granule_id,date,congress,session,volume,issue,title,chamber,granule_class,sub_granule_class,page_start,page_end,speakers,bills,citation,full_text CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS740,2026-03-02,119,2,,,ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. TOMORROW,SENATE,SENATE,ADJOURNMENT,S740,S740,,,172 Cong. Rec. S740,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S740] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. TOMORROW The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senate stands adjourned until 10 a.m. tomorrow. Thereupon, the Senate, at 7:16 p.m., adjourned until Tuesday, March 3, 2026, at 10 a.m. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS740-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,NOMINATIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SNOMINATIONS,S740,S740,,,172 Cong. Rec. S740,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S740] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] NOMINATIONS Executive nominations received by the Senate: NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION BRADFORD PENTONY WILSON, OF NEW JERSEY, TO BE ARCHIVIST OF THE UNITED STATES, VICE COLLEEN JOY SHOGAN. THE JUDICIARY SHERIA AKINS CLARKE, OF SOUTH CAROLINA, TO BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF SOUTH CAROLINA, VICE ROBERT BRYAN HARWELL, RETIRED. JEFFREY M. KUHLMAN, OF KANSAS, TO BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF KANSAS, VICE ERIC F. MELGREN, RETIRED. KATHLEEN S. LANE, OF MONTANA, TO BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF MONTANA, VICE SUSAN P. WATTERS, RETIRING. ANTHONY W. MATTIVI, OF KANSAS, TO BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF KANSAS, VICE DANIEL D. CRABTREE, RETIRED. ANTHONY J. POWELL, OF KANSAS, TO BE UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT OF KANSAS, VICE JULIE A. ROBINSON, RETIRED. EVAN RIKHYE, OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS, TO BE JUDGE FOR THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS FOR A TERM OF TEN YEARS, VICE WILMA ANTOINETTE LEWIS, TERM EXPIRED. JUSTIN D. SMITH, OF MISSOURI, TO BE UNITED STATES CIRCUIT JUDGE FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT, VICE WILLIAM DUANE BENTON, RETIRING. KARA MARIE WESTERCAMP, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE A JUDGE OF THE UNITED STATES COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE, VICE STEPHEN A. VADEN, RESIGNED. UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE JEFFREY BRODSKY, OF FLORIDA, TO BE A GOVERNOR OF THE UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE FOR A TERM EXPIRING DECEMBER 8, 2029, VICE WILLIAM ZOLLARS, TERM EXPIRED. DEPARTMENT OF STATE ADAM CASSADY, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE AMBASSADOR AT LARGE FOR CYBERSPACE AND DIGITAL POLICY, VICE NATHANIEL FICK, RESIGNED. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY KAVEH FARZAD, OF MARYLAND, TO BE AN ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF ENERGY (INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS), VICE ANDREW EILPERIN LIGHT, RESIGNED. UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE WILLIAM GALLO, OF FLORIDA, TO BE A GOVERNOR OF THE UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE FOR A TERM EXPIRING DECEMBER 8, 2030, VICE ANTON GEORGE HAJJAR, TERM EXPIRED. DEPARTMENT OF STATE PRESTON WELLS GRIFFITH III, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE VIENNA OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS , WITH THE RANK OF AMBASSADOR. PRESTON WELLS GRIFFITH III, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, WITH THE RANK OF AMBASSADOR. YEOUK KIM, OF TEXAS, TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS, WITH THE RANK AND STATUS OF AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION JAMES O'NEILL, OF TEXAS, TO BE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR A TERM OF SIX YEARS, VICE SETHURAMAN PANCHANATHAN. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE KENNETH SORENSON, OF HAWAII, TO BE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY FOR THE DISTRICT OF HAWAII FOR THE TERM OF FOUR YEARS, VICE CLARE E. CONNORS, TERM EXPIRED. UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE ROBERT STEFFENS, OF TEXAS, TO BE A GOVERNOR OF THE UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE FOR A TERM EXPIRING DECEMBER 8, 2032, VICE ROBERT M. DUNCAN, TERM EXPIRED. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE JOHNSON TEEHEE II, OF OKLAHOMA, TO BE UNITED STATES MARSHAL FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF OKLAHOMA FOR THE TERM OF FOUR YEARS, VICE KERRY LEE PETTINGILL, TERM EXPIRED." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS739,2026-03-02,119,2,,,WAR POWERS RESOLUTION,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S739,S740,"[{""name"": ""Peter Welch"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S739,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S739-S740] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] WAR POWERS RESOLUTION Mr. WELCH. Mr. President, we must act. The President has made a decision unilaterally without consultation of Congress to start yet another war in the Middle East. It is a reckless decision that is very detrimental to the well-being of our country and very threatening to the Constitution. There are three issues that are absolutely essential to consider by this Congress. First of all, No. 1, America does not want this war. And I trust the American people. The reason America does not want this war is they have seen it before. They saw it in Iraq where the justification was weapons of mass destruction. They saw it in Afghanistan where the justification was getting rid of the Taliban. They saw it in Libya where the justification was getting rid of Qadhafi. In each case--Saddam, Qadhafi, the Taliban--yes, they were evil people doing bad things--but what was a lie to the American people, and they saw, was that there were no weapons of mass destruction. The Taliban is now back in power after 20 years of war, and the chaos that was sown in Libya lives with us to this day. America understands that it is easy for a President to assert he wants to go to war. He is the Commander in Chief. He can do it, as he has done in this case, by bypassing Congress. But what the American people have seen is that it is easy to start a war, but the consequences and the costs are not avoidable, and they have been very damaging to the well-being of the people of this country; they have been very damaging to our prosperity; and, of course, they have caused immense loss of life of our wonderful soldiers and men and women in uniform. The American people get it. No. 2, we cannot, under our Constitution, go to war on the basis of a decision by one man. The whole point in our Constitution of vesting war-making authority in the Congress was because our Founders saw how Kings abused their powers to go to war, how an autocrat abuses his power to unilaterally decide to go to war. A quote from Abraham Lincoln: The provision of the Constitution [that is, our Constitution] giving the war-making powers to Congress, was dictated . . . by the following reasons . . . Kings had always been involving and impoverishing their people in wars, pretending generally, if not always, that the good of the people was the object. This, our Convention understood [Lincoln said] to be the most oppressive of all Kingly oppression and they resolved to so frame the Constitution that no one man should hold the power of bringing this oppression upon us. Yet, in fact, that is exactly what is happening now. One man--Donald Trump--unilaterally decided to start this war. It is the same person, by the way, with--who as candidate Trump decried, and quite rightly, the rush to war. He decried especially wars of regime change as total failures. He decried the $7 trillion that was spent in Iraq and Afghanistan. So now, we have a new situation where the President woke up one day, announced he is going to war, and abandoned his America First commitment. What is clear here is this war is not necessary. Iran, the Ayatollah, the regime is a threat. We have been containing that threat. There were negotiations about their nuclear capabilities that were making significant progress. Don't forget that this administration is the one that tore up the agreement in the Obama administration where we had eyes on exactly what was happening in the Iran nuclear program and there was compliance. And we have substituted it with bluster and now, ultimately, this war of choice. This is a war that has been pushed hard by Prime Minister Netanyahu, who just before the war started was whispering in the ear of Donald Trump, and it is pretty clear that the President was persuaded by Netanyahu. The President should be more persuaded by the voices of the American people who have learned lessons of Iraq and Afghanistan and even going to back to Vietnam. The third reason Americans don't want this war is they want us in this Congress, in this administration, to focus on the needs of Americans. We have a situation in Vermont now that is similar to what people face all over this country. Healthcare is something that is out of reach for everyday Americans. That is absolutely essential. And you, yourself, and I and others did our level best to try to extend tax credits to working families and farmers and small businesses who depended on them to be able to continue to have healthcare. With the One Big Beautiful Bill, 15 million people are losing Medicaid access. What we are seeing is the acceleration of income inequality where people [[Page S740]] who work hard, oftentimes two jobs, who don't have more time in their life to even work more, at the end of the month can't pay their bills. And isn't it time that we focus on meeting the needs of Americans? Basic things like healthcare, like affordable housing, like childcare, things that make a family secure, things that make a community strong. There is absolutely no coherent rationale that the President has offered for the end game of this war against Iran. And there is absolutely no explanation from the President about why he has abandoned what he asserted was his longtime opposition to wars of regime change. And this is the question for all of us in this Chamber who serve in the U.S. Senate and who have responsibilities under the Constitution, specifically article I: Will this U.S. Senate allow a single man to plunge this Nation into war when it is our constitutional responsibility to make a decision as to whether to send our men and women into combat? That is our responsibility and vote, as all of us will. We cannot avoid our responsibility to vote, to stand and to be counted. Now, at the close, I want to say something that I know every single one of the Members of the Senate feels very strongly, and that is support for our men and women in uniform. We have brave members of the Vermont Guard that are serving right now, and I speak of my concern for them, their well-being, and their families. But I express that same strong sensibility toward every family who has a servicemember serving in this conflict, and I say that to every servicemember in the conflict: We support you. But, Mr. President, this is a wrong decision. You do not have the right to make this decision unilaterally. And I say to my colleagues in the Congress: We must stand up and do our job and meet our responsibility. And that is why I am a strong supporter of Senator Kaine and Senator Paul's War Powers Resolution. I yield the floor. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS738,2026-03-02,119,2,,,WAR POWERS RESOLUTION,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S738,S739,"[{""name"": ""Tammy Duckworth"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S738,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S738-S739] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] WAR POWERS RESOLUTION Ms. DUCKWORTH. Mr. President, I come here today to support Senator Kaine's War Powers Resolution. You know, I am proud of every mission that I completed in Iraq, but I would never wish another needless, endless, unjustified war like the one that I served in on anyone else. I wouldn't wish it on the heroes whose blood would be soaked into that desert sand. I would not wish it on their families, who would spend their days anxiously awaiting for news from half a world away. I wouldn't wish it on the American people, who are desperate for their President to focus on bringing their costs down here at home, not on starting new, expensive, forever wars continents away. So I am here today to keep a promise I first made two decades ago. I ran for Congress so that when the drums of war started beating once again, I would be in a position to make sure that our elected officials fully considered the true cost of the war not just in dollars and cents but in human lives as well. That was the vow I made to the troops I deployed with and to all those who have served since I hung up my uniform. Today, I am speaking here under this great Capitol dome to keep that most sacred promise because, sadly, right now, American servicemembers are already in harm's way 6,000 miles east in what could be yet another preventable war. These troops are ready to do their jobs no matter what, just as they have done time after time, tour after tour. So, to me, it is tragic that even as they prepare to do their jobs, our President and certain Members of this Chamber seem so ready to neglect their own. As we all know, on Saturday morning, without any known imminent threat to America or American interests, Donald Trump launched an illegal military campaign against Iran. Look, I want a democratic Iran, and I want to see the Iranian people free from the iron grip of its brutal, authoritarian regime, and I am not about to shed a tear for the Ayatollah's death. He was no friend of the United States' nor to his own people. He was responsible for the brutal murders of thousands of his own citizens in just the past few months alone. However, my first concern is always going to be the national security of the United States, and I am troubled because of the consequences that are sure to come because of Trump's actions. Our troops and Americans all around the world are at greater risk because Trump wanted to thump his chest and look like a tough guy on TV. For no real reason he can explain, Trump is marching us closer and closer to another costly, bloody, protracted conflict--a war without any defined end state and even without a concept of a plan for how to prevent the chaos and instability that will come next. Far from making America greater or better or stronger or whatever new adjective he is using this week, Trump's actions have made our Nation and our allies less safe. He has made them less secure. By continuing to strain our military with wars of choice, Trump is handing a gift to bad actors like Russia and the PRC, as his never- ending chaos makes it harder for our Armed Forces to focus on defending our critical interests in places like the Indo-Pacific. So, no, Trump's actions over the past 72 hours--or ever--haven't put America first; they have made the situation for America worse. The sad fact of the matter is that what we are facing today is in large part a manufactured crisis. Iran is no ally of ours. We have been adversaries since long before Trump took office. I have always condemned their proxy activity and ballistic missile program, and I certainly agree that they cannot be allowed to obtain a nuclear weapon. But we can't forget that Donald Trump is the one who pulled the United States out of the very deal that was limiting their weapons development program. Trump is the one who made sure Iran no longer had to play by the rules and curb their nuclear production. Trump and his inability to conduct foreign policy are what made today's nightmare a reality. His historical incompetence is what gave them the matchbox and the motivation to start a fire, and now he is angry that it is starting to catch. He is mad because they are doing the very things his actions encouraged them to do. It is circular logic which has already had fatal consequences--fatal for the six American heroes who have already lost their lives in this conflict and fatal for the hundreds of civilians who have already become the most horrible kind of collateral--moms and dads who this evening should be able to sit down and eat dinner with their little girl, who should be able to kiss their little boy goodnight, who should be able to go bed dreaming of a tomorrow that doesn't include missiles or misery. Now he has created a power vacuum in Iran, resulting in an unstable regime that is willing to do anything to hold on to power. Now he has created an open invitation for well-funded, organized terrorist groups to swoop in and snatch away any chance the Iranian people have for freedom and self-governance. War is always tragic, but when it is preventable, it is not just tragic but a travesty too. Trump wouldn't let himself be dragged by the bone spurs to serve in uniform when his country needed him, so how dare he try to drag us into yet another war of his choice today. But this draft dodger is too infatuated with maximum pressure to consider even minimum diplomacy. Once again, the Trump foreign policy doctrine has proven reckless, senseless, and dangerous--a doctrine in which fact and fiction are one and the same and one in which avarice outweighs advice every damn time. It is shameful--terrifying--that we have a Commander in Chief who seems to come to military decisions by virtue of temper tantrums and announces them via tweet, a President who doesn't seem to care if he keeps to the path of fire and fury that he has been treading; our own homeland will be in greater danger, more wounded warriors will be sent to Walter Reed, and more fallen heroes will be laid to rest in Arlington; a President who is so obsessed with being the tough guy, that he doesn't seem to give--well, doesn't seem to care; a President who is happy to squander the lives of our heroes for his own personal gain. Now, after this weekend, he has officially traded deterrence for instability and chaos and made us all less safe in the process-- Americans, certainly, but also our partners in the region and the Iranian people themselves, who did not ask for any of this; Iranian families who suffered decades under the Ayatollah's tyrannical iron grip and who, at long last, want to feel safe and secure. Look, Trump may have run to his podiatrist instead of running toward danger in Vietnam, but I actually know what it is like to leave your blood, your sweat--your limbs--in a war zone half a world away. So I know what is at stake for the thousands of troops this administration is getting ready to send into harm's way, and I can tell you this: It is a whole lot easier to cover your eyes and order other Americans to sacrifice if you don't have to sacrifice anything yourself. It is much easier to ignore the everyday realties of war from inside the hallowed halls of the White House, but it is nearly impossible if you have been outside the wire yourself. So as those drums of war echo louder than they have in years, I am here today because, despite what he thinks, Donald Trump does not have the authority to unilaterally force us into war. He may have never read the Constitution, but I have. So let me direct his attention to article I, which makes it clear that the President does not have the power to declare war; only Congress does. We are the ones tasked with deciding when and how Americans are sent into combat. We are the ones charged with that most solemn duty, yet Trump is acting also if article I simply doesn't exist, as if obeying the Constitution is optional, as if our founding document is a yellowing, crumbling piece of paper he can crumble up at will. Refusing to allow him to get away with this should not--must not--be a partisan issue. No matter if you are struggling to pay rent or your name is plastered in fake gold on a building on [[Page S739]] Fifth Avenue, no one can ignore the Constitution. No matter if you are a Mar-a-Lago worker pulling double shifts or the President of the United States, no one is above the law. Look, I believe there are certain solemn, urgent times when our military must be called upon to defend us. There are certain moments when the threat in question is significant and imminent, instances when military force is the most effective tool at hand and that using it is necessary to protect America and her interests. The thing is, from what little information Trump has shared publicly so far, this is not one of those times. But if the administration thinks I am wrong, then the floor is theirs. We are only a 20-minute walk from the White House. It is not that hard to find us here. We are the building with the big dome on top. If they actually believe that this war is justified, then they need to come to Congress and do their jobs, explaining their case and giving the American people a say through their elected representatives. They need to respect the American people enough to actually tell them why they are being forced to bear the costs of this conflict, both in dollars and cents and daughter and sons. The White House needs to respect our servicemembers enough to prove why war with Iran is worth turning more moms and dads into Gold Star parents. They need to prove that they have thought this through enough, then they can tell us what an end state in Iran would look like. Then, when their case has been made, when Congress' debate is done, we, in this Chamber, must vote. It is our duty; it is our burden; it is the least we can do for those willing to sacrifice everything to safeguard our democracy. But if the Trump administration refuses to do that, if they refuse to adhere to the first article of our Constitution, well then it begs the question: What are they hiding? This week, we will vote on Senator Kaine's War Powers Resolution, and I am well aware that many of my colleagues are claiming to have a difficult time deciding how to vote. To them, let me say this: We ask a lot of tough things of our troops and military families. Serving in a combat zone is hard. Hugging your husband or your wife, your father or your daughter, for the last time before they deploy, not knowing if you will ever see them again, that is hard. The least we can do here in return is ensure that we Senators take our duties as seriously as our military men and women do theirs. So to my Republican colleagues: Please, think about the fact that Trump cared so little about your beliefs on this matter that he willfully, illegally circumvented our Chamber entirely, preferring to sow chaos and fear, leaving Americans in a lurch and their elected representatives in the dark, choosing to start an unlawful war rather than simply ask for your expertise for your constitutionally mandated vote. And think about that Trump still has not been able to tell us of an imminent threat to American interests that would have actually required military action anywhere near this scale. And then after reflecting on all of that, all I am asking is that you vote for what you know is right. Moving forward, I will come back to the Chamber every afternoon, if necessary, to remind the Nation of the hard lessons learned the last time a President rashly sent our sons and daughters into another unjustified war in the Middle East, trying to ensure that this time we do right by our troops, trying to ensure that this time we actually fully, soberly consider the consequences of Washington's decisions on those who serve and their families. God bless each and every one of our troops in harm's way right now. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Moreno). The Senator from Vermont. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS737,2026-03-02,119,2,,,WAR POWERS RESOLUTION,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S737,S738,"[{""name"": ""Tammy Baldwin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S737,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S737-S738] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] WAR POWERS RESOLUTION Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. President, I rise today in strong support of my colleague from Virginia Senator Kaine's resolution prohibiting the United States from continuing this illegal war in Iran. I want to start with the basic premise that I think we can all agree on: We are here to represent the people of our States and their desires. Wisconsinites have been unequivocal that they do not want another foreign war. I agree with them, and for a while, it seemed Donald Trump did too. The President promised not to get into more foreign wars, but the President broke that promise and has gone all in on war with Iran. The consequences are dire. Six American servicemembers are now dead. My heart absolutely breaks for their parents, their siblings, their children, their spouses, and their communities. Thousands of Americans in uniform who are stationed in the region are at risk because of the President's reckless and illegal war. And what does the President have to say? He says that it is likely more Americans are going to die. He said that is just the way it is. He said that. The President's callous response shows his disregard for the men and women he is supposed to lead. Our Constitution is crystal clear: If our country is going to war, Congress needs to vote on it. In 2002, Congress debated the war in Iraq, and I opposed it. I believed the Bush administration dangerously underestimated the potential consequences and did not have a clear path forward after the initial military operation. I was right. As a result, thousands of brave service men and women died, taxpayers paid billions of dollars, and we got ourselves into a yearslong war in the Middle East. I have the same concerns today. I fully agree that Iran's regime is a dangerous and murderous one and can't be allowed to obtain a nuclear weapon, but how we deal with them and keep America safe matters. Diplomacy--the hard work of peacefully negotiating--is the answer, not war. That is exactly why I supported the 2015 deal that kept Iran from getting a nuclear weapon, but President Trump ripped that deal up and allowed Iran's nuclear program to flourish. Wisconsinites see exactly what this President is doing, and they do not support it. They want President Trump to live up to his promises and to address their kitchen-table issues and concerns, not pull our country into another foreign war. [[Page S738]] I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Illinois. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS736,2026-03-02,119,2,,,ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT,SENATE,SENATE,ADJOURNMENT,S736,S736,"[{""name"": ""John Thune"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S736,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S736] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, if there is no further business to come before the Senate, I ask that it stand adjourned under the previous order following the remarks of Senators Cruz, Baldwin, Van Hollen, Duckworth, and Welch. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Texas. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS736-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,WAR POWERS RESOLUTION,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S736,S737,"[{""name"": ""Chris Van Hollen"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S736,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S736-S737] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] WAR POWERS RESOLUTION Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. President, I rise today in support of Senator Kaine's War Powers Resolution to halt Donald Trump's unjustified, illegal, regime-change war against Iran. We have a lawless President who is shredding our Constitution and attacking our democracy right here at home. And that same lawlessness and recklessness has pervaded our foreign and national security policy, now putting American troops in harm's way in Donald Trump's war of choice. Let's not forget, colleagues, what Donald Trump and JD Vance promised the American people. Think back to all the times that they looked the American people in the eye and said they would not drag America into another war, especially another war in the Middle East. They said it over and over. They called themselves the ``pro-peace'' ticket. Vice President Vance wrote a Wall Street Journal op-ed in 2023 making the case for Trump's 2024 Presidential candidacy. The headline of his op-ed: ``Trump's Best Foreign Policy? Not starting Any Wars.'' That is what JD Vance promised would come from a Trump-Vance White House. The Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard sold ``No War with Iran'' shirts in 2020. Four years later, she declared: A vote for Donald Trump is a vote to end wars, not start them. That is our current Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard. Donald Trump even calls himself now ``the peacemaker'' and on election night in 2024, he said: I'm not going to start wars, I'm going to stop wars. That was Donald Trump at the end of his campaign repeating what he had said throughout his Presidential campaign. Well, they broke their promises. They lied directly to the American people. President Trump has already ordered more military strikes against more countries than any President in the modern era, including against countries that have never been targeted by the U.S. military. And now, Trump has launched an all-out illegal regime-change war of choice against Iran. Let's be clear: This is not a war to make us safer. What the President has done is to make the world less safe for Americans, and he has chosen to put American service men and women at risk for a war that he said he would never start; that he promised he would never start. As of today, we have lost six brave American servicemembers to this war. I pray for them and their families. They should still be with us today. In response to their deaths, President Trump said just yesterday that ``sadly, there will likely be more. . . . That's the way it is.'' That is how Donald Trump responds to American troops killed in this war of choice that he started. He said: That's [just] the way it is. Really, colleagues? We should not send our sons and daughters to fight and die. We should not spend billions of dollars of taxpayer money for a war that is not in our interests and has no end in sight. No one--no one--in the Trump administration, including the President, has made a credible argument why it is in America's interest to start a war against Iran. They haven't because there isn't. Donald Trump and his administration have spent the last 48 hours telling different reporters and news agencies a whole host of different objectives and a whole set of different timelines. One claim that has been thoroughly debunked was that Iran was going to strike America first. That is a lie. It is a proven lie. So now, Secretary of State Marco Rubio is spinning another version of this. He said we had to strike Iran first because Israel launched an attack on Iran. And here is his twisted logic. Israel was going to strike Iran, and, of course, we knew nothing about that, but we knew that if Israel struck Iran, that Iran would strike us, so we had to strike Iran first. The deception is deep, and it is sickening. This administration lied to the American people during the campaign before they were in office, and they are lying now. Another objective that has been cited was to end Iran's nuclear weapons capability. But we know that Iran does not have a nuclear weapons capability. That is also a lie. And, of course, we know that President Trump told the country that American and Israeli strikes last year had completely obliterated the Iranian nuclear weapons program. Remember that? And, of course, this is the President who in his first term, ripped up the agreement between the United States and Iran to prevent Iran from attaining nuclear weapons. We also know from the Omani intermediaries, including the Foreign Ministry of Oman, that Iran was willing to [[Page S737]] put much tighter restraints on any future possible nuclear enrichment programs. But apparently, the Trump administration had already decided to go to war. Another reason we heard from members of the administration--they are constantly shifting rationales--has been Iran's ballistic missile program. But Iran has zero missiles that can reach the United States. Not even close. None. So in yet another interview, Donald Trump said the aim is ``freedom for the Iranian people.'' In other words, regime change--regime change--the regime change he promised he would never undertake if he became President. Colleagues, we all know, every one of us, that the Iranian Government is a terrible regime, brutal to its own people, dangerous to the region. But we also learned from history that bombs don't turn dictatorships into democracies. And already, the Israeli and American strikes on Iran have produced mass civilian casualties. We have already seen reports of hospitals being bombed. In one strike alone, at least 175 civilians were killed at an elementary school, most of them schoolgirls, which has the hallmarks of a war crime. These killings should not be a surprise, especially when Secretary Hegseth said this morning that the operation would have ``no stupid rules of engagement.'' That is what the Secretary of Defense said-- anything goes. This is not a way to bring solidarity and support from the Iranian people. When we and the Israelis take out a country's leadership, we have no idea what will emerge next. In fact, back in 1953, the United States and the United Kingdom backed a coup against a democratically elected leader in Iran that enabled the Shah of Iran to consolidate power in the country. Some people thought that served American interests at the time. Instead, it became one of the primary drivers of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the creation of the Islamic Republic and its ideology. So beware what you ask for. Indeed, according to public reports, the CIA assessed that the most likely scenario if the Supreme Leader were killed was that more radical elements of the IRGC would take power in Iran. This does not advance America's interests in the region or the world. It will not make us safer. It will make the world less safe for America. And is it now the policy of the United States to go to war against every regime we hate? Colleagues, that is going to cost a lot of American lives and treasure. And that is presumably why Trump and Vance had previously been opposed to regime change and wars of choice. So beware what we ask for when we open up Pandora's box. Have we not learned the lessons of Iraq? The Iraq war cost the lives of 8,000 American soldiers and contractors. It cost trillions of dollars in taxpayer money. The war upended the region, killed hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians, and helped spawn ISIS. It was the worst U.S. foreign policy blunder in a generation. The big winner from the war in Iraq? Iran. Iran was the big winner. So now Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu says this war against Iran is something he has ``yearned to do for 40 years.'' Well, he got the war he wanted from Donald Trump. But there is a reason past Presidents have not started wars against Iran, and that is because they have refused to risk American lives and open Pandora's box for a regime change war when they had no idea how it would end. This war is rapidly turning into a conflict that we feared--a widespread, escalatory regional war with no end in sight. Iran has retaliated to U.S. and Israeli attacks by attacking U.S. assets and bases in every Arab country in the Persian Gulf, as well as targets in Israel, resulting in a further loss of lives. This includes drones and missile strikes on civilian infrastructure throughout the region. And just last night, Hezbollah joined the fray, launching missiles into Israel, prompting airstrikes from Israel into Beirut and across Lebanon. This is not ``America First,'' and we have no idea where it is going. What we do know is that the Framers of our Constitution never envisioned this to be allowed under our system of government. It is why the Framers, in our Constitution, gave Congress the power to declare war. They didn't want to give that power to one person. They didn't want to give that power to somebody like Donald Trump, who has said publicly that the only thing constraining his power is ``my own morality, my own mind.'' That is what Donald Trump has said. Colleagues in the Senate, you must understand that that is not what the Constitution requires. The Constitution requires Congress to act to declare war. So it is more important than ever that Congress stand up for the Constitution and that Congress insist that the President cannot continue these hostilities without approval from Congress. He shouldn't have started them without the approval of Congress. So the resolution before us asks a simple question: Do you support the Constitution of the United States and the role it gives to the U.S. Congress--that role to declare war? Do you believe that we, the people's elected representatives in the House and Senate, should have a voice in whether American lives--and specifically the lives of the members of our Nation's Armed Forces--are put at grave risk? Do you believe that this regime change war of choice that Donald Trump promised he would never launch serves American interests or makes our Nation safer? The American people do not want this war, and the Constitution entrusts the power to declare war with the U.S. Congress. Let's not surrender that responsibility. I urge my colleagues to support the War Powers Resolution and vote yes. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wisconsin. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS736-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,TEXAS INDEPENDENCE DAY,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S736,S736,"[{""name"": ""Ted Cruz"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S736,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S736] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] TEXAS INDEPENDENCE DAY Mr. CRUZ. Mr. President, today, Texans celebrate 190 years of independence. On March 2, 1836, Texans fought bravely for liberty and for independence from Mexico. Many heroes, including William Barret Travis, James Bowie, and Davy Crockett, laid down their lives for the future of the Lone Star State. It is a longstanding tradition on Texas Independence Day to read aloud the words of Colonel William Barret Travis, the leader of the besieged forces at the Alamo. His call for reinforcements reminds us of the bravery, resilience, and fortitude of those who fought and died for liberty. And today, I would like to take a moment to read his letter: To the people of Texas & All Americans in the World: Fellow citizens & compatriots--I am besieged, by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna--I have sustained a continual Bombardment & cannonade for 24 hours & have not lost a man. The enemy has demanded a surrender at discretion, otherwise, the garrison are to be put to the sword, if the fort is taken--I have answered the demand with a cannon shot, & our flag still waves proudly from the walls. I shall never surrender or retreat. Then, I call on you in the name of Liberty, of patriotism & everything dear to the American character, to come to our aid, with all dispatch--The enemy is receiving reinforcements daily & will no doubt increase to three or four thousand in four or five days. If this call is neglected, I am determined to sustain myself as long as possible & die like a soldier who never forgets what is due to his own honor & that of his country. Victory or Death. Signed, William Barret Travis. Texans are known for their resilience, work ethic, courage, and patriotism--qualities forged in sacrifice, sealed in blood, and handed down by the very man who gave everything for Texas independence. I would also like to note that Texas' founding father, the George Washington of Texas, Sam Houston, was born on March 2, 1793, and he later led the Texans to victory at the Battle of San Jacinto. He left behind an extraordinary legacy of leadership and sacrifice. I will close with words of wisdom that Sam Houston shared: Govern wisely and as little as possible. Today, as we remember the Alamo and the birth of the Republic of Texas, our own independent nation for 9 glorious years, we remember the tremendous bravery of men past, and we renew a promise for the future: a promise to defend liberty, a promise to stand firm in the face of adversity, and a promise that the spirit of victory or death will always live on in the Lone Star State. To every Texan, I wish you a proud and happy Texas Independence Day. God bless you. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Maryland. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS735,2026-03-02,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 625--DESIGNATING FEBRUARY 2026 AS ""HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE MONTH"" OR ""OLELO HAWAI'I MONTH""",SENATE,SENATE,DESIGNATING,S735,S735,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""625""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""625""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""625""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S735,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S735] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 625--DESIGNATING FEBRUARY 2026 AS ``HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE MONTH'' OR ``OLELO HAWAI'I MONTH'' Mr. SCHATZ (for himself and Ms. Hirono) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary: S. Res. 625 Whereas the Hawaiian language, or `Olelo Hawai`i-- (1) is the Native language of Native Hawaiians, the aboriginal, Indigenous people who-- (A) settled the Hawaiian archipelago as early as 2,000 years ago, over which they exercised sovereignty; and (B) over time, founded the Kingdom of Hawai`i; and (2) was once widely spoken by Native Hawaiians and non- Native Hawaiians throughout the Kingdom of Hawai`i, which held one of the highest literacy rates in the world prior to the illegal overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawai`i in 1893 and the establishment of the Republic of Hawai`i; Whereas the Republic of Hawai`i enacted a law in 1896 effectively banning school instructional use of `Olelo Hawai`i, a law that continued in effect over the generations- long territorial period; Whereas the Republic of Hawai`i banned the use of `Olelo Hawai`i to communicate and punished children for speaking `Olelo Hawai`i in schools and on the playground; Whereas parallel to the Federal efforts to eliminate Native American languages spoken by Indian Tribes, the ban on the use of `Olelo Hawai`i led to the near extinction of the Hawaiian language by the 1980s, when fewer than 50 fluent speakers under 18 years old remained; Whereas, since the 1960s, Native Hawaiians have led a grassroots revitalization of their Native language, launching a number of historic initiatives, including-- (1) the Hawaiian language course and degree programs through the University of Hawai`i system; (2) the statewide Hawaiian language immersion preschools created by the Native Hawaiian nonprofit `Aha Punana Leo, combining speakers and non-speakers in language nests; (3) the Hawai`i State Department of Education Hawaiian language immersion program developed from a base of `Aha Punana Leo graduates; and (4) the research conducted by the Hawaiian language college at the University of Hawai`i at Hilo relating to Indigenous language immersion teacher training, curriculum materials, and best practices, which allowed the State of Hawai`i to develop an integrated preschool through doctorate Hawaiian immersion program; Whereas the Hawaiian language revitalization movement inspired systemic Native language policy reform, including-- (1) the State of Hawai`i recognizing `Olelo Hawai`i as an official language in the Constitution of the State of Hawai`i through a majority vote of its Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian citizenry in 1978; (2) the State of Hawai`i removing the 90-year ban on teaching `Olelo Hawai`i in public and private schools in 1986; (3) the bipartisan enactment of the Native American Languages Act (25 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.) in 1990, which established the policy of the United States to preserve, protect, and promote the rights and freedom of Native Americans to use, practice, and develop Native American languages, including the Native Hawaiian language; and (4) the State of Hawai`i designating the month of February as `` `Olelo Hawai`i Month'' to celebrate and encourage the use of the Hawaiian language; Whereas the enactment of the Native American Language Resource Center Act of 2022 (20 U.S.C. 7457) in 2023-- (1) reconfirmed a Federal commitment to revitalizing Native American languages, including the Hawaiian language; and (2) resulted in the Department of Education awarding the Hawaiian language college at the University of Hawai`i at Hilo a 5-year grant to establish and lead the first National Native American Language Resource Center with State and Tribal college and university partners to support the revitalization of other Native American languages through expertise and best practices; and Whereas the enactment of numerous laws by Congress over many decades to promote education, Native American language revitalization, and cultural preservation recognizes and implements the special political and trust relationship with the Native Hawaiian Community: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) designates February 2026 as ``Hawaiian Language Month'' or `` `Olelo Hawai`i Month''; (2) commits to preserving, protecting, and promoting the use, practice, and development of `Olelo Hawai`i in alignment with the Native American Languages Act (25 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.); and (3) urges the people of the United States and interested groups to celebrate `Olelo Hawai`i Month with appropriate activities and programs to demonstrate support for `Olelo Hawai`i. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS735-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,"ORDERS FOR TUESDAY, MARCH 3, 2026",SENATE,SENATE,SORDERFOR,S735,S736,"[{""name"": ""John Thune"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S735,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S735-S736] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ORDERS FOR TUESDAY, MARCH 3, 2026 Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that when the Senate completes its business today, it stand adjourned until 10 a.m. on Tuesday, March 3, 2026; that following the prayer and pledge, the Journal of proceedings be approved to date, the morning hour be deemed expired, the time for the two leaders be reserved for their use later in the day, morning business be closed, and the Senate resume consideration of the motion to [[Page S736]] proceed to H.R. 6644, postcloture; further, that the Senate recess from 12:30 p.m. until 2:15 p.m. to allow for weekly conference meetings; finally, that all time during recess, adjournment, and leader remarks count postcloture on the motion to proceed to H.R. 6644. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS734,2026-03-02,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 624--EXPRESSING SUPPORT FOR THE DESIGNATION OF THE WEEK OF MARCH 2 THROUGH MARCH 6, 2026, AS ""NATIONAL SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL LEARNING WEEK"" TO RECOGNIZE THE CRITICAL ROLE SOCIAL...",SENATE,SENATE,SRESOLUTION,S734,S735,"[{""name"": ""Richard J. Durbin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3960""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3960""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S734,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S734-S735] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS ______ SENATE RESOLUTION 624--EXPRESSING SUPPORT FOR THE DESIGNATION OF THE WEEK OF MARCH 2 THROUGH MARCH 6, 2026, AS ``NATIONAL SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL LEARNING WEEK'' TO RECOGNIZE THE CRITICAL ROLE SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL LEARNING PLAYS IN SUPPORTING THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS AND OVERALL WELL-BEING OF STUDENTS, EDUCATORS, AND FAMILIES Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. King, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Lujan, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Booker, and Mr. Kim) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions: S. Res. 624 Whereas decades of research demonstrate how social and emotional learning (referred to in this preamble as ``SEL'') promotes academic achievement, mental wellness, healthy behaviors, and long-term success; Whereas, according to a study by researchers at the University of Southern California and Yale University, students participating [[Page S735]] in an SEL intervention demonstrate, on average, a 4.2 percentile point increase in academic achievement (with a 3.8 percentile point increase in math and 6.3 percentile point increase in literacy), with longer interventions showing an 8.4 percentile point increase in academic achievement; Whereas, according to a longitudinal National Institute of Child Health and Human Development study by researchers at the University of Washington, the University of Minnesota, the University of California San Francisco, the University of Virginia, and Rush University Medical Center, individuals with greater social skills aggregated from kindergarten through sixth grade had lower cardiometabolic risk in adulthood; Whereas, according to a study by researchers at the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning, Loyola University Chicago, and the University of Illinois Chicago, SEL programs that addressed the 5 core social and emotional competencies (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision-making) increased academic performance by 11 percentile points, improved the ability of students to manage stress, and improved the attitudes of students about themselves, others, and school; Whereas, according to a study by researchers at Yale University, the University of Rochester, the University of Maryland, and Loyola University Chicago, students participating in SEL at school had higher ``school functioning,'' including grades, test scores, attendance, homework completion, and engagement; Whereas a study in the Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis found that, on average, for every dollar spent on the evidence-based SEL programs examined, there was an $11 return on investment; Whereas, according to a study published by the American Public Health Association, the development of social and emotional skills in kindergarten has been associated with improved outcomes for young adults later in life, resulting in reduced societal costs for public assistance, public housing, police involvement, and detention; Whereas, in response to a Pew Research Center survey of parents of K-12 students, 93 percent of the parents said that schools teaching children to develop social and emotional skills was important; Whereas research from Yale University, the University of Cantabria, Jagiellonian University, and Pennsylvania State University indicates that educators who demonstrate greater social and emotional competence are frequently more capable of protecting themselves from burnout; and Whereas the week of March 2 through March 6, 2026, would be an appropriate period to designate as ``National Social and Emotional Learning Week'': Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) supports the designation of ``National Social and Emotional Learning Week''; (2) recognizes the role that social and emotional learning plays in promoting academic achievement, mental and behavioral health, and future career success for students; (3) expresses support for expanding access to social and emotional learning for each student and teacher; and (4) encourages the people of the United States to identify opportunities among Federal agencies to advance social and emotional learning to support the academic success and overall well-being of students, parents, educators, and their communities. ______ By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Lee, Mr. Coons, and Mr. Wicker): S. 3960. A bill to give Federal courts additional discretion to determine whether pretrial detention is appropriate for defendants charged with nonviolent drug offenses in Federal criminal cases; to the Committee on the Judiciary. S. 3960 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Smarter Pretrial Detention for Drug Charges Act of 2026''. SEC. 2. RELEASE CONDITIONS AND DETENTION IN FEDERAL CRIMINAL CASES. Section 3142 of title 18, United States Code, is amended-- (1) by striking ``(42 U.S.C. 14135a)'' each place it appears and inserting ``(34 U.S.C. 40702)''; and (2) in subsection (e)(3)-- (A) by striking subparagraph (A); and (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), and (E) as subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D), respectively. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS733,2026-03-02,119,2,,,STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SSTATEMENTS,S733,S734,"[{""name"": ""Richard J. Durbin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3959""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3959""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S733,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S733-S734] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS ______ By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Lee, Mr. Booker, Mr. Schatz, Mr. King, Mr. Kaine, Ms. Warren, Mr. Markey, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Sanders, and Mr. Wicker): S. 3959. A bill to focus limited Federal resources on the most serious offenders; to the Committee on the Judiciary. S. 3959 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Smarter Sentencing Act of 2026''. SEC. 2. SENTENCING MODIFICATIONS FOR CERTAIN DRUG OFFENSES. (a) Controlled Substances Act.--The Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) is amended-- (1) in section 102 (21 U.S.C. 802), by adding at the end the following: ``(61) The term `courier' means a defendant whose role in the offense was limited to transporting or storing drugs or money.''; and (2) in section 401(b)(1) (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1))-- (A) in subparagraph (A), in the flush text following clause (viii)-- (i) by striking ``10 years or more'' and inserting ``5 years or more''; and (ii) by striking ``15 years'' and inserting ``10 years''; and (B) in subparagraph (B), in the flush text following clause (viii)-- (i) by striking ``5 years'' and inserting ``2 years''; and (ii) by striking ``not be less than 10 years'' and inserting ``not be less than 5 years''. (b) Controlled Substances Import and Export Act.--Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), in the flush text following subparagraph (H)-- (A) by inserting ``, other than a person who is a courier,'' after ``such violation''; (B) by striking ``person commits'' and inserting ``person, other than a courier, commits''; and (C) by inserting ``If a person who is a courier commits such a violation, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 5 years and not more than life. If a person who is a courier commits such a violation after a prior conviction for a serious drug felony or serious violent felony has become final, the person shall be [[Page S734]] sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 10 years and not more than life.'' before ``Notwithstanding section 3583''; and (2) in paragraph (2), in the flush text following subparagraph (H)-- (A) by inserting ``, other than a person who is a courier,'' after ``such violation''; (B) by striking ``person commits'' and inserting ``person, other than a courier, commits''; and (C) by inserting ``If a person who is a courier commits such a violation, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 2 years and not more than life. If a person who is a courier commits such a violation after a prior conviction for a serious drug felony or serious violent felony has become final, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 5 years and not more than life.'' before ``Notwithstanding section 3583''. (c) Applicability to Pending and Past Cases.-- (1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term ``covered offense'' means a violation of a Federal criminal statute, the statutory penalties for which were modified by this section. (2) Pending cases.--This section, and the amendments made by this section, shall apply to any sentence imposed after the date of enactment of this Act, regardless of when the offense was committed. (3) Past cases.