would become the responsibility of State unemployment agencies, and sickness benefits would be managed by Medicare. While I wholeheartedly support the goals of Vice President Gore's National Performance Review to make Government work better and cost less, I fail to see any justification for dismantling the Board. I do not believe the proposal will increase Government efficiency or save the American taxpayers money. The Railroad Retirement Board was established in 1934 to protect the solvency of rail industry pension programs during the Great Depression. The Board oversees the railroad retirement system and its trust funds which are financed by payroll taxes levied on railroad employers and employees. Over the past 60 years, millions of railworkers have paid into the system with expectations of receiving retirement, sickness, disability, and survivor benefits when and if they are needed. Although the Clinton administration's intentions to eliminate Government waste may be genuine, its recommendation to dissolve the Board is misguided. Since the cost of the railroad retirement system is borne by the rail industry, elimination of the Railroad Retirement Board will not yield any savings for American taxpayers. Instead, dismantling the railroad retirement system may only make it more burdensome for railroad workers and their survivors to get the benefits they have paid for and need. Mr. Speaker, today I am introducing a resolution expressing the sense of the House of Representatives with respect to preserving the Railroad Retirement Board and the railroad retirement system. Realizing the 103d Congress will soon come to a close, I fully intend to reintroduce the measure at the beginning of the 104th Congress. Nevertheless, I encourage my colleagues to demonstrate their support for railroad workers and their families by joining me as a cosponsor of this resolution. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE242,1994-10-08,103,2,,,THE HONORABLE TOM LEWIS,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Carlos J. Moorhead"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] THE HONORABLE TOM LEWIS ______ speech of HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD of california in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I would like to join my colleagues in saying ``Thank You'' and ``Goodbye'' to our good friend from Florida, Congressman Tom Lewis. Representative Lewis first came to the House in 1982. He retires today after more than a decade of distinguished service, which followed an equally distinguished period of service in the Florida House and Senate. Mr. Speaker, the House of Representatives will be less for the loss of Tom Lewis. He was a gentleman; a contributor; a friend and supporter. I wish him the very best. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE243,1994-10-08,103,2,,,HONORING REPRESENTATIVE DEAN GALLO,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Romano L. Mazzoli"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] HONORING REPRESENTATIVE DEAN GALLO ______ speech of HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI of kentucky in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, it is a honor for me to join the many other Members, from both sides of the aisle, paying tribute to Representative Dean Gallo, our friend and colleague. Dean Gallo, first elected to New Jersey's 11th Congressional District in 1985, has served as a constant voice for the small businesses of New Jersey, and has insured that resources and financial backing are available to small businesses. Dean himself a real estate agent, understands the needs of small businesses and, through his work on the House Small Business Committee, has strengthened and expanded the Small Business Association, which, at the time of Dean's arrival to the Congress in 1985, was threatened with extinction. His efforts in Washington have not gone unnoticed. In 1989, Dean Gallo was awarded the New Jersey Small Business Development Center's excellence award. Furthermore, he is a five-time recipient of the Guardian of Small Business Award, and a five-time recipient of the Spirit of Enterprise Award from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. Throughout Dean Gallo's career in public service, beginning in 1968 as a member of the Parsippany-Troy Hills Township Council, he has been a champion of small businesses, and has understood that today's larger corporations and all businesses were once small businesses. Dean has spearheaded the effort in Congress to increase exports and expand our international trade routes, most recently in dealing with the European Community. As a member of the House Appropriations Committee, Dean Gallo helped to increase Export-Import Bank funding from $500 million to $750 million. Under the circumstances of Dean's retirement, he should know that my prayers are with him and his family for a full and speedy recovery. May God bless you, Dean." CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE25,1994-10-08,103,2,,,MARIO PAVONE,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Herbert C. Klein"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] MARIO PAVONE ______ HON. HERB KLEIN of new jersey in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. KLEIN. Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleasure to rise today and pay tribute to Mario Pavone, an admired member of the Nutley Italian- American Civic Association. On October 9, Mr. Pavone will be honored as Nutley's Grand Marshall in the 12th Annual Belleville-Nutley Columbus Day Festivities. Mr. Pavone was born in Acri, Italy in 1926. Since the moment he arrived in 1954, Mr. Pavone has continually proven himself to be a caring and compassionate individual. He started his barber shop in 1960 and developed close ties in Nutley through the Sons of Italy organization. In 1973, Mr. Pavone became a founding member of the Italian-American Civic Association, and currently serves as the organization's Treasurer. The 1987 recipient of the Dr. Matia Outstanding Citizen Award, Mr. Pavone's philanthropic nature is well-known throughout the community. He has over and over expressed compassion and selflessness through numerous donations to charities. I ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating Mr. Mario Pavone as Nutley's Grand Marshall for this year's parade. I would also like to join the citizens of Nutley in noting his years of service to the community. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE26,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO GREGORY F. COUPE AND THOMAS A. GUILBAULT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Jack Reed"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO GREGORY F. COUPE AND THOMAS A. GUILBAULT ______ HON. JACK REED of rhode island in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to salute two distinguished young men from Rhode Island who have attained the rank of Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America. They are Gregory F. Coupe and Thomas A. Guilbault of Troop 44 in Glocester, Rhode Island and they are honored this week for their noteworthy achievement. Not every young American who joins the Boy Scouts earns the prestigious Eagle Scout Award. In fact, only 2.5 percent of all Boy Scouts do. To earn the award, a Boy Scout must fulfill requirements in the areas of leadership, service, and outdoor skills. He must earn 21 Merit Badges, eleven of which are required from areas such as Citizenship in the Community, Citizenship in the Nation, Citizenship in the World, Safety, Environmental Science, and First Aid. As he progresses through the Boy Scout ranks, a Scout must demonstrate participation in increasingly more responsible service projects. He must also demonstrate leadership skills by holding one or more specific youth leadership positions in his patrol and/or troop. These young men have distinguished themselves in accordance with these criteria. For their Eagle Scout project, Gregory made and cleared a trail through the Sprague Farm Land Trust and Thomas marked the new trail with appropriate signs. Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my colleagues to join me in saluting Eagle Scouts Gregory F. Coupe and Thomas A. Guilbault. In turn, we must duly recognize the Boy Scouts of America for establishing the Eagle Scout Award and the strenuous criteria its aspirants must meet. This program has through its 84 years honed and enhanced the leadership skills and commitment to public service of many outstanding Americans, two dozen of whom now serve in the House. It is may sincere belief that Gregory F. Coupe and Thomas A. Guilbault will continue their public service and in so doing will further distinguish themselves and consequently better their community. I join friends, colleagues, and family who this week salute them. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE27,1994-10-08,103,2,,,A SPECIAL ANNIVERSARY FOR MR. AND MRS. FITCH,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Joseph M. McDade"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A SPECIAL ANNIVERSARY FOR MR. AND MRS. FITCH ______ HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE of pennsylvania in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. McDADE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to call to the attention of my colleagues a very special anniversary for a wonderful couple, Robert and Florence Fitch of Canton, Pennsylvania, in my district. Mr. and Mrs. Fitch will celebrate their 80th Wedding Anniversary on December 5. Robert and Florence Fitch raised seven fine children, and are the grandparents of 19, great-grandparents of 15, and great-great- grandparents of two. They have lived in their current home for the past 67 years, and are known as good neighbors to people of Canton and Bradford County. Robert Fitch will celebrate his 100th birthday in January, 1995, and Florence Fitch is presently 96. Their marriage of eight decades serves as an example to all of the strong bond between wife and husband. The love they share is an inspiration to the four generations of the Fitch family and to their community. I ask my colleagues to join me in extending our best wishes for good health and happiness to Robert and Florence Fitch and their loved ones on the occasion of their 80th anniversary. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE28,1994-10-08,103,2,,,A VICTORY FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Michael Andrews"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A VICTORY FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION ______ HON. MICHAEL A. ANDREWS of texas in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. ANDREWS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, last week the Walt Disney Co. announced its intention to withdraw its proposal for a $650 million theme park and real estate development adjacent to the Manassas National Battlefield Park. I am extremely pleased with Disney's decision, for I believe it shows great responsibility and respect for the historic northern Piedmont area of Virginia, and I commend the company on its courage to make the right choice. Mr. Speaker, I also want to take this time to applaud the efforts of the many individuals and organizations who participated in the effort to persuade Disney to find a more appropriate location, one that will not destroy lands of such historical significance. I also want to reiterate that my efforts to oppose the location of the proposed theme park were never anti-Disney. It is certainly Disney's right to construct an American history park. The battle I fought was to preserve historic lands. There is more American history in the northern Piedmont area than any other place in the United States. It is also home to two of the gems of our National Park System, Manassas National Battlefield Park and Shenandoah National Park. It simply would have been a travesty to locate such a massive development in this area. Today, Mr. Speaker, our forefathers that settled this area and made history there--great figures like George Washington, James Madison, James Monroe, Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson--would find the heart of Virginia much as they left it. Although the area has seen development, for the most part it has been thoughtfully progressive and mindful of the historic and aesthetic significance of the region. It is a special place that includes 38 historic districts and 32 Civil War battlefields. This is an area where our Nation was forged from the early days of the American Revolution through the Civil War. It is also home to two of the most precious gems of our National Park System: Manassas National Battlefield Park and Shenandoah National Park. The impact to these parks under Disney's proposal would have been devastating. The Manassas National Battlefield Park and Shenandoah National Park are the property of all Americans, not solely for the people of Virginia; no more than Mount Rushmore belongs only to the people of South Dakota or the Grand Canyon to the citizens of Arizona. They are public lands that belong to all Americans. That is why I felt the Federal Government, and the U.S. Congress, has an important role to play in this matter, and that is why I introduced a concurrent resolution opposing the proposed site of the development and calling for an alternative site to be chosen. This victory is one for all Americans. Our Nation's history is a full and proud one which has served to strengthen our democratic ideals. The significant struggles that mark our history remind us of what others have endured to preserve and maintain those ideals, and they charge us with the same task. Once National Parks and historic lands are destroyed, they cannot be rebuilt. To turn a blind eye to devastation of such lands would have been to turn a blind eye on the history of our great country. Mr. Speaker, this battle was won because of the tremendous groundswell of support for the cause of preservation. During the past few months, almost every major newspaper and well-known columnist has written on this issue. I believe that the following piece, from The New York Times, provides an appropriate final opinion on the fight to preserve the historic Piedmont area, and I ask unanimous consent that it be placed in the Record immediately following my statement. [From the New York Times, Sept. 30, 1994] Disney Retreats at Bull Run Historians, writers and ordinary citizens won a victory for the national heritage on Wednesday. The Walt Disney Company abandoned the most irresponsible idea ever hatched in the Magic Kingdom and decided not to build a theme park near the Manassas Battlefield in Prince William County, Virginia. More than the fate of the battlefields of Manassas, or Bull Run, was involved, ``Disney's America'' would have flooded one of America's most historic and scenic regions, including the nearby Shenandoah National Park, with traffic and tacky development. In response to the threat to these national treasures, a large, articulate coalition defeated one of the country's richest corporations and its boosters in Virginia's Statehouse and Legislature. The Walt Disney Company had recently won two important battles. The county's planning board had agreed to the necessary rezoning for the project, and the regional transportation panel had approved $130 million in road improvements. But the company concluded that the outrage generated by the proposed project would mar Disney's image. It was a wise decision, but a tardy one, given the scale and stature of the opposition. There may have been other factors. Power struggles at the top of the company have dented its confidence. EuroDisney, its Paris project, has been a huge miscalculation. The last thing Disney needed was a bruising and protracted public relations battle against the nation's most respected writers and thinkers on the Civil War. Disney did not expect such a struggle. Gov. George Allen was on their side and a mindlessly generous Legislature was willing to pay millions in development expenses. What they did not reckon with was the passionate nationwide outcry that carried a clear message. The Manassas country-side is not Virginia's to sell. It belongs to the nation. Congress now needs to pass legislation designating a new kind of preservation area--the National Historic Region--that would enable it to control development in areas that are precious to the nation. Along with proving the power of organized, articulate opposition to a bad idea, the intellectuals, environmentalists, preservationists and ordinary citizens who fought the project proved something else. Michael Eisner, Disney's chairman, argued that Americans were ignorant about their history and needed Disney-style fun to teach them. As the historian David McCullough has pointed out, this episode has shown that Americans do know their history and care about ground made sacred by what occurred there. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE29,1994-10-08,103,2,,,CODE OF CONDUCT FOR U.S. BUSINESSES IN CHINA: NEW LEGISLATION INTRODUCED,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Tom Lantos"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] CODE OF CONDUCT FOR U.S. BUSINESSES IN CHINA: NEW LEGISLATION INTRODUCED ______ HON. TOM LANTOS of california in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, with President Clinton's decision last May to renew MFN for China and to cease the linkage between China's human rights performance and United States trade benefits, a turbulent issue in United States foreign policy has supposedly been laid to rest. I suggest to you, however, that it has merely been side-tracked. It will come back to haunt us because the Chinese regime has no intention of tolerating any independent political activity and continues to suppress brutally all attempts at freedom of expression, assembly, or worship. Indeed, in recent months both Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International have offered ample documentation of deteriorating human rights conditions in China. Yet opponents of the linkage policy insist that trade provides an avenue for constructive engagement with repressive regimes. They cite the Asian miracle as proof that over the long-run, China's economic development will foster political liberalization. In China, however, the long-run appears to be very long. Thus, the country with the world's fastest growing GNP, also runs a massive forced labor camp system, in comparison to which the Soviet Gulag pales. Change will come eventually, but can that allow us to be complacent in the face of enormous agony and suffering today and for the foreseeable future? Mr. Speaker, let's be honest about the trade-as-the-vehicle-of-change argument, and acknowledge that it lacks credibility in the case of China. More persuasive is the pragmatic concern raised by the business community: since the Europeans and Japanese are unwilling to condition trade with China on human rights, why should the United States disadvantage itself by doing so unilaterally? This is a serious issue, and it ultimately swayed the President. But I disagree with the President because I don't think that helping the PLA to modernize its weaponry and to boost its arms sales to rogue regimes is in the interest of the United States. It seems to me that we have allowed short-term commercial gain to blind us to long-term, fundamental security concerns. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE3,1994-10-08,103,2,,,HONORING AN ESTEEMED PUBLIC SERVANT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Tim Roemer"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] HONORING AN ESTEEMED PUBLIC SERVANT ______ HON. TIM ROEMER of indiana in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today as the session closes on a bittersweet note. One of the most valuable people in my organization will take his leave soon to pursue further professional goals and ideals. Bernie Toon, my chief of staff, will soon take an important position in the U.S. Senate and will be leaving huge shoes to fill in my Washington office. But he also leaves behind an outstanding record of achievement for the people of the Third District of Indiana, who have come to know, respect, and love him for his administrative talents, legislative skill, and his warm and caring personality. Bernie Toon is that rate chief of staff who commands not only the respect and admiration of the staff, but also earns their fondness and loyalty as well. He is able to bring out superior performance while always maintaining pleasant demeanor. In short, he is a leader. Known as ``Ray'' to his family, Bernie is a native Hoosier. He served ably before coming to my office as an aide in the Senate, at the Pentagon, and for the House Intelligence Committee. He is remembered fairly and fondly by the many people with whom he has worked. His personal style and professionalism will be missed, yet I know he will serve in a superior capacity in his new position. It has been my extreme pleasure to have watched him develop and grow in running my operation, and although we will miss him, it is with great pride and admiration that I watch him take on this new and deserved challenge. It is a tribute to my staff that Bernie moves on to continue to serve the public and the country. Mr. Speaker, my wife Sally and I, along with the entire Roemer organization, wish Bernie and his wife Tracy the very best in the future, and though we are sad to lose such talent, we know we have in Bernard R. Toon the very best kind of friend, for life. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE30,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO KEN BURNS,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""William H. Zeliff Jr."", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO KEN BURNS ______ HON. WILLIAM H. ZELIFF, JR. of new hampshire in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. ZELIFF. Mr. Speaker, there is nothing in this world that can compare to an autumn in New Hampshire. The warmth of summer has begun to fade and a cool brisk wind whistles through the clear New England sky reminding all that winter is surely on its way. But before the leaves fall and the first snow blankets the countryside, one eagerly anticipated event must occur--the World Series. Like the fall itself, baseball's World Series comes and passes each year, invoking the glorious memories of seasons past. However, for the first time in this century, the national pastime's greatest series will not arrive with the cool winds and changing foliage. While the cancellation of the fall classic has darkened the spirits of the entire country, one man has restored in the Nation a sense of nostalgia and hope for the future. Ken Burns' most recent accomplishment, ``Baseball'' is a tribute to not only the game of baseball, but also to the people of America. ``Baseball'' traces the evolution of the game, from its early roots in the 19th century, through the depression and World War II, culminating with the 1980's and a glimpse towards the future. All the while, ``Baseball'' demonstrates the remarkable relationship between a game and its country. However, I did not rise today to only pay tribute to a documentary. I rise to recognize Ken Burns. A resident of Walpole, NH, Ken Burns has written, produced and directed two historic television series, ``Baseball'' and ``The Civil War.'' These landmark documentaries are ranked among the most watched events in PBS' history and are a testament to the talents of their author. Ken Burns has been honored with more than 40 major film and television awards, including two Emmy Awards, two Grammy Awards, and the Lincoln Prize. Also listed among his accomplishments are two Oscar nominations. I am certain that this list will continue to grow. Baseball may be gone for the year, but Ken Burns has helped resurrect the spirit that accompanies the waning days of the year when the boys of summer fight for the opportunity to pay the fall classic. On behalf of New Hampshire and the Nation, I want to thank Ken Burns for his efforts and wish him all the best in his future endeavors. But, as Secretary Brown's trip demonstrated, the United States business community is eager to pursue promising opportunities in China, and enhanced United States-Chinese commercial relations will no doubt greatly benefit both countries. However, in the mad dash to get a piece of the action, let's at least ensure that U.S. companies do not inadvertently contribute to the maintenance of the status quo. Mr. Speaker, many United States companies seem to believe it is axiomatic that the presence of Western business in China will help to usher in reform, but I have my doubts. The Western business community's ultimate value comes from their example, not their mere presence. They must adhere to internationally-recognized standards of labor law in order to be a catalyst for progress. But China's refusal to honor international labor standards plays a large part in creating the very environment that foreign business finds so attractive. For example, many Western companies are interested in transferring production to China because of its cheap labor costs. One reason labor costs are so low is the lack of OSHA protections. So, I wonder whether Western business will really want to uphold the health and safety regulations mandated by their own countries, as this would significantly raise the cost of doing business in China. Another reason for low wages is the absence of collective bargaining rights for workers. Of course, there are no rights in the Chinese workplace. Hence, although I applaud the American Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong for its recent endorsement of a general code of Business Principles, I find it disturbing that this code is silent on freedom of association and expression in the workplace. Without these two fundamental guarantees, any attempt to ensure fair treatment of workers is meaningless. Mr. Speaker, I, therefore, am introducing legislation with my distinguished colleagues Jolene Unsoeld of Washington and Nancy Pelosi of California that would require United States businesses operating in China to follow internationally-recognized labor standards. This Code of Conduct is not burdensome or unreasonable. It would require United States businesses to ensure that their Chinese contractors maintain reasonable working hours, ensure safe working conditions, pay fair wages, treat all workers equally, and allow worker organizations and assemblies. There would be no direct oversight of their compliance; rather, the companies would annually report to the Secretary of State on their adherence to the principles. If United States business truly wants to promote positive change in China, then adherence to this Code of Conduct offers a tangible way to implement that agenda without in any way harming United States competitiveness in the marketplace. Demonstrating that the United States corporate community really does believe that good ethics and good business go hand-in-hand would send an unmistakable signal to the Chinese Government and provide powerful support to Chinese workers. Mr. Speaker, I ask that the text of our legislation be placed in the Record. H.R.-- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES. (a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this Act to create principles governing the conduct of United States economic cooperation projects in the People's Republic of China and Tibet. (b) Principles.--It is the sense of the Congress that any United States economic cooperation project in the People's Republic of China or Tibet should adhere to the following principles: (1) Suspend the use of all goods, wares, articles, and merchandise that are mined, produced, or manufactured, in whole or in part, by convict labor or forced labor if there is reason to believe that the material or product is produced or manufactured by such convict or forced labor, and refuse to use forced labor in the project. (2) Seek to ensure that political or religious views, sex, ethnic or national background, involvement in political or labor activities or nonviolent demonstrations, or association with suspected or known dissidents will not prohibit hiring, lead to harassment, demotion, or dismissal, or in any way affect the status or terms of employment in the project. The United States parent company of the United States economic cooperation project should not discriminate in terms or conditions of employment in the project against persons with past records of arrests or internal exile for nonviolent protest or membership in unofficial organizations committed to nonviolence. (3) Ensure that methods of production used in the project to do not pose an unnecessary physical danger to workers and neighboring populations and property and that the project does not unnecessarily risk harm to the surrounding environment, and consult with community leaders regarding environmental protection with respect to the project. (4) Strive to use business enterprises that are not controlled by the Government of the People's Republic of China or its authorized agents and departments as potential partners in the project. (5) Prohibit any military presence on the premises of the project. (6) Undertake to promote freedom of association and assembly among the employees of the project. The United States economic cooperation project should protest any infringement by the Government of the People's Republic of China of these freedoms to the appropriate authorities of that Government and to the International Labor Organization, which has an office in Beijing. (7) Use every possible channel of communication with the Government of the People's Republic of China to urge that Government to disclose publicly a complete list of all those individuals arrested since March 1989, to end incommunicado detention and torture, and to provide international observers access to all places of detention in the People's Republic of China and Tibet and to trials of prisoners arrested in connection with the pro-democracy events of April through June of 1989 and the pro-democracy demonstrations which have taken place in Tibet since 1787. (8) Discourage or undertake to prevent compulsory political indoctrination programs from taking place on the premises of the operations of the project. (9) Promote freedom of expression, including the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any media. To this end, the United States economic cooperation project should raise with appropriate authorities of the Government of People's Republic of China concerns about restrictions on importation of foreign publications. (c) Promotion of Principles by Other Nations.--The Secretary shall forward a copy of the principles set forth in subsection (b) to the member nations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and encourage them to promote principles similar to these principles. SEC. 2 REGISTRATION REQUIREMENT. (a) In General.--Each United States parent company conducting a United States economic cooperation project in the People's Republic of China or Tibet shall register with the Secretary and indicate whether such company agrees to implement the principles set forth in section 1(b). No fee shall be required for registration under this subsection. (b) Effective Date.--The registration requirement of subsection (a) shall take effect 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 3. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. (a) Report.--Each United States parent company conducting a United States economic cooperation project in the People's Republic of China or Tibet shall report to the Secretary describing such company's adherence to the principles. Such company shall submit a completed reporting form furnished by the Secretary. The first report shall be submitted not later than 1 year after the date on which the national registers under section 2 and not later than the end of each 1-year period occurring thereafter. (b) Review of Report.--The Secretary shall review each report submitted under subsection (a) and determine whether the United States parent company submitting the report is adhering to the principles. The Secretary may request additional information from the United States parent company and other sources to verify the information contained in the report submitted by the company. (c) Annual Report.--The Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress and to the Secretariat of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development describing the level of adherence to the principles by United States parent companies subject to the reporting requirement of subsection (a). This report shall be submitted not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act and not later than the end of each 1-year period occurring thereafter. SEC. 4. EXPORT MARKETING SUPPORT. (a) Support.--A Federal agency may intercede with a foreign government or foreign national regarding export marketing activity in the People's Republic of China or Tibet on behalf of a United States parent company subject to the reporting requirements of section 3(a) only if that company adheres to the principles. (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act. SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Act-- (1) the terms ``adhere to the principles'', ``adhering to the principles'' and ``adherence to the principles'' mean-- (A) agreeing to implement the principles set forth in section 1(b); (B) implementing those principles by taking good faith measures with respect to each such principle; and (C) reporting accurately to the Secretary on the measures taken to implement those principles; (2) the term ``intercede with a foreign government or foreign national'' includes any contact by an officer or employee of the United States with officials of any foreign government or foreign national involving or contemplating any effort to assist in selling a good, service, or technology in the People's Republic of China or Tibet, except that such term does not include multilateral or bilateral government- to-government trade negotiations intended to resolve trade issues which may affect United States parent companies who do not adhere to the principles; (3) the term ``organized under the laws of the United States'' means organized under the laws of the United States, any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or any other territory or possession of the United States; (4) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of State; (5) the term ``United States economic cooperation project'' means-- (A) an equity joint venture, a cooperative joint venture, or a wholly foreign-owned enterprise established under the laws of the People's Republic of China, in which-- (i) a corporation, partnership, wholly-owned subsidiary, or other business association organized under the laws of the United States is an investor, or (ii) a corporation, partnership, or other business association organized under the laws of a country other than the United States or under the laws of a territory or possession of a country other than the United States, which is wholly owned by a corporation, partnership, or other business association organized under the laws of the United States, is an investor, and which employs more than 50 individuals in the People's Republic of China or Tibet; or (B) a branch office or representative office-- (i) of a corporation, partnership, wholly-owned subsidiary, or other business association organized under the laws of the United States, or (ii) of a corporation, partnership or other business association organized under the laws of a country other than the United States or under the laws of a territory or possession of a country other than the United States, which is wholly owned by a corporation, partnership, or other business association organized under the laws of the United States, which employs more than 25 employees in the People's Republic of China or Tibet; and (6) the term ``United States parent company'' means a corporation, partnership, or other business association organized under the laws of the United States which is-- (A) the direct investor in a United States economic corporation project as described in paragraph (5)(A)(i), or the sole owner of the investor in a United States economic cooperation project as described in paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or (B) the registrant in the People's Republic of China of a branch office or a representative office as described in paragraph (5)(B)(i), or the sole owner of the registrant of a branch office or representative office as described in paragraph (5)(B)(ii). ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE31,1994-10-08,103,2,,,AID ASSOCIATION FOR LUTHERANS: NEIGHBOR HELPING NEIGHBOR,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""James A. Barcia"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] AID ASSOCIATION FOR LUTHERANS: NEIGHBOR HELPING NEIGHBOR ______ HON. JAMES A. BARCIA of michigan in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. BARCIA of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, in this time of budgetary difficulty that limits what assistance the Federal Government can provide to people in need, it is both encouraging and heart-warming to learn of organizations like the Aid Association for Lutherans. This ninety-two-year-old organization through its nearly 8,600 branches and 1.6 million members, in its own words, concentrates on a wide range of charitable, educational, social, benevolent, fraternal and patriotic programs. With over 112,000 members in Michigan, the AAL is one of the most important support groups in our State. Its efforts on behalf of the victims of the terrible flood that moved through the Midwest last year were vital to their sense of survival. The $3.5 million provided through AAL's Helping Hands program provided much more than its mere monetary value--it provided hope and reassurance to people who saw their lives being shredded by nature's fury. The work performed by the AAL volunteers who came to the flooded communities demonstrated that hands-on assistance is so very meaningful to people in their time of need. Similar assistance was also provided to the victims of Hurricane Andrew, who were the beneficiaries of the opportunities for friendship created by that natural disaster. Mr. Speaker, according to reports prepared by the Aid Association for Lutherans, over 3.5 million hours of work was provided by AAL members and their friends on behalf of the many projects that were undertaken. Helping people pay their bills, get to the grocery store, building a wheelchair ramp at the church, landscaping and other seemingly simple but vitally important acts of kindness were performed by AAL members. People constantly ask what has happened to the American spirit. Whatever happened to neighbor helping neighbor? Doesn't anyone care enough to lend a hand? All of these questions are so fully, graciously, and beautifully answered by the work done by the Aid Association for Lutherans. It will be my privilege to be with many Michigan members later this month at their annual dinner. It is my hope that I can come away with a portion of the inspiration that guides these wonderful people in acts that we should each take more time to perform. Our world can be a better place if we emulate people who care, people who give of themselves, and people who know how to give thanks through their own deeds--the members of the Aid Association for Lutherans. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE32,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO CHAIRMAN WILLIAM FORD,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Marge Roukema"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO CHAIRMAN WILLIAM FORD ______ HON. MARGE ROUKEMA of new jersey in the house of representatives Thursday, October 6, 1994 Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to retiring chairman of our Committee on Education and Labor--the gentleman from Michigan, William Ford. Any observer of the Committee on Education and Labor knows that Bill Ford and I have never been philosophical soulmates. In fact, we have been on opposite sides of more issues than we both care to remember-- our plant closing law, the striker replacement proposal and the Direct Loan Program that soon will bear his name, to name just a few. But the same dedication and passion that made Bill Ford the most formidable of legislative foes, also made him a most valuable ally. I was proud to fight by his side for the landmark Family and Medical Leave Act, for a tough and effective Higher Education Act and against proposals to establish experimental school choice programs. His mastery of this institution is well known. Chairman Ford has always been a skillful strategist, a meticulous vote-counter, and an articulate advocate for his positions. Mr. Speaker, mine is not the first tribute to Chairman Ford, and certainly will not be the last. After 30 years of congressional and community service, he is deserving of all of them. However, when the speeches are over and the accolades stop flowing, the many legacies of Bill Ford will endure. His lifelong dedication to improving education and the lot of working Americans will stand in lasting tribute to his intelligence, his tenacity, and his character. Mr. Speaker, this Congress and this Nation are better for having been served by William Ford, the gentleman from Michigan. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE33,1994-10-08,103,2,,,IN RECOGNITION OF U.S. REP. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Frank R. Wolf"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN RECOGNITION OF U.S. REP. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY ______ HON. FRANK R. WOLF of virginia in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure for me to join with my colleagues in recognizing the outstanding service to Congress and our nation of my friend and colleague, Helen Delich Bentley. For the last 10 years, Helen has been the beloved representative for Maryland's 2nd District, which stretches all the way from southeastern Baltimore County, near the Port of Baltimore, to the northern borders of Maryland, near the Delaware and Pennsylvania borders. Needles to say, her constituency is diverse and varied; nevertheless Helen has earned the respect and admiration of her constituents, who have re- elected her the last three times impressively with over 65 percent of the vote. As a Representative from the neighboring State of Virginia, in addition to being a friend of Helen's, I know first-hand how hard Helen has worked on behalf of her district and our nation. She came to the House in 1984 following her service as the Chairwoman of the Federal Maritime Commission, which at that time made her the highest-ranking woman in the Federal Government. As many of you know, the City of Baltimore is a dynamic and exciting city, ranging from the Inner harbor to Oriole Park at Camden yards; from Little Italy to Fells Point. One of Baltimore's biggest industries and landmarks, however, is the Port of Baltimore, and Helen has worked tirelessly to promote this port and protect its workers. This has included her work for dredging at the Port of Baltimore to accommodate more ships and helping to settle labor-management disputes at the Port. Her expertise and dedication on this issue will be missed. Everyone in this body who knows Helen, more importantly, knows of Helen's integrity and steadfastness. Helen will never quit in the face of adversity; Helen will never run for cover when she believes she is right on an issue. Of course, this is different that the art of compromise. Helen has had great success working in a bipartisan manner to reach objectives helpful to her district and the country. However, Helen is as committed a member of this House as you will find. Helen and I may not have agreed on every issue, although we certainly agree on most. However, I have the greatest respect for Helen's honesty and devotion--when Helen Bentley says she will work on something for you, she will be by your side through good and bad. Her presence and ability will be greatly missed, and it is a pleasure for me in wishing Helen, her husband William and her family all the best as she begins her retirement. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE34,1994-10-08,103,2,,,IN HONOR OF REP. HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Cliff Stearns"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN HONOR OF REP. HELEN BENTLEY ______ HON. CLIFF STEARNS of florida in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in honor of our colleague, the Honorable Helen Delich Bentley, who will be leaving the House after many fine years of service. I know that many of her colleagues are joining me in honoring Helen Bentley for the outstanding job she has done in representing the people of Maryland's Second Congressional District. Indeed, Helen has been a tireless advocate for the people of the Baltimore area. She has always had the best interests of the working- class people of her district at heart. Helen Bentley has never backed down from a challenge. She has been a selfless, hard-working defender for the people of Maryland and indeed, America and her workers. Helen Bentley is as tough as nails, but I know she has a heart of gold. She is forceful and passionate, but caring and thoughtful. You always know where she stands. She has been, and I am sure, will continue to be a leader on issues important to all working Americans. Helen Bentley will be sorely missed in the people's House, and I want her to know that her shoes will be very tough to fill. Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my colleagues to join me in praising Helen Delich Bentley for her years of outstanding service to the House of Representatives, and in wishing her the best in the years that lie ahead. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE35,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Susan Molinari"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY ______ HON. SUSAN MOLINARI of new york in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, I rise to say farewell and pay tribute to our colleague, Helen Bentley. I had the honor of serving with her on the Public Works and Transportation Committee for 2 years. Helen used her position on the Committee to focus on and improve the infrastructure of her district. There, as well as on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries and Appropriations Committees, she has pushed tirelessly to improve Baltimore's port and to strengthen America's merchant marine fleet. As a representative of a maritime district very similar to Helen's, I have deep respect for her fervor in defending manufacturing and maritime industries--industries that are suffering due to years of neglect. We will all miss Helen and the causes she so ably supported will need a new champion. Though another champion like Helen will be hard to come by, I think fifty or sixty of us might be able to try and compensate for her departure. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE36,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Marcy Kaptur"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY HON. MARCY KAPTUR of ohio in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, at the end of the 103d Congress, the House of Representatives will lose an extraordinary colleague, a remarkable woman and a very treasured friend, Congresswoman Helen Delich Bentley. I rise in tribute to this distinguished Congresswoman, a Congresswoman known for her independent thinking and fierce dedication to the representation of the people--the people of her 2d congressional district, the people of Maryland and the people of the United States of America. A woman who for years was ahead of her time, Mrs. Bentley started her career as a newspaper reporter, a field that in 1945 was dominated by men. As a reporter on the Baltimore Sun the waterfront was one of her primary beats, an area that was rarely frequented by women. But, the lack of a female presence in her field did not prove an obstacle to Mrs. Bentley. Fearlessly and relentlessly, she faced the challenge and ultimately earned the title of ``expert'' in the field of maritime issues. In recognition of her expertise, in 1969, Mrs. Bentley was bestowed the extraordinary honor of being the first woman to be appointed by a President to head a regulatory agency as well as the honor of being the first woman to hold the position of Chairman of the Maritime Commission. As Chair of the Maritime Commission, Mrs. Bentley protected the American shipping fleet and the interests of the American people and economy while simultaneously earning the respect and admiration of the international maritime community--which by no means was an easy feat. Mrs. Bentley's many successes are attributable to her courage in the face of criticism, her keen intelligence, her ability to think clearly on her feet, her contagious enthusiasm and her boundless amount of energy. These same attributes have served her well in her five terms as Congresswoman for the Second Congressional District of Maryland. Mrs. Bentley, known endearingly as the ``Fighting Lady,'' a straight shooter, a doer, has spent her entire congressional career fighting for the working people of our Nation. She has been a tireless advocate on behalf of fair trade and has fought to keep high paying jobs from moving offshore. Mrs. Bentley has been quoted as saying that ``I am a great believer that God looks over you.'' May God continue to look over Mrs. Bentley as she begins the next exciting chapter of her life--one which will surely include helping the working people of our Nation. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE37,1994-10-08,103,2,,,A TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Benjamin A. Gilman"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY ______ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN of new york in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is my privilege to join our colleagues in paying tribute to the gentlelady from Maryland, Mrs. Helen Delich Bentley. I remember Mrs. Bentley's first election to the Congress in 1984, because her reputation preceded her: a reputation as a no-nonsense, get things done individual, which was earned during her numerous careers as a successful businesswoman, newspaper reporter and editor, and Chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission. Helen Bentley's mark on this chamber will not be soon forgotten. Her service on the Appropriations Committee, especially on the Subcommittee on Labor, Health & Human Services, and Education, as well as on the Subcommittee on Military Construction, established her reputation as an easily accessible as well as a highly knowledgeable colleague. Quite often, when a Member of Congress retires, we are hard pressed to find a suitable way to memorialize that Member. This is not the case with Helen Delich Bentley: her memorial is and remains the harbor in the City of Baltimore. Once, Helen told an interviewer, ``I feel like the mother of modern Baltimore.'' This was an entirely apt self- description: even before coming to the Congress, Helen was working hard to modernize and dredge the harbor. Today, Baltimore Harbor is not only one of the busiest ports anywhere in the world, it is also now recognized as a major tourist and business attraction. This development owes more to Helen Delich Bentley than to anyone else. Mr. Speaker, I invite all of our colleagues to join me in saluting Helen Delich Bentley, and extending our best wishes to her and her husband William, with hopes for a long, healthy, happy and productive retirement. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE38,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Romano L. Mazzoli"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE HELEN BENTLEY ______ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI of kentucky in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to join my fellow colleagues in honoring Representative Helen Bentley. As a ``retiree'' myself, Helen and I are experiencing the same happy- sad reaction to the end of the session and to the end of our careers as Members of Congress. Although I have been here for a few years longer than Helen, the effects of leaving will be the same for both of us. Helen Bentley has served the great people of Maryland's Second Congressional District with devotion and integrity. She has been a tireless voice for the maritime and shipping industries of Maryland. As Chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission, Helen led the way to increasing the U.S. merchant marine fleet and expanding the port of Baltimore. She has continued her dedication to maritime issues through her work on the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Helen Bentley has also championed efforts to reduce U.S. dependability of foreign goods through aggressive ``Buy American'' campaigns, sponsoring legislation requiring the federal government to purchase goods from U.S. companies. As we both start this new phase of life away from Congress, I wish for Helen all the happiness life has to offer. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE39,1994-10-08,103,2,,,A TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""William O. Lipinski"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] A TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY ______ HON. WILLIAM O. LIPINSKI of illinois in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I have had the privilege of serving with Helen Bentley for the past 10 years as a fellow Member of the House of Representatives and the past two years we have served together as colleagues on the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine. I can confidently say that Helen is the strongest advocate for the maritime industry I have met in my tenure as the Chairman of the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine. She has dedicated her life to the support of maritime issues, from her days as a maritime reporter for the Baltimore Sun, as Chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission--(the highest ranking woman in the Federal Government at that time)--and as an active member of the Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee. Helen has been a great mentor to me. I admire her hard hitting questioning of witnesses, her expertise and her common sense approach to government. I hope Helen will remain a part of the Maritime community. Her unwavering dedication to the U.S. Merchant Marine is unparalleled. She truly has been the conscience of merchant marine committee--she will be missed. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE4,1994-10-08,103,2,,,THE U.S. CUSTOMS SERVICE--A GOOD REORGANIZATION,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""J. J. Pickle"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] THE U.S. CUSTOMS SERVICE--A GOOD REORGANIZATION ______ HON. J.J. PICKLE of texas in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, I am submitting today for the Record a copy of the recent Washington Post article on reorganization of the U.S. Customs Service and a copy of a letter I recently received from Customs Commission Weise which describes the agency's plans in more detail. Briefly, the reorganization plan will eliminate its 7 regional and 45 district/area offices as management layers, and will assign the employees to a nearby port or other Customs facilities. Also, the plan would reduce headquarters staffing by approximately one-third, moving those employees closer to the port level. Customs will not reduce services or personnel at any of its ports of entry. Customs also would reduce the number of Special Agent in Charge [SAC] offices from the existing 27 to 20 and establish 5 Strategic Trade Centers to identify and attack major trade enforcement issues facing the U.S. Customs entered into this plan with the cooperation and support of the Customs employees union. Reorganization of Customs is long overdue and we should all welcome the Commissioner's efforts. The Ways and Means Oversight Subcommittee has investigated Customs operations for as long as I have been subcommittee chairman, and coordinated our findings with the Subcommittee on Trade. For decades, Customs operated in a world of ``good old boy'' networks, ineffective enforcement strategies, and layers of management which stifled efficiency and focus. Allegations of wrongdoing within the agency plagued Customs and little was being done to address the situation. Part of the problem, I believe, was that Customs wasn't accountable to anyone at Treasury or in the Congress. In 1988, the subcommittee initiated a top to bottom review and investigation of Customs. As a result, the subcommittee issued a report titled, ``Abuse and Mismanagement in U.S. Customs Operations.'' This 1990 report contained 16 findings and 57 administrative recommendations for change. The subcommittee found that: Customs' commercial services had deteriorated and its systems were seriously flawed; management decisions were made without supporting data or analysis; Customs' accounting controls were in total disarray, including evidence of lost money from duty collections and seized property auctions; and, abuse existed in the handling of employee complaints and management of inspector overtime pay. Since the subcommittee's report, most of the subcommittee's recommendations were implemented by Customs. Further, legislation adopted by the Congress in NAFTA contained the Customs Modernization Act provisions which allows for electronic processing of Customs transactions, and provides for uniform treatment of imports across ports. All of these administrative and legislative changes were critical to making Customs a first-class agency. Finally, the critical step required to bring Customs into the 21st century is the action Customs proposes in its reorganization plan. I applaud Commissioner Weise for his tenacity in taking on this tough issue and urge us all to support him. [From the Washington Post, Oct. 3, 1994] Customs Service Begins a Major, Reorganization: First Restructuring in 30 Years Shifts 600 Jobs to Field Offices (By Stephen Barr) The U.S. Customs Service, faulted in past years for failures in enforcing trade laws and curbing illegal imports, has embarked on a reorganization aimed at improving service at 301 ports of entry nationwide. The restructuring will move 600 headquarters positions to the field and eliminate the agency's seven regional and 45 district offices. Twenty Customs Management Centers will be created to help with internal administration, and five Strategic Trade Centers will be established to address international trade issues. ``We're looking at this as a reinvestment of resources,'' said Customs Commissioner George J. Weise, who notified Congress last Friday that the agency was ready to overhaul an organizational structure that has been in place for 30 years. ``The basic thrust of the reorganization is that we're going to put more people on the front lines doing customer work and have fewer people in administrative capacities and managerial capacities.'' Weise said. The Customs