--In the case of a defendant who, before the date of enactment of this Act, was convicted or sentenced for a covered offense, the sentencing court may, on motion of the defendant, the Bureau of Prisons, the attorney for the Government, or on its own motion, impose a reduced sentence after considering the factors set forth in section 3553(a) of title 18, United States Code. SEC. 3. DIRECTIVE TO THE SENTENCING COMMISSION. (a) Directive to Sentencing Commission.--Pursuant to its authority under section 994(p) of title 28, United States Code, and in accordance with this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall review and amend, if appropriate, its guidelines and its policy statements applicable to persons convicted of an offense under section 401 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841) or section 1010 of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960) to ensure that the guidelines and policy statements are consistent with the amendments made by section 2 of this Act. (b) Considerations.--In carrying out this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall consider-- (1) the mandate of the United States Sentencing Commission, under section 994(g) of title 28, United States Code, to formulate the sentencing guidelines in such a way as to ``minimize the likelihood that the Federal prison population will exceed the capacity of the Federal prisons''; (2) the findings and conclusions of the United States Sentencing Commission in its October 2011 report to Congress entitled, Mandatory Minimum Penalties in the Federal Criminal Justice System; (3) the fiscal implications of any amendments or revisions to the sentencing guidelines or policy statements made by the United States Sentencing Commission; (4) the relevant public safety concerns involved in the considerations before the United States Sentencing Commission; (5) the intent of Congress that penalties for violent, repeat, and serious drug traffickers who present public safety risks remain appropriately severe; and (6) the need to reduce and prevent racial disparities in Federal sentencing. (c) Emergency Authority.--The United States Sentencing Commission shall-- (1) promulgate the guidelines, policy statements, or amendments provided for in this Act as soon as practicable, and in any event not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with the procedure set forth in section 21(a) of the Sentencing Act of 1987 (28 U.S.C. 994 note), as though the authority under that Act had not expired; and (2) pursuant to the emergency authority provided under paragraph (1), make such conforming amendments to the Federal sentencing guidelines as the Commission determines necessary to achieve consistency with other guideline provisions and applicable law. SEC. 4. REPORT BY ATTORNEY GENERAL. Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report outlining how the reduced expenditures on Federal corrections and the cost savings resulting from this Act will be used to help reduce overcrowding in the Federal Bureau of Prisons, help increase proper investment in law enforcement and crime prevention, and help reduce criminal recidivism, thereby increasing the effectiveness of Federal criminal justice spending. SEC. 5. REPORT ON FEDERAL CRIMINAL OFFENSES. (a) Definitions.--In this section-- (1) the term ``criminal regulatory offense'' means a Federal regulation that is enforceable by a criminal penalty; and (2) the term ``criminal statutory offense'' means a criminal offense under a Federal statute. (b) Report on Criminal Statutory Offenses.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report, which shall include-- (1) a list of all criminal statutory offenses, including a list of the elements for each criminal statutory offense; and (2) for each criminal statutory offense listed under paragraph (1)-- (A) the potential criminal penalty for the criminal statutory offense; (B) the number of prosecutions for the criminal statutory offense brought by the Department of Justice each year for the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act; and (C) the mens rea requirement for the criminal statutory offense. (c) Report on Criminal Regulatory Offenses.-- (1) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each Federal agency described in paragraph (2) shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report, which shall include-- (A) a list of all criminal regulatory offenses enforceable by the agency; and (B) for each criminal regulatory offense listed under subparagraph (A)-- (i) the potential criminal penalty for a violation of the criminal regulatory offense; (ii) the number of violations of the criminal regulatory offense referred to the Department of Justice for prosecution in each of the years during the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act; and (iii) the mens rea requirement for the criminal regulatory offense. (2) Agencies described.--The Federal agencies described in this paragraph are the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Education, the Department of Energy, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of the Interior, the Department of Labor, the Department of Transportation, the Department of the Treasury, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the Farm Credit Administration, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Election Commission, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, the Federal Maritime Commission, the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the National Labor Relations Board, the National Transportation Safety Board, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, the Office of Congressional Workplace Rights, the Postal Regulatory Commission, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Securities Investor Protection Corporation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Small Business Administration, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the Office of Government Ethics. (d) Index.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act-- (1) the Attorney General shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal statutory offense listed in the report required under subsection (b) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the Department of Justice; and (2) the head of each agency described in subsection (c)(2) shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal regulatory offense listed in the report required under subsection (c)(1) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the agency. (e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to require or authorize appropriations. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS733-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Introductory Statement on S. 3959,SENATE,SENATE,SSTATEMENTSIND,S733,S734,"[{""name"": ""Richard J. Durbin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3959""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S733,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S733-S734] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Lee, Mr. Booker, Mr. Schatz, Mr. King, Mr. Kaine, Ms. Warren, Mr. Markey, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Sanders, and Mr. Wicker): S. 3959. A bill to focus limited Federal resources on the most serious offenders; to the Committee on the Judiciary. S. 3959 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Smarter Sentencing Act of 2026''. SEC. 2. SENTENCING MODIFICATIONS FOR CERTAIN DRUG OFFENSES. (a) Controlled Substances Act.--The Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) is amended-- (1) in section 102 (21 U.S.C. 802), by adding at the end the following: ``(61) The term `courier' means a defendant whose role in the offense was limited to transporting or storing drugs or money.''; and (2) in section 401(b)(1) (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1))-- (A) in subparagraph (A), in the flush text following clause (viii)-- (i) by striking ``10 years or more'' and inserting ``5 years or more''; and (ii) by striking ``15 years'' and inserting ``10 years''; and (B) in subparagraph (B), in the flush text following clause (viii)-- (i) by striking ``5 years'' and inserting ``2 years''; and (ii) by striking ``not be less than 10 years'' and inserting ``not be less than 5 years''. (b) Controlled Substances Import and Export Act.--Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), in the flush text following subparagraph (H)-- (A) by inserting ``, other than a person who is a courier,'' after ``such violation''; (B) by striking ``person commits'' and inserting ``person, other than a courier, commits''; and (C) by inserting ``If a person who is a courier commits such a violation, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 5 years and not more than life. If a person who is a courier commits such a violation after a prior conviction for a serious drug felony or serious violent felony has become final, the person shall be [[Page S734]] sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 10 years and not more than life.'' before ``Notwithstanding section 3583''; and (2) in paragraph (2), in the flush text following subparagraph (H)-- (A) by inserting ``, other than a person who is a courier,'' after ``such violation''; (B) by striking ``person commits'' and inserting ``person, other than a courier, commits''; and (C) by inserting ``If a person who is a courier commits such a violation, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 2 years and not more than life. If a person who is a courier commits such a violation after a prior conviction for a serious drug felony or serious violent felony has become final, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 5 years and not more than life.'' before ``Notwithstanding section 3583''. (c) Applicability to Pending and Past Cases.-- (1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term ``covered offense'' means a violation of a Federal criminal statute, the statutory penalties for which were modified by this section. (2) Pending cases.--This section, and the amendments made by this section, shall apply to any sentence imposed after the date of enactment of this Act, regardless of when the offense was committed. (3) Past cases.--In the case of a defendant who, before the date of enactment of this Act, was convicted or sentenced for a covered offense, the sentencing court may, on motion of the defendant, the Bureau of Prisons, the attorney for the Government, or on its own motion, impose a reduced sentence after considering the factors set forth in section 3553(a) of title 18, United States Code. SEC. 3. DIRECTIVE TO THE SENTENCING COMMISSION. (a) Directive to Sentencing Commission.--Pursuant to its authority under section 994(p) of title 28, United States Code, and in accordance with this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall review and amend, if appropriate, its guidelines and its policy statements applicable to persons convicted of an offense under section 401 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841) or section 1010 of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960) to ensure that the guidelines and policy statements are consistent with the amendments made by section 2 of this Act. (b) Considerations.--In carrying out this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall consider-- (1) the mandate of the United States Sentencing Commission, under section 994(g) of title 28, United States Code, to formulate the sentencing guidelines in such a way as to ``minimize the likelihood that the Federal prison population will exceed the capacity of the Federal prisons''; (2) the findings and conclusions of the United States Sentencing Commission in its October 2011 report to Congress entitled, Mandatory Minimum Penalties in the Federal Criminal Justice System; (3) the fiscal implications of any amendments or revisions to the sentencing guidelines or policy statements made by the United States Sentencing Commission; (4) the relevant public safety concerns involved in the considerations before the United States Sentencing Commission; (5) the intent of Congress that penalties for violent, repeat, and serious drug traffickers who present public safety risks remain appropriately severe; and (6) the need to reduce and prevent racial disparities in Federal sentencing. (c) Emergency Authority.--The United States Sentencing Commission shall-- (1) promulgate the guidelines, policy statements, or amendments provided for in this Act as soon as practicable, and in any event not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with the procedure set forth in section 21(a) of the Sentencing Act of 1987 (28 U.S.C. 994 note), as though the authority under that Act had not expired; and (2) pursuant to the emergency authority provided under paragraph (1), make such conforming amendments to the Federal sentencing guidelines as the Commission determines necessary to achieve consistency with other guideline provisions and applicable law. SEC. 4. REPORT BY ATTORNEY GENERAL. Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report outlining how the reduced expenditures on Federal corrections and the cost savings resulting from this Act will be used to help reduce overcrowding in the Federal Bureau of Prisons, help increase proper investment in law enforcement and crime prevention, and help reduce criminal recidivism, thereby increasing the effectiveness of Federal criminal justice spending. SEC. 5. REPORT ON FEDERAL CRIMINAL OFFENSES. (a) Definitions.--In this section-- (1) the term ``criminal regulatory offense'' means a Federal regulation that is enforceable by a criminal penalty; and (2) the term ``criminal statutory offense'' means a criminal offense under a Federal statute. (b) Report on Criminal Statutory Offenses.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report, which shall include-- (1) a list of all criminal statutory offenses, including a list of the elements for each criminal statutory offense; and (2) for each criminal statutory offense listed under paragraph (1)-- (A) the potential criminal penalty for the criminal statutory offense; (B) the number of prosecutions for the criminal statutory offense brought by the Department of Justice each year for the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act; and (C) the mens rea requirement for the criminal statutory offense. (c) Report on Criminal Regulatory Offenses.-- (1) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each Federal agency described in paragraph (2) shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report, which shall include-- (A) a list of all criminal regulatory offenses enforceable by the agency; and (B) for each criminal regulatory offense listed under subparagraph (A)-- (i) the potential criminal penalty for a violation of the criminal regulatory offense; (ii) the number of violations of the criminal regulatory offense referred to the Department of Justice for prosecution in each of the years during the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act; and (iii) the mens rea requirement for the criminal regulatory offense. (2) Agencies described.--The Federal agencies described in this paragraph are the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Education, the Department of Energy, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of the Interior, the Department of Labor, the Department of Transportation, the Department of the Treasury, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the Farm Credit Administration, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Election Commission, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, the Federal Maritime Commission, the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the National Labor Relations Board, the National Transportation Safety Board, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, the Office of Congressional Workplace Rights, the Postal Regulatory Commission, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Securities Investor Protection Corporation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Small Business Administration, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the Office of Government Ethics. (d) Index.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act-- (1) the Attorney General shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal statutory offense listed in the report required under subsection (b) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the Department of Justice; and (2) the head of each agency described in subsection (c)(2) shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal regulatory offense listed in the report required under subsection (c)(1) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the agency. (e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to require or authorize appropriations. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS731,2026-03-02,119,2,,,REPORTS OF COMMITTEES,SENATE,SENATE,SCOMMREPORT,S731,S731,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6719""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S731,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S731] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] REPORTS OF COMMITTEES The following reports of committees were submitted: By Mr. GRASSLEY, from the Committee on the Judiciary, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute: H.R. 6719. An act to prohibit threats to a minor, and for other purposes. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS731-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS,SENATE,SENATE,SCOSPONSORS,S731,S733,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SJRES"", ""number"": ""79""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SJRES"", ""number"": ""79""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SJRES"", ""number"": ""104""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SJRES"", ""number"": ""104""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""339""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""339""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""339""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""494""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""494""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""567""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""567""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""606""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""606""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""986""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""986""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1336""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1336""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1574""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1574""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1677""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1677""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1829""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1829""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1885""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1885""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1892""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1892""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1918""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1918""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1929""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1929""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2282""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2282""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2409""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2409""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2525""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2525""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2667""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2667""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2903""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2903""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2947""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2947""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3135""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3135""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3211""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3211""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3394""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3394""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3397""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3397""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3398""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3398""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3455""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3455""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3513""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3513""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3653""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3653""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3659""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3659""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3761""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3761""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3789""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3789""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3791""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3791""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3865""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3865""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3916""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3916""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3923""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3923""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3938""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3938""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3940""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3940""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3953""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3953""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S731,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S731-S733] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS S. 339 At the request of Mr. Crapo, the name of the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. McCormick) was added as a cosponsor of S. 339, a bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide for Medicare coverage of multi-cancer early detection screening tests. S. 494 At the request of Mr. Schmitt, the name of the Senator from California (Mr. Schiff) was added as a cosponsor of S. 494, a bill to establish a national plan to coordinate research on epilepsy, and for other purposes. S. 567 At the request of Mr. Whitehouse, the names of the Senator from Maryland (Mr. Van Hollen), the Senator from North Dakota (Mr. Cramer), the Senator from Idaho (Mr. Crapo) and the Senator from Wisconsin (Ms. Baldwin) were added as cosponsors of S. 567, a bill to award a Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to the First Rhode Island Regiment, in recognition of their dedicated service during the Revolutionary War. [[Page S732]] S. 624 At the request of Mr. Padilla, the name of the Senator from Maryland (Ms. Alsobrooks) was added as a cosponsor of S. 624, a bill to amend title 5, United States Code, to achieve parity between the cost-of- living adjustment with respect to an annuity under the Federal Employees Retirement System and an annuity under the Civil Service Retirement System, and for other purposes. S. 986 At the request of Mr. Kaine, the name of the Senator from Maryland (Ms. Alsobrooks) was added as a cosponsor of S. 986, a bill to address and take action to prevent bullying and harassment of students. S. 1336 At the request of Mr. King, the name of the Senator from Wisconsin (Ms. Baldwin) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1336, a bill to require the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a grant program to address forestry workforce development needs, and for other purposes. S. 1574 At the request of Ms. Cortez Masto, the name of the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Smith) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1574, a bill to amend the Stored Communications Act to include Tribal courts as courts of competent jurisdiction. S. 1677 At the request of Ms. Baldwin, the names of the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) and the Senator from Delaware (Ms. Blunt Rochester) were added as cosponsors of S. 1677, a bill to provide health insurance benefits for outpatient and inpatient items and services related to the diagnosis and treatment of a congenital anomaly or birth defect. S. 1829 At the request of Mr. Hawley, the name of the Senator from Oklahoma (Mr. Lankford) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1829, a bill to combat the sexual exploitation of children by supporting victims and promoting accountability and transparency by the tech industry. S. 1885 At the request of Mrs. Britt, the name of the Senator from New Hampshire (Ms. Hassan) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1885, a bill to require the Federal Trade Commission, with the concurrence of the Secretary of Health and Human Services acting through the Surgeon General, to implement a mental health warning label on covered platforms, and for other purposes. S. 1892 At the request of Ms. Murkowski, the names of the Senator from Wisconsin (Ms. Baldwin), the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. Justice), the Senator from Alaska (Mr. Sullivan) and the Senator from Colorado (Mr. Bennet) were added as cosponsors of S. 1892, a bill to clarify that amounts from declinations should be deposited in the Crime Victims Fund and to temporarily provide additional deposits into the Crime Victims Fund. S. 1918 At the request of Mr. Boozman, the name of the Senator from Michigan (Mr. Peters) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1918, a bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow a refundable tax credit against income tax for the purchase of qualified access technology for the blind. S. 1929 At the request of Mr. Schumer, the name of the Senator from Alaska (Ms. Murkowski) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1929, a bill to establish programs to reduce rates of sepsis. S. 2282 At the request of Ms. Baldwin, the name of the Senator from Kansas (Mr. Marshall) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2282, a bill to amend the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 to reauthorize the Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network, and for other purposes. S. 2409 At the request of Mr. King, the name of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. Sullivan) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2409, a bill to amend the Federal Meat Inspection Act to exempt from inspection the slaughter of animals and the preparation of carcasses conducted at a custom slaughter facility, and for other purposes. S. 2525 At the request of Mr. Merkley, the name of the Senator from Virginia (Mr. Kaine) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2525, a bill to address transnational repression by foreign governments against private individuals, and for other purposes. S. 2667 At the request of Mr. Booker, the name of the Senator from New Hampshire (Ms. Hassan) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2667, a bill to prevent violence in the West Bank and authorize the imposition of sanctions with respect to any foreign person endangering United States national security and undermining prospects for a two-state solution by committing illegal violent acts. S. 2903 At the request of Ms. Murkowski, the name of the Senator from Vermont (Mr. Welch) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2903, a bill to amend the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 to require a group health plan or health insurance coverage offered in connection with such a plan to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol, and for other purposes. S. 2947 At the request of Ms. Hassan, the name of the Senator from Kansas (Mr. Marshall) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2947, a bill to establish a Federal Clearinghouse on Safety and Best Practices for Nonprofit Organizations, Faith-based Organizations, and Houses of Worship within the Department of Homeland Security, and for other purposes. S. 3135 At the request of Mr. Sullivan, the name of the Senator from Alaska (Ms. Murkowski) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3135, a bill to require the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to authorize manufacturers of certain vehicles to suspend engine derate or shutdown functions in prolonged cold weather conditions, and for other purposes. S. 3211 At the request of Ms. Hassan, the name of the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3211, a bill to require the Office of Management and Budget to consider revising the Standard Occupational Classification system to establish a separate code for direct support professionals, and for other purposes. S. 3394 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Maine (Mr. King) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3394, a bill to direct the United States Sentencing Commission to amend the sentencing guideline relating to child sexual abuse material. S. 3397 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Maine (Mr. King) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3397, a bill to make coercion of children to commit harm a criminal offense, and for other purposes. S. 3398 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Maine (Mr. King) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3398, a bill to amend title 18, United States Code, to criminalize intentional threats to distribute child sexual abuse material, and to provide appropriate penalties for the use of child sexual abuse material to extort or coerce victims. S. 3455 At the request of Mr. Van Hollen, the names of the Senator from California (Mr. Schiff) and the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Smith) were added as cosponsors of S. 3455, a bill to authorize urbanized area formula grants for service improvement and safety and security enhancement, and for other purposes. S. 3513 At the request of Mr. McCormick, the names of the Senator from Utah (Mr. Curtis) and the Senator from Colorado (Mr. Bennet) were added as cosponsors of S. 3513, a bill to impose sanctions with respect to foreign persons dealing in crude oil or petroleum products of Russian Federation origin. S. 3653 At the request of Mrs. Blackburn, the name of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. Sullivan) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3653, a bill to require the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to carry out [[Page S733]] efforts to inform veterans of their rights with regards to the receipt of health care, benefits, and services furnished under provisions of law administered by the Secretary, and for other purposes. S. 3659 At the request of Mrs. Shaheen, the names of the Senator from Virginia (Mr. Kaine) and the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. McCormick) were added as cosponsors of S. 3659, a bill to establish a Strategic Resilience Reserve of the United States, and for other purposes. S. 3761 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Smith) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3761, a bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to exempt qualified student loan bonds from the volume cap and the alternative minimum tax. S. 3789 At the request of Ms. Ernst, the name of the Senator from California (Mr. Schiff) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3789, a bill to provide for a temporary adjustment to the prospectus thresholds for certain General Services Administration projects, and for other purposes. S. 3791 At the request of Mr. Wicker, the name of the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Blumenthal) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3791, a bill to reauthorize Regional Ocean Partnerships, and for other purposes. S. 3865 At the request of Mrs. Murray, the name of the Senator from Maryland (Ms. Alsobrooks) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3865, a bill to prevent discrimination, including harassment, in employment. S. 3916 At the request of Mrs. Hyde-Smith, the name of the Senator from Mississippi (Mr. Wicker) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3916, a bill to prohibit Federal funding of State firearm ownership databases, and for other purposes. S. 3923 At the request of Mr. Cruz, the names of the Senator from North Carolina (Mr. Budd) and the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Klobuchar) were added as cosponsors of S. 3923, a bill to improve the weather research of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, support improvements in weather forecasting and prediction, and expand commercial opportunities for the provision of weather data. S. 3938 At the request of Mr. King, the names of the Senator from Nebraska (Mrs. Fischer), the Senator from Florida (Mrs. Moody), the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. McCormick), the Senator from North Dakota (Mr. Hoeven) and the Senator from Utah (Mr. Lee) were added as cosponsors of S. 3938, a bill to amend title 10, United States Code, to authorize representatives of veterans service organizations to participate in presentations to promote certain benefits available to veterans during preseparation counseling under the Transition Assistance Program of the Department of Defense, and for other purposes. S. 3940 At the request of Mr. Daines, the name of the Senator from North Dakota (Mr. Hoeven) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3940, a bill to amend the Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to testify before Congress, and for other purposes. S. 3953 At the request of Mr. Booker, the names of the Senator from California (Mr. Padilla) and the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Murphy) were added as cosponsors of S. 3953, a bill to authorize the Director of the National Museum of African American History and Culture to support African American history education programs, and for other purposes. S.J. RES. 79 At the request of Mr. Mullin, the name of the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. Fetterman) was added as a cosponsor of S.J. Res. 79, a joint resolution honoring the sacrifice of Marine Corps Lance Corporal David L. Espinoza, Marine Corps Sergeant Nicole L. Gee, Marine Corps Staff Sergeant Darin Taylor Hoover, Army Staff Sergeant Ryan Christian Knauss, Marine Corps Corporal Hunter Lopez, Marine Corps Lance Corporal Rylee J. McCollum, Marine Corps Lance Corporal Dylan R. Merola, Marine Corps Lance Corporal Kareem M. Nikoui, Marine Corps Corporal Daegan W. Page, Marine Corps Sergeant Johanny Rosario, Marine Corps Corporal Humberto A. Sanchez, Marine Corps Lance Corporal Jared M. Schmitz, and Navy Petty Officer Third Class Maxton W. Soviak. S.J. RES. 104 At the request of Mr. Kaine, the names of the Senator from Maine (Mr. King), the Senator from Hawaii (Ms. Hirono), the Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. Markey), the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons), the Senator from Maryland (Ms. Alsobrooks), the Senator from Illinois (Mr. Durbin), the Senator from New York (Mrs. Gillibrand), the Senator from Massachusetts (Ms. Warren), the Senator from New Mexico (Mr. Heinrich), the Senator from Washington (Mrs. Murray), the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Blumenthal), the Senator from Oregon (Mr. Wyden) and the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) were added as cosponsors of S.J. Res. 104, a joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. S. RES. 606 At the request of Mr. Lankford, the name of the Senator from California (Mr. Schiff) was added as a cosponsor of S. Res. 606, a resolution condemning the Government of Iran for its suppression of the right of Iranians to peacefully assemble. S. RES. 620 At the request of Mr. Barrasso, the names of the Senator from Kansas (Mr. Marshall), the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Klobuchar), the Senator from South Carolina (Mr. Scott) and the Senator from New Jersey (Mr. Booker) were added as cosponsors of S. Res. 620, a resolution designating February 28, 2026, as ``Rare Disease Day''. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS731-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND SENATE RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SSUBMISSION,S731,S731,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""625""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S731,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S731] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND SENATE RESOLUTIONS The following concurrent resolutions and Senate resolutions were read, and referred (or acted upon), as indicated: By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. King, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Lujan, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Booker, and Mr. Kim): S. Res. 624. A resolution expressing support for the designation of the week of March 2 through March 6, 2026, as ``National Social and Emotional Learning Week'' to recognize the critical role social and emotional learning plays in supporting the academic success and overall well-being of students, educators, and families; to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. By Mr. SCHATZ (for himself and Ms. Hirono): S. Res. 625. A resolution designating February 2026 as ``Hawaiian Language Month'' or ``Olelo Hawai'i Month''; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS731-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SINTROBILLS,S731,S731,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3956""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3957""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3958""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3959""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3960""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3961""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3962""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S731,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S731] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS The following bills and joint resolutions were introduced, read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred as indicated: By Mr. SANDERS: S. 3956. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to impose an annual tax on the net value of assets held by a taxpayer, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. MORAN (for himself and Ms. Cantwell): S. 3957. A bill to support National Science Foundation education and professional development relating to artificial intelligence; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. By Mrs. GILLIBRAND (for herself, Mr. Fetterman, Mr. Lujan, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Warnock, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Booker, Mr. Welch, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Markey, and Mr. Sanders): S. 3958. A bill to amend the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to transition Puerto Rico to the supplemental nutrition assistance program, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Lee, Mr. Booker, Mr. Schatz, Mr. King, Mr. Kaine, Ms. Warren, Mr. Markey, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Sanders, and Mr. Wicker): S. 3959. A bill to focus limited Federal resources on the most serious offenders; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. Lee, Mr. Coons, and Mr. Wicker): S. 3960. A bill to give Federal courts additional discretion to determine whether pretrial detention is appropriate for defendants charged with nonviolent drug offenses in Federal criminal cases; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. SCHIFF: S. 3961. A bill to prohibit solicitation by institutional investors after a major disaster, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. By Ms. HASSAN (for herself and Mr. McCormick): S. 3962. A bill to improve interagency coordination between the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Economic Development Administration, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS730,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS,SENATE,SENATE,SPETANDMEM,S730,S731,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HJRES"", ""number"": ""98""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HJRES"", ""number"": ""98""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HCONRES"", ""number"": ""3008""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HCONRES"", ""number"": ""3008""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S730,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S730-S731] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS The following petitions and memorials were laid before the Senate and were referred or ordered to lie on the table as indicated: POM-32. A concurrent resolution adopted by the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina applying to the United States Congress to call a convention under Article V of the United States Constitution, for the limited purpose of proposing a constitutional amendment to set a limit on the number of terms that a person may be elected, as a member, to the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate; to the Committee on the Judiciary. House Concurrent Resolution No. 3008 Whereas, the legislature of South Carolina hereby makes an application to Congress, as provided by Article V of the Constitution of the United States of America, to call a convention limited to proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America to set a limit on the number of terms that a person may be elected, as a member, to the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate; and Whereas, the Secretary of State is hereby directed to transmit copies of this application to the President and Secretary of the Senate of the United States; the Speaker, Clerk, and Judiciary Committee Chairman of the House of Representatives of the Congress of the United States; the members of the Senate and House of Representatives from this State; and the presiding officers of each of the legislative houses in the several states, requesting their cooperation; and Whereas, this application shall be considered as covering the same subject matter as the applications from other states to Congress to call a convention to set a limit on the number of terms for which a person may be elected to the House of Representatives of the Congress of the United States and the Senate of the United States. This application shall be aggregated with those applications for the purpose of attaining the two-thirds of states necessary for requiring Congress to call a limited convention on this subject, but it shall not be aggregated with any other applications on any other subject; and Whereas, this application constitutes a continuing application in accordance with Article V of the Constitution of the United States of America until the legislatures of at least two-thirds of the several states have made applications on the same subject. Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the House of Representatives, the Senate concurring: That the members of the General Assembly, by this resolution, apply for a convention under Article V of the United States Constitution in order to propose a congressional term limits amendment. Be it further resolved that the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina adopts this concurrent resolution expressly subject to the following reservations, understandings, and declarations: (1) an application to the Congress of the United States to call an amendment convention of the states pursuant to Article V of the United States Constitution confers no power to Congress other than the power to call such a convention. The power of Congress to exercise this ministerial duty consists solely of the authority to name a reasonable time and place for the initial meeting of a convention; and (2) Congress shall perform its ministerial duty of calling an amendment convention of the states only upon the receipt of applications for an amendment convention for the substantially same purpose as this application from two- thirds of the legislatures of the several states; and (3) Congress does not have the power or authority to determine any rules for the governing of an amendment convention of the states called pursuant to Article V of the United States Constitution. Congress does not have the power to set the number of delegates to be sent by any state to such a convention, nor does it have the power to name delegates to such a convention. The power to name delegates remains exclusively within the authority of the legislatures of the several states; and (4) by definition, an amendment convention of the states means that states shall vote on the basis of one state, one vote; and (5) a convention of the states convened pursuant to this application must be limited to consideration of the topics specified in this concurrent resolution and no other. This application is made with the express understanding that an amendment that in any way seeks to amend, modify, or repeal any provision of the Bill of Rights, the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments to the United States Constitution shall not be authorized for consideration at any stage. This application shall be void ab initio if ever used at any stage to consider any change to any provision of the Bill of Rights; and (6) pursuant to Article V of the United States Constitution, Congress may determine whether proposed amendments shall be ratified by the legislatures of the several states or by special state ratification conventions. The South Carolina General Assembly recommends that Congress select ratification by the legislatures of the several states; and (7) the South Carolina General Assembly may provide further instructions to its delegates and may recall its delegates at any [[Page S731]] time for a breach of a duty or a violation of the instructions provided. POM-33. A house joint resolution adopted by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee urging the United States Congress to require the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs to add COVID-19 treatments and anthrax vaccinations as pre- qualifying for care under the PACT Act; to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. House Joint Resolution No. 98 Whereas, many servicemembers have reportedly been unlawfully forced to accept COVID-19 drugs and anthrax vaccinations; and Whereas, our government has a history of subjecting our servicemembers to experimental conditions and substances without their consent; and Whereas, our national security and readiness to necessarily conduct war is adversely impacted by the unlawful administering of drugs and substances or exposures to experimental conditions. Many injuries are reported to have occurred in our servicemembers from a forced requirement to accept COVID-19 ``vaccinations''; and Whereas, our civilian and military leaders owe both an allegiance to the welfare of the warfighter and a responsibility to the Republic to ensure rules, regulations, and laws are followed closely in the administering of health care to our servicemembers; and Whereas, the PACT Act of 2022 expanded the Department of Veterans Affairs coverage of health care and benefits for veterans to include those exposed to burn pits, Agent Orange, and other toxic substances; and Whereas, recognizing a potential for generational damage, this law helps us provide generations of veterans--and their survivors--with the care and benefits they've earned and deserve. It has been appropriate to recognize other chemical substances of which the unnecessary and forced exposure has caused damage to our servicemembers and their families; and Whereas, the Department of Veterans Affairs has historically been slow to respond to toxic exposures, often leaving the servicemember or veteran exposed with no recourse nor help for decades; it is incumbent upon our government to care for the wounded and injured warriors; and Whereas, a group of whistleblowers has asserted that COVID- 19 treatments were issued while the chemicals were only Emergency Use Authorized (EUA). The servicemen and servicewomen alleged that the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) has unlawfully administered EUA products as if they were fully licensed Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- approved products. Military regulations state service members have a legal right to refuse EUA products; and Whereas, these whistleblowers contend that the FDA issued approval for Pfizer's Comirnaty vaccine in August 2021, but that none of the FDA-approved vaccines were available. FDA documents dated November 2021 state: ``In the U.S., there are no licensed vaccines or antiviral drugs for the prevention of COVID-19.'' Furthermore, the FDA said the EUA-authorized Pfizer vaccines were ``legally distinct'' from the FDA- approved Comirnaty vaccines that were unavailable for service members in the U.S.; and Whereas, anthrax vaccinations are reported to have been issued to millions of servicemembers, even at times when the drug was not fully approved; and Whereas, in October 2004, a federal judge ordered the military to stop requiring anthrax vaccines for U.S. military personnel. In response, the Pentagon halted mandatory anthrax vaccinations ``until further notice,'' but noted the court did not question the safety or effectiveness of the vaccine. Tennessee troops were issued anthrax vaccinations in 2004; now, therefore, Be it resolved by the House of Representatives of the One Hundred Fourteenth General Assembly of the State of Tennessee, the Senate Concurring, that we strongly urge the United States Congress to require the Department of Veterans Affairs to add COVID-19 treatments, conducted under Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) and before FDA approval was granted, as pre-qualifying for care under the PACT Act. Resolved, That we also strongly urge Congress to require the Department of Veterans Affairs to add anthrax vaccinations as qualifying for care under the PACT Act; and be it further Resolved, That we also urge Congress to conduct a full investigation and provide a report of the timeline, including the accountable persons who made decisions, recommendations, and approvals of the decision to require servicemembers to accept the introduction of these chemicals, with their possible harmful or toxic side effects and outside of legal and lawful permission, into their bodies; and be it further Resolved, That a certified copy of this resolution be transmitted to the Speaker and the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, the President and the Secretary of the United States Senate, and each member of the Tennessee Congressional delegation. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS729,2026-03-02,119,2,,,TRIBUTE TO LIEUTENANT COLONEL HAROLD STANFORD,SENATE,SENATE,SADDITIONAL,S729,S729,"[{""name"": ""Tommy Tuberville"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S729,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S729] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS ______ TRIBUTE TO LIEUTENANT COLONEL HAROLD STANFORD Mr. TUBERVILLE. Mr. President, Alabama is proud to be home to so many great veterans who have represented us well on the world stage. That is certainly true for LTC Harold Stanford of Barfield, AL. The Clay County native joined the Alabama Army National Guard while he was still in high school before going to Jacksonville State University and joining the ROTC unit there. Harold's Alabama training took him across the country, but one stop in Rockville, MD, would chart the course for his nearly three-decade military career. While here, Harold helped protect our Nation's Capital and surrounding area during the Vietnam war. This was also where Harold took his first helicopter flight, and he decided that aviation was how he would use his gifts to serve our country. He became an Army pilot and served two tours in Vietnam in the 60s. His company became known as the Rattlers. Harold received the Distinguished Flying Cross medal--the highest honor for aerial flight--for his bravery during a mission where he successfully landed his Chinook after losing an engine due to enemy fire. Harold safely landed the chopper along with 8,000 pounds of ammo and the whole crew intact. But Harold's service extended far past being a skilled pilot. He devoted much of his time off duty to serving a leper colony, demonstrating the very best of American generosity and goodwill. Over the years, he has received numerous other decorations, including the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, Joint Service Commendation medal, seven Air Medals, several unit citations, and many more. We could all learn a thing or two from Harold. After retiring from the military, Harold continued to fly corporate planes for another 18 years. Eventually, after 22 moves, the Stanfords returned home to the Barfield community in 2002 and settled into the house next door from where his wife Martha grew up. Harold credits Martha for standing by his side in every step of their lives. They recently celebrated 67 years of marriage together and are the proud parents of two adult sons: David and Michael. For 16 years, Harold continued saving lives as a fireman with the Barfield Volunteer Fire Department. Harold has stayed involved in his retirement. He is a member of the VFW Post 9581, American Legion, and the Vietnam Helicopter Association. As his wife Martha says, ``[Harold] had a very strong feeling of service to [his] country.'' Alabama is grateful for veterans like Harold who continue to put country and community above themselves. It is my honor to recognize Harold Stanford as the March Veteran of the Month. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS729-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS,SENATE,SENATE,EXECUTIVECOMM,S729,S730,,,172 Cong. Rec. S729,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S729-S730] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS The following communications were laid before the Senate, together with accompanying papers, reports, and documents, and were referred as indicated: EC-2845. A communication from the Chief for Regulatory Development, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Restoring Integrity to the Issuance of Non-Domiciled [[Page S730]] Commercial Drivers Licenses (CDL)'' (RIN2126-AC98) received during adjounment of the Senate in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 20, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2846. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the Secretary, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Removing Outdated and Overly-Prescriptive Regulations Governing the Use of Penalty Mail in the Location and Recovery of Missing Children'' (RIN0605-AA81) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2847. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Survey of International Trade in Services Between U.S. and Foreign Persons and Surveys of Direct Investment'' (RIN0691-AA95) in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2848. A communication from the President of the United States to the President pro tempore of the United States Senate, transmitting, consistent with the War Powers Resolution, a report relative to military action taken on February 28, 2026, against the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran; to the Committee on Foreign Relations. EC-2849. A communication from the Acting Director of the Peace Corps, transmitting, pursuant to law, the Office of Inspector General's Semiannual Report for the period of April 1, 2025 through September 30, 2025; to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. EC-2850. A communication from the Attorney Advisor, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to a nomination for a position covered by the Federal Vacancies Reform Act of 1998 for the position of Assistant Secretary for Research & Technology, Department of Transportation, received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2851. A communication from the Attorney Advisor, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to action on a nomination for a position covered by the Federal Vacancies Reform Act of 1998 for the position of Under Secretary of Transportation Policy, Department of Transportation, received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2852. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Removing Obsolete Regulations to the Voluntary Consumer Product Information Labeling Program'' (RIN0605-AA74) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2853. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Removing Obsolete Regulations Establishing Procedures for a Voluntary Labeling Program for Household Appliances and Equipment To Effect Energy Conservation'' (RIN0605-AA72) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2854. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Eliminating Redundant Regulatory Part Related to Public Information and Disclosure'' (RIN0648-BO37) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2855. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Removing Unnecessary Regulations Regarding the Seal of the Department of Commerce'' (RIN0605-AA71) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2856. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Updating and Streamlining the Regulations Governing the Handling and Settlement of Claims Under the Federal Tort Claims Act'' (RIN0605-AA83) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2857. A communication from the Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Removing Unnecessary Department-Specific Regulations Related to Employee Responsibilities and Conduct'' (RIN0605-AA75) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 13, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS729-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED,SENATE,SENATE,SMSGEXEC,S729,S729,,,172 Cong. Rec. S729,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S729] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED As in executive session the Presiding Officer laid before the Senate messages from the President of the United States submitting sundry nominations which were referred to the appropriate committees. (The messages received today are printed at the end of the Senate proceedings.) ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS729-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT,SENATE,SENATE,MSGPRESIDENT,S729,S729,,,172 Cong. Rec. S729,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S729] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Messages from the President of the United States were communicated to the Senate by Ms. Holstead, one of his secretaries. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS728,2026-03-02,119,2,,,AUTHORIZING THE USE OF EMANCIPATION HALL IN THE CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER FOR A CEREMONY AS PART OF THE COMMEMORATION OF THE DAYS OF REMEMBRANCE OF VICTIMS OF THE HOLOCAUST,SENATE,SENATE,COMMEMORATING,S728,S728,"[{""name"": ""John Thune"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HCONRES"", ""number"": ""72""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HCONRES"", ""number"": ""72""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S728,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S728] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] AUTHORIZING THE USE OF EMANCIPATION HALL IN THE CAPITOL VISITOR CENTER FOR A CEREMONY AS PART OF THE COMMEMORATION OF THE DAYS OF REMEMBRANCE OF VICTIMS OF THE HOLOCAUST Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the immediate consideration of H. Con. Res. 72, which was received from the House. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the concurrent resolution by title. The senior assistant legislative clerk read as follows: A concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 72) authorizing the use of Emancipation Hall in the Capitol Visitor Center for a ceremony as part of the commemoration of the days of remembrance of victims of the Holocaust. There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the concurrent resolution. Mr. THUNE. I ask unanimous consent that the resolution be agreed to and the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with no intervening action or debate. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. The concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 72) was agreed to. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS728-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,RECOGNIZING IDAHO OLYMPIANS,SENATE,SENATE,RECOGNIZING,S728,S729,"[{""name"": ""Mike Crapo"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S728,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S728-S729] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] RECOGNIZING IDAHO OLYMPIANS Mr. CRAPO. Mr. President, with my colleagues Senator Jim Risch, Representative Mike Simpson, and Representative Russ Fulcher, I congratulate five Idaho-connected athletes who competed in the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina. Qualifying for Team USA is an accomplishment in and of itself, and we commend these five incredible Idahoans for their hard work and commitment that resulted in them representing our great State and country on this world stage. Now three-time Olympian Chase Josey, of Sun Valley, competed in snowboarding in both the Olympic Winter Games in Beijing 2022, earning 7th place in the snowboard halfpipe, and he earned 6th place in the snowboard halfpipe in the Olympic Winter Games in PyeongChang in 2018, before his return to the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina, where he earned 11th in the halfpipe. He took 5th in the halfpipe at the 2021 FIS Snowboard World Championships, and most recently 12th in this competition in 2025. Team USA notes that Chase's father Bill taught him to snowboard at age 5 [[Page S729]] on the slopes of Sun Valley. He has since been a strong presence in competitive snowboarding. Five-time Olympic medalist Hilary Knight, of Sun Valley, has become a mainstay on the U.S. women's hockey team. She brought home one gold and three silver medals in four Olympics prior to the 2026 competitions, where she again helped secure Team USA's gold-medal win. Hilary Knight served as captain of the team and is the new American point and goal- scoring leader for Olympic women's ice hockey. She earned a silver medal in the Olympic Winter Games in Beijing in 2022, following her earning a gold medal in the Olympic Winter Games in PyeongChang in 2018, a silver medal in the Olympic Winter Games in Sochi in 2014, and a silver medal in the Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver in 2010. She has had 15 years of participation with the U.S. Women's National Team, helping to earn 10 gold and 5 silver medals in the Women's World Championships. Given her legendary career and leadership that has inspired so many in Idaho and across the globe, her selection to serve as a flag bearer for the closing ceremony of the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina was a well-deserved honor. Ryder Sarchett, of Ketchum, competed in alpine skiing in his first Olympic Games, earning 25th in the men's giant slalom at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina. Ryder, who began skiing at age 2 and ski racing at age 10, earned 10th at the World Cup giant slalom in Val d'Isere, France, in December 2025. This followed him achieving gold in the men's giant slalom at the 2024 FIS Alpine Junior World Championships in Portes du Soleil, France, with Team USA noting, ``Sarchett became the first American to win the junior world championships giant slalom title since River Radamus claimed gold in 2019 . . .''. He has skied for the University of Colorado Boulder, winning the men's giant slalom at the Utah Invitational and placing 8th in slalom at the NCAA championships, helping his team win the team title by 2 points. The 2026 Winter Olympics were also the first Olympic Games for Samantha ``Sammy'' Smith, who grew up splitting time between Boise and Sun Valley. She competed in cross-country skiing, earning 19th in sprint classic style in the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina. Team USA notes that Sammy made her World Cup debut in Norway in March 2023 as the youngest woman in the field by 2 years. She then went on to earn a silver medal in the freestyle sprint at the 2024 FIS Ski Junior World Championships in Planica, Slovenia. Sammy earned multiple top 30 FIS World Cup finishes and the U.S. Nordic Olympic Women Gold Rush Award for her grit and grace beyond race results. She also won the U.S. national championship in the classic sprint in January 2025. In addition to skiing, she is a division I soccer player for Stanford University. Her many soccer achievements include her serving as a captain of the U.S. team at the 2023 Pan American Games, where her team earned bronze. Another first-time Olympian John Steel Hagenbuch, of Ketchum, competed in cross-country skiing for Team USA. He earned 14th in the men's 10-kilometer interval start free and contributed to his team's 6th place finish in the 4x7.5-kilometer relay. Team USA notes, ``John Steel Hagenbuch has established himself as one of the most decorated collegiate cross-country skiers in recent history while simultaneously competing at the international level.'' His many successes as a skier for Dartmouth include his two-time NCAA championships in the 7.5- kilometer classic, earning United States Collegiate Ski Coaches Association Men's Nordic National Skier of the Year honors, and numerous Eastern Intercollegiate Ski Association championships. He also earned bronze in February 2024 in the skate sprint at the U23 FIS Cross-Country Ski World Championships in Planica, Slovenia. The Idaho Olympians we are honoring and their teammates often overcome significant injuries and other setbacks to continue showing up day in and day out to prepare, improve, and prevail. They are extraordinary examples of consistency. They make the choice over-and- over-again not to push snooze on their dreams but get up and keep moving forward. We commend them for their hard work and thank them for their representation of our great State and Nation in the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano-Cortina. Congratulations, Olympians. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS728-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,MORNING BUSINESS,SENATE,SENATE,SMBUSINESS,S728,S728,"[{""name"": ""Peter Welch"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S728,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S728] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] MORNING BUSINESS ______ BERTA CACERES Mr. WELCH. Mr. President, today marks 10 years since the murder of Honduran environmental leader Berta Caceres. She lost her life after rallying her indigenous Lenca community to halt construction of the Agua Zarca Dam project. Berta's killers were hired by the corrupt DESA hydroelectric company, financed by national and international banks. Some have been convicted. All are appealing. Others remain at large, while Berta's organization, the Council of indigenous and Popular Organizations of Honduras, continues to receive threats. Throughout her life, Berta Caceres not only fought for the rights of Hondurans; she also built networks of solidarity across the hemisphere, organizing opposition against destructive policies, including the militarization of law enforcement and resource-extractive projects that harm indigenous communities and the environment. Impunity for killings of Honduran social activists is endemic, but Berta's case shows that accountability is possible. The new Honduran Government can demonstrate that it is committed to truth, justice, and the rule of law by ensuring that all those involved in her assassination are severely punished, as well as those responsible for the hundreds of killings of other human rights and environmental activists in that country. It should study the findings in the recent Interdisciplinary Group of Independent Experts' report on Berta Caceres' murder and publicly commit to vigorously implement its recommendations. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS719,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Senate,SENATE,SENATE,CALLTOORDER,S719,S719,,,172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S719] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [[Page S719]] Senate The Senate met at 3 p.m. and was called to order by the President pro tempore (Mr. Grassley). ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS719-6,2026-03-02,119,2,,,LEGISLATIVE SESSION,SENATE,SENATE,SLEGISLATIVE,S719,S728,"[{""name"": ""Chuck Grassley"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""John Thune"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Charles E. Schumer"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Richard J. Durbin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Andy Kim"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Richard Blumenthal"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Brian Schatz"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Adam B. Schiff"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Tim Kaine"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Jeff Merkley"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""John Barrasso"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S719-S728] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] LEGISLATIVE SESSION ______ HOUSING ACT FOR THE 21ST CENTURY ACT--Motion to Proceed The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senate will resume consideration of the motion to proceed to H.R. 6644, which the clerk will report. The senior assistant bill clerk read as follows: Motion to proceed to Calendar No. 343, H.R. 6644, a bill to increase the supply of housing in America, and for other purposes. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Iowa. Crime Victims Fund Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, I am going to refer to billions of dollars. I am not referring to billions of taxpayer dollars. I am visiting with you about billions of crime fines that are not collected. For many years, I have addressed and pressed the Justice Department to ensure that the Crime Victims Fund has sufficient resources. That fund supports victims and survivors of crime in our hometowns and all across America. Congress established the fund to be taxpayer-neutral. Its balances are filled through criminal fines and penalties that the Justice Department collects and deposits in that Crime Victims Fund. Last Congress, my oversight revealed that the Biden Justice Department failed to collect and deposit more than $1 billion in fines and penalties. The Biden-Harris administration was weak on crime and weak on protecting victims. Since my oversight, the balance of the fund has increased from $1 billion in 2023--the lowest in over a decade--to its current balance of $3.5 billion. Last April, this Senator, along with Senators Ernst, Crapo, and Risch, sent a letter to the Justice Department. In that letter, we urged the Justice Department to avoid the failures of the Biden administration. In June 2025, the Justice Department updated its policies to prioritize vindicating the rights of victims. It is a step in the right direction. According to the Department of Justice statistics, at the end of fiscal year 2024, the Department identified over $10 billion in outstanding criminal fines and penalties that remain uncollected. That money could help many victims and survivors of crime. On February 11 of this year, I, along with Senators Collins, Ernst, Crapo, and Risch, wrote to the Justice Department about their efforts to collect that money. Our letter highlighted two main points: First, collecting the money would hold criminals accountable. Second, collecting the money would provide a substantial boost to the Crime Victims Fund. We Senators urged the Justice Department in our letter to prioritize collecting these funds and to keep our offices updated on how those efforts to collect that money go. I look forward to hearing from the current Department of Justice about the status of these efforts so we can make sure that victims of crime are benefited from the bad aspects of criminal activity. I yield the floor. I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. The senior assistant bill clerk proceeded to call the roll. Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Waiving Quorum Call Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to waive the mandatory quorum call in relation to the motion to proceed to Calendar No. 343, H.R. 6644. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Recognition of the Majority Leader The majority leader is recognized. [[Page S720]] Iran Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, over the weekend, American forces took action against the longtime threat posed by the mullahs in Tehran. For decades, Iran has fomented terror throughout the Middle East, endangering U.S. servicemembers, U.S. citizens and personnel in the region, and many of our allies. In addition, Iran has relentlessly pursued the development of its own nuclear program, despite repeated violations identified by the international atomic watchdog, the IAEA. Iran is also aggressively growing the range and inventory of its ballistic missiles and launchers, an inventory that is already the largest in the region. Combine that with a Navy that aims to threaten a key shipping channel, and it is clear that Iran poses a serious risk to America's national security interests, as well as those of our allies and partners. President Trump and his administration relentlessly pursued a diplomatic solution to the threat posed by Iran, but the Iranian regime refused diplomatic off-ramps, so now the President is taking action. My prayers are for the success of the mission and, above all, for the safety of U.S. personnel in harm's way. Four U.S. servicemembers have lost their lives as a result of Iranian attacks. My thoughts and prayers today are with their families and loved ones and with their fellow servicemembers. Affordable Housing Mr. President, ask a group of people what they think of when they think of the American dream, and home ownership is pretty likely to come up: a house, a neighborhood, a yard for the kids or pet to play. Getting the keys to a place of your own, that is a part of the American dream for a lot of Americans, but it is a part of the American dream that has been out of reach for many. A lot of Americans, particularly younger Americans, are simply being priced out of the housing market. Home prices have risen sharply in the past few years, surging roughly 50 percent since the pandemic, according to the New York Times. A 2025 report from the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard reported: The US median existing single-family home price hit a new high of $412,500 in 2024, according to the National Association of Realtors. . . . This is a shocking five times the median household income and significantly above the price-to-income ratio of 3 that traditionally has been considered affordable. With numbers like these, it is no wonder that the age of first-time home buyers has risen sharply as well--to an alltime high of age 40. The American people have been through a lot over the last few years, notably the historic inflation crisis that defined the Biden administration. And since we took office last January, Republicans' priority here in Congress has been easing the burden on hard-working Americans. That started with preventing a massive $2.6 trillion tax hike that was scheduled to hit Americans making less than $400,000 a year. And it continued with a slew of new tax relief for hard-working Americans in the Working Families Tax Cuts, which Republicans passed last summer. There is nothing like having more money in your pocket to make it a little easier to deal with financial challenges and unexpected bills. In January of this year, we took aim at healthcare costs with a bill that included multiple measures to lower the price of prescription drugs at the pharmacy counter. And this week, we are tackling the challenges of home ownership and beginning work on the most significant housing bill in a decade or more. The ROAD to Housing Act, the product of extensive work from the Senate Banking Committee, particularly from its chairman Tim Scott, packages together a number of bills focused on lowering housing costs and increasing housing supply, and it takes aim at these goals in multiple ways. One primary focus of the bill is removing unnecessary regulatory barriers that drive up the costs of housing or complicate construction. The bill's Housing Supply Expansion Act, for example, which is the product of Senators Britt, Tillis, Crapo, and others, removes the outdated chassis requirement for manufactured housing. This will not only lower the cost of manufactured homes, but it will also allow for more innovation in the manufactured home design process, such as two- story houses. Manufactured homes are already substantially less expensive than site-built dwellings, and removing the outdated chassis rule will further increase their affordability and create more manufactured options that suit more families. And that is just the tip of the iceberg. Senator Rounds has multiple bills in the ROAD to Housing Act that will increase supply by streamlining the environmental review process. The Choice in Affordable Housing Act--the work of Senators Cramer, Sullivan, Moran, and Curtis, as well as others, will streamline inspection requirements for affordable homes financed by multiple government programs. And I could go on. There are a lot more measures in the ROAD to Housing Act to eliminate or streamline regulations. And with regulations accounting for around 25 percent of the costs of constructing a single-family dwelling and for roughly 40 percent of the costs of multifamily projects, anything we can do to streamline and simplify can go a long way toward making housing more affordable. But the ROAD to Housing Act does a lot more than simply targeting unnecessary regulations. The act is also designed to unleash private sector investment in more affordable homes. ROAD Act legislation from Senators Scott, Moreno, McCormick, Cassidy, and Crapo, for example, will increase the statutory cap that limits banks' ability to invest in more affordable housing and other community development projects. The Build Now Act from Senator Kennedy creates a pilot program to incentivize a wide variety of housing development in communities that participate in the Federal Community Development Block Grant Program. There is a lot more in the ROAD to Housing Act than I can discuss in one speech. There is much more I could say on the way these bills will streamline regulation and unleash investment, and I haven't even mentioned the bill's provisions to help veterans or increase the supply of housing in rural communities or help Americans living in government- assisted housing build the savings that they need for home ownership. There is a lot in this bill. And I want to extend my thanks to Banking Committee Chairman Scott and Ranking Member Elizabeth Warren for putting in the work to assemble so many good pieces of legislation and to get the final product to the floor. The ROAD to Housing Act doesn't spend a single taxpayer dollar. But by removing barriers to affordable housing construction and unleashing investment, this bill stands to open the door to affordable homes for hard-working Americans around the country. I look forward to passing this legislation in the very near future. I yield the floor. I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll. Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Recognition of the Minority Leader The Democratic leader is recognized. Iran Mr. SCHUMER. Well, Mr. President, today the Senate grieves the deaths of four U.S. servicemembers who were killed in action this weekend. We hold their families in our hearts; we pray for all American families who have loved ones serving right now in uniform; and we pray for everyone across the Middle East who are right now in harm's way--many who have relatives here in America, including relatives who have fled the regime in Iran and all who are worried for their families and friends back home across the region. Today, many Americans across the country and across the political spectrum are wondering: Why are our troops back in conflict in the Middle East? That is what Americans are wondering: Why has Donald Trump started a new war with Iran? Let me be clear. I will not shed a tear for Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader [[Page S721]] of Iran who was killed in the initial rounds of airstrikes over the weekend. For decades, Khamenei sponsored terrorist attacks against American troops. He called for the destruction of Israel and America. And under his rule, the people of Iran have suffered immensely. But no matter how you feel about the Iranian regime, we stand at a dangerous moment for our troops and for the Middle East and even, perhaps, for the world. Donald Trump has just launched America into a full-scale conflict against one of our most fervent adversaries without a plan, without an endgame, and without authorization from Congress or even a debate in full view of the American people. The consequences are already mounting. As I have said, four American servicemembers have been killed, several others have been wounded, and the President says many more casualties are likely to come. This is not what the American people want. The American people want more effective action to address the rising costs that are crushing them. They want more access to affordable healthcare and to buy homes and to get good-paying jobs. They don't want a war that leads to lost American lives and that costs billions and billions of taxpayer dollars. They don't want a war that raises the price of gas at the pump. Make no mistake about it, this is a war of choice, not necessity. And regardless of whether you are a Democrat or a Republican or an Independent or even if you don't pay attention to politics, there is one thing almost everyone agrees on: We are sick and tired of endless wars in the Middle East. And there is real danger that this is the road we are on right now. Americans are sick of Donald Trump paying so much attention to military escapades while costs keep going up here at home--Venezuela, Somalia, Iran, and on and on. Where is Donald Trump going to strike tomorrow? He is one of the most trigger-happy Presidents in all of American history. Donald Trump ran for office on the promise to wind down America's endless wars. What he is doing is exactly--exactly--the opposite. He is picking military fights all over the world and not taking care of business here at home. One year into office, Donald Trump has broken his promise to end forever wars again and again and again, from Venezuela to threats against Greenland to, now, a new war with Iran. Congress must act to rein in Donald Trump's belligerence. Very soon, the Senate will vote on a bipartisan War Powers Resolution I am leading with Senators Kaine and Schiff and Paul. Our resolution affirms what the Constitution already says: The President cannot send U.S. forces to fight a war in Iran without congressional approval. As soon as our resolution comes to the floor, Senators need to pick a side: Stand with Americans who don't want war, or stand with Donald Trump as he singlehandedly starts another war. I urge my colleagues to support our resolution. The American people will be watching how Senators vote, and they will remember those whose thumbs pointed yea and whose thumbs pointed nay. I yield the floor. I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll. Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, over the weekend, President Trump launched a military attack on Iran. While there has been bipartisan backing for stopping Iran's development of nuclear weapons for many years and its support for regional terrorist proxies to also come to an end, there is no consensus in America for another interminable war in the Middle East. A war in Iran could create another long-term military commitment with deadly consequences. Already, we see the tragic death of four U.S. servicemembers and serious injury of others, as well as attacks in nine countries around the region. The impulsiveness of President Trump, particularly without congressional approval on matters of war, is of further concern. Article I, section 8 of the Constitution says the American people should make this decision through their elected Members of Congress. The power to declare war in our Constitution is an explicit power of Congress. I think back to a statement made on the floor by my colleague and friend Senator Tim Kaine when he discussed this section of the Constitution. He made note of the fact that the person who was leading that discussion at the time was George Washington, the most famous general in the history of the United States, a military leader whose prowess brought us to this moment of opportunity in history. And yet, here was George Washington at the Constitutional Convention, endorsing a document which said, when it came to the decisions of war, it was beyond the President; it was for the American people to make through Congress. Under the law, the President--Congress overwhelmingly affirmed this provision when it passed the War Powers Act of 1973, over the veto of President Nixon. I remember that era very well. It was the controversy of the Vietnam war and the decision of Congress to stand firm on the proposition that the Constitution would prevail and that Congress would ultimately make the decision. President Nixon challenged that decision by Congress, vetoed the bill, and the Congress rallied enough troops--congressional troops, that is--when it came to Democrats and Republicans, to override President Nixon's veto of the War Powers Act. There are many critics of the War Powers Act today. I am not one of them. Certainly, it can be improved, but it came at a time in our history when Congress stood up as an institution and said to the President: You are wrong. You are asking for more power than the Constitution gives you. Under the War Powers Act, the President has the authority to approve military attacks as it responds to an imminent threat or with the expressed authorization of Congress. Neither of those things apply in the situation today with Iran. Let me be clear: The Iranian regime sponsors terrorism, wants to destroy Israel, and undermines U.S. interests. They have pursued nuclear weapons, and they are guilty of brutal repression of their people. These issues are troubling, but they don't result in our ignoring the Constitution. They shouldn't. I support Senator Kaine's War Powers Resolution requiring congressional approval for any further war with Iran. Our Founders were very wise with this point: One should never send our sons and daughters into war without the consent of the people. I have made this argument throughout my congressional career, regardless of whether the occupant of the White House was a Democrat or a Republican. Department of Homeland Security Mr. President, on a separate topic, tomorrow, the Senate Judiciary Committee will convene an oversight hearing where it will finally hear from DHS Secretary Kristi Noem. We have seen her on television. We have seen her on Capitol Hill. We have never seen her officially in the Senate Judiciary Committee. Tomorrow will be the first time. I want to thank Chairman Grassley for holding onto the hearing after months and months of stonewalling by the Secretary. She said she was just too busy to come and appear before the Senate Judiciary Committee. When I was chair of that committee, I restored the longstanding tradition of regular oversight hearings with the DHS Secretary because holding the executive branch accountable is one of our constitutional responsibilities. Under Secretary Noem's leadership, DHS is operating without a moral compass or any respect for the rule of law. Tomorrow, she must answer for this recklessness. The administration has claimed that it is targeting the ``worst of the worst.'' But DHS's own data shows that during the President's first year back in office, fewer than 14 percent of those arrested had charges or convictions for violent offenses. Think of that. This is supposed to be an effort to stop deadly, criminal, illegal aliens--immigrants--in this country, and yet when we look at the record [[Page S722]] of the ICE operation and DHS, in this current scene, what we find is that six out of seven people detained and arrested by this effort have no criminal record--six out of seven--including many who have been American citizens swept up in this paramilitary operation. Here is the reality: The administration has not backed down from Stephen Miller's arbitrary quota of 3,000 arrests a day. A number like that cannot be met if you focus on stopping the ``worst of the worst'' living in the United States. To meet that number, ICE is casting a wider net, sweeping up American citizens, people with legal status, Dreamers--DACA--and people with no criminal record--people who built their lives and raised their children here, becoming valued members of our communities. The administration says it is going after the gangsters. They are going after the gardeners. Let's call this for what it is--political theater and deliberate cruelty intended to terrorize our communities. My home State of Illinois saw it play out in the streets with dangerous consequences. Last month, I met Marimar Martinez, a U.S. citizen and a teacher in a Montessori school in Chicago. On a Saturday morning in October, she was taking a load of clothes to her local church to share with people who needed them. She was stopped on Kedzie Avenue. During a Capitol Hill spotlight hearing, she told us the story of what happened next. She didn't do anything provocative, and ICE agents turned their weapons on her and shot her five times--five times. Miraculously, she survived, but the agent involved in shooting her bragged about shooting her and covering up the evidence in his post to his friends. The administration brought trumped-up charges against her. And what happened several weeks later? They dropped all the charges. After shooting this innocent woman five times in the streets of Chicago, saying that she was a domestic terrorist, they dropped every charge against her in the weeks that followed. Judges appointed by both political parties have ruled against the government in thousands of cases, challenging detention of immigrants after these aggressive, many times unnecessary, enforcement options. But the administration continues to violate hundreds of court orders. The American people are sick and tired of seeing this campaign of terror and lawlessness unfold before our very eyes. That is why Senate Democrats have drawn a hard line in the DHS funding negotiations, demanding commonsense, basic police reforms to rein in ICE's lawlessness. These reforms include removing the masks, displaying identification, stopping roving patrols, obtaining judicial warrants to enter private homes, and following the same use-of-force standards that law enforcement agencies across America already follow. Tomorrow, Secretary Noem will finally come in before the Senate Judiciary Committee and answer for what happened on her watch. Believe me, she has a lot to answer for. Under her leadership, DHS has become President Trump's de facto paramilitary force, an Agency determined to violate court orders, lie to the American people, disregard our amendments and the Bill of Rights, and racially profile immigrants and U.S. citizens alike with the Kavanaugh stops. The American people are demanding answers. It is the duty of the Senate Judiciary Committee to ask these important questions. My Democratic colleagues and I intend to do just that. I yield the floor. Mr. KIM. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. Britt). Without objection, it is so ordered. Iran Mr. KIM. Madam President, I rise today to give voice to the American people. It is the American people who have had their sons and daughters sent to war. It is the American people who will worry and sacrifice and suffer because of the decision made with little regard for them. It is the American people who deserve to have a say when we send our servicemembers into harm's way. It is the American people whose voice has not been listened to as we woke up yet again this weekend to a new war in the Middle East. I am proud to stand with my colleagues and cosponsor this resolution. This isn't just a resolution that pits one branch of government against another. Yes, Congress has a constitutional responsibility to declare war, which is what the President called this--in his own words, he said that this was a war--but Congress has a deeper responsibility to speak on behalf of the American people. We are here to speak on behalf of the American people because the Trump administration hasn't been listening to them. I was a college student a generation ago when our country invaded Iraq. In the weeks before the invasion, George W. Bush delivered a State of the Union Address where he said--falsely--that Iraq was hiding efforts to produce weapons of mass destruction, and he spoke about proving America's ``resolve.'' Less than a week ago, President Trump came here to the Capitol to deliver his State of the Union Address. He made little effort to make a case to the American people of the need for a military operation in Iran--just a few words in the longest ever State of the Union Address-- but he did speak about proving America's ``resolve.'' We have seen this before. A President manufactures an imminent threat, chooses to start a war with unclear objectives, and uses America's resolve as an excuse for war without end because they have no plan to end it. But unlike 2003, President Trump refused to make the case to the American people. Right in his State of the Union Address, he refused to make the case. And he refuses to seek approval from Congress for the use of military force, as President Bush did in 2003. I believe that this is unacceptable. More importantly, the American people believe it too. A week and a half ago, with rumors of war circulating, I held a townhall in Asbury Park, NJ, and I asked the people there: Raise your hand if you want Donald Trump to order an attack on Iran. Nobody did. I asked them--a couple hundred people were in attendance--to raise their hand if they believed the American people should have a say in any decision that sends American sons and daughters into harm's way in Iran. Everyone's hand went up. Before being elected to Congress, I spent much of my career in national security--at the Pentagon, in Afghanistan, Iraq, in the White House National Security Council--working on countering Iranian terrorism. I know that the threat from Iran demands a serious approach, and I know that the approach this administration is taking is not a serious one and is risking long-term damage to the United States and its interests, not to mention the short-term harm and tragedy that we have seen as now the death toll of American servicemembers is up to six. President Trump and his administration made no serious attempt to find a diplomatic solution to the threat Iran posed to the world. He sent negotiators who are already tasked with negotiating with Russia and Ukraine, with Israel and Palestine. Avoiding war through diplomacy cannot be a part-time job. He took no real steps to bring our allies and partners into the effort that could create a safer world without the use of military force. President Trump had no meaningful strategy for pressuring Iran through sanctions that actually targeted the regime, not the Iranian people. Donald Trump's administration and the Republicans in this Congress have actively cut programs, like internet freedom efforts, that undermined Iranians who were speaking out in their own attempts to bring freedom and stability to the country. While failing to pursue a more sustainable solution, President Trump planned to put Americans in harm's way with this military operation. That is where the planning clearly stopped. Asked yesterday how long this war will go on for, Donald Trump said 4 weeks, then 4 to 5 weeks, while also saying ``As long as we want it to.'' This morning, the President refused to rule out the use of American ground troops in Iran. He said: [[Page S723]] I don't have the yips with respect to boots on the ground. This came after he said multiple times that he expects servicemembers to be killed in this operation. An open-ended war isn't just antithetical to what the American people want, it is dangerous and unpredictable. We have seen this path before. Pursuing regime change can have significant unintended consequences, and there is no guarantee that what comes next will be better. Trump's shifting of objectives raises questions about whether it will be enough and whether our military will be back at this again in just a few months, as they are today following the strikes last summer that Trump claimed obliterated the nuclear program he now calls a threat yet again. Beyond the near term, this military operation will have lasting consequences even after the bombs stop falling. Donald Trump may think that ``might makes right,'' but history proves him wrong. We have the benefit of a generation of time from the last time we were in this situation. Might may have led to regime change in Iraq, but it made our country less secure by doing lasting damage to America's reputation and spawning new threats while weakening our ability to engage globally. It led to more than 4,400 Americans killed. It cost our country trillions of dollars--not just in military spending but in the cost of caring for the tens of thousands of servicemembers wounded and injured during that war. It is why, in a Pew survey of recent years, 62 percent of all Americans said that the Iraq war was not worth fighting. That number, by the way, was higher with those who fought in it. Sixty-four percent of veterans of the war said it was not worth it. That is why it is so important that we take actions right now. Let's be clear. Donald Trump chose this war, but it was not his choice to make. It is the American people who deserve to have a say. With this vote that we are pushing forward on, we not only have an opportunity to ensure that the voices of the American people are heard, we have an obligation to ensure that the mistakes of the past are not repeated. I urge my colleagues to join in this bipartisan effort and vote yes. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Connecticut. Mr. BLUMENTHAL. Madam President, I received a text just a couple of hours ago from a Connecticut serviceman, serving in the Middle East directly in harm's way, who asked me a very simple question: What is the vision of success? And I am trying to formulate for him an answer that does justice to his sacrifice, that keeps faith with his family and the tens of thousands of other service men and women whose bravery is unquestionable. Their skill is undoubtable. Bravery and skill are not a strategy and, alone, are not a vision of success. We have said countless times that war must be a last resort, never a first choice. Yet the administration seems to be engaging in a war of choice that is needless and reckless, conducted chaotically, and, most alarmingly, spreading and widening throughout the region. It is no longer a conflict involving only the United States and Iran or the United States and Israel with Iran; it is now a regional conflagration. War demands precision and discipline in formulating goals and strategy, in conducting the kinetic operations that are the foundation for success. But in this war, which has been rejected while diplomacy is still within reach, the administration has failed to present the American people with a clear objective, an end game, or an exit strategy, and it shows exactly why the Founders said that the Congress should have the power to declare war. Not only does the Congress speak for the American people, and they must be the ones to approve war, but an arbitrary and reckless use of war power is more likely when it is done by an autocrat who claims and seizes authoritarian power. There is a discipline imposed when democracy functions, and democracy demands passage of the War Powers Act. That is the reason that I will vote for it and why I have supported it. What is the vision of success? The President has been all over the place in his statements on Truth Social, earlier today on TV--snippets of conversation, 1 or 2 minutes long, with reporters individually. It may be deposing a regime, but so far, there has been change within the regime but no regime change. It may be stopping nuclear capacity, but the President said just last June that its capacity had been obliterated. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said just half an hour or so ago that the goal was to destroy the ballistic missile capability of Iran before they ``cross the line of immunity in . . . a year or a year and a half.'' Crossing the line of immunity in a year or a year and a half is no imminent threat. Iran has had ballistic missiles for years and the capacity to produce them. The simple fact is, there is no imminent threat, and my colleagues have said publicly that their intelligence briefings indicate there was no imminent threat either to the homeland or to our allies in the region that justify this attack on Iran. The simple fact is, Donald Trump is workshopping a war. He is making it up as he goes along in real time. He is inventing and discarding and reviving objectives as though he were a child playing with a puzzle, trying to fit the pieces into a coherent whole. There is no coherent whole right now, and it ought to anger the American people that lives are put at risk, that resources are spent, that the region is now on fire without a strategy or an explanation from the President to the American people. Maybe most alarming, the administration continues to talk about regime change. Well, history teaches that regime change almost inevitably leads to boots on the ground and prolonged American involvement. The simple fact is that regime change cannot be achieved at 30,000 feet. Airpower alone has never delivered regime change. It is a matter of simple common sense. Bombing cannot achieve a change in the governmental structure of a country. The President has asked that the people of Iran rise up and change their regime. It is an invitation to slaughter innocent lives, potentially lost because of a President that seems to promise relief that he cannot or will not deliver, unless our sons and daughters in uniform are put on the ground in Iran with the burden on them in blood and years lost away from home and wounds that last long after the fighting ends. The President has thrust our Nation into a widening war that risks almost inevitable expansion without making the case to the American people, without seeking congressional authorization, without explaining how the conflict ends, and maybe, most egregiously, without building support among the American people. We sat in the Chamber last week for a speech lasting 108 minutes. Only 3 of those minutes were devoted to Iran and in a very cursory, superficial way. He has failed to build support from the American people because this war is against their wishes. He knows it is against their wishes because he promised he would not engage in such a war; that he would end wars, not start them; that forever wars would be an anathema. Yet that is the risk we face now, a forever war. Whether it is short or long, a war must be approved by this body. I want to be clear, a nuclear-armed Iran is unacceptable. Iran's malign activities throughout the region, its support for terrorist proxies, its killing its own people, its killing Americans--this regime has blood on its hands, not just the group that was killed in the attack most recently, but the entire regime. Its destabilizing actions impose a severe danger to us and to our allies, and its terrorist proxies will continue to cause death and destruction throughout the region. So the broad concern about this regime and the threat it imposes is well-justified. The President stopped negotiations that might have achieved the same ends that he is seeking here. And we have seen this story before, the absence of a clear end state, disregard for diplomacy, military action for regime change. The President risks repeating some of the most painful chapters in our history, conflicts that were entered with great confidence and bravado but prolonged without defined purpose or exit--unilateral action without lawful authorization. This is not how constitutional democracies decide matters [[Page S724]] of war, and we must not underestimate our adversaries amidst this uncertainty. Iran is weakened, but it is far from incapable. Iranian strikes have already killed six servicemembers and the President himself has said there will be more casualties. It is not a narrow engagement. It is a regional conflict touching many countries, many domains, and, potentially, many fronts. My foremost concern is for the safety and well-being of the men and women in our Armed Forces, like the one who texted me earlier today, along with their families who are now in harm's way. I salute their bravery. I pray for their protection. But bravery is not a strategy. Hope is not a strategy. We must remember that civilians are also caught in the crossfire: Families in Iran, in Israel, across the region, these lives have been tragically changed by this widening conflict. After 20 years of war in the Middle East, after all the lives lost, trillions spent, and promises of quick victory that stretched into years and years of sacrifice, we should be cautious, not reckless, about another potentially open-ended conflict. Iran's pursuit of nuclear capability, its support for terrorist proxies, its repeated attack on American personnel are dangerous, destabilizing, destructive. They have armed militias across the region. They have threatened Israel's security. So we must be vigilant and resolute, but vigilance is not a strategy either. Wars are unpredictable. Vigilance does not mean impulsiveness. Vigilance requires strategy and objectives clearly defined. The Constitution is clear: Congress alone has the authority to declare war and approve it. It is a necessary part of the process. The War Powers Act requires that the President inform and consult Congress when introducing American forces into hostile facilities. These requirements are not optional. They are not procedural niceties. They are the constitutional requirements that must be obeyed. The question is raised by many: How long will this conflict be prolonged? The simple fact is the President has said 4, 5 weeks, maybe longer, maybe shorter. We know for sure that the President alone can't answer that question. The enemy has a vote. The enemy can prolong this war. President Trump has chosen the path of war that could lead to American men and women on the ground in Iran without explanation, without imminent threat, without clearly defined objectives. This decision carries consequences that will long outlast his Presidency. We have a duty constitutionally to act on the War Powers Act. I hope my colleagues will join me in supporting it. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Hawaii. Mr. SCHATZ. Madam President, this is a war of choice. It did not have to happen. There was no imminent threat from Iran. The indications right up until the attacks were that negotiations were actually trending well. And remember, if Donald Trump hadn't pulled out of the JCPOA to begin with, Iran's nuclear program would have continued to be managed. This is the President of the United States asserting that he can do whatever he wants, wherever he wants, with the most powerful military in history at his disposal. It is important to point out that a lot of people put Donald Trump in office because he promised to oppose forever wars. It was central to his foreign policy pitch as a candidate for over a decade. But what we have seen over the past 2 months alone is a President that is eager to use kinetic force as a first option and then figure it out from there. The challenge with the Venezuela action was that our men and women in the military and intelligence agencies executed that thing so efficiently and effectively that I think Donald Trump got it into his head: This is great. What else you got? This is great. Are we doing this in Cuba? Are we doing this in Iran? What else you got? So he gets on an airplane, and he starts shooting the breeze with Members of the Republican Congress, and he decides in that moment on Air Force One to start a war--to start a war. In the days after capturing Nicolas Maduro, the administration offered up confusing and contradictory claims. They said the United States was going to run Venezuela indefinitely but then left most of the illegitimate Maduro regime in place. They said American companies would go in and build the refineries, even though most of the American companies said they wanted nothing to do with it. Maybe, most confusingly, they said the United States would control oil sales but not the revenue of those sales. Two months later, we still don't know what their plan is. And that was easy compared to this. That was easy compared to this. There is no coherent strategy, much less an attempt to even explain it. I want everybody to understand how unique this is in American history--maybe world history--to have a leader say: I declare war, and I will let you know why later. I am going to send Secretary Hegseth out there to say some things that are kind of indecipherable, then Secretary Rubio, certainly a better communicator, but also indecipherable. Then the President of the United States has a press conference, presumably to explain himself, and he is personally so distracted by the ballroom renovation that it makes me sound like I am some person who is so obsessed with Donald Trump that I watch MSNBC, I have an IV drip of MSNBC and TikTok to make me hate this President. But actually, that is what he did. He took a kinetic action against another country and then when it was his time to explain why, he sort of talked a bit about it, but then he was really passionate about the curtains that he chose, about the color of the ballroom, about the jackhammers running from 6:30 a.m. to 11 p.m. That is his passion, and he is letting these neoconservatives run wild within his administration. I want to make a very specific point about tomorrow's--hopefully tomorrow's--War Powers Resolution introduced by Senator Kaine and others to block the use of American forces in Iran. I will support that, of course. But make no mistake, if a War Powers Resolution is defeated, that does not constitute an authorization of the use of military force. The way this works is that a President has some flexibility to basically take a kinetic action to use the U.S. military to protect American interests if there is an imminent threat. What do we mean by imminent threat? It is what it sounds like. They are about to attack us. And Secretary Rubio--again, very good communicator and I talk to him all the time--he said it about an hour and a half ago. He said it. The imminent threat--I want you to listen to this logic chain--the imminent threat to the United States was that Israel was going to attack Iran, and we anticipated that in retaliation, Iran was going to attack our interests, therefore, imminent threat. That is not what we mean by imminent threat. There are no bank shots when we are describing an imminent threat. If we want to conduct a war of choice--and we have in the past--we need hearings, we need briefings, we need a proper debate, and then we need a vote on the authorization of the use of military force that is foundational to the oath of office that we took when we became U.S. Senators. This is actually not a particularly controversial point, except that we are in this very weird moment where I think the public was sort of not tracking at all that maybe the President was going to wake up one morning and go: Why don't we go to war with Iran? I will explain it to you over a period of time. I understand that his method of communication is, if nothing else, rather unconventional and meandering and contingent and that he thinks he is preserving his optionality: Maybe it will be short. Maybe it will be long. We will see what happens--all that stuff. You can't do that with the American people. The American people are not his negotiating counterpart. They are the foundation that you need if you are going to take military action. If you are going to go to war, you need the American people behind you, and you need them to understand: Why in the heck are we doing this? Do I think Iran is a malevolent actor in the region and even across the planet? Of course, I do. But that is not the question at hand. The question at hand [[Page S725]] is, Why in the world are we trying to do another regime change? Iraq, Libya, Vietnam--I don't care what you think should happen. This is a question of what is very likely to happen based on what always happens when our best designs and our extraordinary, trained, courageous military executes well. In the first couple of days, there are two things that everybody does. They correctly praise our U.S. servicemembers, and then they say--if anybody raises any objections, they go: Oh, do you want that bad guy still in power? Is that what you want? Of course, I don't want a bad guy in power. However, the world is full of bad guys in power. So the question at hand is not ``Do I wish there were better people in charge of other countries?'' but, rather, ``Has it met the threshold for the U.S. Government to declare war against another country, especially in a region where we keep screwing it up?'' That is not a rhetorical question. I sound like Donald Trump a year and a half ago. He just is so fixated. I don't know if it is the ballroom or his legacy or some sort of revenge fantasy about Iran, but this man is not thinking clearly either politically or geostrategically. Geostrategically, this is a terrible decision, and he has no plan for what happens next. His view is just like it was in Venezuela: We are going to decapitate the person we don't like. We will get a client state--not so easy in Iran, not so easy in Iran. And these things have a terrible tendency to metastasize. They really do. After the Iraq war--my goodness--I thought there was going to be bipartisan consensus that we are not going to go into a war of choice again. Congress has a duty not just to check a reckless President but also to represent the will of the people, and the American people-- left, right, and center--do not want another regime-change war in the Middle East. It is about time our President started paying attention to the American people. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from California. Mr. SCHIFF. Madam President, we are at war once again--this time with Iran. It is a war that the President declared, incidentally, almost accidentally when he talked about the prospect of casualties among our brave servicemembers being a possible outcome--an outcome that has already, all too tragically, come to pass with the deaths of six of our troops and the grave injuries of others. The massive size of the deployment also makes clear this is war in a real sense, in a constitutional sense--the scale of the bombing, the danger to not only our forces in the region but to all of our regional partners, the Iranian retaliation through the Persian Gulf, the closing of the Straits of Hormuz, the bombing of our bases, the bombing of ships--Iranian ships and those of our allies. As for the length of the deployment, the President says it could be weeks--at least a month or more. He is unwilling to rule out the threat of boots on the ground-- American boots on the ground. The President says he may go there. All of this inescapably points to the fact that we are at war. We are at war once again. Once again, we are at war without an imminent threat of attack on the United States. The President said the Iranian nuclear capability had been obliterated. That was false, but there was no evidence presented by the President that the Iranians were making a mad dash to develop the bomb, no evidence that the centrifuges were spinning out weapons-grade uranium, no evidence they were close to developing the mechanism of a bomb--none. Despite the President's bizarre claim they were 2 weeks away from having a bomb, there is no evidence to support such a baseless, intelligence-free claim, nor is there evidence that the Iranians had developed a missile capability that could hit the United States--none. To suggest such things brings painfully to mind the false claims and the overhype of intelligence that got us into the war in Iraq. Have we learned nothing? We are at war once again. We are at war once again without congressional authorization. The Constitution gives Congress alone the power to declare war. That power was placed in our hands by our Founders, not by accident but by design. They feared an Executive grown too fond of warmaking. And given that now this is at least the third broad use of military force by this President, I believe the Founders' worst fears have come to pass. He is too fond of going to war to gain the oil assets of one country and to engage in the regime change of another. Have we given up any semblance of allegiance to that part of our Constitution--the war power--even as we appear to have surrendered our other great power--the power of the purse? Are we now a mere constitutional afterthought--not a paper tiger-- indeed, not a tiger at all--unable to constrain a runaway Executive, unwilling to even demand a vote on an authorization to use force when our troops are getting killed, uncomprehending of the long-term damage we do to our system of checks and balances, of the license we are giving a future President to do as they please, to make war as they will, and be confident that Congress will not make a peep of the license we give to other powers around the world to use force, not diplomacy, in Ukraine, Taiwan, or elsewhere? We are at war once again. We are at war once again over regime change. We have killed the Ayatollah Khamenei. Good riddance. He was a brutal dictator who slaughtered his own people and sponsored terrorism around the region for decades that claimed American lives and threatened to wipe Israel off the map. Good riddance. Our military attack killed him and over 40 other leaders of the regime. This may have only rid the world of part of the regime, but make no mistake, this war is about regime change. The President has urged Iranians to rise up and take control of their country. He has told them that this may be the last chance they have to do so. He has bragged that no other President has given them this opportunity. Pete Hegseth may try to deny it, but this is what regime change is all about. And regime change is messy. Don't take my word for it. Take his, the President's--this President's--who says that regime-change wars unleash chaos. Yes, they do, and that is what this war has unleashed. And what of the brave Iranian people, who have been urged to rise up against their rulers to bring down armed IRGC goons without having the arms themselves to do so? If they do--if they rise up--are we prepared to support them? If they are mowed down, will we come to their rescue or will we simply mourn their passing? What is the plan? What are the contingencies? Why has the President left our country and the Iranian people in the dark? Could it be because there is no plan, and there is only hope? Have we learned nothing from Afghanistan? Have we learned nothing from Iraq and elsewhere that it is difficult, costly, dangerous, time- consuming, and deadly to try to change a country, to try to change a culture, to build a new nation in our image or any other, and that it is impossible to do so through the dropping of bombs, the firing of missiles, even long-term occupation? My fellow Americans, we are at war once again, and I join my fellow cosponsors of this War Powers Resolution, once again, to urge your support; to demand that this President, if he believes the threat is imminent, that war is justified, that the deaths of our troops are justified, that the expenditure of billions--not on the American people, not on their healthcare, their groceries, or their housing--is worth the cost, to come before this Congress, this Senate, the American people, and make the case for a war authorization; to make the case now before other servicemembers are killed or, if not, to cease and desist from further hostilities. I urge a ``yea'' vote. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Virginia. Mr. KAINE. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that Senator Merkley and I be permitted to speak for up to 10 minutes each prior to the scheduled rollcall vote. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. KAINE. Madam President, I want to thank my colleague from California and my cosponsor on the War Powers Resolution, which will be heard within the next 48 hours or so. [[Page S726]] I spoke on this at some length on Thursday, before the President launched the U.S. attack on Iran on Saturday morning, and I asked the question: Have we learned nothing from 25 years of war in the Middle East? Have we learned nothing? Have we learned nothing from nearly two decades-plus of war against Iraq and Afghanistan? And I wanted to go into: What did the wars against Iraq and Afghanistan mean? Because they mean some things that should compel us to learn some lessons. And then I will talk about, at least, a couple of lessons we should learn. In Afghanistan, 2,324 U.S. servicemembers were killed--uniformed troops and DOD civilians--and 3,917 U.S. citizens who were contractors were killed. So 6,241 people were killed--American servicemembers and contractors--and 20,913 military personnel were injured in Afghanistan. The injuries among our contractors is unknown. There was a number that it was up to 2,500 by March 2007, but we were there until 2021. So the actual number is much higher. So 6,241 Americans were killed in Afghanistan, and as far as we know, probably more than 25,000 U.S. military personnel and contractors were injured. Afghan civilians: 46,319 Afghan civilians' deaths have been directly attributed to the war in Afghanistan. What was the cost to the American taxpayer of the war in Afghanistan? It was $2.3 trillion in total cost, including the interest and the future obligation for veterans care for the veterans who served so honorably. So when I ask about ``Have we learned anything in the last 25 years from the war in Afghanistan?'' those 6,241 deaths, 25,000 injuries, and $2.3 trillion should have taught us something. Iraq: 4,598 U.S. military personnel were killed in Iraq. I remember, early in my time as Governor, going to Iraq to visit the Virginia Guard troops who were deployed there and going to the base where somebody I went to church with, who was a State employee at our department of social services, had been killed. So 4,598 U.S. personnel were killed, and 3,650 U.S. contractors were killed in Iraq, totaling 8,248 American servicemembers and contractors killed in Iraq. The total killed in both Iraq and Afghanistan: 14,489 Americans lost their lives. Each one of them had a name; each one of them had a family; each one of them had a life of experience; each one of them had a future that was never to be. We ought to have learned something from this. In Iraq, 32,000 of our troops were injured, and another 10,569 contractors were injured--that should teach us something. And in the Iraqi civilian population--this was a harder one to analyze and estimate--but the estimates are somewhere between 185,000 to 208,000 Iraqi civilians were killed. And the total cost of the Iraq war, to add to the $2.3 trillion of the war in Afghanistan, was $2.9 trillion, and that is the military costs, plus the veterans' care. If you add up the cost of both of these wars--the cost of the war, the cost of the veterans' care, and then the interest on the debt we incurred to pay for the war--the total cost to American taxpayers of 25 years of war in Iraq and Afghanistan was nearly $8 trillion. Here is a statistic that stunned me: As of 2021, nearly 31,000 U.S. servicemembers and veterans who served in the 9/11 era--post-9/11 era died by suicide, four times the number of servicemembers who were killed. We should have learned something. We should have learned something. What are the lessons that we should learn from this carnage? From 14,489 of our Americans killed, from 66,000 of our troops and contractors injured--all this civilian death, all this money, what should we learn? First, that we should not be going into a war in the Middle East, or anywhere, without a good, solid reason that has had its tires kicked and that has demonstrated that it is of a magnitude sufficient to warrant losses that could reach this scale. So what is the reason asserted for going to war with Iran? The President has asserted many reasons: We are doing it to stop their nuclear program. But he obliterated it 6 months ago, and he had a diplomatic deal that controlled it that he tore up 7 or 8 years ago. So it is not about the nuclear program. We want to protect Iranian protestors. But wait a minute. This President is deporting to Iran Iranian refugees living in the United States, including Iranian refugees who will be persecuted in Iran because of their religion. He doesn't care about Iranians being mistreated by the regime. We need to go to war to stop a ballistic missile program. But the intelligence, as publicly reported, suggests that the missile program does not pose a danger to the U.S. mainland for at least a decade. The President tweeted the other night: We should go to war with Iran--or suggested because they interfered in the 2020 election. He is blaming them because he still can't admit that he lost the--is that what we should send our sons and daughters into war for, because the President can't admit that he lost the 2020 election? Or maybe it is about oil. What are the two nations that the President has invaded? Venezuela and Iran. Boy, they are really different nations, except there is one thing about them that is in common: They are both oil-producing nations. This President has asserted no real reason that is clear to the American public, and that is why the American public, so far, is so against this. And then the other thing is, we shouldn't go in and run this risk with no reasons; and even if you have a reason, you shouldn't go in without a plan. So what is the plan? The President has said it would be 2 or 3 days. The President has said it will be 5 or 6 weeks. The President said: I am not going to rule out boots on the ground. The President has said: We will bomb until we are done and then, Iranians, take over your government. That is the plan? We are going to bomb until we stop and then it is a jump ball for whoever wants to take over? That is not a plan. It is not a plan that is well-designed when Kuwait shoots down three U.S. F-15s. Kuwait is an ally. We are working together with Kuwait. And in the opening days of this, if an ally is shooting down three U.S. F- 15s because: Oh, wow, we didn't realize they were U.S. planes, what kind of a plan is that? There is no rationale, and there is no plan; and without a rationale or a plan, why would we ignore the lessons of the last 25 years? Look, I pray, just like we all do, that the consequences of Iran will not be those that I read to you earlier: the consequences of Iraq and the consequences in Afghanistan. But Iran is a bigger nation than both with a bigger population than both and a more powerful military than both. We went into Iraq and achieved what many thought was a very prompt victory: Mission accomplished. We will be viewed as liberators. It seemed like it was smooth sailing a month in, and then 10 years later, those numbers kept racking up and racking up and racking up. To use Lincoln's words from his second inaugural address, ``Fondly do we hope--fervently do we pray''--that consequences of a war against Iran will not be what were the consequences of wars against Iraq and Afghanistan, but we would be foolish to stand here and say we know they will not be. We have to have the humility to acknowledge, with the fact that U.S. servicemembers have already lost their lives and been injured, that we could face serious consequences--serious consequences in the loss and death of our troops, serious consequences of instability in the region, serious consequences in rising energy prices for Americans. Who in the world will be the chief beneficiary of energy prices going up--the cost of oil going up? I will tell you who: Vladimir Putin. Russia has an economy that is very centered on oil exports and on the prices of natural gas, and Vladimir Putin has just seen a massive surplus likely come into the Russian state treasury for a significant period of time, as long as energy prices are elevated by this war in the Middle East. We will have this War Powers vote within the next 48 hours or so, and every Member of this body will do the most solemn thing any of us ever do: Vote on whether the United States should be at war. That sounds like an abstraction. Vote on whether we want to send our own kids--our own sons and [[Page S727]] daughters, the most precious resource we have in this country--into a war that could end up like the wars we have just recently exited in the same region. I pray so hard for my colleagues to exercise the judgment that this is not the right time for more war. If more war with Iran would be the answer, we have been at war with them essentially since 1953 when we toppled their democratically elected government, and it has been back and forth for 70 years--us striking them, them striking us, us striking them, them striking us. Hundreds and hundreds--thousands of people killed. If more war were the answer, we would have found it before now. It is not the answer now. I pray that my colleagues will support the War Powers Resolution. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oregon. Trump Administration Mr. MERKLEY. Madam President, I so much appreciate the studied and thoughtful words of my colleague from Virginia, and I appreciate his leadership on the War Powers Resolution that we will be voting on, as he put it, within the next 48 hours. My question is: Is the United States still a republic? Do we still have a Constitution that means anything? That Constitution assigns taxation authority to Congress, but this body sat idle while President Trump stole the taxation authority through his tariffs for a year. No other President even considered the possibility of stealing the power of taxation. They always came--including for tariffs--they always came to Congress because that is what the Constitution says. The responsibility is here. The power of the purse is assigned to Congress in the Constitution. That is the defining difference between an authoritarian strongman government and a democratic republic. It is the representatives of every corner of the land coming together and designing the programs and deciding how much those programs should be funded, and it is the responsibility of the President to carry out those programs. But this President decided not to. He canceled program after program that was authorized and funded by Congress--by law--with the words: I am canceling this program because it doesn't align with the priorities of this administration. Under our Constitution, the President doesn't get to do that, but this body sat idle allowing the President to steal the power of the purse, and yet we took an oath to the Constitution and did nothing to defend it when the President violated it. And now the power of war. The Constitution assigns that power directly to Congress. Madison noted: [T]he Executive is the branch of power most interested in war, and most prone to it. [The Constitution] has accordingly, with studied care, vested the question . . . in the legislature. And yet President Trump just launched a war. He didn't call it a strike or a limited strike. He launched a war. He called it a war. It is a war. It was a surprise attack. I was thinking about how we felt when Japan launched a surprise attack on Hawaii. Now, we have done that to Iran. Consider that parallel. And we did it while we were in the middle of negotiations. We did it while we were saying negotiations were going very well, and yet we launched a surprise, devastating attack that the President says he will pursue for week after week until the job is done. But what is the job? There was no imminent threat to the United States of America. Now, on the way walking over here from my office, a reporter said: Marco Rubio has clarified there was an imminent threat and that the imminent threat was that Israel was going to strike Iran and Iran would retaliate against bases in the region so we had to go to war. Are we now such an enfeebled Nation that Israel decides when we go to war? And we couldn't just say to Netanyahu: Hell no, you are not going to strike Iran. Are we, like, on the leash--we are the puppy dog on the leash held by Binyamin Netanyahu? Is that what has become of the great United States of America? And yet, if the information that I was told on the way here, that the argument now is the imminent threat that we had to respond to was that Netanyahu was going to strike Iran and thus the risk of retaliation and thus we needed to strike Iran first, well, what about the option of telling Binyamin: Hell no, you are not going to do that. We are in the middle of negotiations that are going quite well to end the threat that Iran poses in developing nuclear weapons. And by the way, they aren't developing nuclear weapons. And by the way, we had a diplomatic path that was pretty phenomenal. Shouldn't it always be diplomacy before war? And we had diplomacy. Diplomacy--setting out an agreement in which Iran dismantled its plutonium reactor and filled it with concrete, in which they exported all of their more highly enriched uranium outside of Iran, an agreement in which so much was removed and so many inspectors were present to make sure that there was no nuclear weapon program. But who tore up that treaty? The same man who just launched a war in violation of the Constitution of the United States. When Madison spoke and said ``the Executive is the branch of power most interested in war,'' he prefaced it by saying, ``The constitution supposes, what the History of all Governments demonstrates, that the Executive is the branch of power most interested in war.'' What was he talking about? He was talking about the fact that a head of state may want to write their name in history by conquering land, a head of state may want to write their name in history by eliminating some foreign leader they don't like, and that, so often, those justifications are not in the interest of the country as a whole, and, therefore, there has to be a debate of the representatives of the country as a whole as to whether to engage in such a war. That was the wisdom, with studied care, the Founders vested in this Chamber. I powerfully disagreed with President George W. Bush's war on Iraq. It was justified by an argument that there were weapons of mass destruction. And the inspectors in Iraq said: We will go anywhere and look at anything that you--the United States--think that there is a depot of weapons of mass destruction. And the Bush administration said: Well, you are not looking in the right places. And the inspectors said: We will go anywhere you want. And the United States said: They are sneaking them out the back gate when you come in the front gate. And the inspectors said: We will cover the back gate. It seemed like the argument was terribly flimsy and yet possibly true, but at least George W. Bush came to Congress in the preceding year, in 2002, and said: I want an authorization for the use of military force because I am concerned about weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. And there was a significant debate here, and eventually it passed in October of 2002. And that debate carried the Senate to a favorable outcome of creating an AUMF by a 77-to-23 vote. I do not think Congress reached the right decision on that day, but at least, as the Founders intended, it was debated here in this Chamber so that one person who might want to write his name in history by conquering some other foreign leaders, changing the dynamic in the world, conquering new lands--at least such an authoritarian leader must have their ambitions tempered by this Chamber. But there was no tempering here. There has been no debate on an authorization for use of military force, as there should have been and as the President should have requested. And I hope, had we had such a debate, we would have come to a better, wiser conclusion than our predecessors did back in 2002. This is an extraordinarily dangerous moment for America because we have a President who has repeatedly shredded the Constitution. He shredded it on taxation powers allocated to Congress by the Constitution. He shredded it by canceling the power of the purse, assigned programs developed by Congress under the power of the purse and ending them without authorization. And now he has shredded it by going to war in Iran without an authorization for the use of military force. So we will use the one tool we have, the War Powers Resolution, to say: Mr. President, hell, no. And we should say [[Page S728]] ``hell, no'' at a minimum to say: Mr. President, if you want that power, come and put before us a proposal for the authorization for military force so that it will be properly debated in advance. Presidents who squander the blood of our children and the wealth of our Nation should never ever be allowed to do so without the studied consent of Congress to address an extraordinarily dangerous situation. Think about how many people died in Afghanistan and Iraq. Think about the 8,000 who died. How about the 50,000 who were so seriously injured. How about the $8 trillion--blood and purse. We must vote for the War Powers Resolution to say: Hell, no, Mr. President; end this war. Cloture Motion The PRESIDING OFFICER. Pursuant to rule XXII, the Chair lays before the Senate the pending cloture motion, which the clerk will state. The senior assistant executive clerk read as follows: Cloture Motion We, the undersigned Senators, in accordance with the provisions of rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby move to bring to a close debate on the motion to proceed to Calendar No. 343, H.R. 6644, a bill to increase the supply of housing in America, and for other purposes. John Thune, Tim Scott of South Carolina, Katie Boyd Britt, Jim Banks, John Barrasso, John R. Curtis, Kevin Cramer, Joni Ernst, Pete Ricketts, Bernie Moreno, Markwayne Mullin, Mike Crapo, Ted Budd, Roger F. Wicker, James Lankford, Chuck Grassley, Cindy Hyde- Smith. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the mandatory quorum call under rule XXII has been waived. The question is, Is it the sense of the Senate that debate on the motion to proceed to H.R. 6644, a bill to increase the supply of housing in America, and for other purposes, shall be brought to a close? The yeas and nays are mandatory under the rule. The clerk will call the roll. The legislative clerk called the roll. Mr. BARRASSO. The following Senators are necessarily absent: the Senator from Indiana (Mr. Banks), the Senator from Texas (Mr. Cornyn), the Senator from Arkansas (Mr. Cotton), the Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Paul), and the Senator from Idaho (Mr. Risch). Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Colorado (Mr. Bennet), the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons), the Senator from Pennsylvania (Mr. Fetterman), and the Senator from Georgia (Mr. Warnock) are necessarily absent. The yeas and nays resulted--yeas 84, nays 6, as follows: [Rollcall Vote No. 44 Leg.] YEAS--84 Alsobrooks Baldwin Barrasso Blackburn Blumenthal Blunt Rochester Boozman Britt Budd Cantwell Capito Cassidy Collins Cortez Masto Cramer Crapo Cruz Curtis Daines Duckworth Durbin Ernst Fischer Gallego Gillibrand Graham Grassley Hagerty Hassan Hawley Heinrich Hickenlooper Hirono Hoeven Husted Hyde-Smith Justice Kaine Kelly Kennedy Kim King Klobuchar Lankford Lujan Lummis Markey Marshall McConnell McCormick Merkley Moody Moran Moreno Mullin Murkowski Murray Ossoff Padilla Peters Reed Ricketts Rosen Rounds Sanders Schatz Schiff Schmitt Schumer Scott (SC) Shaheen Sheehy Slotkin Smith Sullivan Thune Tillis Warner Warren Welch Whitehouse Wicker Wyden Young NAYS--6 Johnson Lee Murphy Scott (FL) Tuberville Van Hollen ANSWERED ``PRESENT''--1 Booker NOT VOTING--9 Banks Bennet Coons Cornyn Cotton Fetterman Paul Risch Warnock The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Ricketts). On this vote, the yeas are 84, the nays are 6. One Senator responded ``present.'' Three-fifths of the Senators duly chosen and sworn having voted in the affirmative, the motion is agreed to. The motion was agreed to. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The majority leader. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS719-5,2026-03-02,119,2,,,CONCLUSION OF MORNING BUSINESS,SENATE,SENATE,SCONBUSINESS,S719,S719,,,172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S719] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CONCLUSION OF MORNING BUSINESS The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning business is closed. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS719-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S719,S719,,,172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S719] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Budd). Under the previous order, the leadership time is reserved. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS719-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE,SENATE,SENATE,PLEDGE,S719,S719,,,172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S719] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE The President pro tempore led the Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS719-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PRAYER,SENATE,SENATE,PRAYER,S719,S719,,,172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S719] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PRAYER The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, offered the following prayer: Let's pray. Mighty God, we do not even know what tomorrow holds, but we know You hold tomorrow. In these turbulent times for our Nation and world, our eyes are on You. As our lawmakers attempt to protect, defend, and declare as it relates to their constitutional responsibilities, grant them wisdom, courage, and faith for the living of these days. Lord, keep them within the circle of Your prevailing providence. We pray for our brave military personnel who are willing to give the last full measure of devotion to pay the price for freedom. Lord, we pray for their families who are following the news of their loved ones experiencing the ferocity of combat. Remind us all once more that Earth has no sorrow that Heaven cannot heal. We pray in Your powerful Name. Amen. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgS-FrontMatter,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Senate,SENATE,SENATE,FRONTMATTER,S719,S719,,,172 Cong. Rec. S719,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S719] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] S E N A T E Vol. 172 WASHINGTON, MONDAY, MARCH 2, 2026 No. 39" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY STATEMENT Pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the following statements are submitted regarding the specific powers granted to Congress in the Constitution to enact the accompanying bill or joint resolution." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-9,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7752,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7752""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. SCHMIDT: H.R. 7752. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: section 8 of article 1 of the Constitution ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-8,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7751,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7751""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mrs. McIVER: H.R. 7751. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: The Constitution's Spending Clause (Article I, Section 8, clause 1) and the Necessary and Proper Clause (Article I, Section 8, clause 18) grant Congress the authority to enact this legislation." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-7,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7750,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7750""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. LATIMER: H.R. 7750. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article I, Section 4, Clause 1" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-6,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7749,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7749""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. FEENSTRA: H.R. 7749. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-5,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7747,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7747""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. BERGMAN: H.R. 7747. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the United States Constitution S.R. 7748. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7746,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7746""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. BELL: H.R. 7746. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article I, Section 8, Clause 7" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7745,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7745""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. ARRINGTON: H.R. 7745. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Constitutional Authority Statement for H.R. 7744,HOUSE,HOUSE,CASTATEMENT,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7744""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Mr. COLE: H.R. 7744. Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: The principal constitutional authority for this legislation is clause 7 of section 9 of article I of the Constitution of the United States (the appropriation power), which states: ``No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law . . . .'' In addition, clause 1 of section 8 of article I of the Constitution (the spending power) provides: ``The Congress shall have the Power . . . to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States . . . .'' Together, these specific constitutional provisions establish the congressional power of the purse, granting Congress the authority to appropriate funds, to determine their purpose, amount, and period of availability, and to set forth terms and conditions governing their use." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-11,2026-03-02,119,2,,,"CONGRESSIONAL EARMARKS, LIMITED TAX BENEFITS, OR LIMITED TARIFF BENEFITS",HOUSE,HOUSE,HEARMARKS,H2336,H2342,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7744""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Pages H2336-H2342] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CONGRESSIONAL EARMARKS, LIMITED TAX BENEFITS, OR LIMITED TARIFF BENEFITS Under clause 9 of rule XXI, lists or statements on congressional earmarks, limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits were submitted as follows: Offered By Mr. Cole The following table is submitted in compliance with clause 9 of rule XXI, and lists the congressional earmarks (as defined in paragraph (e) of clause 9) contained in H.R. 7744. The bill does not contain any limited tax benefits or limited tariff benefits as defined in paragraphs (f) and (g) of clause 9 of rule XXI. [[Page H2337]] HOMELAND SECURITY [Community Project Funding/Congressionally Directed Spending] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Requestor(s)-- Agency Account- Project- Recipient- State - Amount- -------------------------- Origination House Senate -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Acushnet Office of Acushnet Office of MA....... $2,140,000 ........... Markey, S EOC Emergency Management Emergency Management Warren -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hazard Monitoring and Agribusiness Development HI....... 1,125,000 ........... Hirono, S PDM Wildfire Detection System Corporation Schatz -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Historic Whitehall Anne Arundel County MD....... 226,000 ........... Alsobrooks, S PDM Shoreline Van Hollen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Columbia Beach Resilience Anne Arundel County MD....... 1,175,000 ........... Alsobrooks, S PDM Project Van Hollen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Gunners Brook Floodplain Barre City VT....... 591,000 ........... Sanders, S PDM Restoration and Debris Welch Catcher Reconfiguration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Beckley-Raleigh County EOC Beckley-Raleigh County WV....... 3,206,000 ........... Capito, S PDM HVAC Upgrades Convention Center Justice -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Berkley Emergency Berkley Police Department MA....... 105,000 ........... Markey, S EOC Operations Center Warren -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Boone County Emergency Boone County Illinois IL....... 800,000 Foster ........... H EOC Operations Center Emergency Management Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Portable Generator for Borough of Hamburg NJ....... 220,000 ........... Kim S PDM Critical Infrastructure -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Metuchen Borough Emergency Borough of Metuchen NJ....... 1,034,487 Pallone Booker, Kim H EOC Services Center Building Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Mountainside Emergency Borough of Mountainside NJ....... 365,000 Kean ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Boynton Beach Harbor Marina Boynton Beach Community FL....... 1,145,144 Frankel ........... H PDM Seawall Replacement Redevelopment Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Callaway County Emergency Callaway County MO....... 2,606,000 Onder ........... H EOC Operations Center Relocation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- CORE3 ECC/Admin Building Central Oregon OR....... 1,034,487 Bynum ........... H EOC Intergovernmental Council -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Klukwan Landslide Chilkat Indian Village AK....... 1,234,000 ........... Murkowski S PDM Protection Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Glacial Lake Outburst Flood City and Borough of Juneau AK....... 3,253,000 Begich Murkowski H/S PDM Disaster Mitigation--Flood Resilience on the Mendenhall River -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Artesia Emergency City of Artesia CA....... 925,000 Tran ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Atascadero City of Atascadero CA....... 1,000,000 ........... Padilla, S EOC Emergency Operations Schiff Center Technology Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Atmore Storm City of Atmore AL....... 1,250,000 ........... Britt S PDM Drainage Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Disaster Energy City of Austin TX....... 1,145,144 Doggett ........... H PDM Hubs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Beaumont Underpass City of Beaumont TX....... 827,000 Babin ........... H PDM Flooding Early Warning System Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Cypress Ditch Improvement City of Bellaire TX....... 1,145,144 Fletcher ........... H PDM Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Village Creek Stormwater City of Birmingham AL....... 2,645,000 ........... Britt S PDM Park Floodplain Restoration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Boyd Lining Project City of Bloomfield NM....... 750,000 ........... Heinrich S PDM -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Brighton Emergency City of Brighton/Brighton CO....... 15,000 ........... Bennet, S EOC Operations Center Software Fire Hickenloop er -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Brisbane Glen Park Pump City of Brisbane CA....... 1,145,144 Mullin ........... H PDM Station Replacement -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Camarillo Hybrid City of Camarillo CA....... 1,145,144 Brownley ........... H PDM Microgrid Standby Power Resiliency Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- 3rd Avenue SE Downtown Pump City of Cedar Rapids IA....... 1,407,000 Hinson ........... H PDM Station Backup Generator -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Chino Hills Fire Risk City of Chino Hills CA....... 1,628,000 Kim (CA) ........... H PDM Reduction Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Otay Valley Regional Park City of Chula Vista CA....... 837,000 ........... Padilla, S PDM (OVRP) Wildfire Hazardous Schiff Fuels Reduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Bradley County Emergency City of Cleveland TN....... 1,328,000 Fleischmann ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center City of Concord CA....... 1,034,487 DeSaulnier ........... H EOC Upgrades Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center City of Concord NC....... 326,000 McDowell ........... H EOC Technology and Equipment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Davenport Water City of Davenport IA....... 2,996,000 Miller- ........... H PDM Pollution Control Plant Meeks Flood Mitigation Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- San Francisquito Creek City of East Palo Alto CA....... 600,000 Mullin ........... H PDM Floodway Study -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hillside Natural Area City of El Cerrito CA....... 1,145,144 Garamendi ........... H PDM Hazardous Fuels Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page H2338]] FEMA Federal Assistance- Pump Station Upgrade City of El Segundo CA....... 1,145,144 Lieu ........... H PDM Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Back-Up Generator City of Englewood KS....... 44,000 ........... Moran S PDM Procurement -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Erie Emergency City of Erie PA....... 2,606,000 Kelly (PA) Fetterman H EOC Operations Command Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Locks Creek and Sessoms City of Fayetteville NC....... 4,212,000 Rouzer ........... H PDM Drainage Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Flagstaff--Fanning City of Flagstaff AZ....... 1,500,000 ........... Gallego, S PDM Wash Flood Mitigations Kelly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Strategic Placement of City City of Foley AL....... 2,063,000 ........... Britt S PDM of Foley Utilities Underground -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Frankfort Riverbank City of Frankfort KY....... 5,800,000 Comer ........... H PDM Stabilization -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- West Patrick Street at City of Frederick, Maryland MD....... 1,145,144 McClain Alsobrooks, H PDM Maryvale Ditch Flood Delaney Van Mitigation Project Hollen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Gladewater High Hazard Dam City of Gladewater TX....... 1,563,000 Moran ........... H PDM -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Flood Control Levee City of Glasgow MT....... 2,487,000 ........... Sheehy S PDM Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Greeley--Gold Hill City of Greeley CO....... 8,685,000 Evans (CO) ........... H PDM Pipeline -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Greenacres City of Greenacres FL....... 1,034,487 Frankel ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hampton NH Coastal City of Hampton Department NH....... 1,250,000 ........... Shaheen S PDM Resiliency Storm Water of Emergency Management Inflow/Infiltration Reduction Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Harrisonburg Suter City of Harrisonburg VA....... 1,750,000 ........... Kaine, S PDM Street Drainage Warner Improvement Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Holladay City Hall Seismic City of Holladay, Utah UT....... 1,759,000 Kennedy Curtis H/S PDM Retrofit Project (UT) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Huntsville Hospital for City of Huntsville AL....... 2,597,000 Strong ........... H PDM Women and Children Generator Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Indianapolis City of Indianapolis IN....... 1,145,144 Carson ........... H PDM Howland Ditch Greenway Flood Control Improvement Project Design -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Irvine/COAST City of Irvine CA....... 1,125,000 Min ........... H PDM Wildfire Prevention SR-133 Restoration Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Jackson Midtown City of Jackson Public MS....... 1,125,000 ........... Wicker S PDM Area Stormwater Works Department Infrastructure Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Jackson Queens Area City of Jackson Public MS....... 1,125,000 ........... Wicker S PDM Stormwater Infrastructure Works Department Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Jasper Flood City of Jasper AL....... 893,000 ........... Britt S PDM Mitigation Infrastructure -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Kingman--Bull City of Kingman AZ....... 493,000 ........... Gallego, S PDM Mountain Channel Kelly Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lake Worth Beach Emergency City of Lake Worth Beach FL....... 1,034,487 Frankel ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Las Vegas-- City of Las Vegas NV....... 150,000 ........... Cortez S EOC Emergency Operations Masto, Upgrades Rosen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Sumter County Storm City of Livingston AL....... 3,093,000 ........... Britt S PDM Drainage Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Lompoc--EOC City of Lompoc CA....... 375,000 ........... Schiff S EOC Emergency Generator Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Long Beach Harbor City of Long Beach MS....... 2,558,000 ........... Hyde-Smith, S PDM Mitigation Project Wicker -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Los Alamitos Emergency City of Los Alamitos CA....... 382,880 Tran ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Louisville City of Louisville CO....... 100,000 ........... Bennet, S EOC Emergency Operations Hickenloop Center er -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Madelia Wastewater Lift City of Madelia MN....... 1,980,000 ........... Klobuchar, S PDM Station Accredited Levee Smith -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Meriden for City of Meriden CT....... 1,003,003 Hayes Blumenthal, H EOC Combined Emergency Murphy Operations Center/ Emergency Communications Center Public Safety Communications Upgrades -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Elm Street Housing City of Montpelier VT....... 1,458,000 ........... Sanders, S PDM Elevation Welch -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Charleston Slough Tide City of Mountain View CA....... 1,145,144 Liccardo ........... H PDM Gates Improvement Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Mt. Juliet City of Mt. Juliet TN....... 1,000,000 Rose ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Walter Mary Burke Park City of New Baltimore MI....... 1,000,000 ........... Peters, S PDM Shoreline Restoration Slotkin Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- New Rochelle City Park City of New Rochelle NY....... 1,145,144 Latimer ........... H PDM Drainage Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page H2339]] FEMA Federal Assistance- City of North Myrtle Beach City of North Myrtle Beach SC....... 2,606,000 Fry ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Southern End Erosion City of Ocean Shores WA....... 1,145,144 Randall ........... H PDM Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Palm Desert City of Palm Desert CA....... 296,000 ........... Padilla S PDM Emergency Resiliency Plan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Peachtree City City of Peachtree City GA....... 1,172,000 Jack ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Pines Point Hurricane City of Pembroke Pines FL....... 428,619 Wasserman ........... H PDM Mitigation Schultz -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Gust Lane Flood Mitigation City of Portsmouth VA....... 1,145,144 Scott (VA) ........... H PDM Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- West River Flood Response City of Providence RI....... 825,000 Amo Reed, H PDM Initiative Whitehous e -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center City of Rancho Cucamonga CA....... 1,034,487 Aguilar ........... H EOC (EOC) Relocation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Abalone Cove Landslide City of Rancho Palos Verdes CA....... 1,145,144 Lieu ........... H PDM Stabilization Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Klondike Canyon Landslide City of Rancho Palos Verdes CA....... 1,145,144 Lieu Schiff H PDM Emergency Mitigation Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Citywide Flood Mitigation City of Ridgeland MS....... 4,000,000 ........... Hyde-Smith, S PDM Wicker -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Keith Creek Greenway City of Rockford IL....... 2,000,000 ........... Duckworth, S PDM Improvements Durbin -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Sacramento Fire Department City of Sacramento CA....... 1,034,487 Matsui ........... H EOC EMS Division Integration EOC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Planning & Design of Salt City of Saint Paul AK....... 375,000 ........... Murkowski S PDM Lagoon & Community Pond Flood Mitigation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hazard Mitigation City of San Bernardino CA....... 1,145,144 Aguilar ........... H PDM Infrastructure Resiliency Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Seattle Waterfront Elliott City of Seattle WA....... 1,145,144 Jayapal Cantwell H PDM Bay Seawall Project, Phase 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Seattle Public Library City of Seattle WA....... 1,145,144 Smith (WA) ........... H PDM Columbia Branch Seismic Structural Upgrade -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- MLK Street South Flooding City of St. Petersburg FL....... 1,145,144 Castor ........... H PDM Alleviation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- 88th Avenue North Storm City of St. Petersburg FL....... 1,145,144 Castor ........... H PDM Drainage Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Taunton Emergency City of Taunton MA....... 1,034,487 Auchincloss ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Thousand Oaks City of Thousand Oaks CA....... 1,145,144 Brownley Schiff H PDM Community Resilience Center Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- N. Summit St. Restoration City of Toledo OH....... 1,145,144 Kaptur ........... H PDM -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Toledo Public Safety City of Toledo OR....... 1,000,000 ........... Merkley, S EOC Building Outfit Wyden -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Savin Rock Beach City of West Haven CT....... 2,479,000 ........... Blumenthal, S PDM Reinforcement Murphy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- West Haven EOC City of West Haven CT....... 1,034,487 DeLauro Blumenthal, H EOC Murphy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Westlake Village City of Westlake Village CA....... 336,000 Brownley ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center Resilience Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lower Brandywine Flood City of Wilmington, DE....... 1,509,000 ........... Blunt S PDM Mitigation Project Delaware Rochester, Coons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Wrightsville City of Wrightsville GA....... 450,000 ........... Warnock S EOC Emergency Operations Center Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Yonkers Warburton Avenue City of Yonkers NY....... 1,145,144 Latimer Schumer H PDM Slope Stabilization Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Technology for South Site Clark County NV....... 1,034,487 Lee (NV) Cortez H EOC Emergency Operations Masto, Center Rosen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Flamingo Water Resources Clark County Water NV....... 1,145,144 Titus Cortez H PDM Center Emergency Power Reclamation District Masto Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Cleveland County Emergency Cleveland County NC....... 1,954,000 Moore (NC) ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Coffee County Emergency AL 977,000.. Moore (AL) ........... H EOC Operation Center}Coffee County, Alabama -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- State Emergency Operations Colorado Department of CO....... 585,000 ........... Bennet, S EOC Center Technology Update Public Safety--Division of Hickenloop Homeland Security and er Emergency Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Coosa County Emergency Coosa County Emergency AL....... 126,000 ........... Britt S EOC Management Utilities Management Agency Preservation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center County of Butte CA....... 130,000 LaMalfa ........... H EOC Technology Refresh -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page H2340]] FEMA Federal Assistance- Mercer County for Emergency County of Mercer NJ....... 1,875,000 ........... Booker, Kim S EOC Operations Center Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Monroe County Goose Pond County of Monroe PA....... 2,432,000 Bresnahan Fetterman H PDM Dam Rehabilitation Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- County of Orange Emergency County of Orange CA....... 1,034,487 Correa ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Orange County Emergency County of Orange NY....... 1,034,487 Ryan ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Pontotoc County Emergency County of Pontotoc, MS....... 2,031,000 Kelly (MS) ........... H EOC Management Operations Mississippi Center Construction Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Sacramento County Emergency County of Sacramento CA....... 990,000 Bera ........... H EOC Operations Center Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Ulster County Emergency County of Ulster NY....... 1,034,487 Ryan Schumer H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Washington County Emergency County of Washington IL....... 2,009,000 Bost ........... H EOC Operations Center Emergency Management Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA- Federal Assistance- Covington County Emergency Covington County Emergency MS....... 1,303,000 Guest ........... H EOC Operations Center Management Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Northwest Service Area Grid Cowlitz County Public WA....... 1,145,144 Perez Cantwell H PDM Resiliency Utility District No. 