Service is part of the Treasury Department, and in announcing the reorganization. Treasury Secretary Lloyd Bentsen said the department ``recognizes the need to adjust our business practices in order to deliver improved services.'' Vice President Gore,who has supported efforts to streamline federal bureaucracies, said the Customs initiative ``serves as a guide for other government agencies to follow.'' Established in 1789 to collect tariffs and duties, the Customs Service has always been an important source of revenue for the government. In 1993, it collected $21.5 billion, second only to the Internal Revenue Service. Besides collecting tariffs and inspecting imports, the Customs Service also processes about 448 million people who arrive in the United States each year by car, ship or plane. Customs employs about 18,000 people, with a staff of about 1,800 at its Washington headquarters. The headquarters reorganization will begin immediately, with the field restructuring to begin a year from now, said Weise, a former staff director of the House Ways and Means trade subcommittee. Planning for the reorganization began last year under the direction of Deputy Customs Commissioner Michael H. Lane. Lane's task force included officials from Customs, the Immigration and Naturalization Service and representatives from the National Treasury Employees Union (NTEU). The task force met with groups from trade and shipping industries. Customs was ``not a sick or ailing agency,'' Weise said, but in need of change. The agency had been criticized in Congress and by the General Accounting Office for poor management practices, including lax handling of seized drugs and weapons, he said. Gore's ``reinventing government'' report and budget constraints added to the impetus for change, he said. Larger issues--such as the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the conclusion of the Uruguay Round of trade talks under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)--also will provide challenges for the Customs Services, according to the agency's reorganization report, ``People, Processes and Partnerships.'' To address major trade issues, Weise said Customs would create Strategic Trade Centers in Los Angeles, Dallas-Fort Worth, Chicago, Miami and New York. Miami, for example, would specialize in Caribbean and South American issues, while the Los Angeles office would develop expertise on the new economic powers along the so-called Pacific Rim. Up to 20 employees with experience in inspection, imports, intelligence and computers will staff each center. The staff at the trade centers ``will step back from our day-to-day work,'' Weise said. ``We have traditionally attempted to deal with trade problems on a case-by-case, transaction-by-transaction basis, as we try to catch violators. What this will do is try to deal with some of our more difficult trade problems * * * [and] come up with a more strategic approach to carrying out more effectively our commercial trade responsibilities.'' The trade centers, Weise said, will deal with old issues like trade fraud in textiles and new issues like the protection of intellectual property rights. But the biggest changes will hit the agency's mid- management and senior ranks, as Customs eliminates regional and district offices, Weise said. Regional commissioners and their deputies will move to new jobs, some with less status or prestige. When the reorganization is finished in about three years, tentative projections show that 800 to 1,400 positions will be shifted to the Nation's ports. ``The fundamental building block of this is that we are going to maintain and enhance all 300 ports of entry where we serve the public today * * * where people enter the country themselves or bring merchandise through. That's where we want to deliver our service,'' Weise said. Under the reorganization, port directors will be granted expanded authority to make decisions. Ten assistant commissioners will provide oversight of Customs operations, with a new assistant commissioner for field operations expected to provide strong leadership in the agency. The 20 Customs Management Centers--ranging from San Diego to Boston, from San Juan to Detroit--will provide administrative support for the ports, with each center employing only 15 to 20 people. Baltimore has been designated as the home for the mid-Atlantic management center. ``It's a reorganization that has been done right from the beginning,'' said NTEU President Robert M. Tobias. ``It was started without preconceptions and a focus on the mission of the Customs Service * * * I think this conceivably is a win for everybody.'' ____ The Commissioner of Customs, Washington, DC, September 30, 1994. Hon. J.J. Pickle, House of Representatives, Washington, DC. Dear Congressman Pickle: Today, I am proud to provide you with the Customs Reorganization Plan Report, ``People, Processes and Partnerships.'' The Treasury Department and the Vice President's National Performance Review have endorsed this plan. I trust that you will also find it to be an excellent concept which embodies the spirit and substance of the Administration's National Performance Review (NPR). It is a plan which will enable Customs to be one of the most effective, efficient and adaptable agencies in the Federal sector and better able to meet the challenges of the 21st century. Customs proposes to reorganize around its core business processes and to emphasize the needs of its customers. The focal point of the reorganization will be Customs 301 ports of entry--the operational field level. Under this reorganization plan, Customs will not reduce services or personnel at any of its ports of entry. Under this plan, Customs will not consolidate or close any of its ports. Customs will eliminate its 7 regional and 45 district/area offices as management layers, and will assign the employees of those offices to the port operation in the same location or to nearby ports or other Customs facilities. In this reorganization, Customs will do its utmost to keep its field employees in the locations where they are presently working. Although specific details of our reorganization are provided in the enclosed report, I would like to bring to your attention several key issues and concepts, which relate to our central theme ``People, Processes and Partnerships.'' Our relationship with the National Treasury Employees Union (NTEU), the legal representative of Customs employees, now also embodies the concepts of the NPR. Representatives of NTEU were members of the reorganization study team, and the union has expressed its support for the recommendations in the report. We believe it is essential that Customs management work together with NTEU to bring about the improvements to our work force that are needed to achieve our vision. I am pleased to advise you that on June 13, 1994, Customs entered into a partnership agreement with NTEU. We will build on this partnership during the implementation of the reorganization to minimize negative impact on our employees and to empower employees to make their maximum contributions to the mission and goals of the Customs Service. During the reorganization study, every effort was made to involve the trade community, industry, and other Government agencies. Their concerns and needs are incorporated in the report's recommendations. The report's recommendations have also incorporated the wisdom of experts from numerous outside sources whose advice and counsel we actively sought throughout our study process. The Brookings Institution, the Federal Quality Institute (FQI), and the National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) provided invaluable assistance during the effort. In order to improve our organizational alignment, we will reduce Headquarters staffing by approximately one-third, moving those employees closer to the port level, where possible. Headquarters will be restructured to include a Chief Operating Officer and new Assistant Commissioners with a renewed focus on core business processes. Our new organization will have only three levels instead of the existing four levels. This will be accomplished by eliminating the existing 7 regions and 45 district/area offices as management layers. In their place, we will establish 20 Customs Management Centers (CMC)--very small area field management entities, transparent to day-to-day port operations, performing internal oversight and support functions and providing administrative services to the ports. A list of the CMC locations is enclosed for your information. We will also reduce the number of Special Agent In Charge (SAC) offices from the existing 27 to 20. Where possible, the SAC offices will be collocated with the CMC's. In addition, we will establish five Strategic Trade Centers (STC) to identify and attack major trade enforcement issues facing the United States. A list of the STC locations is also enclosed for your information. We anticipate that the organizational restructuring contemplated under the reorganization will permit a more effective use of personnel and resources. For example, our strategy calls for the retraining and reallocation of approximately 600-750 positions from central control and administrative type offices to locations where our core services are provided. Of course, any final decisions about reinvestment of resources will be made by the President and the Congress. To improve the overall management of Customs, we will implement a method of managing the Customs Service through business processes. We will develop a portfolio of management tools and statistically based compliance measurement systems to support this new management approach. We will improve service and performance by identifying customer expectations and establishing customer service standards. This organization and its people have made vast contributions to almost every aspect of American life over the history of the Nation. The proposed reorganization is intended to ensure the continuation of that proud tradition and to even greater contributions in the future. Customs is available for briefings to provide further detail on our reorganization and our approach to implementation of process management. I ask your support to help Customs achieve our new vision and organizational realignment. Sincerely, George J.Weise, Commissioner. Enclosures. CUSTOMS MANAGEMENT CENTERS AND SPECIAL AGENT IN CHARGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Management area City ------------------------------------------------------------------------ North Atlantic...................................... Boston. New York............................................ New York. Mid Atlantic........................................ Baltimore. South Atlantic...................................... Atlanta. North Florida....................................... Tampa. South Florida....................................... Miami. Puerto Rico/Virgin Islands.......................... San Juan. Gulf................................................ New Orleans. East Texas.......................................... Houston. South Tezas......................................... Laredo. West Texas/New Mexico............................... El Paso. Arizona............................................. Tucson. Southern California................................. San Diego. South Pacific....................................... Los Angeles. Mid Pacific......................................... San Francisco. North Pacific....................................... Seattle. Great Plains........................................ Denver. Mid America......................................... Chicago. West Great Lakes.................................... Detroit. East Great Lakes.................................... Buffalo. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ STRATEGIC TRADE CENTER ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Trade area City ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pacific Rim......................................... Los Angeles. Mexico/Central America.............................. Dallas/Ft. Worth. Canada.............................................. Chicago. Caribbean/South America............................. Miami. Europe/Africa/Middle East........................... New York. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE40,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Philip M. Crane"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO HELEN BENTLEY ______ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE of illinois in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, a number of Members of this House of Representatives of the 103d Congress, for various reasons, will not be with us in the 104th Congress. And of that group, one who will be sorely missed is our colleague from Maryland, Helen Bentley. Helen will have spent a decade in this chamber when she casts her final vote this year. She will leave behind her a distinguished career, highlighted by her efforts as a member of the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries and the House Appropriations Committee. Her knowledge of maritime issues paid big dividends for her constituents in the port city of Baltimore. She will always be remembered as a fighter. Once she decided a cause was just, she dug in and did battle with the best of her colleagues-- and more times than not she was the victor. She was internationally known as one of this nation's leading experts on the maritime industry when she arrived in the House of Representatives. Her knowledge in the field led to her appointment as Chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission by President Richard Nixon. In the House, she earned a fine reputation not only on maritime issues, but also on fair trade practices and a strong national defense. This daughter of Serbian immigrant parents began her collegiate studies in her native state at the University of Nevada at Reno * * * continued it at night here in Washington at George Washington University * * * and completed her studies for a degree in journalism at the University of Missouri, graduating the same day her mother became a citizen of the United States almost 1,000 miles away in Ely, Nevada. Her determination to gain an education was often reflected in later years in her determination to fight for a just cause and to fight for her Maryland constituents. The congressional contributions and the friendship of Helen Bentley will long be remembered. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE41,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSWOMAN HELEN BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""James H. (Jimmy) Quillen"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSWOMAN HELEN BENTLEY ______ HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN of tennessee in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, of all of my colleagues who are leaving the House at the end of this Congress, I will miss none more than Helen Bentley, my good friend and distinguished Member of Congress from Maryland. Her dedication and patriotism are models that we can all strive to emulate, and her tenacity in the pursuit of what she believes to be right is second to none. I first knew of Helen when she chaired the Federal Maritime Commission under President Nixon. She gave the Commission strong leadership that it had not previously known. I remember vividly when Helen took the tanker Manhattan on a voyage through the Northwest Passage to prove that the icy waters were passable. Her passionate commitment to revitalizing the American maritime industry was evident then, as it has been evident ever since. Since her arrival in Congress in 1985, Helen Bentley has been a defender of American interests, American jobs, and America's place in the world. Many remember her use of a sledgehammer on a Japanese television to protest one company's hostile trading practices, and this is indicative of the zeal with which Helen pursues her goals. I have worked with her on maritime issues over the years, and she has been of invaluable help in getting things done. Her crusade against NAFTA, although unsuccessful, opened many eyes and made a lot of people think. With NAFTA then, just as with GATT now, Helen has turned her journalistic eye towards the issues and made us realize what the effect of these mammoth agreements might be on the working men and women of her district--and of others. The House will miss Helen Bentley's presence a great deal, but she will not be far away. I hope to continue to consult with her on maritime issues and other areas of concern, and I know that new opportunities will continue to come her way. Helen, please keep in touch, and thanks again for your service and your friendship. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE42,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO HELEN DELICH BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Barbara F. Vucanovich"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO HELEN DELICH BENTLEY ______ HON. BARBARA F. VUCANOVICH of nevada in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mrs. VUCANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, it is an honor for me to speak in recognition of my good friend and colleague who has been my friend for many years. This woman, Helen Delich Bentley, has represented her District, the Second District of Maryland, with energy and enthusiasm. Helen is not a typical Republican in many ways. She has battled for the American worker and is fiercely protectionist. She will long be remembered for smashing a sledgehammer on a T.V. set made by Toshiba, a company which exported secret products to the Soviets, as well as her Buy America slogans. Helen grew up in a Nevada mining town and has never forgotten her roots. Nevada still considers Helen one of her own. She is tough but tender; cares about her friends and family; and will be sorely missed by all of us in the 103d Congress. I know we have not heard the last from Helen Bentley. I hope not. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE43,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Jack Fields"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HELEN DELICH BENTLEY ______ HON. JACK FIELDS of texas in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. FIELDS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to one of the most energetic, tenacious, and delightful Members of Congress, my good friend, Helen Bentley. Since coming to the House in 1984, Helen has been the most outspoken advocate of the United States merchant marine since Wesley Jones, the father of the maritime Jones Act, served in Congress at the beginning of this Century. This House has benefitted immensely from her knowledge of America's maritime history and her efforts to preserve our merchant marine. Helen Bentley has been a staunch defender of our cargo preference laws--laws that were passed to support our commercial fleets. This diminutive lady from Baltimore has struck fear in the hearts of many Federal officials, including a few Admirals and Generals, who had failed to honor the letter and spirit of those laws. She has proven herself a very able, and persuasive legislator for America's maritime industries. More than once, Helen has marched across the aisle or across the Capitol to ``discuss'' issues with a Member or Senator who had a slightly different view of an issue than she did. Quite often after these ``discussions'', legislation proceeded representing the views of the gentlelady from Maryland. I will personally miss seeing her in action at a Committee meeting or on the floor of the House in defense of the merchant marine. That spirit--that level of understanding of our Federal laws--that energy will be impossible to replace. Mr. Speaker, this House is losing one of its most capable legislators. Fortunately, Helen has promised she will not be far away. I appreciate this opportunity to salute my dear friend and to commend her on a truly outstanding legislative career. I wish her God speed. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE44,1994-10-08,103,2,,,"IN HONOR OF ACADEMIC HIGH SCHOOL, RANKED AMONG NEW JERSEY'S BEST",HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Robert Menendez"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] IN HONOR OF ACADEMIC HIGH SCHOOL, RANKED AMONG NEW JERSEY'S BEST ______ HON. ROBERT MENENDEZ of new jersey in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today before the House of Representatives to pay tribute to Academic High School. This high school has continually been ranked one of the best public schools in the State of New Jersey, and recently has been ranked one of the top 21 best high schools in the State of New Jersey by New Jersey Monthly magazine. Academic High School was established in 1976 as a college preparatory public school for highly motivated students. Academic maintains an ethnically diverse population of 30 percent African-American, 30 percent Caucasian, 30 percent Hispanic and 10 percent of other ethnicities. Prospective students must undergo a highly selective screening process. This process is based on the student's elementary school performance, standardized tests, recommendations, attendance and participation in extracurricular activities. With a student-teacher ratio of 15:1, every student's individual academic needs can be addressed. The faculty shows a great deal of dedication to their work. This is exemplified by the fact that 51.9 percent of the teachers hold master's degrees, which is well above the State average. Academic High School has also gone out of their way to become accredited by the Middle States Association, which is an accomplishment worthy of being recognized. The students of Academic High School have consistently dominated the Hudson County Science Fair and in 1993 they were awarded five of the eight gold medals. Academic students have won trips to the International Science Fair in six of its seven annual competitions. Academic students have distinguished themselves by qualifying as National Merit Semifinalists as well as attending the Governor's Schools and St. Peter's College Summer Scholars Program. Students have also been recognized by receiving the New York Times Young Citizen Award and placing first in the Kiwanis/Key Club Essay Contest. With achievements such as these it is not surprising that 96.9 percent of the graduates go on to attend 4-year colleges, including the most competitive colleges, such as Harvard, Yale, MIT, and Cornell. Urban education has reached a time of crisis and Academic High School has proven that public schools can overcome this and achieve great success. I am proud to have a school in my district that can be looked upon as a model for other schools to follow in the hopes that they too can achieve the level of excellence that Academic High School has worked so hard to maintain. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE45,1994-10-08,103,2,,,TRIBUTE TO RON DE LUGO,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Eni F. H. Faleomavaega"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO RON DE LUGO ______ HON. ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA of american samoa in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, earlier this year, Congressman Ron de Lugo, chairman of Natural Resources Subcommittee on Insular Affairs, announced his retirement from the House of Representatives. I have known Ron for 20 years, and have worked closely with him for 6 years now as a Member of Congress. I want to give my highest praise to this Member for his work in support of the U.S. Virgin Islands, all U.S. territories, and in fact, for all of the United States as well. Chairman de Lugo's career in public service spans 40 years. Among the highlights of his career are: In 1956, he was elected as the youngest member of the Virgin Islands Legislature. He was elected to be the first seated delegate from the Virgin Islands to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1972, and has held that position in every Congress since then, except one. He was elected by his Democratic colleagues as a subcommittee chairman in 1987, and has been reelected to that position in every Congress since that time. Mr. Speaker, Ron often mentions the difference in the consideration he is afforded now as opposed to when he first came to this Chamber in 1968. He rightfully attributes the acknowledgement he now receives to the other Members of this body, for unlike the Representatives from the States, whose rights and obligations are defined by the U.S. Constitution, we delegates exist by authority of Federal law, and the privileges to which we are entitled are determined by the Rules of the House. What Ron is too modest to say, but I will say for him, is that if the Members of this body did not find the delegates worthy of the responsibilities they have afforded us, we would not be where we are today. As the senior delegate from the territories, he is the only delegate who has been here to fight for the rights and privileges we currently enjoy, and a great deal of the credit for the successes the delegates and the territories have achieved over the past 20 years should be given to Ron de Lugo. Mr. Speaker, much has happened to the benefit of the U.S. territories since the time Ron de Lugo began his tenure in Congress. He has played an active role in all those changes, and I want to take this opportunity to publicly thank and commend his for his lifetime of service to the United States and the U.S. territories. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE46,1994-10-08,103,2,,,"GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONY OF BETH CHAVERIM, VIRGINIA BEACH, VA",HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Owen B. Pickett"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONY OF BETH CHAVERIM, VIRGINIA BEACH, VA ______ HON. OWEN B. PICKETT of virginia in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. PICKETT. Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure I share with my distinguished colleagues the comments of Rabbi Israel Zoberman at the Groundbreaking Ceremony of Beth Chaverim, the Reform Jewish Congregation of Virginia Beach, VA, held September 18, 1994. Our God, Our Guide, Our Glory, Cherished Friends and Distinguished Guests, ``Indeed, this is the beautiful day the Lord has made for us, let us rejoice in it.'' Our cup of joy runneth over as we have gathered at this sacred season on our land of promise, this field of dreams, to give thanks for having reached a historic milestone. This significant celebration has been made possible through the heroic spirit of our beloved Beth Chaverim that has grown from a few visionary and courageous souls, 12 years ago, to a proud congregation of about 250 family units. We are here due to the steadfast and zealous labor of love of its members along with the extraordinary welcome and generosity of the remarkable Church of the Ascension that has been our loving home for the past 9 years, allowing us to flourish. The unique and incredible interfaith drama which since 1986 is the only such between Catholics and Jews anywhere, has received local, national, and international attention, adding to the noble cause of shalom in a changing world. I remain the grateful rabbi of 1,300 Catholic families, an increase of 500 since our arrival. Father Bill Dale watched over us so very devotedly all this time and Father Jim Parke, who replaced him recently, continues so tenderly to befriend us. Thank you Bishop Sullivan, who wanted but could not be with us today, for all you have meant to us. What an understanding landlord we have in you. We pledge not to forget a kindness that comes from deep within the heart. Together we shall build upon our common bond, allies in the divine pursuit to create a better world, offering the gift of healing, wholeness and harmony. Standing before you in awe and trembling is the son of the saved remnant of European Jewry, born in Kazakhstan to Polish Holocaust survivors, living his tender years in a German Displaced Persons Camp and proudly raised in the State of Israel, our Zion restored. I confess to my profound conviction that the God of our martyred people led met to be the founding rabbi of a new synagogue in a generation that has witnessed both our people's demise and rebirth. Beth Chaverim was led into the heart of our beloved city of Virginia Beach to grow with it on these precious American shores of freedom and hope for humanity. It is good to be in a friendly neighborhood. All we seek is to be a blessing; unto ourselves and unto the gracious Jewish and general community of Hampton Roads. Without Jennifer, my faithful helpmate for 25 years, and our children Rachel and Harel, I would'nt have come thus far. ``We praise You O Lord our God, master of the universe, who has kept us alive, has sustained and enabled us to reach this miraculous occasion.'' Let us say Amen. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE47,1994-10-08,103,2,,,WHAT REALLY KILLED HEALTH CARE REFORM THIS YEAR?,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""Philip M. Crane"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] WHAT REALLY KILLED HEALTH CARE REFORM THIS YEAR? ______ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE of illinois in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, history may remember the 103d Congress for the attention that was given to the issue of health care reform. Despite all of the debate that took place, however, health care reform legislation will not be brought to the House floor for consideration before adjournment. As my colleagues consider the reasons for the downfall of health care reform this year and prepare to revisit the issue in the next Congress, I urge them to read the following editorial which recently appeared in a newspaper that circulates in my district in Illinois The News-Sun. I agree with the editorial's observation about the public's rejection of President Clinton's big government approach to health care reform and urge my colleagues to take a closer look at the free market alternatives that have been proposed. Lessons in failure At Issue: The failed exercise in health reform should show the way to President Clinton and Democratic congressional leaders. George Mitchell's bitter pronouncement that there will be no health reform this year illustrates one reason that the effort to remake one-seventh of the U.S. economy was doomed from the start: He made a partisan issue of it. Health reform died, the Senate majority leader declared, because the Republicans killed it. This files in the face of political reality. Democrats enjoy a 56-44 majority in the Senate and a lopsided 256-178 edge in the House. If Democrats had fallen in line behind either President Clinton's health reform plan or Mitchell's scaled-down plan or Rep. Richard Gephardt's alternative plan, they could have passed a health bill this year. Mitchell claims Republicans have an effective veto in the Senate, even though they constitute a minority. Yet, while it is true the Democrats would have had to muster 60 votes to overcome a Republican filibuster, Mitchell could not raise even 51 votes for his or any other plan. Senate Minority Leader Bob Dole was quite right when he said, ``The Republicans didn't kill health care. The American people did.'' Poll after poll after poll showed that, after a thorough public debate, most Americans did not look favorably upon the reforms put forward by either the White House or Democratic leaders in Congress. They didn't like the idea of the government injecting itself into the health care system. They were understandably wary of any plan that would put the government between them and their doctors. And that's precisely what the Clinton-Gephardt-Mitchell plans would have done. All would have limited a patient's choices in doctors and hospitals. All would have imposed a one-size-fits-all basic health plan. And all would have required massive new taxes. The Democratic approach gave short shrift to the fact that 85 percent of Americans had health insurance. Instead their proposals, which placed a priority on universal coverage were directed primarily toward the 15 percent of Americans who lack health insurance for some period or another. The White House also ignored the fact that 80 percent of Americans are satisfied with the medical coverage provided by their insurance. Instead, the administration, decided to depict the insurance industry as greedy concerns that brought the health care system, in Hillary Clinton's words, ``to the brink of bankruptcy. Finally, Clinton-Gephardt-Mitchell conveniently overlooked the fact that 75 percent of Americans are happy with the quality of care they receive. The death of health reform is a textbook example of how misbegotten public policy can go awry in the face of popular opposition. If President Clinton and Democratic congressional leaders have learned anything from this failed exercise, perhaps they will work with Republicans next year to craft a far less intrusive health reform plan that most Americans can support. ____________________" CREC-1994-10-08-pt1-PgE48,1994-10-08,103,2,,,ACTION NEEDED IN KASHMIR,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,FRONTMATTER,E,E,"[{""name"": ""James H. Bilbray"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,140 Cong. Rec. E,"Congressional Record, Volume 140 Issue 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994) [Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 146 (Saturday, October 8, 1994)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov] [Congressional Record: October 8, 1994] From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] ACTION NEEDED IN KASHMIR ______ HON. JAMES H. BILBRAY of nevada in the house of representatives Friday, October 7, 1994 Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to bring to my fellow Members' attention, a matter of grave international concern that has unfortunately gone largely unnoticed as we tangle with the thorny issues of Haiti and Bosnia. I speak of the continued conflict between Pakistan and India over Kashmir. For too long the people of Kashmir have continued to be deprived the right to self determination. Through occupation and intimidation, the region has been denied the most basic right to determine its own future and destiny. This conflict has not only hurt the people of Kasmir, but has also led to a particularly delicate and dangerous standoff between India and Pakistan. This conflict has not only disastrous possibilities for these two countries, but could destabilize a region that is becoming more intricately economically connected to the United States' national interest. Because of other ongoing situations, the Kashmir conflict has become largely forgotten, although it remains as heated and as dangerous as any in the world. It is imperative that the leaders of Pakistan and India show the moral courage necessary to settle this conflict and to restabilize not only the lives of the people of Kashmir but of the whole region. In order to encourage this outcome, I call on Chairman Ackerman's Foreign Affairs Subcommittee to hold hearings on this issue, exploring both the views of India and Pakistan and possible resolutions to the conflict. In addition, it is imperative that the United Nations show the kind of leadership necessary to steer toward a peaceful outcome of the Kashmir questions. I encourage all my colleagues to join me in bringing attention to Kashmir and in supporting a peaceful and equitable resolution to the conflict. ____________________"