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Seismic Resiliency Diablo Water District CA....... 1,145,144 DeSaulnier ........... H PDM Reservoir and Transmission Line Improvement Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Flood Reduction Project DuPage County Stormwater IL....... 225,000 ........... Durbin S PDM Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Alberta Avenue Storm and El Paso County Hospital TX....... 1,145,144 Escobar ........... H PDM Domestic Water District Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Frio County EOC Frio County TX....... 1,954,000 Gonzales ........... H EOC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Gibson County Emergency Gibson County, Tennessee TN....... 117,000 Kustoff ........... H PDM Generator -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center Habersham County GA....... 2,500,000 ........... Ossoff S EOC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Harford County Department Harford County Department MD....... 525,000 ........... Alsobrooks, S EOC of Emergency Services of Emergency Services Van Emergency Operations Hollen Center Equipment Upgrade -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Tributary C116-00-00 Harris County Flood Control TX....... 1,145,144 Green (TX) ........... H PDM Conveyance and Drainage District Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center Hawaii Emergency Management HI....... 1,034,487 Case ........... H EOC IT Modernization Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center Henry County GA....... 1,149,000 ........... Ossoff S EOC Display and Control Systems Equipment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Mobile Generators for the Honolulu Fire Department HI....... 315,000 ........... Schatz S PDM Honolulu Fire Department -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Humboldt County--Emergency Humboldt County NV....... 500,000 ........... Cortez S EOC Operations Center Masto, Rosen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Freeport Nuisance Flooding Incorporated Village of NY....... 1,145,144 Gillen ........... H PDM Mitigation Freeport -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Iron County Forestry Iron County Forestry WI....... 375,000 ........... Baldwin S PDM Department--Saxon Harbor Department Lake Superior Shoreline Restoration Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Roadway Wildfire Hazard Jefferson County Parks & CO....... 1,000,000 Pettersen ........... H PDM Mitigation in Jefferson Conservation County -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Kentucky Emergency Kentucky Emergency KY....... 869,000 Rogers ........... H PDM Management Flood Management Monitoring System -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lawrence County EOC Lawrence County Office of TN....... 2,606,000 DesJarlais ........... H EOC Emergency Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Livingston Parish Emergency Livingston Parish LA....... 2,606,000 Letlow ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lower Makefield Township Lower Makefield Township PA....... 5,211,000 Fitzpatrick ........... H PDM Flood Mitigation and Stormwater Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lyon County--Emergency Lyon County NV....... 375,000 ........... Cortez S EOC Backup Generators Masto, Rosen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Holly Beach Farm Resiliency Maryland Department of MD....... 1,145,144 Elfreth Alsobrooks, H PDM Natural Resources Van Hollen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Jorstad Substation Grid Mason County PUD 1 WA....... 1,145,144 Randall ........... H PDM Resilience Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Mat-Su Revetment and Road Matanuska-Susitna Borough AK....... 2,000,000 ........... Murkowski S PDM Upgrades -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Mesa County Douglas Wash Mesa County Public Works CO....... 869,000 Hurd ........... H PDM Detention Basin Project Division -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Germantown, Englewood, Miami Conservancy District OH....... 8,685,000 Turner ........... H PDM Taylorsville Upstream Dam Walls Rehabilitation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page H2341]] FEMA Federal Assistance- Middle Peninsula Emergency Middle Peninsula Planning VA....... 506,000 ........... Kaine, S EOC Operations Center District Commission Warner Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Montezuma County Emergency Montezuma County CO....... 186,000 ........... Bennet, S EOC Operations Center Hickenloop er -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Washington Ferry Road Montgomery Area Chamber of AL....... 4,000,000 ........... Britt S PDM Restoration Commerce -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Wheaton Branch Flood Montgomery County MD....... 1,145,144 Raskin Alsobrooks, H PDM Mitigation Department of Van Environmental Protection Hollen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- MATB Wastewater Treatment Municipal Authority of the PA....... 1,205,000 ........... Fetterman, S PDM Plant Flood Mitigation Town of Bloomsburg McCormick Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Little Mill Creek Upper New Castle County, Delaware DE....... 758,000 ........... Blunt S PDM Reach Flood Control (Public Works Department) Rochester, Project Major Maintenance Coons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- New Hampshire State New Hampshire Division of NH....... 250,000 ........... Shaheen S EOC Emergency Operations Homeland Security and Center Modernization Emergency Management Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- DHSEM Portable Backup NM Department of Homeland NM....... 1,500,000 ........... Heinrich, S PDM Generators and Water Security and Emergency Lujan Support Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Wanchese Marine Industrial North Carolina Department NC....... 2,605,000 ........... Tillis S PDM Park Authority Living of Commerce Shoreline Resiliency Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Nye County--Gamebird Road Nye County NV....... 323,000 ........... Cortez S PDM Improvements Planning and Masto, Design Project Rosen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Nye County--Area Master Nye County NV....... 338,000 ........... Rosen S PDM Drainage Plan (AMDP) Update -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Statewide Emergency Oregon Department of OR....... 1,500,000 ........... Merkley, S EOC Coordination Center Emergency Management Wyden -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Ouachita Parish I-20 South Ouachita Parish Police Jury LA....... 6,000,000 ........... Cassidy, S PDM Frontage Road Drainage Kennedy Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lealman Community Hurricane Pinellas County Board of FL....... 2,606,000 Luna ........... H PDM Shelter Hardening County Commissioners -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Center Prince George's County MD....... 469,000 ........... Alsobrooks, S EOC Communications Government Van Enhancements Hollen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Pulaski County Emergency Pulaski County GA....... 570,000 ........... Warnock S EOC Operations Center Radio System Modernization -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Southwestern WI Regional Resilient Southwest WI....... 150,000 ........... Baldwin S PDM Planning Commission-- Wisconsin Resilient Southwest Wisconsin -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Rio Vista--Emergency Rio Vista Fire Department CA....... 1,034,487 Thompson ........... H EOC Operations Center (CA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Siren Warning Roosevelt County NM....... 262,000 ........... Heinrich, S PDM System Upgrades Lujan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Well 9 Seismic Resiliency Sammamish Plateau Water and WA....... 1,125,000 ........... Cantwell S PDM Water Transmission Main Sewer District Design -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- San Miguel Community San Miguel Community CA....... 1,034,487 Panetta ........... H EOC Services District Services District Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Westminster SC Emergency Management SC....... 1,314,000 ........... Graham S PDM Emergency Standby Division Generator and Control Center for Drinking Water Plant -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Sedgwick County Emergency Sedgwick County KS....... 2,000,000 ........... Moran S EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Shelby County Emergency Shelby County Emergency TN....... 1,034,487 Cohen ........... H EOC Operations Center Management and Homeland Security Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Catfish Canal Stormwater South Carolina Office of SC....... 1,359,000 ........... Graham S PDM Improvements Mitigation Resilience Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Emergency Operations Southern University and A&M LA....... 1,034,487 Fields ........... H EOC Centers Complex College -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Suffolk County Emergency Suffolk County Fire, Rescue NY....... 1,954,000 Garbarino ........... H EOC Operations Center Project and Emergency Services -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Taylor County Emergency Taylor County Board of FL....... 2,606,000 Dunn ........... H EOC Operations and Public County Commissioners Safety Complex -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Terrebonne Parish Emergency Terrebonne Parish LA....... 1,129,000 Higgins ........... H EOC Operations Center Consolidated Government -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Wildwood Crest Flood The Borough of Wildwood NJ....... 3,572,000 Van Drew ........... H PDM Mitigation Crest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- City of Sunbury Flood The Municipal Authority of PA....... 1,000,000 ........... Fetterman S PDM Mitigation Project the City of Sunbury -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Longboat Key Storm The Town of Longboat Key FL....... 1,954,000 Buchanan ........... H PDM Resiliency Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Barrington Police Cove Park Town of Barrington RI....... 475,000 ........... Reed, S PDM Seawall Repair Whitehous e -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Bristol Independence Park Town of Bristol RI....... 900,000 ........... Reed, S PDM Seawall Restoration Whitehous e -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page H2342]] FEMA Federal Assistance- Bristol Seawall Repair Town of Bristol RI....... 660,000 ........... Whitehouse S PDM -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Burnsville Town of Burnsville WV....... 488,000 ........... Capito, S PDM Landslide Remediation Justice Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Wallum Lake Dam Spillway Town of Burrillville RI....... 345,000 ........... Reed S PDM Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- East Lyme EOC Town of East Lyme CT CT....... 395,000 ........... Blumenthal, S EOC Emergency Management Murphy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Joint Emergency Operations Town of Fairfield CT....... 562,500 Himes ........... H EOC Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Hamden Emergency Town of Hamden CT....... 1,034,487 DeLauro ........... H EOC Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hardwick Flood Recovery & Town of Hardwick VT....... 70,000 ........... Welch S PDM Resilience Plan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Hempstead-- Town of Hempstead NY....... 1,780,000 ........... Gillibrand, S PDM Bulkheads Schumer -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hull Harborview Road Town of Hull MA....... 1,145,144 Lynch ........... H PDM Coastal Resiliency and Shoreline Protection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Lake Arthur Pump Town of Lake Arthur LA....... 900,000 ........... Kennedy S PDM Station -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Lynnfield Emergency Town of Lynnfield MA....... 1,034,487 Moulton ........... H EOC Operations Center Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- New Town Hall Emergency Town of Norton MA....... 22,000 ........... Markey, S EOC Operations Center Warren -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Ossining--Town-Wide Town of Ossining NY....... 99,000 ........... Gillibrand, S PDM Drainage Study Schumer -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Scituate Cedar Point Town of Scituate MA....... 1,145,144 Keating ........... H PDM Seawall -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Plantsville Center Flooding Town of Southington CT....... 300,000 ........... Blumenthal, S PDM Study Murphy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Hendricks Head Town of Southport ME....... 1,165,000 ........... Collins, S PDM Infrastructure King Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Newbury Neck Peninsula Town of Surry ME....... 2,928,000 ........... Collins, S PDM Storm Evacuation King -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Westhampton Public Safety Town of Westhampton MA....... 885,757 McGovern ........... H EOC Complex Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Town of Woodbridge Town of Woodbridge CT....... 1,034,487 DeLauro ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- UW-Whitewater Emergency UW-Whitewater Police WI....... 225,000 ........... Baldwin S EOC Operations Center Department -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Village of La Farge Storm Village of La Farge WI....... 250,000 ........... Baldwin S PDM Sewer Improvements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Highbrook Avenue Drainage Village of Pelham NY....... 1,145,144 Latimer Schumer H PDM Improvement Project -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Village of Wellington Village of Wellington FL....... 1,034,487 Frankel ........... H EOC Emergency Operations Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Winston County Road and Winston County Commission AL....... 900,000 ........... Britt S PDM Bridge Restoration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- Yakima Valley Emergency Yakima Valley Emergency WA....... 1,953,000 Newhouse Cantwell H EOC Operation Center Management -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FEMA Federal Assistance- York County Flood York County Emergency ME....... 1,762,000 ........... Collins S PDM Protection Management Agency --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2336-10,2026-03-02,119,2,,,ADDITIONAL SPONSORS,HOUSE,HOUSE,HADDSPONSORS,H2336,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""321""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""637""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""722""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""885""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""930""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""981""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1035""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1072""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1076""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1087""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1464""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1529""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1657""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1993""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""2315""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""2678""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""2705""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3002""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3069""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3144""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3151""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3304""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3723""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""4008""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""4062""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""4448""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5128""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5363""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5512""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5653""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5732""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5890""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6124""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6677""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6856""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6857""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7088""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7099""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7118""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7146""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7382""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7481""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7616""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7622""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7651""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7657""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7658""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7678""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7702""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7716""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2336,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADDITIONAL SPONSORS Under clause 7 of rule XII, sponsors were added to public bills and resolutions, as follows: H.R. 637: Mr. Vasquez. H.R. 722: Mr. LaHood. H.R. 885: Ms. Boebert, Mr. Wied, Mr. Gooden, Mrs. Luna, and Mr. Crenshaw. H.R. 1464: Ms. Lee of Pennsylvania and Ms. Kamlager-Dove. H.R. 1529: Ms. Wilson of Florida and Mr. Quigley. H.R. 1657: Mrs. Foushee, Mr. Landsman, Mr. Deluzio, Mr. Ruiz, Mrs. Trahan, Mr. Moulton, Mr. Smith of New Jersey, Mr. Ivey, Ms. Lee of Pennsylvania, and Mr. Bishop. H.R. 1993: Mr. Van Orden, Mrs. Foushee, and Mr. Vasquez. H.R. 2315: Mr. Patronis and Mr. McClintock. H.R. 2678: Mr. Pocan. H.R. 2705: Mr. McClintock. H.R. 3002: Mr. Green of Texas. H.R. 3069: Mr. Larson of Connecticut. H.R. 3144: Mr. Van Orden and Mr. Crank. H.R. 3151: Mrs. Kim. H.R. 3304: Mrs. Kiggans of Virginia and Mr. Garcia of California. H.R. 3723: Mr. Goldman of Texas. H.R. 4008: Mr. Van Orden. H.R. 4062: Ms. Chu. H.R. 4448: Mr. Fulcher and Mr. Comer. H.R. 5128: Mr. Sorensen. H.R. 5363: Mr. Davis of North Carolina. H.R. 5512: Mr. Fulcher. H.R. 5653: Ms. Titus. H.R. 5732: Mr. Conaway. H.R. 5890: Mr. Fulcher. H.R. 6124: Mr. Jackson of Illinois and Mr. Thanedar. H.R. 6677: Mr. Nadler, Ms. Sanchez, and Mrs. Grijalva. H.R. 6856: Ms. Brownley and Mr. Auchincloss. H.R. 6857: Mrs. Kiggans of Virginia and Mr. Lieu. H.R. 7088: Mr. Nadler and Ms. Pingree. H.R. 7099: Ms. Tlaib, Ms. Craig, and Mr. Sorensen. H.R. 7118: Ms. Schrier and Mrs. Miller of West Virginia. H.R. 7146: Ms. Wasserman Schultz and Mr. McGuire. H.R. 7382: Mr. Magaziner. H.R. 7481: Mr. Olszewski, Ms. Adams, Mr. Pallone, Mr. Costa, Mr. Garamendi, Mr. Goldman of New York, Ms. Schrier, Mr. Whitesides, Mr. Mannion, Mr. Cohen, and Mr. Lieu. H.R. 7616: Mr. Lawler. H.R. 7622: Mr. Carter of Georgia, Mr. Auchincloss, Mr. Finstad, Mrs. Kim, Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Davis of North Carolina, and Ms. Ansari. H.R. 7651: Mr. Steube, Mr. Simpson, Mr. Downing, and Mrs. Biggs of South Carolina. H.R. 7657: Ms. Norton. H.R. 7658: Mr. Riley of New York. H.R. 7678: Mr. Guest, Mr. Kelly of Mississippi, and Mr. Mann. H.R. 7702: Mr. Fine. H.R. 7716: Ms. Adams. H. Res. 321: Ms. Salinas. H. Res. 930: Mr. Kean. H. Res. 981: Mr. Suozzi and Mr. Edwards. H. Res. 1035: Mr. Magaziner. H. Res. 1072: Mrs. Luna. H. Res. 1076: Mr. Gooden. H. Res. 1087: Ms. Norton. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335,2026-03-02,119,2,,,House of Representatives,HOUSE,HOUSE,CALLTOORDER,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [[Page H2335]] House of Representatives The House met at 9 a.m. and was called to order by the Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Smith of Nebraska). ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335-7,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS,HOUSE,HOUSE,HPUBBILLS,H2335,H2336,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1091""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1092""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1093""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1094""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7744""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7745""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7746""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7747""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7748""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7749""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7750""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7751""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7752""}]",172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Pages H2335-H2336] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 2 of rule XII, public bills and resolutions of the following titles were introduced and severally referred, as follows: By Mr. COLE: H.R. 7744. A bill making appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Appropriations, and in addition to the Committee on the Budget, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. By Mr. ARRINGTON (for himself, Mr. McDowell, Mrs. Luna, Mr. Rose, Mr. Van Epps, and Mr. Lawler): H.R. 7745. A bill to establish certain requirements relating to wellness checks for the health and welfare of certain members of the Armed Forces, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Armed Services. By Mr. BELL: H.R. 7746. A bill to designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 8390 North Broadway in St. Louis, Missouri, as the ``Chuck Stone Post Office''; to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. By Mr. BERGMAN (for himself, Mr. Suozzi, and Mr. Owens): H.R. 7747. A bill to amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to streamline the certification process for State Veterans Homes by allowing certain facilities certified by the Department of Veterans Affairs to be deemed in compliance with specified Medicare and Medicaid requirements, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. By Mr. DELUZIO (for himself, Mr. LaLota, Mr. Garamendi, and Mr. Rulli): H.R. 7748. A bill to enhance safety requirements for trains transporting hazardous materials, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and in addition to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. By Mr. FEENSTRA (for himself, Ms. Stevens, Mr. Valadao, Mrs. Miller-Meeks, Mr. Kean, Mr. Wittman, Mr. Yakym, Mr. Lawler, Ms. McBride, and Ms. Lofgren): H.R. 7749. A bill to amend the National Quantum Initiative Act to make certain additions relating to quantum modeling and simulation, and for other purposes; to the [[Page H2336]] Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. By Mr. LATIMER: H.R. 7750. A bill to prevent election interference; to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on Armed Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. By Mrs. McIVER (for herself and Mrs. McBath): H.R. 7751. A bill to direct the Secretary of Transportation to carry out a program to make grants for the improvement or construction of greenway paths, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. By Mr. SCHMIDT (for himself, Ms. Davids of Kansas, Mr. Estes, and Mr. Mann): H.R. 7752. A bill to amend section 2703 of title 18, United States Code, to require emergency disclosure of location information to law enforcement or public safety answering point; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Ms. HOULAHAN (for herself and Mr. Obernolte): H. Res. 1091. A resolution expressing support for declaring 2026 the ``Year of Math'' in the United States; to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. By Mr. KHANNA: H. Res. 1092. A resolution condemning Israeli settlement expansion, settler violence, and related human rights abuses in the West Bank, and calling for accountability and specific United States policy responses to deter further violations and protect the viability of a negotiated two-State solution; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. By Mr. KHANNA (for himself and Ms. Lee of Pennsylvania): H. Res. 1093. A resolution acknowledging oppression, forced eviction, and suffering experienced by tens of thousands of Bhutanese citizens during the late 1980s and early 1990s, and encouraging steps toward justice, reconciliation, and lasting peace; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. By Ms. NORTON (for herself, Ms. Wilson of Florida, and Mrs. Dingell): H. Res. 1094. A resolution calling on the Senate to ratify the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335-6,2026-03-02,119,2,,,ADJOURNMENT,HOUSE,HOUSE,ADJOURNMENT,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADJOURNMENT The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the House stands adjourned until noon tomorrow for morning-hour debate and 2 p.m. for legislative business. There was no objection. Thereupon (at 9 o'clock and 2 minutes a.m.), under its previous order, the House adjourned until tomorrow, Tuesday, March 3, 2026, at noon for morning-hour debate. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335-5,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE,HOUSE,HOUSE,PLEDGE,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will lead the House in the Pledge of Allegiance. The SPEAKER pro tempore led the Pledge of Allegiance as follows: I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,THE JOURNAL,HOUSE,HOUSE,HJOURNAL,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] THE JOURNAL The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair has examined the Journal of the last day's proceedings and announces to the House the approval thereof. Pursuant to clause 1 of rule I, the Journal of the last day's proceedings is approved. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PRAYER,HOUSE,HOUSE,PRAYER,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PRAYER Dr. Edrees Bridges, United States Capitol Police, Washington, D.C., offered the following prayer: Oh, merciful benefactor, and wise sustainer, we pause in gratitude for the time entrusted and the work set before us. Bless these leaders with patience to labor faithfully in the duties of this day, knowing that the quiet work of the present shapes the direction and strength of the future. Grant them vision to build with care, courage to act with conviction, and steadiness to continue when progress unfolds slowly. Allow their efforts to become foundations of hope for generations yet unseen and guide their decisions with wisdom that seeks the good of all. May their service honor the trust placed in them and strengthen the path for those who follow. Let their labor be carried forward with integrity today and remembered with gratitude tomorrow. As they labor in trust and responsibility, protect the Members of this House, their staff, and all who serve within these solemn Halls, and guide their efforts toward justice, peace, and the flourishing of this Nation. Amen. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH2335-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE,HOUSE,HOUSE,HDESIGNATION,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE The SPEAKER pro tempore laid before the House the following communication from the Speaker: Washington, DC, March 2, 2026. I hereby appoint the Honorable Adrian Smith, to act as Speaker pro tempore on this day. Mike Johnson, Speaker of the House of Representatives. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgH-FrontMatter-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,House of Representatives,HOUSE,HOUSE,FRONTMATTER,H2335,H2335,,,172 Cong. Rec. H2335,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [House] [Page H2335] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] H O U S E O F R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S Vol. 172 WASHINGTON, MONDAY, MARCH 2, 2026 No. 39" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgE171-6,2026-03-02,119,2,,,SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS,SENATE,EXTENSIONS,ESENATECOMMITTEE,E171,E172,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""4""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""4""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""204""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""601""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""815""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""933""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""952""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""953""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1135""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1276""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1829""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1981""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2102""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2787""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3004""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3493""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3527""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3798""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3923""}]",172 Cong. Rec. E171,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Pages E171-E172] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, agreed to by the Senate of February 4, 1977, calls for establishment of a system for a computerized schedule of all meetings and hearings of Senate committees, subcommittees, joint committees, and committees of conference. This title requires all such committees to notify the Office of the Senate Daily Digest--designated by the Rules Committee--of the time, place and purpose of the meetings, when scheduled and any cancellations or changes in the meetings as they occur. As an additional procedure along with the computerization of this information, the Office of the Senate Daily Digest will prepare this information for printing in the Extensions of Remarks section of the Congressional Record on Monday and Wednesday of each week. Meetings scheduled for Tuesday, March 3, 2026 may be found in the Daily Digest of today's Record. MEETINGS SCHEDULED MARCH 4 9:30 a.m. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Business meeting to consider S. 601 and H.R. 1276, bills to remove restrictions from a parcel of land in Paducah, Kentucky, S. 815, to designate the outdoor amphitheater at the Blue Ridge Music Center in Galax, Virginia, as the ``Rick Boucher Amphitheater'', S. 1135, to amend the National Trails System Act [[Page E172]] to direct the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a study on the feasibility of designating the Bonneville Shoreline Trail, S. 1981, to require the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior to utilize grazing for wildfire risk reduction, S. 2102, to establish the Ralph David Abernathy, Sr., National Historic Site, S. 2787, to amend the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 to ensure that ranchers who have grazing agreements on national grasslands are treated the same as permittees on other Federal land, S. 3004, to direct the Secretary of the Interior to convey certain Bureau of Land Management land to the city of Price, Utah, S. 3493, to provide for the conveyance of certain Federal land in Carson City, Nevada, S. 3527, to release from wilderness study area designation certain land in the State of Montana, to improve the management of that land, H.R. 204, to require that the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior submit accurate reports regarding hazardous fuels reduction activities, H.R. 952, to convey the reversionary interest of the United States in certain land in Sacramento, California, H.R. 1829, to require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey certain lands within the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, and the nominations of Stevan Pearce, of New Mexico, to be Director of the Bureau of Land Management, David LaCerte, of Louisiana, to be a Member of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, and Kyle Haustveit, of North Dakota, to be Under Secretary of Energy. SD-366 9:45 a.m. Committee on Veterans' Affairs To hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of the American Legion and multi VSOs. SD-G50 10 a.m. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Business meeting to consider S. 933, to authorize programs for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for fiscal year 2025, S. 3923, to improve the weather research of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, support improvements in weather forecasting and prediction, and expand commercial opportunities for the provision of weather data, and certain coast guard promotions. SR-253 Committee on Environment and Public Works Business meeting to consider the nomination of the nomination of Douglas Weaver, of Maryland, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission; to be immediately followed by a hearing to examine a discussion draft of an original bill entitled, ``the Toxic Substances Control Act Fee Reauthorization and Improvement Act of 2026.''. SD-562 2:30 p.m. Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Readiness and Management Support To hold hearings to examine the current readiness of the Joint Force. SH-216 Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe To hold hearings to examine responding to China's infiltration and coercion in Europe. RHOB-2247 3 p.m. Select Committee on Intelligence To receive a closed briefing on certain intelligence matters. SH-219 MARCH 5 9:30 a.m. Committee on Armed Services To hold hearings to examine the American small drone industrial base. SD-G50 10 a.m. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings to examine the nominations of Arvind Raman, of Indiana, to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology, and Matthew Anderson, of Colorado, to be Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. SR-253 Committee on Foreign Relations To hold hearings to examine the nomination of Frank Garcia, of Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs. SD-419 Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions To hold hearings to examine transforming health care with data, focusing on improving patient outcomes through next-generation care. SD-430 10:15 a.m. Committee on the Judiciary Business meeting to consider S. 3798, to amend title 18, United States Code, to establish criminal offenses with respect to violations involving ATMs, regardless of whether the ATM is located on the physical premises of a financial institution, and the nominations of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, Andrew B. Davis, and Christopher R. Wolfe, both to be a United States District Judge for the Western District of Texas, Anna St. John, to be United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Louisiana, John Thomas Shepherd, to be United States District Judge for the Western District of Arkansas, Robert Rotter, to be United States Marshal for the Northern District of Iowa, Daniel Satterlee, to be United States Marshal for the District of South Dakota, and David St. Pierre, to be United States Marshal for the District of Maine, all of the Department of Justice. SH-216 MARCH 11 2:30 p.m. Committee on Indian Affairs To hold oversight hearings to examine Federal policies governing Indian water rights settlements, including S. 953, to provide for the settlement of the water rights claims of the Navajo Nation, the Hopi Tribe, and the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe. SD-628 CANCELLATIONS MARCH 4 2:30 p.m. Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust, Competition Policy, and Consumer Rights To hold hearings to examine competition and monopsony in the proposed Netflix-Warner Brothers transaction. SD-226 POSTPONEMENTS MARCH 4 10:30 a.m. Joint Economic Committee To hold hearings to examine evaluating the U.S. competitiveness and investment advantages of a Destination-Based Cash Flow Tax (DBCFT). SH-216" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgE171-5,2026-03-02,119,2,,,RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF PHILADELPHIA GAY NEWS,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,RECOGNIZING,E171,E171,"[{""name"": ""Brendan F. Boyle"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. E171,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E171] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF PHILADELPHIA GAY NEWS ______ HON. BRENDAN F. BOYLE of pennsylvania in the house of representatives Monday, March 2, 2026 Mr. BOYLE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to commemorate and celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of Philadelphia Gay News (PGN), the second-longest continuously publishing LGBTQ newspaper in the Nation, and a pillar of the Philadelphia journalistic community. Under the extraordinary leadership of founder Mark Segal, PGN has remained the preeminent voice for Philadelphia's LGBTQ community for decades and has been a source of some of our region's finest journalism. From being the forum of the first ever op-ed from a major- party presidential candidate published in an LGBTQ newspaper, to being recognized with an historical marker by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, PGN has been a trailblazing publication since its founding in 1976. PGN could not have had the tremendous success that it has had over the last half-century if not for the vision and exceptional leadership of Mark Segal. Mark's role as both a longtime civic leader in Philadelphia and as an icon of our Nation's LGBTQ community cannot be overstated. He founded Gay Youth in 1970 and was a founding member of the Gay Liberation Front in 1969. Mark also partnered with the Obama Administration in 2012 to create the John C. Anderson Apartments in Philadelphia, the Nation's first LGBTQ-friendly senior affordable housing facility. The same tireless work ethic that helped him build PGN continues to influence his various civic efforts, for which our city and country are immeasurably better off and for which we are all grateful. Mr. Speaker, I hope my colleagues will join me in recognizing and congratulating Mark and the entire Philadelphia Gay News team as we celebrate the 50th anniversary of this extraordinary journalistic institution. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgE171-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,CELEBRATING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF HUB'S RESTAURANT,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,CELEBRATING,E171,E171,"[{""name"": ""Janice D. Schakowsky"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. E171,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E171] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CELEBRATING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF HUB'S RESTAURANT ______ HON. JANICE D. SCHAKOWSKY of illinois in the house of representatives Monday, March 2, 2026 Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize and celebrate the 50th anniversary of Hub's Restaurant in Skokie, a family-owned establishment whose history began on March 1, 1976, when brothers Tony and John Thanoukos purchased the restaurant and began building what would become a lasting institution. From the outset, Tony and John worked together to grow the business, providing high-quality Greek and American food and establishing a reputation for consistency, value, and welcoming service. Their partnership laid the foundation for a family legacy that has now spanned five decades. In the mid-1990s, the brothers divided the business, with Tony leading operations in Skokie and John leading operations in Chicago. While the locations went their separate ways, the shared family history dating back to 1976 reflects the joint effort that built the Hub's name. For 50 years, Hub's in Skokie has provided jobs, supported community events, catered gatherings large and small, and served as a place where neighbors and families come together. Its longevity reflects the dedication of the Thanoukos family and the loyalty of the community it has served. Reaching a 50-year milestone is a momentous achievement for any business. The Thanoukos family and the entire Hub's team should take great pride in this accomplishment. On behalf of the residents of Illinois' 9th Congressional District, I congratulate the Thanoukos family and the entire Hub's team on this anniversary. I wish them continued success in the years ahead. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgE171-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,PERSONAL EXPLANATION,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,PERSONALEXPLAIN,E171,E171,"[{""name"": ""Seth Magaziner"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2503""}]",172 Cong. Rec. E171,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E171] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] PERSONAL EXPLANATION ______ HON. SETH MAGAZINER of rhode island in the house of representatives Monday, March 2, 2026 Mr. MAGAZINER. Mr. Speaker, on February 24, 2026, a historic blizzard and flight cancellations prevented me from making it to Washington, D.C. in time to vote in support of the ROTOR Act. Had I been present, I would have voted YEA on Roll Call No. 72, S. 2503--ROTOR Act. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgE171-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,RECOGNIZING THE RETIREMENT OF PAULA McKINNEY-RAINEY,HOUSE,EXTENSIONS,RECOGNIZING,E171,E171,"[{""name"": ""Brendan F. Boyle"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. E171,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Extensions of Remarks] [Page E171] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] RECOGNIZING THE RETIREMENT OF PAULA McKINNEY-RAINEY ______ HON. BRENDAN F. BOYLE of pennsylvania in the house of representatives Monday, March 2, 2026 Mr. BOYLE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize and congratulate Paula McKinney-Rainey, both a constituent of mine and a valued member of my staff, as she retires from the House of Representatives next month. Paula is a proud Philadelphian and is an alumnus of Penn State University, as well as an active member of Alpha Kappa Alpha. Prior to joining my office in 2015, she had extensive experience working in state and local governments as well as the nonprofit sector in a variety of capacities. Paula was a Management Analyst in the County of Los Angeles Chief Administration Office before spending several years serving Pennsylvanians in roles with the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development and the Governor's Office of Housing and Community Revitalization. Through Paula's almost eleven years of service in my office, she has helped thousands of constituents with a variety of issues. Through her extraordinary efforts, Paula has demonstrated outstanding care and empathy for those she serves. Over the years, she has also been an indispensable community representative on my behalf, providing countless constituents and stakeholders with information on how our office and their government can help them in their moment of need. In addition to her role in my office, Paula is also a longtime dedicated community leader. For more than twenty years, she has served as a Philadelphia Committeeperson in the city's 61st Ward, working thirteen hour days at polling stations every Election Day to help educate voters. Mr. Speaker, I hope all my colleagues will join me to congratulate Paula on her retirement, thank her for her exceptional career as a civil servant, and commend her on her unwavering commitment to not just the City of Philadelphia, but to our entire Nation. ____________________" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD233,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/Resume of Congressional Activity,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDRESUMEONGOING,D233,D233,,,172 Cong. Rec. D233,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Page D233] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] Resume of Congressional Activity SECOND SESSION OF THE ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS The first table gives a comprehensive resume of all legislative business transacted by the Senate and House. The second table accounts for all nominations submitted to the Senate by the President for Senate confirmation. DATA ON LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITY January 3 through February 28, 2026 Senate House Total Days in Session............... 32 31 . . Time in Session............... 145 hrs., 25 110 hrs., 8 . . Congressional Record: Pages of proceedings.......... S717 H2334 . . Extensions of remarks......... . . E170 . . Public bills enacted into law. 4 7 11 Private bills enacted into law . . . . . . Bills in conference........... . . 1 . . Measures passed, total........ 51 77 128 Senate bills.................. 6 4 . . House bills................... 5 50 . . Senate joint resolutions...... . . . . . . House joint resolutions....... 1 3 . . Senate concurrent resolutions. 1 . . . . House concurrent resolutions.. 1 2 . . Simple resolutions............ 37 18 . . Measures reported, total...... *34 110 144 Senate bills.................. 32 . . . . House bills................... 1 100 . . Senate joint resolutions...... 1 . . . . House joint resolutions....... . . 1 . . Senate concurrent resolutions. . . . . . . House concurrent resolutions.. . . . . . . Simple resolutions............ . . 9 . . Special reports............... . . 2 . . Conference reports............ . . . . . . Measures pending on calendar.. 242 82 . . Measures introduced, total.... 437 945 1,382 Bills......................... 376 806 . . Joint resolutions............. 8 15 . . Concurrent resolutions........ 3 7 . . Simple resolutions............ 50 117 . . Quorum calls.................. . . 1 . . Yea-and-nay votes............. 43 65 . . Recorded votes................ . . 12 . . Bills vetoed.................. . . . . . . Vetoes overridden............. . . . . . . DISPOSITION OF EXECUTIVE NOMINATIONS January 3 through February 28, 2026 Civilian nominees, totaling 115 (including 4 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Confirmed...........................................13... Unconfirmed........................................102... Other Civilian nominees, totaling 790 (including 124 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Confirmed..........................................105... Unconfirmed........................................685... Air Force nominees, totaling 426 (including 14 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Confirmed..........................................252... Unconfirmed........................................174... Army nominees, totaling 2,172 (including 1,978 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Confirmed...........................................94... Unconfirmed......................................2,078... Navy nominees, totaling 119 (including 5 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Confirmed...........................................44... Unconfirmed.........................................75... Marine Corps nominees, totaling 144 (including 56 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Confirmed...........................................41... Unconfirmed........................................103... Space Force nominees, totaling 1 (including 1 nominees carried over from the First Session), disposed of as follows: Unconfirmed..........................................1... Summary Total nominees carried over from the First Session...2,182 Total nominees received this Session.................1,585 Total confirmed........................................549 Total unconfirmed....................................3,218 Total withdrawn..........................................0 Total returned to the White House........................0" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD233-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/Next Meeting of the SENATE + Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES + Other End Matter,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDENDMATTER,D233,D234,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}]",172 Cong. Rec. D233,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Pages D233-D234] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] The CONGRESSIONAL RECORD (USPS 087-390). The Periodicals postage is paid at Washington, D.C. The public proceedings of each House of Congress, as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to directions of the Joint Committee on Printing as authorized by appropriate provisions of Title 44, United States Code, and published for each day that one or both Houses are in session, excepting very infrequent instances when two or more unusually small consecutive issues are printed one time. Public access to the Congressional Record is available online through the U.S. Government Publishing Office, at www.govinfo.gov, free of charge to the user. The information is updated online each day the Congressional Record is published. For more information, contact the GPO Customer Contact Center, U.S. Government Publishing Office. Phone 202-512-1800, or 866-512-1800 (toll-free). E-Mail, contactcenter@gpo.gov. To place an order for any of these products, visit the U.S. Government Online Bookstore at: bookstore.gpo.gov. 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[[Page D234]] _______________________________________________________________________ Next Meeting of the SENATE 10 a.m., Tuesday, March 3 Senate Chamber Program for Tuesday: Senate will continue consideration of the motion to proceed to consideration of H.R. 6644, Housing for the 21st Century Act, post-cloture. Roll call votes are possible during Tuesday's session of the Senate. (Senate will recess from 12:30 p.m. until 2:15 p.m. for their respective party conferences.) Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 12 noon, Tuesday, March 3 House Chamber Program for Tuesday: Consideration of measures under suspension of the Rules. _______________________________________________________________________ Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue HOUSE Boyle, Brendan F., Pa., E171, E171 Magaziner, Seth, R.I., E171 Schakowsky, Janice D., Ill., E171" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD230,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM AHEAD,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDAHEAD,D230,D233,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""204""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""601""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""815""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""933""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""952""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""971""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1135""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1276""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1744""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""1829""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1981""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""2071""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2102""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""2504""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2787""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""2827""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3004""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""3447""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3493""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3527""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3798""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3923""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""4171""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6162""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6196""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6428""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6955""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7058""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7065""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7127""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7567""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7605""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7616""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7630""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7632""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7633""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7641""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7642""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7649""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7653""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7654""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7669""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7674""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7675""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7688""}]",172 Cong. Rec. D230,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Pages D230-D233] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM AHEAD Week of March 3 through March 6, 2026 Senate Chamber On Tuesday, Senate will continue consideration of the motion to proceed to consideration of H.R. 6644, Housing for the 21st Century Act, post-cloture. During the balance of the week, Senate may consider any cleared legislative and executive business. Senate Committees (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) Committee on Armed Services: March 3, to hold hearings to examine an update on the National Defense Strategy; to be immediately followed by a closed session in SVC-217, 9:30 a.m., SH-216. March 4, Subcommittee on Readiness and Management Support, to hold hearings to examine the current readiness of the Joint Force, 2:30 p.m., SH-216. March 5, Full Committee, to hold hearings to examine the American small drone industrial base, 9:30 a.m., SD-G50. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: March 3, Subcommittee on Science, Manufacturing, and Competitiveness, to hold hearings to examine AI that improves safety, productivity, and care, 10:15 a.m., SR-253. March 4, Full Committee, business meeting to consider S. 933, to authorize programs for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for fiscal year 2025, S. 3923, to improve the weather research of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, support improvements in weather forecasting and prediction, and expand commercial opportunities for the provision of weather data, and certain coast guard promotions, 10 a.m., SR-253. March 5, Full Committee, to hold hearings to examine the nominations of Arvind Raman, of Indiana, to be Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology, and Matthew Anderson, of Colorado, to be Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 10 a.m., SR-253. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: March 4, business meeting to consider S. 601 and H.R. 1276, bills to remove restrictions from a parcel of land in Paducah, Kentucky, S. 815, to designate the outdoor amphitheater at the Blue Ridge Music Center in Galax, Virginia, as the ``Rick Boucher Amphitheater'', S. 1135, to amend the National Trails System Act to direct the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a study on the feasibility of designating the Bonneville Shoreline Trail, S. 1981, to require the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior to utilize grazing for wildfire risk reduction, S. 2102, to establish the Ralph David Abernathy, Sr., National Historic Site, S. 2787, to amend the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 to ensure that ranchers who have grazing agreements on national grasslands are treated the same as permittees on other Federal land, S. 3004, to direct the Secretary of the Interior to convey certain Bureau of Land Management land to the city of Price, Utah, S. 3493, to provide for the conveyance of certain Federal land in Carson City, Nevada, S. 3527, to release from wilderness study area designation certain land in the State of Montana, to improve the management of that land, H.R. 204, to require that the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior submit accurate reports regarding hazardous fuels reduction activities, H.R. 952, to convey the reversionary interest of the United States in certain land in Sacramento, California, H.R. 1829, to require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey certain lands within the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, and the nominations of Stevan Pearce, of New Mexico, to be Director of the Bureau of Land Management, David LaCerte, of Louisiana, to be a Member of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, and Kyle Haustveit, of North Dakota, to be Under Secretary of Energy, 9:30 a.m., SD-366. Committee on Environment and Public Works: March 4, business meeting to consider the nomination of the nomination of Douglas Weaver, of Maryland, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission; to be immediately followed by a hearing to examine a discussion draft of an original bill entitled, ``the Toxic Substances Control Act Fee Reauthorization and Improvement Act of 2026.'', 10 a.m., SD-562. Committee on Foreign Relations: March 5, to hold hearings to examine the nomination of Frank Garcia, of Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, 10 a.m., SD-419. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions: March 5, to hold hearings to examine transforming health care with data, focusing on improving patient outcomes through next-generation care, 10 a.m., SD-430. Committee on the Judiciary: March 3, to hold oversight hearings to examine the Department of Homeland Security, 9 a.m., SD-106. March 3, Subcommittee on Crime and Counterterrorism, to hold hearings to examine confronting child [[Page D231]] trafficking and the failure to protect America's most vulnerable, 2 p.m., SD-226. March 5, Full Committee, business meeting to consider S. 3798, to amend title 18, United States Code, to establish criminal offenses with respect to violations involving ATMs, regardless of whether the ATM is located on the physical premises of a financial institution, and the nominations of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, Andrew B. Davis, and Christopher R. Wolfe, both to be a United States District Judge for the Western District of Texas, Anna St. John, to be United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Louisiana, John Thomas Shepherd, to be United States District Judge for the Western District of Arkansas, Robert Rotter, to be United States Marshal for the Northern District of Iowa, Daniel Satterlee, to be United States Marshal for the District of South Dakota, and David St. Pierre, to be United States Marshal for the District of Maine, all of the Department of Justice, 10:15 a.m., SH-216. Committee on Veterans' Affairs: March 3, to hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of Veterans of Foreign Wars and multi VSOs, 10 a.m., SD-G50. March 4, Full Committee, to hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of the American Legion and multi VSOs, 9:45 a.m., SD- G50. Select Committee on Intelligence: March 4, to receive a closed briefing on certain intelligence matters, 3 p.m., SH-219. House Committees Committee on Agriculture, March 4, Full Committee, continue markup on H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026'', 8 a.m., 1300 Longworth. Committee on Appropriations, March 4, Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies, oversight hearing on the Department of Agriculture, Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs, 10:30 a.m., 2362-A Rayburn. March 4, Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies, hearing entitled ``Preparing for the Future: America's Community Colleges'', 10:30 a.m., 2358-C Rayburn. March 5, Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing And Urban Development, And Related Agencies, hearing entitled ``Inspectors General for the Department of Transportation and the Department of Housing and Urban Development'', 10 a.m., 2358-A Rayburn. March 5, Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies, hearing entitled ``Member Day'', 10:30 a.m., 2358-C Rayburn. March 5, Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, hearing entitled ``Member Day'', 1 p.m., 2008 Rayburn. March 6, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, budget hearing on the Library of Congress and Government Publishing Office, 9 a.m., 2362-B Rayburn. Committee on Armed Services, March 4, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``Speed to Scale: Revitalizing the Defense Industrial Base'', 10 a.m., 2118 Rayburn. March 4, Subcommittee on Readiness, hearing entitled ``Energy, Installations, and Environment Update'', 3 p.m., 2118 Rayburn. March 5, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``U.S. Defense Strategy and Posture'', 10 a.m., 2118 Rayburn. Part of this hearing is closed. Committee on Education and Workforce, March 4, Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Development, hearing entitled ``Building an AI-Ready America: Strengthening Employer-Led Training'', 10:15 a.m., 2175 Rayburn. Committee on Energy and Commerce, March 4, Subcommittee on Energy, hearing entitled ``America's Energy Infrastructure: Authorizing Pipeline Safety'', 10:15 a.m., 2123 Rayburn. March 4, Subcommittee on Environment, hearing entitled ``Ready for Reuse: Legislative Proposals to Unleash the Potential of America's Brownfields Sites'', 2 p.m., 2123 Rayburn. Committee on Financial Services, March 4, Full Committee, markup on H.R. 2071, the ``Save our Shrimpers Act''; H.R. 4171, the ``Small Entrepreneurs' Empowerment and Development Act of 2025''; H.R. 6955, the ``Main Street Capital Access Act''; H.R. 7127, the ``Restoring the Secondary Trading Market Act''; and H.R. 7688, the ``DPA Modernization Act of 2026'', 10 a.m., 2128 Rayburn. March 5, Subcommittee on Financial Institutions, hearing entitled ``Fighting Fraud on the Front Lines: Challenges and Opportunities for Financial Institutions'', 10 a.m., 2128 Rayburn. March 5, Subcommittee on Capital Markets, hearing entitled ``The Role of Self-Regulatory Organizations in the U.S. Markets: Examining FINRA and the MSRB'', 2 p.m., 2128 Rayburn. Committee on Foreign Affairs, March 4, Full Committee, markup on H.R. 7654, to authorize the consolidation of reports required to be submitted by the Bureau of Global Health Security and Diplomacy of the Department of State, and for other purposes; H.R. 7642, to authorize the recruitment and retention of specialized disaster assistance professionals by the Department of State; H.R. 7641, to provide for a pilot program to require congressional notification of additional information for certain foreign assistance programs; H.R. 7633, to require the United States flag to be displayed on United States foreign assistance; H. Res. 971, condemning the coercive actions of the People's Republic of China against Japan in response to statements regarding Taiwan and reaffirming the United States commitment to its allies in the Indo-Pacific [[Page D232]] region; H.R. 1744, to extend and authorize annual appropriations for the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom through fiscal year 2028; H.R. 3447, to require the Secretary of Commerce to issue standards with respect to chip security mechanisms for integrated circuit products, and for other purposes; H.R. 7616, to require the Secretary of State to develop a strategy to identify and mitigate relationships that pose a risk to United States foreign policy interests between certain European institutions and certain covered entities of concern, and for other purposes; H.R. 7058, to require the Secretary of State to conduct assessments of the risks posed to the United States by foreign adversaries who utilize generative artificial intelligence for malicious activities, and for other purposes; H.R. 7653, to enhance diplomatic engagement on international biotechnology and biosecurity matters; H.R. 7632, to designate a Coordinator for hybrid warfare accountability, require the Secretary of State to submit a report identifying Chinese entities materially supporting Russia's defense industrial base and recommending appropriate sanctions, and for other purposes; H.R. 7649, to ensure that persons found responsible for the unauthorized diversion or destruction of United States humanitarian assistance are liable to the United States, and for other purposes; H.R. 7605, to abolish the United States African Development Foundation; H.R. 7630, to prohibit United States recognition of the claims of sovereignty of South Ossetia or Abkhazia within the Republic of Georgia; H.R. 7669, to require a report that describes the current restrictions imposed by the Taliban on women and girls in Afghanistan since August 2021; H.R. 6428, to require the Secretary of State to submit a report on participation in educational and cultural exchange programs; H.R. 6196, to authorize and encourage the United States to pursue a model of locally led development and humanitarian response and expand engagement with local actors and increase its local partner base; H.R. 2504, to require the Secretary of State to develop a strategy to strengthen United States-European nuclear energy cooperation and combat Russian malign influence in the nuclear energy sector in Europe; H.R. 7675, to require the Secretary of State to establish the Initiative on Foreign Investment Screening, and for other purposes; and H.R. 7674, to require the Secretary of State to submit to Congress a strategy to support a democratic transition in Venezuela, and for other purposes, 11 a.m., 2172 Rayburn. March 5, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``Advancing National Security through Public Diplomacy'', 10 a.m., 2172 Rayburn. March 5, Middle East and North Africa Subcommittee, hearing entitled ``Merit, Accountability, and Performance at State: Evaluating Promotion and Placement'', 2 p.m., 2200 Rayburn. Committee on Homeland Security, March 4, Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Accountability, hearing entitled ``Highway Safety Under Threat: Examining Non-Domiciled CDL Issuance to Illegal Aliens'', 2 p.m., 310 Cannon. Committee on the Judiciary, March 4, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``Oversight of the Department of Homeland Security'', 10 a.m., 2141 Rayburn. Committee on Natural Resources, March 4, Subcommittee on Indian and Insular Affairs, hearing on H.R. 2827, to provide for the equitable settlement of certain Indian land disputes regarding land in Illinois, and for other purposes; H.R. 6162, the ``Albuquerque Indian School Act of 2025''; and H.R. 7065, the ``Seneca Nation Law Enforcement Efficiency Act'', 10:15 a.m., 1324 Longworth. March 4, Subcommittee on Water, Wildlife and Fisheries, hearing entitled ``Oversight of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act'', 2 p.m., 1324 Longworth. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, March 4, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``Oversight of Fraud and Misuse of Federal Funds in Minnesota: Part II'', 9 a.m., HVC-210. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, March 4, Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management, hearing entitled ``The General Services Administration: Examining the Future of Federal Real Estate Management to Reduce Costs for the Taxpayer'', 2 p.m., 2167 Rayburn. Committee on Veterans' Affairs, March 4, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, hearing entitled ``Delivering for Veterans and Caregivers: Year One of the Dole Act'', 2:15 p.m., 360 Cannon. March 5, Subcommittee on Health, hearing entitled ``Hidden Wounds: Effectively Supporting Veterans with TBI'', 10:15 a.m., 360 Cannon. Committee on Ways and Means, March 4, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``Hearing with Internal Revenue Service Chief Executive Officer, Frank J. Bisignano'', 10 a.m., 1100 Longworth. March 5, Subcommittee on Work and Welfare, hearing entitled ``Reclaiming 'Forgotten' Fraudulent Pandemic Unemployment Funds Frozen by Banks'', 10 a.m., 2020 Rayburn. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, March 4, Full Committee, hearing entitled ``CI Screening, Vetting, and Watch Listing'', 2 p.m., HVC-304. This hearing is closed. Joint Meeting Joint Hearing: March 3, Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, to hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of Veterans of Foreign Wars and multi VSOs, 10 a.m., SD-G50. March 4, Full Committee, to hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of the American Legion and multi VSOs, 9:45 a.m., SD- G50. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe: March 4, to hold hearings to examine responding to China's infiltration and coercion in Europe, 2:30 p.m., 2247, Rayburn Building. * These figures include all measures reported, even if there was no accompanying report. A total of 15 written reports have been filed in the Senate, 112 reports have been filed in the House. [[Page D233]]" CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD229,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/Senate Committee Meetings,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDSCMEETINGS,D229,D229,,,172 Cong. Rec. D229,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Page D229] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] Committee Meetings (Committees not listed did not meet) No committee meetings were held." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD229-4,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR 2026-03-03,,DAILYDIGEST,DDCOMMITTEEMEETINGS,D229,D230,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7567""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7744""}]",172 Cong. Rec. D229,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Pages D229-D230] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR TUESDAY, MARCH 3, 2026 (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) Senate Committee on Armed Services: to hold hearings to examine an update on the National Defense Strategy; to be immediately followed by a closed session in SVC-217, 9:30 a.m., SH-216. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: Subcommittee on Science, Manufacturing, and Competitiveness, to hold hearings to examine AI that improves safety, productivity, and care, 10:15 a.m., SR-253. Committee on the Judiciary: to hold oversight hearings to examine the Department of Homeland Security, 9 a.m., SD-106. Subcommittee on Crime and Counterterrorism, to hold hearings to examine confronting child trafficking and the failure to protect America's most vulnerable, 2 p.m., SD-226. [[Page D230]] Committee on Veterans' Affairs: to hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of Veterans of Foreign Wars and multi VSOs, 10 a.m., SD-G50. House Committee on Agriculture, Full Committee, begin markup on H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026'', 5 p.m., 1300 Longworth. Committee on Rules, Full Committee, hearing on H.R. 7744, the ``Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026'', 4 p.m., H-313 Capitol. Joint Meeting Joint Hearing: Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, to hold a joint hearing with the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs to examine the legislative presentation of Veterans of Foreign Wars and multi VSOs, 10 a.m., SD-G50." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD229-3,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/House Committee Meetings,HOUSE,DAILYDIGEST,DDHCMEETINGS,D229,D229,,,172 Cong. Rec. D229,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Page D229] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] Committee Meetings No hearings were held. Joint Meetings No joint committee meetings were held." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD229-2,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/House of Representatives,HOUSE,DAILYDIGEST,DDHCHAMBER,D229,D229,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1091""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HRES"", ""number"": ""1094""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5254""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""5729""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7744""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""7752""}]",172 Cong. Rec. D229,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Page D229] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] House of Representatives Chamber Action Public Bills and Resolutions Introduced: 9 public bills, H.R. 7744- 7752; and 4 resolutions, H. Res. 1091-1094, were introduced. Pages H2335-36 Additional Cosponsors: Page H2336 Reports Filed: Reports were filed today as follows: H.R. 5254, to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to enter into an agreement with the Gateway Arch Park Foundation to host private events in Gateway Arch National Park buildings, and for other purposes, with an amendment (H. Rept. 119-536); and H.R. 5729, to authorize direct emergency acquisition flexibilities for the National Park Service for the purpose of retaining, vetting, approving, and expediting contractor approval for the clearing, rebuilding, maintenance, and improvement of the Grand Canyon grounds that have been impacted by the Dragon Bravo Fire, with an amendment (H. Rept. 119-537). Speaker: Read a letter from the Speaker wherein he appointed Representative Smith (NE) to act as Speaker pro tempore for today. Page H2335 Guest Chaplain: The prayer was offered by the Guest Chaplain, Dr. Edrees Bridges, United States Capitol Police, Washington, DC. Page H2335 Quorum Calls--Votes: There were no Yea and Nay votes, and there were no Recorded votes. There were no quorum calls. Adjournment: The House met at 9 a.m. and adjourned at 9:02 a.m." CREC-2026-03-02-pt1-PgD228,2026-03-02,119,2,,,Daily Digest/Highlights + Senate,SENATE,DAILYDIGEST,DDSCHAMBER,D228,D229,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HCONRES"", ""number"": ""72""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""624""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""625""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3956""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3962""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6719""}]",172 Cong. Rec. D228,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 39 (Monday, March 2, 2026)] [Daily Digest] [Pages D228-D229] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] Monday, March 2, 2026 [[Page D228]] Daily Digest HIGHLIGHTS See Resume of Congressional Activity. Senate Chamber Action Routine Proceedings, pages S719-S740 Measures Introduced: Seven bills and two resolutions were introduced, as follows: S. 3956-3962, and S. Res. 624-625. Page S731 Measures Reported: H.R. 6719, to prohibit threats to a minor, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Page S731 Measures Passed: Authorizing the Use of Emancipation Hall: Senate agreed to H. Con. Res. 72, authorizing the use of Emancipation Hall in the Capitol Visitor Center for a ceremony as part of the commemoration of the days of remembrance of victims of the Holocaust. Page S728 Measures Considered: Housing for the 21st Century Act--Agreement: Senate resumed consideration of the motion to proceed to consideration of H.R. 6644, to increase the supply of housing in America. Pages S719-28 During consideration of this measure today, Senate also took the following action: By 84 yeas to 6 nays, 1 responding present (Vote No. 44), three- fifths of those Senators duly chosen and sworn, having voted in the affirmative, Senate agreed to the motion to close further debate on the motion to proceed to consideration of the bill. Page S728 A unanimous-consent agreement was reached providing for further consideration of the motion to proceed to consideration of the bill, post-cloture, at approximately 10 a.m., on Tuesday, March 3, 2026; and that all time during recess, adjournment, and Leader remarks count post-cloture on the motion to proceed to consideration of the bill. Pages S735-36 Nominations Received: Senate received the following nominations: Bradford Pentony Wilson, of New Jersey, to be Archivist of the United States. Sheria Akins Clarke, of South Carolina, to be United States District Judge for the District of South Carolina. Jeffrey Brodsky, of Florida, to be a Governor of the United States Postal Service for a term expiring December 8, 2029. Jeffrey M. Kuhlman, of Kansas, to be United States District Judge for the District of Kansas. Adam Cassady, of Virginia, to be Ambassador at Large for Cyberspace and Digital Policy. Kathleen S. Lane, of Montana, to be United States District Judge for the District of Montana. Kaveh Farzad, of Maryland, to be an Assistant Secretary of Energy (International Affairs). Anthony W. Mattivi, of Kansas, to be United States District Judge for the District of Kansas. William Gallo, of Florida, to be a Governor of the United States Postal Service for a term expiring December 8, 2030. Anthony J. Powell, of Kansas, to be United States District Judge for the District of Kansas. Preston Wells Griffith III, of Virginia, to be Representative of the United States of America to the Vienna Office of the United Nations, with the rank of Ambassador. Evan Rikhye, of the Virgin Islands, to be Judge for the District Court of the Virgin Islands for a term of ten years. Preston Wells Griffith III, of Virginia, to be Representative of the United States of America to the International Atomic Energy Agency, with the rank of Ambassador. Justin D. Smith, of Missouri, to be United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit. Yeouk Kim, of Texas, to be Representative of the United States of America to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador. [[Page D229]] Kara Marie Westercamp, of Virginia, to be a Judge of the United States Court of International Trade. James O'Neill, of Texas, to be Director of the National Science Foundation for a term of six years. Kenneth Sorenson, of Hawaii, to be United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii for the term of four years. Robert Steffens, of Texas, to be a Governor of the United States Postal Service for a term expiring December 8, 2032. Johnson TeeHee II, of Oklahoma, to be United States Marshal for the Eastern District of Oklahoma for the term of four years. Page S740 Executive Communications: Pages S729-30 Petitions and Memorials: Pages S730-31 Additional Cosponsors: Pages S731-33 Statements on Introduced Bills/Resolutions: Pages S733-35 Additional Statements: Page S729 Record Votes: One record vote was taken today. (Total--44) Page S728 Adjournment: Senate convened at 3 p.m. and adjourned at 7:16 p.m., until 10 a.m. on Tuesday, March 3, 2026. (For Senate's program, see the remarks of the Majority Leader in today's Record on pages S735-36.)" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS717,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"ORDERS FOR FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 2026, THROUGH MONDAY, MARCH 2, 2026",SENATE,SENATE,SORDERFOR,S717,S717,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""HR"", ""number"": ""6644""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S717,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S717] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ORDERS FOR FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 2026, THROUGH MONDAY, MARCH 2, 2026 Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that when the Senate completes its business today, it stand adjourned until 3 p.m. on Monday, March 2; that following the prayer and pledge, the Journal of proceedings be approved to date, the morning hour be deemed expired, the time for the two leaders be reserved for their use later in the day, morning business be closed, and the Senate resume consideration of the motion to proceed to Calendar No. 343, H.R. 6644; finally, that the cloture motion with respect to the motion to proceed to Calendar No. 343, H.R. 6644 ripen at 5:30 p.m. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS717-3,2026-02-26,119,2,,,CONFIRMATION,SENATE,SENATE,SCONFIRMATIONS,S717,S717,,,172 Cong. Rec. S717,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S717] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CONFIRMATION Executive nomination confirmed by the Senate February 26, 2026: DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RYAN MCCORMACK, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE UNDER SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION FOR POLICY." CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS717-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"ADJOURNMENT UNTIL MONDAY, MARCH 2, 2026, AT 3 P.M.",SENATE,SENATE,ADJOURNMENT,S717,S717,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S717,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S717] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADJOURNMENT UNTIL MONDAY, MARCH 2, 2026, AT 3 P.M. Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, if there is no further business to come before the Senate, I ask that it stand adjourned under the previous order. There being no objection, the Senate, at 2:54 p.m., adjourned until Monday, March 2, 2026, at 3 p.m. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS716,2026-02-26,119,2,,,NATIONAL STEM WEEK ACT,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S716,S716,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1070""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1070""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S716,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S716] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] NATIONAL STEM WEEK ACT Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the immediate consideration of Calendar No. 339, S. 1070. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the bill by title. The senior assistant legislative clerk read as follows: A bill (S. 1070) to establish a National STEM Week to promote American innovation and enhance STEM education pathways for all students, including those in rural, urban, and underserved communities. There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the bill, which was reported from the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation with an amendment to strike all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic, as follows: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``National STEM Week Act''. SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields are crucial to the economic competitiveness and innovative capacity of the United States. (2) There exists a need to enhance access to quality STEM education across all demographics and regions to address disparities in STEM participation and to ensure a capable future workforce. (3) Informal and formal learning environments, including afterschool programs and at-home activities, play significant roles in stimulating interest and proficiency in STEM subjects. (4) Collaborations between educational institutions, industry partners, and communities can effectively inspire and prepare students for careers in STEM. SEC. 3. DESIGNATION OF NATIONAL STEM WEEK. Section 101 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (B) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(11) in consultation with relevant stakeholders, designate a week each calendar year, until the expiration date provided in subsection (e), as `National STEM Week'.''; (2) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (B) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(11) a description of the activities conducted under National STEM Week, including-- ``(A) a summary of nationwide participation and activities; ``(B) an analysis of the impact of these activities on improving STEM education and closing educational gaps; and ``(C) recommendations for improving future STEM Weeks based on feedback from participants and stakeholders.''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(e) National STEM Week.-- ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection: ``(A) Educational institution.--The term `educational institution' means any elementary school, secondary school, and institution of higher education. ``(B) Elementary school; secondary school.--The terms `elementary school' and `secondary school' have the meanings given the terms in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801). ``(C) Industry leader.--The term `industry leader' means an individual in a leadership position within an industry partner who has the authority to make strategic decisions and allocate resources to support the purposes of National STEM Week. ``(D) Industry partner.--The term `industry partner' means a for-profit or nonprofit entity seeking to support the purposes of National STEM Week. ``(E) Institution of higher education.--The term `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001). ``(F) STEM.--The term `STEM' means science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. ``(G) State.--The term `State' means each of the 50 States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands. ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of National STEM Week are, through the programs and activities described in paragraph (3), to-- ``(A) highlight the importance of STEM education in educational institutions across the country; ``(B) showcase diverse career pathways within STEM fields in both classroom settings and informal learning environments; ``(C) encourage family engagement with STEM activities at home to foster a conducive learning environment; ``(D) facilitate partnerships between educational institutions and industry leaders to provide students with real-world applications and mentorship opportunities in STEM fields; and ``(E) support States and local communities in developing and promoting their own STEM Week activities and resources, tailored to their unique educational and industrial landscapes. ``(3) Programs and activities.--During National STEM Week, the committee established under subsection (a) shall carry out the following: ``(A) Educational activities.--Encourage educational institutions to participate in National STEM Week. ``(B) Community and family engagement.--Encourage families of students attending the educational institutions participating in National STEM Week to participate in STEM activities. ``(C) Industry involvement.--Encourage STEM industries to-- ``(i) engage with students enrolled in educational institutions by providing mentorship programs, site visits, and guest lectures; and ``(ii) support STEM education initiatives at such educational institutions through funding, resources, and expertise. ``(4) Expiration.--The authority to designate a week as National STEM Week and to carry out all programs and activities described in this subsection shall expire on the date that is 5 years after the date of enactment of the National STEM Week Act.''. Mr. BANKS. I ask unanimous consent that the committee-reported substitute amendment be considered and agreed to, that the bill, as amended, be considered read a third time and passed; and that the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. The committee-reported amendment, in the nature of a substitute, was agreed to. The bill (S. 1070), as amended, was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, was read the third time, and passed. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS716-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,RESOLUTIONS SUBMITTED TODAY,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S716,S717,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""617""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""617""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""618""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""618""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""619""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""619""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""621""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""621""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""622""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""622""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S716,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S716-S717] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] RESOLUTIONS SUBMITTED TODAY Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate now proceed to the en bloc consideration of the following resolutions, which are at the desk: S. Res. 617, S. Res. 618, S. Res. 619, S. Res. 620, S. Res. 621, S. Res. 622. There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions en bloc. Mr. BANKS. I ask unanimous consent that the resolutions be agreed to, the preambles be agreed to, and that the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table, all en bloc. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. The resolutions were agreed to. The preambles were agreed to. (The resolutions, with their preambles, are printed in today's Record under ``Submitted Resolutions.'') [[Page S717]] ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS715,2026-02-26,119,2,,,APPOINTMENTS CORRECTION,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S715,S715,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S715,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S715] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] APPOINTMENTS CORRECTION Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that a correction to an appointment made on February 24, 2026, be printed in the Record. For the information of the Senate, this correction is clerical and does not change membership of the United States Commission of Civil Rights made by the appointment. There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the Record, as follows: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair, on behalf of the President pro tempore and upon the recommendation of the Majority Leader, pursuant to the provisions of Public Law 98-183, as amended by Public Law 103-419, appoints the following individual to the United States Commission on Civil Rights, for a term of six years: Sara Frankenstein vice Gail Heriot. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS715-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"AMENDING THE DIGITAL COAST ACT TO IMPROVE THE ACQUISITION, INTEGRATION, AND ACCESSIBILITY OF DATA OF THE DIGITAL COAST PROGRAM AND TO EXTEND THE PROGRAM",SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S715,S716,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2245""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2245""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2245""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S715,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S715-S716] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] AMENDING THE DIGITAL COAST ACT TO IMPROVE THE ACQUISITION, INTEGRATION, AND ACCESSIBILITY OF DATA OF THE DIGITAL COAST PROGRAM AND TO EXTEND THE PROGRAM Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the immediate consideration of Calendar No. 310, S. 2245. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the bill by title. The senior assistant legislative clerk read as follows: A bill (S. 2245) to amend the Digital Coast Act to improve the acquisition, integration, and accessibility of data of the Digital Coast program and to extend the program. The PRESIDING OFFICER. There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the bill, which had [[Page S716]] been reported from the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation with an amendment to strike all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic, as follows: S. 2245 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. ACQUISITION, INTEGRATION, AND ACCESSIBILITY OF DATA OF DIGITAL COAST PROGRAM. Section 4 of the Digital Coast Act (16 U.S.C. 1467) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting ``and fully and freely available'' after ``readily accessible''; (2) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (3)-- (i) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``, including data related to underground infrastructure and subsurface utilities'' after ``data''; and (ii) in subparagraph (H), by striking ``and''; (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(5) limit trainings to technical instruction in the use of data and tools provided under this section.''; and (3) in subsection (g), by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2030''. Mr. BANKS. I ask unanimous consent that the committee-reported substitute amendment be considered and agreed to; that the bill, as amended, be considered read a third time and passed; and that the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. The committee-reported amendment in the nature of a substitute was agreed to. The bill (S. 2245), as amended, was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, was read the third time, and passed. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS714,2026-02-26,119,2,,,HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE MONTH,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S714,S714,"[{""name"": ""Mazie K. Hirono"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S714,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S714] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE MONTH Ms. HIRONO. Mr. President, this year marks the 250th anniversary of America's founding, and this year should be a celebration of our Nation and all those who have made it what it is. The story of our Nation is a story of diversity, of people of different races, religions, and national origins coming together to build something bigger than any one of us. That story should be told in its totality, but we have a regime that fears diversity and is trying to erase it from our history. From directing the National Park Service to remove aspects of American history from exhibits, such as slavery, to targeting immigrant communities across the country, to its all-out war on diversity and inclusion, Trump's regime is attempting to rewrite history and create a White America that never existed in the first place. The Native peoples were here first. This country would not be what it is today without the social, economic, and cultural contributions and the many sacrifices of historically marginalized but important communities. As we celebrate 250 years of America, it is critical that we tell their stories--stories that are central to the country and truly define our communities. One such story is the revitalization of Native languages, including the Hawaiian language. Since 2023, February has been recognized by the State of Hawaii as Mahina Olelo Hawaii, or Hawaiian Language Month. Following the colonization of the Hawaiian Islands by English-speaking westerners, the Hawaiian language, also known as Olelo Hawaii, was nearly driven to extinction. After the illegal overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893, a law was enacted effectively barring the teaching of Olelo Hawaii across the islands. As a result, the use of Olelo Hawaii sharply declined, and the language came close to extinction. Thankfully, cultural practitioners, educators, and community members like Mary Kawena Pukui, author of the Hawaiian language dictionary, kept the language alive until interest in learning Hawaiian increased during the Hawaiian cultural renaissance in the 1970s. In 1978, Olelo Hawaii was finally recognized as an official language of the State of Hawaii--quite the contrast to President Trump's Executive order designating English as the language of our country. Olelo Hawaii has been reintroduced to the public education system, and Hawaiian language immersion schools have been established throughout the State to continue to revitalize and protect this important aspect of Hawaiian culture. The designation of February as Mahina Olelo Hawaii serves as a testament to the resilience of the Native Hawaiian community and the importance of Hawaiian history and culture. Indigenous languages are an important part of our country's history and fabric. A curriculum similar to what is used in our Hawaiian immersion schools has also been used by other indigenous groups to foster and revive their languages. In 2016, for example, a group of Hawaii educators from our Aha Punana Leo immersion schools in Hawaii traveled to the Midwest and mentored a language institute of the Ojibwe Tribe. There, the group shared their methodology and curricula to support the institute's program and help preserve the Ojibwe language. I am really proud that the resurgence of Native Hawaiian language is used as an example for other Native groups to learn how they can use similar programs to preserve their very special Native languages. Celebrating the survival and revitalization of these indigenous languages helps to preserve and strengthen the cultural diversity of our communities because, while much has changed since the founding of our Nation, the through line of America has always been our diversity. So Trump and Republicans can continue to tell their cherry-picked version of American history, but they cannot erase the truth of our diversity. As we celebrate our Nation's 250th anniversary, we reaffirm our commitment to upholding and fostering that diversity, to protecting the culture of communities that were here before us, and to ensuring the stories of our country and the Americans who make it so great are told in full. I yield the floor. I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll. Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS714-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S714,S715,"[{""name"": ""Jim Banks"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S714,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S714-S715] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS Mr. BANKS. Mr. President, before we leave for the weekend, I wanted to take a moment and just come down to the floor and give the President a lot of credit for a great State of the Union speech on Tuesday night. It was my eighth State of the Union speech. I spent 8 years in the House, and this was now the second State of the Union speech I have heard as a U.S. Senator for Indiana. It was truly the best State of the Union speech that I have ever heard. And it was especially special for me to have my younger brother--10 years younger than I--Bradley Banks, from Columbia City, up in the Gallery in the House to watch the State of the Union speech. He, too, loves President Trump and what he stands for, and to have him be my special guest was a special moment for me and for him to experience a great speech as well. As President Trump said 2 nights ago, the state of the Union is strong, and that is thanks to President Trump and his great leadership. It has been incredible to see what a difference just 1 year makes and what a difference President Trump has made in this first year of his second term, especially after 4 disastrous years with President Joe Biden in the White House. President Trump listed a number of reasons why the state of the Union is strong, but just to name a few of those reasons and give President Trump a lot of credit: Because of him, our border is completely secure. What a night-and-day difference that is from what it was just a little over a year ago when President Trump came back into office. Inflation is at its lowest level in more than 5 years, thanks to President Trump. Gas prices are down below $2.30 in most States. Incomes are rising again. The stock market has set 53 alltime record highs since President Trump's election in 2024. Fentanyl moving into our country is down 56 percent. The murder rate has had its single largest decline in American history. And America is respected on the world stage, perhaps unlike ever before, because of President Trump's incredible leadership. As President Trump said at the State of the Union, our country is winning again. I loved hearing that from him. It made me so proud to be a U.S. Senator serving with President Trump in the White House once again. And while President Trump was celebrating our country, while he was saying that we have ``achieved a transformation like no one has ever seen before and a turnaround for the ages,'' Republicans stood to applaud while Democrats sat in their seats. It was really shocking to see Democrats refusing to stand up and cheer for American greatness. It was shocking to me. I couldn't believe it. While President Trump asked Congress to stand up and show support if they agreed that ``the first duty of the American government is to protect American citizens--not illegal aliens,'' the Democrats sat in their seats. They refused to stand up and cheer and stand with President Trump with all of us on the Republican side and agree to that simple statement. None of them agreed--not a single one of them. Not a single Democrat in the House Chamber, House Members or Senators on the [[Page S715]] Democratic side--none of them agreed that the American Government should prioritize their own people above everyone else, especially those who come here illegally--what a disgrace. I will never forget that moment, standing and agreeing with President Trump and clapping and cheering in agreement with him that it is our fundamental duty--the first duty that we have in this government--to put our own citizens over those who come here illegally. Democrats would rather be spectators to America's demise than champions of American greatness. That is what it told me when I saw them sitting in their seats and all of us standing in agreement and cheering for American greatness and what makes this country great as expressed by President Trump. President Trump urged Congress to pass the Delilah Law, which I introduced in the Senate yesterday. What the bill does is it keeps our roads safe from illegal immigrant truckdrivers. Delilah, a beautiful 7- year-old girl, up in the audience, in the Gallery, with her dad--when she was 5 years old, she was hit by an illegal immigrant driving a semitruck and seriously injured. She has made a remarkable recovery but is still injured to this day. When President Trump called on us to pass the Delilah Law to stop illegals from driving on our roads and driving a semitruck with a trailer, when he called on us to pass a simple, commonsense bill to take CDLs away from illegal immigrants, Democrats once again refused to stand up and acknowledge that that is the right thing to do, that that will save lives in our country by getting illegals out of semitrucks. They couldn't stand and applaud for a lot of other things either. The President of the United States, in his speech, talked about lowering prescription drug prices. Republicans stood in agreement with him, and Democrats sat on their hands. The President talked about no taxes on tips, a big part of our signature ``tax cuts for working families'' bill that we passed last year. I can remember distinctly on the campaign trail Democrats talking about no taxes on tips, and then every one of them voted against it. And when President Trump championed it in his State of the Union speech, Republicans stood in agreement and Democrats sat on their hands. The President talked about passing the largest tax cut in American history for working class families, like yours and mine, a tax cut that is significant. In Indiana right now, by the way, early tax returns for Hoosiers, a 10.9-percent increase in those tax returns from a year before. That is real. That is significant money in the pockets of hard-working Hoosier families, people who go to factories every day or work in hourly wage jobs, the real hard-working men and women that make my State and this country great. When President Trump talked about that and how significant that is, Republicans stood in agreement and cheered for it, and Democrats sat on their hands. The President talked about banning radical transgender operations-- again, common sense. Republicans stood in agreement and cheered in support of President Trump's commonsense policies to protect our kids; Democrats sat on their hands. He talked about so many other issues. It was one issue after another that puts the American people, the American workers, American families first and in a better position. Republicans stood in agreement; Democrats sat on their hands. As a son of a retired factory worker--my dad worked at Dana Corporation in Fort Wayne. He made axles. He got up early every morning. Sometimes he worked the third shift, all night long. He belonged to a union. He was a hard-working, union man all of his working life at the factory and put food on the table, provided for our family. As a son of a factory worker and the grandson of a union coal miner who was an FDR Democrat, right--I mean, my grandpa, my family, they thought the Democrat Party represented the working man. It is clear to me now that this is not my grandpa's Democrat Party. My brother Bradley who works for the Columbia City Street Department, gets up every morning. He happens to have a CDL. He drives the snowplow. He works hard to keep our small hometown in northeast Indiana clean and the streets taken care of. He doesn't wake up like you and I do every day and think about politics and what is going on in Washington, DC. He wakes up every day and thinks about working hard to provide for his family. When he sat up in that Gallery on Tuesday night and watched this historic State of the Union speech--the longest State of the Union speech ever, but the best State of the Union speech that I have ever seen--he couldn't believe it. He had a view from the Gallery watching this speech, watching the President talk about how great our country is, putting people like him in a better position to take care of his family, and the Democrats sat on their hands. They couldn't even cheer on the greatness of America and the good things that are happening in this country. It is clear to me that the Democrats just can't handle the truth. They can't handle the truth that 250 years after this Nation's founding, we have so much to be proud of. We are proud of the gold medal U.S. Olympic hockey team who brought golden glory back to the United States 46 years after the ``Miracle on Ice.'' We are proud of our heroic soldiers like CW5 Eric Slover and the 100- year-old Navy fighter pilot CAPT Royce Williams, who both received the Congressional Medal of Honor during the State of the Union speech. What a great moment for us to experience on the floor of the House on Tuesday night. We are proud that the greatest Nation in the history of the world will celebrate its 250th birthday in just a few months. The state of our Union is strong because President Trump is putting Americans first. Mr. President, 250 years after a small group of brave men founded the greatest Nation on Earth, the United States remains the best and strongest country ever. We are still a nation of builders, warriors, and champions; and thanks to President Trump, we are stronger than we have ever been before. That is worth getting out of your seat and standing and applauding and cheering and being in support of. I thought the President of the United States gave an incredible State of the Union speech. It was great. It made me very proud to be an American, and I am grateful for his leadership. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Indiana. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS713,2026-02-26,119,2,,,GOVERNMENT FUNDING,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S713,S714,"[{""name"": ""James Lankford"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Mazie K. Hirono"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S713,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S713-S714] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] GOVERNMENT FUNDING Mr. LANKFORD. Mr. President, it is the end of February, but it sure feels like the beginning because it feels like Groundhog Day. We are in yet another partial government shutdown. We are in it right now. What is interesting is we just had our last vote of the week, and this is still not resolved, and Members are all heading back home as if everything is normal, but it is not. Next week, we will have people who work for the Department of Homeland Security not get a paycheck because it is not funded because this body has not resolved this. Now, I understand my Democratic colleagues want to defund ICE. I get that. I hear from them over and over again: Let's defund ICE. And their way of defunding ICE is to be able to cut off funding to this particular part of our Federal budget. But I think some of my colleagues have lost track of what this means to be able to cut off DHS funding. It is not just cutting off ICE. In fact, ICE is a very small portion of the Department of Homeland Security. There are about 250,000 total employees across all entities in the Department of Homeland Security. ICE has 21,000 of that 250,000- plus. It is a very small group. But they are determined they are going to defund ICE. What they are actually defunding is not just ICE. They have also defunded U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. They have defunded the U.S. Coast Guard. They have defunded Customs and Border Protection--those are all the folks that actually handle customs duties and produce coming across our border. They defunded the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Agency. They defunded FEMA, the Federal Emergency Management Agency. They defunded the Federal law enforcement training centers. They have defunded U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement-- that is ICE, what they were targeting. They have also defunded the Secret Service. TSA--those folks that a lot of Members are going to go check in with to get on a flight right now--they are not getting a paycheck next week, although they are still working this week. They defunded the Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office. Listen, this is a big deal. We just had a shutdown of 43 days--the longest in American history. Those TSA agents lost two paychecks during that time period. There are a lot of Americans who can't miss one and make it; they missed two. The TSA agent I walked past a couple of weeks ago caught me as I came through and said: I feel like my paycheck is bipolar--I never know whether it is going to be there or not. All I could say to them was: I am so sorry. We are trying to get this open. But my Democratic colleagues are so mad at ICE and so determined that they don't want enforcement across the country that TSA agents in my State are not getting a paycheck. What in the world do the TSA agents in my State have to do with the rage against ICE? What in the world do the Coast Guard folks have to do with the rage against ICE? What in the world do the FEMA folks that are handling emergencies, in preparation for spring storms, and dealing with wildfires across the country--what do they have to do with their rage against ICE? If we want to have an argument about ICE, let's have it, but why are we cutting off the paychecks of folks that work for FEMA because somebody is mad at ICE? That makes no sense to me, and it certainly doesn't make sense to those folks at the airport in my State who work every single day, who show up way earlier than most Americans actually wake up and get up. They are already at their spot early that morning taking care of passengers and making sure everybody is safe. They have nothing to do with ICE--except now they are not getting a paycheck because somebody is mad. We should be able to resolve our differences in this body and not have other people not get a paycheck because of that. I have worked literally for years across the aisle and in conversation in this body to be able to come up with a very simple, straightforward bill that says: When we get to a moment that we haven't resolved everything in funding, when we get to that moment, instead of having the government shut down, everyone would still be paid. We would go to what is called a continuing resolution automatically. Everyone would still get paid. The status quo would continue except one thing: We would not leave. We would be here, the House and the Senate, 7 days a week. We would have to be in session and keep working until we solve the problem. Put the pressure on us. Rather than cutting off the paycheck of somebody who has no ability to be able to make the decision to solve this, why don't you put the pressure on us, where it should be, to be able to stay here until it is resolved? Now, I want to see my family like everybody else does. There are folks that have all kinds of issues that are happening this weekend. Some are going on codels. Some are heading overseas. Some are going home. Some have elections coming up. There are lots of things that are happening this weekend, and I totally understand everyone wanting to be able to get to those spots, but we have unfinished business. We should be here until it is done, and we should hold harmless the folks in Oklahoma airports who are just getting up every day and going to work to protect our country and protect travelers. We have to figure this out. So we have two issues. One is, let's solve the immediate one right now. Let's actually get the government back open, and let's actually get people paid. My Democratic colleagues have demanded that we have body-worn cameras on ICE agents. We as Republicans have said: We agree. In fact, the bill that you are blocking literally has $20 million and a requirement to have body-worn cameras for law enforcement in the bill that you are blocking. We agree. Body-worn cameras are helpful for law enforcement and for the public to tell the complete story of what actually happened. My Democratic colleagues have demanded that we get deescalation training for Federal officers. We as Republicans have said: Yes, we agree with that as well. In fact, the bill that you are blocking, that you refuse to even take up, actually includes money for deescalation training in it. And there is not some trick in it; it is the actual issue everyone seems to be addressing right now. This is about the drama of the moment and trying to be able to prove that you oppose Trump. OK. We get it. You don't like President Trump. But what I don't get is, why are the folks that work for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, why are the folks that work at TSA, why are the Coast Guard members, why are the folks that handle weapons of mass destruction, why are the folks that handle cyber security for our Nation--why are we not paying them while we are having this political fight? This may be good political drama, but for the quarter-million Federal employees that are getting up and going to work without a paycheck this week, it is not drama; it is a problem that we need to solve. So let's finish up these negotiations, and let's actually pass a bill that long term says we will never have another one of these. I long for the day when I sit with my grandchildren one day and they say ``Tell me about the time that the government used to shut down when Congress had arguments,'' and I would say ``Yes, there was a time that used to happen, but we fixed that, so that doesn't happen anymore.'' Let's solve this. We are supposed to be the adults in the room to be able to [[Page S714]] resolve our differences. Let's figure this out for the sake of all those folks that are working every day to protect our Nation. Mr. President, I yield the floor. I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll. The assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll. Ms. HIRONO. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS712,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 622--EXPRESSING SUPPORT FOR THE DESIGNATION OF FEBRUARY 21 THROUGH FEBRUARY 28, 2026, AS ""NATIONAL FFA WEEK"", RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE NATIONAL FFA ORGANIZATION IN...",SENATE,SENATE,RECOGNIZING,S712,S712,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""622""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""622""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""622""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S712,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S712] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 622--EXPRESSING SUPPORT FOR THE DESIGNATION OF FEBRUARY 21 THROUGH FEBRUARY 28, 2026, AS ``NATIONAL FFA WEEK'', RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE NATIONAL FFA ORGANIZATION IN DEVELOPING THE NEXT GENERATION OF GLOBALLY CONSCIOUS LEADERS WHO WILL CHANGE THE WORLD, AND CELEBRATING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE CHARTERING OF THE STATE OF ALASKA AS A STATE FFA ASSOCIATION Mr. YOUNG (for himself, Mr. Coons, Mr. Sullivan, Mr. Bennet, Mr. Risch, Mr. Booker, Mr. Cotton, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Daines, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Lummis, Ms. Cortez Masto, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Tillis, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Justice, Mr. Fetterman, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Gallego, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Hickenlooper, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Crapo, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Lankford, Mr. King, Mr. Rounds, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Moran, Mr. Lujan, Mr. Sheehy, Mrs. Shaheen, Mrs. Britt, Ms. Smith, Mrs. Fischer, Mr. Warnock, Mr. Barrasso, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Boozman, Mrs. Blackburn, Mr. Budd, Mr. Scott of South Carolina, Mr. Mullin, Mr. Ricketts, Mr. Hoeven, Ms. Collins, Mr. McConnell, Mr. Grassley, Ms. Ernst, Mr. Banks, Mr. Schiff, and Mr. McCormick) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to: S. Res. 622 Whereas the National FFA Organization (referred to in this preamble as the ``FFA'') was established in 1928; Whereas the mission of the FFA is to make a positive difference in the lives of students by developing their potential for premier leadership, personal growth, and career success through agricultural education; Whereas the FFA has more than 1,000,000 members in 9,407 chapters in all 50 States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia; Whereas the FFA welcomes all students; Whereas more than 13,000 FFA advisors and agricultural education teachers deliver an integrated model of agricultural education, providing students with an innovative and cutting-edge education; Whereas the FFA facilitates formative experiences, altering the course of students' lives for the better; Whereas FFA members develop the necessary career-readiness skills to continue their education in college or to enter the workforce immediately; Whereas the FFA prepares members to be globally conscious citizens of their community, their State, their country, and the world; Whereas the FFA provides opportunities to demonstrate literacy, advocacy, and technical skills in agriculture, food, and natural resources; and Whereas members of the FFA will celebrate ``National FFA Week'' during the week of February 21 through February 28, 2026: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) supports the designation of February 21 through February 28, 2026, as ``National FFA Week''; (2) recognizes the important role of the National FFA Organization in developing the next generation of globally conscious leaders who will change the world; and (3) celebrates the 50th anniversary of the chartering of the State of Alaska as a State FFA Association of the National FFA Organization, which now encompasses 19 chapters, and 493 National FFA members. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS712-3,2026-02-26,119,2,,,AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO MEET,SENATE,SENATE,SAUTHORITY,S712,S713,"[{""name"": ""Lisa Murkowski"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S712,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S712-S713] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO MEET Ms. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I have six requests for committees to meet during today's session of the Senate. They have the approval of the Majority and Minority Leaders. Pursuant to Rule XXVI, paragraph 5(a), of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the following committees are authorized to meet during today's session of the Senate: COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES The Committee on Armed Services is authorized to meet during the session of the Senate on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 9:30 a.m., to conduct a hearing on nominations. COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS The Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs is authorized to meet during the session of the Senate on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 10 a.m., to conduct a hearing. COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS The Committee on Foreign Relations is authorized to meet during the session of the Senate on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 10 a.m., to conduct a classified briefing. [[Page S713]] COMMITTEE ON HEALTH, EDUCATION, LABOR, AND PENSIONS The Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions is authorized to meet in executive session during the session of the Senate on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 10 a.m. COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY The Committee on the Judiciary is authorized to meet during the session of the Senate on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 10:15 a.m., to conduct an executive business meeting. SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING The Special Committee on Aging is authorized to meet during the session of the Senate on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 9:30 a.m., to conduct a hearing. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS712-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,SENATE RESOLUTION 623--COMMEMORATING THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF TEAM USA IN ICE HOCKEY,SENATE,SENATE,COMMEMORATING,S712,S712,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""623""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""623""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""623""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S712,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S712] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 623--COMMEMORATING THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF TEAM USA IN ICE HOCKEY Mr. PETERS (for himself, Ms. Slotkin, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Booker, Mr. Kim, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Hassan, and Ms. Smith) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: S. Res. 623 Whereas the United States had a record number of 232 athletes participating in the Olympic Winter Games Milano Cortina 2026; Whereas the United States Women's Hockey Team defeated Canada to win the gold medal on February 19, 2026; Whereas the United States Women's Hockey Team won their third gold medal since women first competed in ice hockey at the Olympics in 1998; Whereas Megan Keller of Farmington Hills, Michigan, scored the game winning goal in overtime of the gold medal game; Whereas Taylor Heise of Lake City, Minnesota, had an assist on the game winning goal in overtime of the gold medal game; Whereas Caroline Harvey of Salem, New Hampshire, was named the Olympic Most Valuable Player of the women's ice hockey tournament; Whereas Laila Edwards of Cleveland Heights, Ohio, became the first Black woman to win gold with Team USA in women's hockey; Whereas the United States Men's Hockey Team won their first gold medal since the ``Miracle on Ice'' in 1980, exactly 46 years to the day, on February 22, 2026; Whereas goaltender Connor Hellebuyck of Commerce, Michigan, helped lead Team USA to victory with 41 saves; Whereas Jack Hughes of Canton, Michigan, scored the game winning goal in overtime of the gold medal game with assists from Zach Werenski of Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, and Connor Hellebuyck of Commerce, Michigan; Whereas the United States Men's Hockey Team paid tribute to the late Johnny Gaudreau following the gold medal game in recognition of his contribution to the sport of hockey and the loss his family continues to grieve; Whereas this is the first time that both the United States Women's and Men's Hockey Teams won gold in the same Olympics; Whereas the Olympic and Paralympic games provide an opportunity for people around the world to come together through athletics; and Whereas the accomplishments of Team USA in ice hockey and across sports serve as inspiration to the next generation of athletes: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) applauds the athletes and coaches of the United States Women's and Men's Hockey Teams and the families that support them; (2) honors the accomplishments of Team USA in winning both the women's and men's ice hockey tournaments; and (3) commemorates the value of these historic moments in inspiring young athletes. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS711,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 619--DESIGNATING FEBRUARY 16, 2026, AS ""NATIONAL ELIZABETH PERATROVICH DAY""",SENATE,SENATE,DESIGNATING,S711,S711,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""619""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""619""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""619""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S711,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S711] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 619--DESIGNATING FEBRUARY 16, 2026, AS ``NATIONAL ELIZABETH PERATROVICH DAY'' Mr. SULLIVAN (for himself and Ms. Murkowski) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to: S. Res. 619 Whereas Elizabeth Wanamaker Peratrovich, Tlingit, was a member of the Lukaax.adi clan in the Raven moiety with the Tlingit name of Kaaxgal.aat (referred to in this preamble as ``Elizabeth'') who fought for social equality, civil liberties, and respect for Alaska Native and Native American communities; Whereas Elizabeth, who was born in 1911 in Petersburg, Alaska, experienced discrimination as a Tlingit woman, and dedicated her life to creating a better future for Alaska Natives; Whereas more than 6,000 patriotic Alaska Natives protected the United States alongside non-Native Servicemen and women during World War II, despite suffering from unjust discrimination; Whereas, in 1941, Elizabeth and her husband, Roy Peratrovich, moved to Juneau, the capital city of Alaska, to campaign tirelessly for the passage of the anti- discrimination legislation of Ernest Gruening, the Governor of Alaska, which would later result in the passage of the Anti-Discrimination Act of 1945; Whereas, in campaigning for the passage of anti- discrimination legislation, Elizabeth persevered for several years traveling across the Alaska Territory enabling, rallying, and uniting Alaska Natives to fight for recognition that they are created equal to others and equally endowed with ``unalienable Rights''; Whereas Elizabeth was a powerful orator who envisioned unity and then spoke it into existence through community advocacy and the support of the Alaska Native Brotherhood and the Alaska Native Sisterhood; Whereas Elizabeth testified strongly before the Alaska Territorial legislature vote on the Anti-Discrimination Act of 1945, passionately asking the legislature, ``Have you eliminated larceny or murder by passing a law against it? No law will eliminate crimes but, at least you as legislators, can assert to the world that you recognize the evil of the present situation and speak your intent to help us overcome discrimination.''; Whereas the Alaska Territorial Legislature passed the Anti- Discrimination Act of 1945 on February 16, 1945, which was the first anti-discrimination law enacted in the history of the United States; Whereas Elizabeth dedicated the rest of her life to creating a better Alaska for future generations; Whereas Elizabeth tragically died of cancer in 1958, but her legacy has not been forgotten; Whereas, beginning in 1988, the State of Alaska has recognized February 16 as Elizabeth Peratrovich Day; and Whereas, in 2020, the United States Mint released the Elizabeth Peratrovich $1 coin to commemorate the significant impact that Elizabeth had on advancing equality under the law in the United States: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) designates February 16, 2026, as ``National Elizabeth Peratrovich Day''; (2) calls on the people of the United States to observe National Elizabeth Peratrovich Day by remembering the work of Elizabeth Wanamaker Peratrovich and other civil rights leaders; and (3) encourages the people of the United States and Members of Congress to commemorate the life and civil rights advocacy of Elizabeth Wanamaker Peratrovich by continuing the important work of ensuring equality for Alaska Natives and Native Americans. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS711-3,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 621--DESIGNATING THE WEEK OF FEBRUARY 23 THROUGH FEBRUARY 27, 2026, AS ""NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS WEEK""",SENATE,SENATE,DESIGNATING,S711,S712,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""621""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""621""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""621""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S711,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S711-S712] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 621--DESIGNATING THE WEEK OF FEBRUARY 23 THROUGH FEBRUARY 27, 2026, AS ``NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS WEEK'' Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Mr. Reed, Ms. Hirono, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Kaine, Mr. King, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Merkley, Mrs. Shaheen, Mr. Markey, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Welch, Ms. Slotkin, Mrs. Murray, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Lujan, and Mr. Kim) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to: S. Res. 621 Whereas public education is a significant institution in a 21st-century democracy; Whereas public schools in the United States educate students about the values and beliefs that hold the individuals of the United States together as a nation; Whereas public schools prepare young individuals of the United States to contribute to the society, economy, and citizenry of the country; Whereas 87 percent of children in the United States attend public schools; Whereas Federal, State, and local lawmakers should-- (1) prioritize support for strengthening the public schools of the United States; (2) empower superintendents, principals, and other school leaders to implement, manage, and lead school districts and schools in partnership with educators, parents, and other local education stakeholders; and (3) support services and programs that are critical to helping students engage in learning, including counseling, extracurricular activities, and mental health support; [[Page S712]] Whereas public schools should foster inclusive, safe, and high-quality environments in which children can learn to think critically, problem solve, and build relationships; Whereas public schools should provide environments in which all students have the opportunity to succeed in their earliest years, regardless of who a student is or where a student lives; Whereas Congress should support-- (1) efforts to advance equal opportunity and excellence in public education; (2) efforts to implement evidence-based practices in public education; and (3) continuous improvements to public education; Whereas every child should-- (1) receive an education that helps the child reach the full potential of the child; and (2) attend a school that offers a high-quality educational experience; Whereas Federal funding, in addition to State and local funds, supports the access of students to inviting classrooms, well-prepared educators, and services that support healthy students, such as nutritional and afterschool programs; Whereas teachers, paraprofessionals, and principals should provide students with a well-rounded education and strive to create joy in learning; Whereas superintendents, principals, other school leaders, teachers, paraprofessionals, and parents make public schools vital components of communities and are working hard to improve educational outcomes for children across the country; and Whereas the week of February 23 through February 27, 2026, is an appropriate period to designate as ``National Public Schools Week'': Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate designates the week of February 23 through February 27, 2026 as ``National Public Schools Week''. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS711-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 620--DESIGNATING FEBRUARY 28, 2026, AS ""RARE DISEASE DAY""",SENATE,SENATE,DESIGNATING,S711,S711,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S711,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S711] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 620--DESIGNATING FEBRUARY 28, 2026, AS ``RARE DISEASE DAY'' Mr. BARRASSO (for himself and Mr. Blumenthal) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to: S. Res. 620 Whereas a rare disease or disorder is a disease or disorder that affects a small number of patients; Whereas, in the United States, a rare disease or disorder is defined as affecting fewer than 200,000 individuals; Whereas, as of the date of adoption of this resolution, more than 30,000,000 individuals in the United States are living with at least 1 of the more than 10,000 known rare diseases or disorders; Whereas children with rare diseases or disorders account for a significant portion of the population affected by rare diseases or disorders in the United States; Whereas many rare diseases and disorders are serious and life-threatening; Whereas financing life-altering and lifesaving treatments can be challenging for individuals with a rare disease or disorder and their families; Whereas individuals with rare diseases or disorders can experience difficulty in obtaining accurate diagnoses and finding physicians or treatment centers with expertise in their rare disease or disorder; Whereas, although there have been great advancements in finding treatments for rare diseases, approximately 95 percent of rare diseases still do not have a treatment approved by the FDA; Whereas 2026 marks the 43rd anniversary of the enactment of the Orphan Drug Act (Public Law 97-414; 96 Stat. 2049), a landmark law enabling tremendous advances in the research and treatment of rare diseases and disorders; Whereas the National Institutes of Health support innovative research on the treatment of rare diseases and disorders; Whereas programs such as the Accelerating Rare disease Cures Program of the Food and Drug Administration (referred to in this preamble as the ``FDA'') aim to drive scientific and regulatory innovation and engagement to accelerate the availability of treatments for patients with rare diseases; Whereas 23 of the 46 novel drugs approved by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research of the FDA in 2025-- (1) were approved to prevent, diagnose, or treat a rare disease or condition; and (2) received an orphan-drug designation; Whereas Rare Disease Day is observed each year on the last day of February; and Whereas Rare Disease Day is a global event that was first observed in the United States on February 28, 2009: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) designates February 28, 2026, as ``Rare Disease Day''; and (2) recognizes the importance of, with respect to rare diseases and disorders-- (A) improving awareness; (B) encouraging accurate and early diagnosis; and (C) supporting national and global research efforts to develop effective treatments, diagnostics, and cures. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS710,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 617--SUPPORTING THE GOALS AND IDEALS OF ""CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION MONTH""",SENATE,SENATE,SRESOLUTION,S710,S710,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""617""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""617""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""617""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S710,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S710] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 617--SUPPORTING THE GOALS AND IDEALS OF ``CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION MONTH'' Mr. KAINE (for himself, Mr. Young, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Budd, Mr. Barrasso, Mr. Bennet, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Booker, Mrs. Britt, Ms. Cantwell, Mr. Cassidy, Mr. Coons, Ms. Cortez Masto, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Crapo, Mr. Daines, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Grassley, Mr. Hagerty, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Hickenlooper, Ms. Hirono, Mr. Hoeven, Mr. Justice, Mr. King, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Lankford, Mr. Lujan, Ms. Lummis, Mr. Marshall, Mr. Merkley, Mrs. Murray, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Reed, Ms. Rosen, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Schiff, Mr. Scott of South Carolina, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Smith, Mr. Tillis, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Warner, Mr. Whitehouse, Mr. Wicker, Mr. Wyden, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, and Mr. Peters) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to: S. Res. 617 Whereas American competitiveness within the global economy requires workers who are prepared with the requisite academic knowledge as well as technical and employability skills needed for career success; Whereas advancements in technology have fundamentally changed critical economic sectors of the United States and the global economy, creating significant, new demand for high-wage, high-quality, and efficient education and training opportunities; Whereas career and technical education (referred to in this preamble as ``CTE'') ensures that a competitive and skilled workforce is ready, willing, and capable of holding jobs in high-wage, high-skill, and in-demand career fields; Whereas CTE helps the United States meet the very real and immediate challenges of economic development, student academic achievement, and global competitiveness; Whereas, in the United States, it is forecast that by 2031 nearly \1/3\ of all jobs will require some level of postsecondary education, but less than a bachelor's degree; Whereas approximately 12,000,000 students are enrolled in CTE programs across the United States at the secondary and postsecondary levels, with CTE programs in thousands of comprehensive high schools, technical high schools, area technical centers, career academies, and over 1,000 2-year colleges; Whereas CTE aligns with labor market demand and provides employability skills and relevant academic and technical coursework leading to credentials of value for secondary and postsecondary education students and adult learners; Whereas CTE affords students the opportunity to cultivate the knowledge and skills to earn the credentials needed to secure careers in growing, high-demand fields; Whereas secondary CTE has statistically significant positive impacts on the academic achievement, high school completion, employability skills, and college readiness of students; Whereas, according to a recent national survey conducted by the Hunt Institute and Lake Research Partners, 91 percent of voters favor increased opportunities for students to access workforce training and related opportunities to cultivate skills needed for a career; Whereas 83 percent of employers in the United States recruiting from CTE programs find those programs beneficial to their bottom line; Whereas, in 2018, Congress affirmed on a wide bipartisan basis the importance of CTE by passing the Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act (Public Law 115-224; 132 Stat. 1563), which supports investment and improvement in secondary and postsecondary CTE programs in all 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and outlying areas; and Whereas February 23, 2026, marks the 109th anniversary of the signing of the Act of February 23, 1917 (39 Stat. 929, chapter 114, commonly known as the ``Smith-Hughes Vocational Education Act of 1917''), which was the first major Federal investment in secondary CTE and laid the foundation for the bipartisan, bicameral support for CTE that continues as of February 2026: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) supports the designation of February 2026 as ``Career and Technical Education Month'' to celebrate career and technical education across the United States; (2) supports the goals and ideals of Career and Technical Education Month; (3) recognizes the importance of career and technical education in preparing a well-educated and skilled workforce in the United States; and (4) encourages educators, school counselors, guidance and career development professionals, administrators, and parents to promote career and technical education as a respected educational pathway for students. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS710-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"SENATE RESOLUTION 618--RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION (""CTE"") EDUCATORS AND WORK-BASED LEARNING COORDINATORS IN DELIVERING HIGH-QUALITY CTE, PREPARING STUDENTS FOR...",SENATE,SENATE,RECOGNIZING,S710,S711,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""618""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""618""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""618""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S710,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S710-S711] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SENATE RESOLUTION 618--RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION (``CTE'') EDUCATORS AND WORK-BASED LEARNING COORDINATORS IN DELIVERING HIGH-QUALITY CTE, PREPARING STUDENTS FOR SUCCESS IN THE WORKPLACE, THE CLASSROOM, AND IN LIFE, AND SUPPORTING DYNAMIC WORKFORCE PIPELINES THAT ENABLE THE UNITED STATES TO GROW AND LEAD IN CRITICAL ECONOMIC SECTORS Ms. BLUNT ROCHESTER (for herself, Mr. Tuberville, Mr. Markey, Mr. Tillis, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Booker, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Kaine, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Schiff, Mr. King, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Budd, and Mr. Justice) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to: S. Res. 618 Whereas students in classrooms across the United States today are the future leaders, innovators, and workers of tomorrow, and the future of American competitiveness and economic stability is predicated on a robust workforce prepared to meet the needs of critical sectors; Whereas career and technical education (``CTE'') educators work with secondary and post-secondary students-- (1) to explore career pathways; (2) to teach academic, technical, and practical, sector- specific, hands-on skills across a wide-range of in-demand industries and occupations; and (3) to develop skills necessary for rewarding employment and success in life; Whereas work-based learning coordinators help build a bridge for students between the classroom and real workplace experience by collaborating with education systems, CTE programs, and industry partners to facilitate meaningful, age-appropriate work-based learning experiences for students that include internships, apprenticeships, and job shadowing; Whereas there are CTE programs in every State and territory, and there are approximately 12,000,000 students enrolled in CTE programs across the United States; Whereas the high school graduation rate for CTE concentrators is 97 percent, which is above the national average, and these students are more likely than others to be employed full time and have higher median annual earnings 8 years after graduation; Whereas without CTE educators providing support, instruction, and industry knowledge, and without the support of work-based learning coordinators, students would not be able to participate in and enjoy the benefits of CTE programs; Whereas student participation and interest in CTE programs remains consistent, yet there are persistent shortages of CTE educators, with school administrators reporting difficulty filling positions in CTE subjects 57 percent of the time, and retaining CTE educators in high-growth fields is challenging; Whereas, in the 2025-2026 academic year, 25 States, the District of Columbia, and American Samoa reported CTE educator shortages; Whereas 79 percent of high school students expressed an interest in work-based learning experiences, yet only 34 percent of high school students reported being aware of opportunities within their age group; [[Page S711]] Whereas work-based learning coordinators could help increase awareness of CTE programs among high school student and increase access to such opportunities; and Whereas the month of February is recognized as Career and Technical Education Month to celebrate the value, importance, and accomplishments of CTE programs, and there is no CTE without CTE educators: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Senate-- (1) recognizes-- (A) the importance of career and technical education (``CTE'') educators and work-based learning coordinators in delivering high-quality CTE, preparing students for success in the workplace, the classroom, and in life, and supporting dynamic workforce pipelines that enable the United States to grow and lead in critical economic sectors; (B) that all students should have access to quality CTE and work-based learning opportunities that will help them succeed in the classroom, in the workplace, and throughout their lives; (C) that the quality of CTE instruction depends upon the quality, preparedness, and availability of CTE educators and work-based learning coordinators; (D) that CTE educators, work-based learning coordinators, and educators of all academic subjects, deserve competitive wages, good employment benefits, and safe working conditions; and (E) that improving the salaries, benefits, and working conditions of educators would help reduce persistent educator shortages; and (2) commends CTE educators and work-based learning coordinators for their contributions and dedication. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS709,2026-02-26,119,2,,,STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SSTATEMENTS,S709,S709,"[{""name"": ""Susan M. Collins"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3934""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S709,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S709] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS ______ By Ms. COLLINS (for herself and Mr. Peters): S. 3934. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to expand the availability of medical nutrition therapy services under the Medicare program; to the Committee on Finance. Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the Medical Nutrition Therapy Act of 2026, along with my colleague from Michigan Senator Peters. Our bill will expand Medicare beneficiaries' access to medical nutrition therapy, or MNT, which is a cost-effective component of treatment for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other chronic conditions. Increasing access to MNT should be part of the strategy to improve disease management and prevention for America's seniors. The Medical Nutrition Therapy Act would make two important changes to support patients, improve health outcomes, and reduce unnecessary healthcare costs. First, the bill would expand Medicare Part B coverage of outpatient medical nutrition therapy services to several currently uncovered diseases or conditions, including prediabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, malnutrition, eating disorders, cancer, HIV/AIDS, gastrointestinal diseases including celiac disease, and cardiovascular disease. Currently, Medicare Part B only covers outpatient MNT for diabetes, renal disease, and post-kidney transplant. Second, the bill would allow more types of providers--including nurse practitioners, physician assistants, clinical nurse specialists, and psychologists--to refer patients to MNT. Right now, only physicians may refer patients to dieticians for medical nutrition therapy. Expanding the types of providers who make these referrals would be especially significant for patients in a rural State like Maine where an NP or PA may be one's trusted primary care provider. MNT counseling is provided by registered dietitian nutritionists, RDNs, as part of a collaborative healthcare team. It is evidence-based and has been proven to positively affect weight, blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar control. Nutritional counseling by RDNs is recommended by the National Lipid Association to promote long-term adherence to an individualized, heart-healthy diet. Through MST, individuals benefit from in-depth, individualized nutrition assessments. Followup visits help reinforce important behavior and lifestyle changes and increase compliance. Seniors deserve improved access to this cost-effective medical treatment, but many older adults are missing out under the current Medicare policy. I heard from a dietitian in rural Washington County, ME, who is the only part-time dietitian in the county and works at a federally qualified health center, FQHC. One of her patients is an elderly man with severe tooth decay requiring a modified personalized meal plan. He lost 40 pounds in 1 year despite being cleared for any gastrointestinal or other underlying medical condition that could have caused this extreme weight loss. He became clinically malnourished. Finally, his primary care provider referred him to the dietitian at the FQHC for medical nutrition therapy with a diagnosis of failure to thrive. Because this patient, however, did not have a diagnosis of diabetes or renal disease, the FQHC at which he received treatment will not receive Medicare reimbursement for the three 60-minute medical nutrition therapy sessions that the dietitian provided. At his third and final session, the patient shared that this dietitian was the most helpful provider with whom he had ever met. He is no longer afraid of eating and has more good days enjoying meals with family and friends. Another patient from Maine, who is a Medicare beneficiary, was treated for severe obesity with gastric bypass surgery. This patient was unable to afford out of pocket costs to receive post-operative medical nutrition therapy. He struggled with post-operative diet advancement, which led to hospitalization for severe dehydration and failure to thrive within the first 3 months after surgery. One year after surgery, this patient had severe nutritional anemia requiring iron infusion and monthly vitamin B-12 injections. This tragic situation could have been prevented if the MNT he needed had been covered by Medicare. Early treatment with MNT can prevent serious health complications and chronic conditions, particularly in older adults. In addition to the human cost, there is a financial one: the impact on the Medicare Program. This should not come as a surprise since the health and economic effects of chronic diseases are staggering. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 90 percent of the $4.9 trillion that the United States spends annually on healthcare goes to the treatment of people with chronic diseases and mental health conditions. Preventing chronic diseases, or managing symptoms when prevention is not possible is an effective way to reduce these costs. This is particularly important for the Medicare Program as more than two-thirds of seniors on Medicare live with multiple chronic conditions. As one registered dietitian nutritionist in Maine told me, ``We all know a dollar spent on prevention saves many health care dollars in the long run and is the right thing to do for our seniors at a time when they have limited budgets.'' The Medical Nutrition Therapy Act of 2025 is supported by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Diabetes Association, the Endocrine Society, and UsAgainstAlzheimer's. I urge my colleagues to support this important legislation to improve access to cost-effective medical treatment for Medicare patients with chronic diseases. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS709-3,2026-02-26,119,2,,,SENATE RESOLUTION 616--REQUESTING INFORMATION ON HONDURAS'S HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES PURSUANT TO SECTION 502B(C) OF THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961,SENATE,SENATE,SRESOLUTION,S709,S710,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""616""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""616""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""616""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S709,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S709-S710] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS ______ SENATE RESOLUTION 616--REQUESTING INFORMATION ON HONDURAS'S HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES PURSUANT TO SECTION 502B(C) OF THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961 Ms. CORTEZ MASTO (for herself and Mr. Kaine) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Finance: S. Res. 616 Resolved, SECTION 1. REQUEST FOR INFORMATION ON HONDURAS'S HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES. (a) Statement Requested.--The Senate requests that the Secretary of State, not later than 30 days after the date of the adoption of this resolution, submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, pursuant to section 502B(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304(c)), a statement regarding Honduras's human rights practices that has been prepared in collaboration with the Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor and the Office of the Legal Adviser at the Department of State. (b) Elements.--The statement submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include-- (1) all available credible information concerning alleged violations of internationally recognized human rights by the Government of the Republic of Honduras under former President Juan Orlando Hernandez, including-- (A) connections between high-level government officials and drug trafficking organizations, including the Sinaloa Cartel; [[Page S710]] (B) corruption of government officials related to drug trafficking, including money laundering and bribery; (C) torture, rape, illegal detention, witness tampering, and murder in connection with drug cartels and drug trafficking; and (D) efforts to undermine police reforms and drug crime investigations; (2) a description of the steps the United States Government has taken-- (A) to promote respect for and observance of human rights as part of the Government of Honduras's activities; (B) to bring Honduran government officials to justice for their involvement in drug trafficking and related crimes; (C) to discourage any practices that are inimical to internationally recognized human rights; and (D) to publicly or privately call attention to, and disassociate the United States and any security assistance provided for the Republic of Honduras from, any practices described in subparagraphs (B) and (C); and (3) other information, including-- (A) an assessment from the Secretary of State of the likelihood that United States security assistance (as defined in section 502B(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304(d))) provided to the Republic of Honduras has been used in support of activities related to facilitating drug trafficking and its attendant crimes; (B) an assessment from the Secretary of State of former President Juan Orlando Hernandez's status post-conviction and any ongoing ties he maintains to drug cartels; and (C) a description of any actions that the United States Government is taking to ensure that the Government of the Republic of Honduras addresses corruption and human rights violations tied to drug trafficking. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS709-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,Introductory Statement on S. 3934,SENATE,SENATE,SSTATEMENTSIND,S709,S709,"[{""name"": ""Susan M. Collins"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]","[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3934""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S709,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S709] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] By Ms. COLLINS (for herself and Mr. Peters): S. 3934. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to expand the availability of medical nutrition therapy services under the Medicare program; to the Committee on Finance. Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the Medical Nutrition Therapy Act of 2026, along with my colleague from Michigan Senator Peters. Our bill will expand Medicare beneficiaries' access to medical nutrition therapy, or MNT, which is a cost-effective component of treatment for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other chronic conditions. Increasing access to MNT should be part of the strategy to improve disease management and prevention for America's seniors. The Medical Nutrition Therapy Act would make two important changes to support patients, improve health outcomes, and reduce unnecessary healthcare costs. First, the bill would expand Medicare Part B coverage of outpatient medical nutrition therapy services to several currently uncovered diseases or conditions, including prediabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, malnutrition, eating disorders, cancer, HIV/AIDS, gastrointestinal diseases including celiac disease, and cardiovascular disease. Currently, Medicare Part B only covers outpatient MNT for diabetes, renal disease, and post-kidney transplant. Second, the bill would allow more types of providers--including nurse practitioners, physician assistants, clinical nurse specialists, and psychologists--to refer patients to MNT. Right now, only physicians may refer patients to dieticians for medical nutrition therapy. Expanding the types of providers who make these referrals would be especially significant for patients in a rural State like Maine where an NP or PA may be one's trusted primary care provider. MNT counseling is provided by registered dietitian nutritionists, RDNs, as part of a collaborative healthcare team. It is evidence-based and has been proven to positively affect weight, blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar control. Nutritional counseling by RDNs is recommended by the National Lipid Association to promote long-term adherence to an individualized, heart-healthy diet. Through MST, individuals benefit from in-depth, individualized nutrition assessments. Followup visits help reinforce important behavior and lifestyle changes and increase compliance. Seniors deserve improved access to this cost-effective medical treatment, but many older adults are missing out under the current Medicare policy. I heard from a dietitian in rural Washington County, ME, who is the only part-time dietitian in the county and works at a federally qualified health center, FQHC. One of her patients is an elderly man with severe tooth decay requiring a modified personalized meal plan. He lost 40 pounds in 1 year despite being cleared for any gastrointestinal or other underlying medical condition that could have caused this extreme weight loss. He became clinically malnourished. Finally, his primary care provider referred him to the dietitian at the FQHC for medical nutrition therapy with a diagnosis of failure to thrive. Because this patient, however, did not have a diagnosis of diabetes or renal disease, the FQHC at which he received treatment will not receive Medicare reimbursement for the three 60-minute medical nutrition therapy sessions that the dietitian provided. At his third and final session, the patient shared that this dietitian was the most helpful provider with whom he had ever met. He is no longer afraid of eating and has more good days enjoying meals with family and friends. Another patient from Maine, who is a Medicare beneficiary, was treated for severe obesity with gastric bypass surgery. This patient was unable to afford out of pocket costs to receive post-operative medical nutrition therapy. He struggled with post-operative diet advancement, which led to hospitalization for severe dehydration and failure to thrive within the first 3 months after surgery. One year after surgery, this patient had severe nutritional anemia requiring iron infusion and monthly vitamin B-12 injections. This tragic situation could have been prevented if the MNT he needed had been covered by Medicare. Early treatment with MNT can prevent serious health complications and chronic conditions, particularly in older adults. In addition to the human cost, there is a financial one: the impact on the Medicare Program. This should not come as a surprise since the health and economic effects of chronic diseases are staggering. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 90 percent of the $4.9 trillion that the United States spends annually on healthcare goes to the treatment of people with chronic diseases and mental health conditions. Preventing chronic diseases, or managing symptoms when prevention is not possible is an effective way to reduce these costs. This is particularly important for the Medicare Program as more than two-thirds of seniors on Medicare live with multiple chronic conditions. As one registered dietitian nutritionist in Maine told me, ``We all know a dollar spent on prevention saves many health care dollars in the long run and is the right thing to do for our seniors at a time when they have limited budgets.'' The Medical Nutrition Therapy Act of 2025 is supported by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Diabetes Association, the Endocrine Society, and UsAgainstAlzheimer's. I urge my colleagues to support this important legislation to improve access to cost-effective medical treatment for Medicare patients with chronic diseases. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS707,2026-02-26,119,2,,,SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND SENATE RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SSUBMISSION,S707,S707,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""616""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""617""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""618""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""619""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""620""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""621""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""622""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""623""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S707,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S707] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND SENATE RESOLUTIONS The following concurrent resolutions and Senate resolutions were read, and referred (or acted upon), as indicated: By Ms. CORTEZ MASTO (for herself and Mr. Kaine): S. Res. 616. A resolution requesting information on Honduras's human rights practices pursuant to section 502B(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. KAINE (for himself, Mr. Young, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Budd, Mr. Barrasso, Mr. Bennet, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Booker, Mrs. Britt, Ms. Cantwell, Mr. Cassidy, Mr. Coons, Ms. Cortez Masto, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Crapo, Mr. Daines, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Grassley, Mr. Hagerty, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Hickenlooper, Ms. Hirono, Mr. Hoeven, Mr. Justice, Mr. King, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Lankford, Mr. Lujan, Ms. Lummis, Mr. Marshall, Mr. Merkley, Mrs. Murray, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Reed, Ms. Rosen, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Schiff, Mr. Scott of South Carolina, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Smith, Mr. Tillis, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Warner, Mr. Whitehouse, Mr. Wicker, Mr. Wyden, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, and Mr. Peters): S. Res. 617. A resolution supporting the goals and ideals of ``Career and Technical Education Month''; considered and agreed to. By Ms. BLUNT ROCHESTER (for herself, Mr. Tuberville, Mr. Markey, Mr. Tillis, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Booker, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Kaine, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Schiff, Mr. King, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Budd, and Mr. Justice): S. Res. 618. A resolution recognizing the importance of career and technical education (``CTE'') educators and work- based learning coordinators in delivering high-quality CTE, preparing students for success in the workplace, the classroom, and in life, and supporting dynamic workforce pipelines that enable the United States to grow and lead in critical economic sectors; considered and agreed to. By Mr. SULLIVAN (for himself and Ms. Murkowski): S. Res. 619. A resolution designating February 16, 2026, as ``National Elizabeth Peratrovich Day''; considered and agreed to. By Mr. BARRASSO (for himself and Mr. Blumenthal): S. Res. 620. A resolution designating February 28, 2026, as ``Rare Disease Day''; considered and agreed to. By Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Mr. Reed, Ms. Hirono, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Kaine, Mr. King, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Merkley, Mrs. Shaheen, Mr. Markey, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Welch, Ms. Slotkin, Mrs. Murray, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Lujan, and Mr. Kim): S. Res. 621. A resolution designating the week of February 23 through February 27, 2026, as ``National Public Schools Week''; considered and agreed to. By Mr. YOUNG (for himself, Mr. Coons, Mr. Sullivan, Mr. Bennet, Mr. Risch, Mr. Booker, Mr. Cotton, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Daines, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Lummis, Ms. Cortez Masto, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Tillis, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Justice, Mr. Fetterman, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Gallego, Mr. Hagerty, Mr. Hickenlooper, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Crapo, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Lankford, Mr. King, Mr. Rounds, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Moran, Mr. Lujan, Mr. Sheehy, Mrs. Shaheen, Mrs. Britt, Ms. Smith, Mrs. Fischer, Mr. Warnock, Mr. Barrasso, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Boozman, Mrs. Blackburn, Mr. Budd, Mr. Scott of South Carolina, Mr. Mullin, Mr. Ricketts, Mr. Hoeven, Ms. Collins, Mr. McConnell, Mr. Grassley, Ms. Ernst, Mr. Banks, Mr. Schiff, and Mr. McCormick): S. Res. 622. A resolution expressing support for the designation of February 21 through February 28, 2026, as ``National FFA Week'', recognizing the important role of the National FFA Organization in developing the next generation of globally conscious leaders who will change the world, and celebrating the 50th anniversary of the chartering of the State of Alaska as a State FFA Association; considered and agreed to. By Mr. PETERS (for himself, Ms. Slotkin, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Booker, Mr. Kim, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Hassan, and Ms. Smith): S. Res. 623. A resolution commemorating the accomplishments of Team USA in ice hockey; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS707-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS,SENATE,SENATE,SCOSPONSORS,S707,S709,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SJRES"", ""number"": ""104""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SJRES"", ""number"": ""104""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""236""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""236""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""556""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""556""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""556""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""606""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""SRES"", ""number"": ""606""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""645""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""645""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""952""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""952""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1039""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1039""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1281""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1281""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1379""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1379""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1705""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1705""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1736""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1736""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1805""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1805""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1821""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""1821""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2019""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2019""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2106""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2106""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2195""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2195""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2265""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2265""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2390""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2390""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2414""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2414""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2464""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2464""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2528""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2528""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2615""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2615""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2667""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""2667""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3135""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3135""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3267""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3267""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3394""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3394""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3397""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3397""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3398""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3398""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3400""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3400""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3659""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3659""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3747""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3747""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3775""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3775""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3900""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3900""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3904""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3904""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3917""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3917""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S707,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S707-S709] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS S. 556 At the request of Mr. Sullivan, the name of the Senator from Montana (Mr. Sheehy) was added as a cosponsor of S. 556, a bill to impose sanctions with respect to persons engaged in logistical transactions and sanctions evasion relating to oil, gas, liquefied natural gas, and related petrochemical products from the Islamic Republic of Iran, and for other purposes. S. 645 At the request of Mrs. Fischer, the name of the Senator from Wisconsin (Ms. Baldwin) was added as a cosponsor of S. 645, a bill to award a Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to the individuals and communities who volunteered or donated items to the North Platte Canteen in North Platte, Nebraska, during World War II from December 25, 1941, to April 1, 1946. S. 952 At the request of Mr. Cassidy, the name of the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. Hagerty) was added as a cosponsor of S. 952, a bill to amend the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States to provide a uniform 8- digit subheading number for all whiskies. S. 1039 At the request of Mr. Sheehy, the name of the Senator from Mississippi (Mrs. Hyde-Smith) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1039, a bill to amend the definitions of firearm silencer and firearm muffler in section 921 of title 18, United States Code, and for other purposes. S. 1281 At the request of Mr. Tillis, the name of the Senator from Mississippi (Mrs. Hyde-Smith) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1281, a bill to establish a new nonimmigrant visa for mobile entertainment workers. S. 1379 At the request of Mr. Lujan, the name of the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Smith) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1379, a bill to ensure consumers have access to data relating to their motor vehicles, critical repair information, and tools, and to provide them choices for the maintenance, service, and repair of their motor vehicles, and for other purposes. S. 1705 At the request of Mr. Cotton, the name of the Senator from North Dakota (Mr. Cramer) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1705, a bill to require the Secretary of Commerce to issue standards with respect to chip security mechanisms for integrated circuit products, and for other purposes. S. 1736 At the request of Mrs. Murray, the name of the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1736, a bill to amend the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 to clarify the availability and appropriateness of training for local food service personnel, and for other purposes. S. 1805 At the request of Ms. Collins, the name of the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Klobuchar) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1805, a bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to permit nurse practitioners and physician assistants to satisfy the documentation requirement under the Medicare program for coverage of certain shoes for individuals with diabetes. S. 1821 At the request of Mr. Tillis, the name of the Senator from Montana (Mr. Sheehy) was added as a cosponsor of S. 1821, a bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to establish a tax on income from litigation which is received by third-party entities that provided financing for such litigation. [[Page S708]] S. 2019 At the request of Mr. Crapo, the name of the Senator from Delaware (Ms. Blunt Rochester) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2019, a bill to establish a Task Force for Recognizing and Averting Payment Scams, and for other purposes. S. 2106 At the request of Mr. Van Hollen, the name of the Senator from Delaware (Ms. Blunt Rochester) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2106, a bill to provide a process for granting lawful permanent resident status to aliens from certain countries who meet certain eligibility requirements, and for other purposes. S. 2195 At the request of Ms. Baldwin, the name of the Senator from Nebraska (Mrs. Fischer) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2195, a bill to award a Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to the brave women who served in World War II as members of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps and U.S. Navy Nurse Corps. S. 2265 At the request of Mr. Padilla, the names of the Senator from Louisiana (Mr. Cassidy) and the Senator from Nevada (Ms. Rosen) were added as cosponsors of S. 2265, a bill to require the Secretary of the Treasury to mint coins in commemoration of the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Los Angeles, California, and the 2034 Olympics and Paralympic Winter Games in Salt Lake City, Utah. S. 2390 At the request of Mr. Rounds, the name of the Senator from North Carolina (Mr. Budd) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2390, a bill to require the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to reclassify the application of certain requirements under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 for housing-related activities. S. 2414 At the request of Mr. Tillis, the name of the Senator from Ohio (Mr. Husted) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2414, a bill to update the definition of manufactured home, and for other purposes. S. 2464 At the request of Mr. Scott of South Carolina, the names of the Senator from Louisiana (Mr. Cassidy) and the Senator from Ohio (Mr. Husted) were added as cosponsors of S. 2464, a bill to allow the Comptroller of the Currency and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to increase the aggregate amount of investments that a national banking association and a State member bank may make to promote the public welfare, and for other purposes. S. 2528 At the request of Mr. Rounds, the name of the Senator from Virginia (Mr. Warner) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2528, a bill to establish AI Innovation Labs that permit certain persons to experiment with artificial intelligence without expectation of enforcement actions. S. 2615 At the request of Mr. Hickenlooper, the names of the Senator from Michigan (Ms. Slotkin) and the Senator from Indiana (Mr. Young) were added as cosponsors of S. 2615, a bill to require the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to develop voluntary guidelines and specifications for internal and external assurances of artificial intelligence systems, and for other purposes. S. 2667 At the request of Mr. Booker, the name of the Senator from Illinois (Ms. Duckworth) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2667, a bill to prevent violence in the West Bank and authorize the imposition of sanctions with respect to any foreign person endangering United States national security and undermining prospects for a two-state solution by committing illegal violent acts. S. 3135 At the request of Mr. Sullivan, the name of the Senator from Utah (Mr. Curtis) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3135, a bill to require the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to authorize manufacturers of certain vehicles to suspend engine derate or shutdown functions in prolonged cold weather conditions, and for other purposes. S. 3267 At the request of Ms. Collins, the name of the Senator from North Dakota (Mr. Cramer) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3267, a bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide for Medicare coverage of blood-based dementia screening tests. S. 3394 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. Cruz) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3394, a bill to direct the United States Sentencing Commission to amend the sentencing guideline relating to child sexual abuse material. S. 3397 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. Cruz) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3397, a bill to make coercion of children to commit harm a criminal offense, and for other purposes. S. 3398 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. Cruz) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3398, a bill to amend title 18, United States Code, to criminalize intentional threats to distribute child sexual abuse material, and to provide appropriate penalties for the use of child sexual abuse material to extort or coerce victims. S. 3400 At the request of Mr. Curtis, the names of the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Klobuchar), the Senator from New Jersey (Mr. Kim) and the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Blumenthal) were added as cosponsors of S. 3400, a bill to amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act to require coverage of hearing devices and systems in certain private health insurance plans, and for other purposes. S. 3659 At the request of Mrs. Shaheen, the names of the Senator from Michigan (Ms. Slotkin) and the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. Justice) were added as cosponsors of S. 3659, a bill to establish a Strategic Resilience Reserve of the United States, and for other purposes. S. 3747 At the request of Mrs. Moody, the name of the Senator from Utah (Mr. Lee) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3747, a bill to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to recognize students who have completed secondary school education in a home school setting as high school graduates, and for other purposes. S. 3775 At the request of Mrs. Gillibrand, the name of the Senator from Oregon (Mr. Wyden) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3775, a bill to reduce the incidence of death by underride by enhancing underride protection on trailers, semitrailers, and single unit trucks, which will result in more survivable truck crashes, to improve motor carrier, passenger motor vehicle, and Vulnerable Road User safety, and for other purposes. S. 3900 At the request of Mr. McCormick, the names of the Senator from Utah (Mr. Curtis), the Senator from New York (Mrs. Gillibrand), the Senator from Indiana (Mr. Banks), the Senator from California (Mr. Schiff), the Senator from Maine (Ms. Collins) and the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. Klobuchar) were added as cosponsors of S. 3900, a bill to promote human rights, internet freedom and accountability in Iran, and for other purposes. S. 3904 At the request of Ms. Warren, the names of the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons) and the Senator from Colorado (Mr. Hickenlooper) were added as cosponsors of S. 3904, a bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to deny interest and depreciation deductions for certain taxpayers, and for other purposes. S. 3917 At the request of Mr. Banks, the names of the Senator from Missouri (Mr. Schmitt) and the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. Justice) were added as cosponsors of S. 3917, a bill to prohibit the issuance of commercial driver's licenses to individuals who are not citizens or lawful permanent residents of the United States or holders of certain work visas, and for other purposes. [[Page S709]] S.J. RES. 104 At the request of Mr. Kaine, the names of the Senator from Arizona (Mr. Gallego), the Senator from Illinois (Ms. Duckworth), the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. Murphy) and the Senator from California (Mr. Padilla) were added as cosponsors of S.J. Res. 104, a joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. S. RES. 236 At the request of Mr. Grassley, the name of the Senator from Wisconsin (Ms. Baldwin) was added as a cosponsor of S. Res. 236, a resolution calling for the return of abducted Ukrainian children before finalizing any peace agreement to end the war against Ukraine. S. RES. 606 At the request of Mr. Lankford, the name of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. Young) was added as a cosponsor of S. Res. 606, a resolution condemning the Government of Iran for its suppression of the right of Iranians to peacefully assemble. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS706,2026-02-26,119,2,,,INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS,SENATE,SENATE,SINTROBILLS,S706,S707,,"[{""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3926""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3927""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3928""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3929""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3930""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3931""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3932""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3933""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3934""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3935""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3936""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3937""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3938""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3939""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3940""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3941""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3942""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3943""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3944""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3945""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3946""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3947""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3948""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3949""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3950""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3951""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3952""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3953""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3954""}, {""congress"": ""119"", ""type"": ""S"", ""number"": ""3955""}]",172 Cong. Rec. S706,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S706-S707] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS The following bills and joint resolutions were introduced, read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred as indicated: By Mr. WELCH (for himself and Mr. Van Hollen): S. 3926. A bill to promote competition in the area of digital energy management tools, enhance consumer access to electric energy and natural gas information, allow for the development and adoption of innovative products and services to help consumers, organizations, and governments manage their energy usage and improve electric grid reliability, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. By Mr. KIM (for himself and Mr. Booker): S. 3927. A bill to prohibit funds made available through the One Big Beautiful Bill Act from being used to purchase warehouses, to contract with the owners of warehouses, or to repurpose, operate, staff, or maintain any warehouse owned by the Department of Homeland Security for the purpose of detaining noncitizens; to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. By Mr. SCHIFF: S. 3928. A bill to direct the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to conduct a study, and publish guidance on, calculating and reporting scope 3 emissions; to the Committee on Environment and Public Works. By Mr. SHEEHY (for himself, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Daines, and Mr. Wyden): S. 3929. A bill to require the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to acquire and install certified airborne position reference tools at air traffic control towers, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. By Mr. MERKLEY (for himself and Mr. Hawley): S. 3930. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to impose an excise tax on the acquisition of single-family residences by hedge fund taxpayers, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. CRAPO (for himself and Mr. Wyden): S. 3931. A bill to improve services provided to taxpayers by the Internal Revenue Service; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. KIM: S. 3932. A bill to require the Office of Detention Oversight to conduct audits of detention facilities and to restrict the detention of aliens at such facilities until after any deficiencies revealed in such audits have been properly remediated; to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. By Mr. KIM: S. 3933. A bill to prohibit funds from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act from being used to recruit or hire new immigration enforcement agents or officers at ICE or CBP; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. By Ms. COLLINS (for herself and Mr. Peters): S. 3934. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to expand the availability of medical nutrition therapy services under the Medicare program; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. KENNEDY: S. 3935. A bill to amend the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to clarify the composition of the membership of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. By Mr. TUBERVILLE (for himself and Mr. Husted): S. 3936. A bill to amend the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to expand eligibility for guaranteed and direct loans to individuals or entity members that hold at least a 50 percent interest and that are or will become qualified operators of the farm real estate acquired, improved , or supported with farm ownership, operating, or emergency loans, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. By Mr. HAWLEY (for himself and Mr. Merkley): S. 3937. A bill to amend the Sherman Act to prohibit certain entities from purchasing residential real estate, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. KING (for himself, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Hickenlooper, Mr. Risch, Ms. Rosen, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Whitehouse, Mr. Ricketts, Mr. Kelly, Ms. Collins, Mr. Coons, Mr. Scott of South Carolina, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Curtis, Mr. Ossoff, Mrs. Shaheen, Mr. Sanders, and Mr. Scott of Florida): S. 3938. A bill to amend title 10, United States Code, to authorize representatives of veterans service organizations to participate in presentations to promote certain benefits available to veterans during preseparation counseling under the Transition Assistance Program of the Department of Defense, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. By Mr. WARNER (for himself, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Van Hollen, and Ms. Alsobrooks): S. 3939. A bill to reauthorize the Chesapeake Bay Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. By Mr. DAINES (for himself, Mr. Warner, Mr. Crapo, Ms. Smith, Mr. Rounds, Mr. Kim, Mr. Risch, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Justice, Ms. Klobuchar, Mrs. Fischer, Mr. Booker, Mr. Wicker, Mr. Hickenlooper, Mr. Sheehy, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Sullivan, Mrs. Gillibrand, Mrs. Hyde- Smith, Mr. Coons, Mr. Peters, Mr. Bennet, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Cassidy, Mr. Durbin, Ms. Murkowski, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Boozman, and Mr. Heinrich): S. 3940. A bill to amend the Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to testify before Congress, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. By Ms. CORTEZ MASTO (for herself, Mr. Young, and Mr. Justice): S. 3941. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to restore treatment of State and local bonds which are guaranteed by a Federal home loan bank as not federally guaranteed for purposes of determining their tax-exempt status; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. CRUZ (for himself and Mr. Budd): S. 3942. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide that 501(c)(3) organizations are liable for the use of funding provided as a fiscal sponsor; to the Committee on Finance. By Ms. ROSEN (for herself, Mr. Coons, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Kaine, Ms. Alsobrooks, Mr. Heinrich, and Mr. Kim): S. 3943. A bill to require a process for the exclusion of certain articles used in home constructions from certain duties, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Finance. By Ms. ALSOBROOKS (for herself and Mrs. Britt): S. 3944. A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to reauthorize the WISEWOMAN program; to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. By Mr. MULLIN (for himself, Mr. Daines, Mr. Hoeven, and Mr. Grassley): S. 3945. A bill to ensure that Federal laws that enable Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies to access firearms apply equally to Tribal law enforcement agencies; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. MULLIN (for himself and Mr. Daines): S. 3946. A bill to allow members of federally recognized Tribes to use their Tribal government identification documents in obtaining a firearm from a federally licensed firearms dealer; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. McCORMICK (for himself and Mr. Welch): S. 3947. A bill to amend the Federal Power Act to establish a categorical exclusion for reconductoring within existing rights-of-way, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. By Ms. WARREN (for herself, Mr. Coons, Mr. Wyden, Ms. Alsobrooks, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Bennet, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Blunt Rochester, Mr. Booker, Ms. Cantwell, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Fetterman, Mr. Gallego, Mrs. Gillibrand, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Heinrich, Mr. Hickenlooper, Ms. Hirono, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Kelly, Mr. Kim, Mr. King, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Lujan, Mr. Markey, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Murphy, Mrs. Murray, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Reed, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Schatz, Mr. Schiff, Mr. Schumer, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Smith, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Warner, Mr. Welch, and Mr. Whitehouse): S. 3948. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to codify the Direct File program; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. WYDEN (for himself, Mr. Fetterman, and Mr. Cassidy): S. 3949. A bill to amend the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to require the promulgation of cybersecurity and digital service regulations relating to the use of EBT cards under the supplemental nutrition assistance program, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. By Mr. YOUNG: S. 3950. A bill to amend title 49, United States Code, to combat freight fraud and theft, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. By Mr. SCOTT of Florida: S. 3951. A bill to provide authority and discretion to the President over budgetary resources to achieve a balanced budget; to the Committee on the Budget. By Mr. YOUNG (for himself, Ms. Cantwell, Mrs. Blackburn, and Mr. Hickenlooper): S. 3952. A bill to establish artificial intelligence standards, metrics, and evaluation tools, to support artificial intelligence research, development, and capacity building [[Page S707]] activities, to promote innovation in the artificial intelligence industry by ensuring companies of all sizes can succeed and thrive, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. By Mr. BOOKER (for himself, Ms. Klobuchar, Ms. Rosen, Mr. Van Hollen, and Mr. Sanders): S. 3953. A bill to authorize the Director of the National Museum of African American History and Culture to support African American history education programs, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Rules and Administration. By Ms. ERNST: S. 3954. A bill to terminate the ability of eligible telecommunications carriers in certain States to use State eligibility determination processes in place of the National Verifier to determine the eligibility of consumers for Lifeline service; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. By Mrs. BLACKBURN: S. 3955. A bill to authorize grants to States to collect and analyze data from State law enforcement agencies on the number of migrants in the United States who have been charged or convicted of a criminal offense; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS705,2026-02-26,119,2,,,EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF COMMITTEES,SENATE,SENATE,SEXECREPORT,S705,S706,"[{""name"": ""Roger F. Wicker"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S705,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S705-S706] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF COMMITTEES The following executive reports of nominations were submitted: By Mr. WICKER for the Committee on Armed Services. *Army nomination of Maj. Gen. Steven M. Marks, to be Lieutenant General. *Air Force nomination of Maj. Gen. Jefferson J. O'Donnell, to be Lieutenant General. *Marine Corps nomination of Lt. Gen. Andrew M. Niebel, to be Lieutenant General. *Air Force nomination of Brig. Gen. Michelle L. Wagner, to be Major General. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Col. Seth E. Anderson and ending with Col. Joshua M. Smith, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 4, 2026. Air Force nomination of Brig. Gen. Erica R. Austin, to be Major General. Air Force nomination of Col. James M. Valpiani, to be Brigadier General. Mr. WICKER. Mr. President, for the Committee on Armed Services I report favorably the following nomination lists which were printed in the Records on the dates indicated, and ask unanimous consent, to save the expense of reprinting on the Executive Calendar that these nominations lie at the Secretary's desk for the information of Senators. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Air Force nomination of John I. Alora, to be Lieutenant Colonel. Air Force nomination of Peter J. Dyrud, to be Colonel. Air Force nomination of Erica E. Tortella, to be Colonel. Air Force nominations beginning with Andre L. Mooney and ending with Philip P. Spitzer, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nomination of Megan E. Gagnon, to be Colonel. Air Force nominations beginning with Thomas J. Alford and ending with Matthew D. Vanmaasdam, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nomination of Jaydee A. Burns, to be Colonel. Air Force nominations beginning with Kurt L. Kaiser and ending with Shane W. Owen, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Lisa A. Ballas and ending with Bradley R. Zimmerman, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Danah L. Autry and ending with John J. Valdes III, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Michelle J. Bishop and ending with Maresa Y. Zorrilla, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Jesse D. Cash and ending with Lisa T. Seymour, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Tarin C. Griswold and ending with Tal M. Ziv, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Jennifer M. Conk and ending with Maria M. Vasile, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nomination of Danielle D. Poyant, to be Colonel. Air Force nominations beginning with Thomas M. Beachkofsky and ending with Brian S. Smith, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nomination of Aaron J. Hayes, to be Colonel. Air Force nominations beginning with Carole S. Lowe and ending with Joshua D. Wyte, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nomination of Jennifer L. Leach, to be Colonel. Air Force nominations beginning with Jill E. Burkett and ending with Gregory S. Sell, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Alexander L. Bingcang and ending with Peter T. Tran, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Dennis R. Bourdo II and ending with Carist L. Washington, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Air Force nominations beginning with Stephen B. Carlton and ending with Cleveland Hayes II, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Army nomination of Emily E. Bobenrieth, to be Major. Army nomination of Kiera K. Zimmerman, to be Major. Army nominations beginning with Jessica A. Adler and ending with 0003671139, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on January 29, 2026. Army nomination of Deriek D. France, to be Major. Army nomination of Karin L. Watson, to be Colonel. Army nomination of Victor A. Jaffett, to be Colonel. Marine Corps nominations beginning with James Burke and ending with Kenneth W. Malone, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on December 2, 2025. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Shea S. Allen and ending with Andrew J. Zetts, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on December 2, 2025. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Zane D. Bowman and ending with Michael A. Keaty, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on January 13, 2026. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Michael R. Chiudioni and ending with Christopher D. Webber, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on January 13, 2026. Marine Corps nomination of Ryan W. Knaul, to be Major. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Joshua M. Carter and ending with Robert J. Stephenson, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on January 13, 2026. Marine Corps nomination of John F. Bathon, to be Lieutenant Colonel. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Fadi S. Abdelhalim and ending with Joseph A. Ortiz, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 4, 2026. Marine Corps nominations beginning with James D. Ballard, Jr. and ending with Dustin E. Guerpo, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 4, 2026. Marine Corps nomination of Robert W. Kreuger III, to be Lieutenant Colonel. Marine Corps nominations beginning with Mario J. Arellano and ending with Aaron F. Rancloes, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 4, 2026. Marine Corps nomination of Neal D. McGaughey, to be Lieutenant Colonel. Marine Corps nomination of Termaine R. Babers, to be Lieutenant Colonel. Navy nominations beginning with Thomas W. Adair and ending with Frank R. Zimmerman IV, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Navy nominations beginning with Richard E. Arthur II and ending with Michael S. Williams, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Navy nominations beginning with Jameson R. Adler and ending with Garrett T. Pankow, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Navy nomination of M.L. Attebery, to be Lieutenant Commander. Navy nominations beginning with Richard J. Curley and ending with Brendan J. Tourek, which nominations were received by the Senate and appeared in the Congressional Record on February 11, 2026. Navy nomination of Nathan T. Couric, to be Commander. Navy nomination of Barbara J. Colberg, to be Commander. Navy nomination of Gary W. Foshee, to be Captain. By Mr. GRASSLEY for the Committee on the Judiciary. Gregory Gilmore, of Illinois, to be United States Attorney for the Central District of Illinois for the term of four years. *Nomination was reported with recommendation that it be confirmed subject to the nominee's commitment to [[Page S706]] respond to requests to appear and testify before any duly constituted committee of the Senate. (Nominations without an asterisk were reported with the recommendation that they be confirmed.) ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS704,2026-02-26,119,2,,,EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS,SENATE,SENATE,EXECUTIVECOMM,S704,S705,,,172 Cong. Rec. S704,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S704-S705] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS The following communications were laid before the Senate, together with accompanying papers, reports, and documents, and were referred as indicated: EC-2822. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; PZL-Swidnik S.A. Helicopters; Amendment 39-23238'' ((RIN2120- AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026-0012)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2823. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Standard Instrument Approach Procedures, and Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle Departure Procedures; Miscellaneous Amendments'' ((RIN2120-AA65) (Docket No. 31645)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2824. A communication from the Chief of Staff, Media Bureau, Federal Communication Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Amendment of section 73.202(b), Table of Allotments, FM Broadcast Stations'' ((DA 26-135) (MB Docket No. 25-298)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 11, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2825. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Leonardo S.p.A. Helicopters; Amendment 39-23241'' ((RIN2120- AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026-0014)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2826. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; CFM International, S.A. Engines; Amendment 39-23240'' ((RIN2120- AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2025-1115)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2827. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH Helicopters; Amendment 39-23237'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. 39-23237)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2828. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Amendment of Class D and Class E4 Airspace Over Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania'' ((RIN2120-AA66) (Docket No. FAA-2025-5147)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2829. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Amendment of Class E Airspace; New Lexington, Ohio'' ((RIN2120-AA66) (Docket No. FAA-2025-5108)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2830. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Amendment of Class D and Class E Airspace; Ashland, Bucyrus, and Mansfield, Ohio'' ((RIN2120-AA66) (Docket No. FAA-2025-5107)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2831. A communication from the Branch Chief, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fisheries; Closure of the General Category June Through August Fishery for 2023'' (RIN0648-XD222) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2832. A communication from the Branch Chief, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, Department of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Pacific Halibut Fisheries of the West Coast; Inseason Action for the 2023 Area 2A Pacific Halibut Directed Commercial Fishery'' (RIN0648-XD142) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2833. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Establishment of Class E Airspace; Washburn, North Dakota'' ((RIN2120-AA66) (Docket No. FAA-2024-2305)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2834. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Modification of Class E Airspace; Driggs/Reed Memorial Airport, Driggs, Idaho'' ((RIN2120-AA66) (Docket No. FAA-2025-4543)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2835. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Modification of Class E Airspace; Newport Municipal Airport, Oregon'' ((RIN2120-AA66) (Docket No. FAA-2025-2282)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2836. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH (AHD) Helicopters; Amendment 39-23248'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026- 0731)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2837. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Helicopters; Amendment 39-23249'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026-0732)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2838. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH (AHD) Helicopters; Amendment 39-23251'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026- 0733)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2839. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes; Amendment 39-23250'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2025-1120)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2840. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Embraer S.A. (Type Certificate Previously Held by Yabora Industria Aeronautica S.A.; Embraer S.A.) Airplanes; Amendment 39-23247'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026- 0729)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2841. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing Company Airplanes; Amendment 39-23246'' ((RIN2120- AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2025-1103)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. [[Page S705]] EC-2842. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Leonardo S.p.a Helicopters; Amendment 39-23245'' ((RIN2120- AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2026-0021)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2843. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Airworthiness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes; Amendment 39-23243'' ((RIN2120-AA64) (Docket No. FAA-2025-0611)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 9, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC-2844. A communication from the Manager of Legal Litigation and Support, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ``Falsification, Reproduction, Alteration, Omission, or Incorrect Statements; Amendment Nos. 120-4, 142-12, and 413-14'' ((RIN2120-AL84) (Docket No. FAA- 2024-0021)) received in the Office of the President of the Senate on February 5, 2026; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS703,2026-02-26,119,2,,,TRIBUTE TO JOHN McCLAUGHRY,SENATE,SENATE,TRIBUTETO,S703,S703,"[{""name"": ""Peter Welch"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S703,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S703] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO JOHN McCLAUGHRY Mr. WELCH. Mr. President, I rise today to recognize John McClaughry, who will serve as the town moderator of Kirby, VT, for the 60th time this town meeting day. John's journey toward this milestone began in 1963, when he first moved to Vermont. In 1965, John built a log cabin in Kirby, a small town with about 500 residents tucked away in Vermont's Northeast Kingdom. He quickly became an important member of the community. Though he lived just part of the year in Kirby--he spent the rest of the year in Washington--he was elected town moderator in 1966. As town moderator, John is responsible for facilitating Kirby's annual town meeting. He ensures that voters' voices are heard, and he shapes compromises that keep the town running. John moved permanently to Vermont in 1970, on the same plot of land where he built his log cabin, and has lived there since. John was elected to represent Kirby in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1969-1973, where he advocated for his constituents and every Vermonter in the Northeast Kingdom. After working on President Reagan's 1980 Presidential campaign, John joined the President's team at the White House Office of Policy Development. Despite his busy schedule in Washington, John always made it back to Kirby for town meeting day in March. In 1989, John would return to the Vermont General Assembly, this time in the State senate representing Caledonia County. John later established the Ethan Allen Institute, a think tank named for Vermont's own hero of the American Revolution. Here, John advocated for limited government and free markets. In 2023, he stepped down from the Ethan Allen Institute to allow for a new generation of leadership, but John has undoubtedly left a mark on Vermont. From the moment I met John in the 1970s, I admired him. John represents much of what makes Vermont's political culture unique: a devotion to localism; a belief in strong Vermont values; and a ``live and let live'' approach to governing. John's commitment to local governance and democracy runs through his life's work. From a life that has ranged from hitching rides on railcars, to serving in Vermont's State House and the White House, it is commendable that John has, for 60 years in a row, served as town moderator for Kirby, the beloved home of John and his wife Anne. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS703-3,2026-02-26,119,2,,,RECOGNIZING NOBLE-T ARBOR,SENATE,SENATE,SADDITIONAL,S703,S704,"[{""name"": ""James E. Risch"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S703,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S703-S704] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS ______ RECOGNIZING NOBLE-T ARBOR Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each month I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of a small business in my home State of Idaho. Today, I am proud to honor Noble-T Arbor of Lewiston as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for February 2026. Founded in 2023 by U.S. Marine Corps veteran Tyler Wolff, Noble-T Arbor tackles tree trimming needs across the Lewis-Clark Valley. Named after Tyler's three sons, the business embodies strong family values and expert craftsmanship. Rooted in military discipline, character, and service, Noble-T has become a trusted name for local, high-quality, integrity-driven arbor services. After 4 years of military service, including a deployment to Iraq and stationing in Okinawa, Tyler returned home to Lewiston to further his education. While exploring several trades, [[Page S704]] he discovered a passion for forestry and arboriculture. Tyler went on to join the U.S. Forest Service and later worked in power-line clearance tree trimming, where he rose through the ranks to become a foreman. With more than a decade of forestry experience, Tyler and his business partner made the leap to start Noble-T. As a Lewiston native, Tyler is deeply invested in giving back to the community. Through Noble-T, Tyler regularly offers discounted or no- cost services to families in need, elderly residents, churches, and individuals facing hardship. Noble-T also partners with Jackson's Pay It Forward Foundation to assist local children with health issues. Congratulations to Tyler and the entire Noble-T Arbor team on being recognized as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for February 2026. Your dedication to excellence makes Idaho proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS703-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,TRIBUTE TO COLONEL CHESLEY L. DYCUS,SENATE,SENATE,TRIBUTETO,S703,S703,"[{""name"": ""Kevin Cramer"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S703,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S703] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] TRIBUTE TO COLONEL CHESLEY L. DYCUS Mr. CRAMER. Mr. President, I rise today to honor a great American and an exceptional member of the U.S. Air Force, Col. Chesley Dycus. As the chief of the Air Force Senate Legislative Liaison Division from July 2024 to July 2025, Chesley performed his duties well and without reservation supporting the 118th and 119th U.S. Congresses. Hailing from Waverly, TN, and a graduate from the U.S. Air Force Academy, where he also played baseball, Chesley has served in the Air Force for over 25 years. He is a command pilot with over 3,800 hours of flight time in a variety of aircraft. Throughout his career, he has demonstrated exceptional and unrivaled officership in a myriad of positions from wing command to Acting Deputy National Security Advisor to the Vice President of the United States, all critical to U.S. defense and national security world-wide. Chesley distinguished himself through his professional character and dedication by serving this Nation in uniform as chief of the Air Force Legislative Liaison Division to the Senate. In this role, he advised Department of the Air Force senior leaders and helped develop strategic engagement opportunities to advance U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force priorities. His leadership facilitated seamless collaboration on behalf of the Department of the Air Force across 63 congressional offices. He supported numerous engagements and delegations for 150 Senators, Congressmen, and staffers to showcase Department equities in the United States and abroad. Most notably, Chesley's advice shaped support for the Department of the Air Force's efforts to optimize for near-peer conflict and drove hearing engagements with 27 Senate Armed Service Committee members in support of Department leaders. These briefings effectively communicated the Department's modernization and resource requirements to address pacing challenges abroad. His efforts helped ensure the Department of the Air Force's support of the National Defense Strategy in the return to Great Power Competition. With steadfast dedication, Chesley connected Members of Congress with key decision-makers, including the Secretary of the Air Force, leading to significant progress on critical Department of the Air Force initiatives. He secured critical funding for Air Force and Space Force birthday celebrations and the Secretary of the Air Force's Capitol Hill Holiday Reception, successfully executing all three events. These initiatives fostered strategic engagements between 32 Members of Congress and 24 Department of the Air Force senior leaders, strengthening congressional support for crucial national security priorities. Finally, Chesley, as a master of relationship building, cultivated a service-oriented culture within the Department of the Air Force's Senate liaison team. His leadership ensured the delivery of strategic, prompt, and precise communications to Senators. Under his direction, the team facilitated 88 Department of the Air Force engagements on Capitol Hill and 12 congressional and staff delegation trips of great national security significance, including the Reagan National Defense Forum, bolstering the Department of the Air Force's 2025 National Defense Authorization Act priorities and 2026 budget request. These engagements helped U.S. Senators and their staffs understand defense equities and their impact on national security. Due to his direct involvement and stewardship, Members of Congress were able to make informed decisions and ensured the Department of the Air Force was properly resourced and funded. After serving in this crucial role and becoming a fixture on Capitol Hill, Col. Chesley Dycus will continue to work in the Department of the Air Force Legislative Liaison as its deputy director. Chesley and his wife Jenna have instilled a legacy of service for their children Chesley and Lila. They have sacrificed much as a family in service to our Nation. I am thankful for Chesley's service and his work with my office and the Senate over the past year on issues of vital importance to the defense of the United States. I salute this American patriot whose selfless service has kept our country safe and strong. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS702,2026-02-26,119,2,,,LEGISLATIVE SESSION,SENATE,SENATE,SLEGISLATIVE,S702,S702,"[{""name"": ""James Lankford"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S702,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S702] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] LEGISLATIVE SESSION ______ MORNING BUSINESS Mr. LANKFORD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to legislative session and be in a period of morning business, with Senators permitted to speak for up to 10 minutes each. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS702-3,2026-02-26,119,2,,,"REMEMBERING WALTER JEROME ""JERRY"" FRAUTSCHI",SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S702,S703,"[{""name"": ""Tammy Baldwin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S702,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S702-S703] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] REMEMBERING WALTER JEROME ``JERRY'' FRAUTSCHI Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. President, today I rise to recognize the life and legacy of Walter Jerome ``Jerry'' Frautschi. Jerry was a lifelong Madisonian, a successful businessman, and a remarkable philanthropist. Born in Madison in 1931, Jerry served honorably in the U.S. Navy as a code breaker during the Korean conflict from 1951 to 1954. Later, he attended the University of Wisconsin--Madison, graduating in 1956. Alongside his brother John, he ran the family business Webcrafters and continued the family tradition of service and philanthropy within their community. Jerry was devoted to his family--his three sons, four grandchildren, and wife Pleasant Rowland--were the center of his world. He enjoyed tennis and golf with childhood friends and spending days sailing, fishing, swimming, and skating on Lake Mendota and at his family cottage on Pine Lake in northern Wisconsin. Jerry's commitment to the arts was unmatched, and he and Pleasant were often found at musical and theatrical performances. He made one of the largest single donations to the arts in U.S. history, giving a $205 million gift to establish and build the Overture Center for the Arts in downtown Madison. He made a $20 million gift to the Madison Youth Arts Center Starlight Theater, a $2 million gift to the Wisconsin Youth Symphony Orchestra's Center for Music, and contributed to the arts in so many other ways throughout the years. His generosity extended far beyond the arts, giving $37.1 million for the Wisconsin History Center currently being developed on Wisconsin's Capitol Square, where generations of Wisconsinites will learn about their history. Jerry gave widely to schools, hospitals, student centers, community colleges, civic organizations, and environmental groups. Jerry's own words are inscribed in the Overture Center's rotunda and they [[Page S703]] read: ``Overture Center, my gift to Madison, continues the tradition of civic pride and responsibility that my family has honored since 1867. It is given in appreciation of the good life Madison has given us.'' I join Jerry's family and friends in celebration and remembrance of his remarkable life and impact. His philanthropy had a truly transformative impact on his hometown of Madison, and throughout Wisconsin, and will continue to live on as an enduring legacy. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS702-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,REMEMBERING LaMARR FRANKLIN,SENATE,SENATE,ALLOTHER,S702,S702,"[{""name"": ""Tammy Baldwin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S702,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S702] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] REMEMBERING LaMARR FRANKLIN Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. President, I rise today to honor the distinguished career and life of LaMarr Franklin. Mr. Franklin was born in 1945 in Milwaukee and passed away on February 11, 2026, at the age of 80. Mr. Franklin was a pillar of the Milwaukee community and left an enduring legacy that will continue to shape the city and the lives of its residents for years to come. He was known for dedicating his life to uplifting the city's youth and African-American community. Born and raised in Milwaukee, Mr. Franklin attended Messmer High School before being drafted at 21 into the Army during the Vietnam war, where he earned the rank of sergeant. Following his military service, he returned home and attended Roosevelt University in Chicago, earning a bachelor of science in sociology before beginning a successful career in corporate sales. After many fruitful years, he retired as vice president of sales at Computec Integrated Solutions, Inc. Mr. Franklin talents were not only in sales but in his remarkable ability to lift up those around him. Throughout his career, he was highly regarded for his contributions and service to his community, earning commendations at the Federal, State, and local levels. In 1973, Mr. Franklin founded the Milwaukee Chapter of the Black Achievers Program at the YMCA, which expanded college and career exploration opportunities for the city's youth. He also played a pivotal role in launching the Martin Luther King Economic Development Corporation, which focused on expanding affordable housing and commercial facilities throughout the historic King Drive corridor for nearly 30 years. Additionally, he served numerous State and community boards, including more than 40 years of service on the board of the Northcott Neighborhood House, as well as the LaVarnway Boys and Girls Club Scholarship Board. As board president of the Northcott Neighborhood House, Mr. Franklin spearheaded some of Milwaukee's most significant cultural milestones, including one of the Nation's largest Juneteenth celebrations and the beloved Garfield Days. Through his leadership on the Boys and Girls Club Booster Club and Scholarship Board, he opened doors for thousands of young people, many of whom have since ascended to prominent leadership roles spanning government and industry. Beyond these many exceptional accomplishments, even in retirement, Mr. Franklin's commitment to mentorship never faded. He continued to tutor students in Milwaukee schools and, alongside lifelong friends, cofounded The Breakfast Club M.K.E. This 500-member organization provides a vital social space for African-American men and community leaders to foster youth engagement. To this day, the group continues his mission, meeting every second Friday at the Family Table Restaurant on Brown Deer Road. In honoring Mr. Franklin's truly indelible mark on the great city of Milwaukee, his name officially became part of the city with the dedication of the LaMarr Franklin Lofts in October 2025. The building now remains as a true testament to the towering legacy which he left behind. Throughout his work, he built--both literally and metaphorically--the scaffolding to support our coming generations' successes. Mr. Franklin's life was nothing short of remarkable. As a visionary leader, changemaker, and tireless advocate, the impacts of his dedication to Milwaukee's youth and African-American community will continue to be felt for generations to come. While we mourn his passing, I am honored to join our community in celebrating a life defined by service. We recognize his extraordinary contributions not only to Milwaukee and the State of Wisconsin but to the Nation as a whole. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS701,2026-02-26,119,2,,,SAVE America Act (Executive Calendar),SENATE,SENATE,SEXECCAL,S701,S701,"[{""name"": ""Ashley Moody"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Tim Kaine"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S701,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S701] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] SAVE America Act Mrs. MOODY. Mr. President, I rise today in support of what should be a given. It is already law, common sense--a bill that supports this country and our citizens. I rise today to, in fact, speak on behalf of American citizens and in support of the rule of law, and I rise to say that we have to pass without delay the SAVE America Act. This would require ID to vote. This is something where the vast majority of Americans agree-- Democrats, Independents, and Republicans. The vast majority agree this should become law. According to the Pew Research Center, that is about 83 percent of Americans that are in support of ID to vote. Breaking that down into groups, 76 percent of Black Americans support this idea, and 82 percent of Hispanic Americans support this idea. These are all groups that the Democrats claim this measure would harm. So my Democratic colleagues--coming up with excuse after excuse after excuse, which I suspect is just distraction from why they are really opposing this--my Democratic colleagues continue to block this reform, and they place partisan politics above the clear will of the American people. The United States of America, which will celebrate its 250th anniversary this year--indeed, this great American experiment--hinges on the sanctity and integrity of our elections. We must protect this institution and safeguard our democracy by ensuring that only Americans are allowed to participate in American elections. This just makes sense. If you need a valid ID to drive, to buy alcohol, to check into a hotel, why would you not need an ID to vote? In fact, even the mayor of NYC is now requiring people to provide IDs to take part in their snow-shoveling program. Yet they say it is unreasonable to expect Americans to provide one at the ballot box. Retaining election integrity should not be a partisan issue; it is foundational to our self-government. The SAVE America Act upholds the rule of law. It makes sure there are stronger protections in place across the country to ensure that only citizens can participate in our elections. When voters trust the system, participation increases. Secure elections will strengthen democracy. Ben Franklin famously replied to a bystander after the Constitutional Convention that we have a Republic if we can keep it. We must preserve our elections to preserve our Republic, and that is why it is so important that we pass the SAVE America Act. I yield the floor. Mrs. MOODY. I ask unanimous consent that the rollcall vote begin immediately. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered." CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS701-2,2026-02-26,119,2,,,Vote on McCormack Nomination (Executive Calendar),SENATE,SENATE,SEXECCAL,S701,S702,"[{""name"": ""Ashley Moody"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""John Barrasso"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Richard J. Durbin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S701,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S701-S702] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] Vote on McCormack Nomination The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is, Will the Senate advise and consent to the McCormack nomination? Mrs. MOODY. I ask for the yeas and nays. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a sufficient second? There appears to be a sufficient second. The clerk will call the roll. The senior assistant executive clerk called the roll. Mr. BARRASSO. The following Senators are necessarily absent: the Senator from Montana (Mr. Daines), the Senator from South Carolina (Mr. Graham), the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. Hagerty), the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. Justice), the Senator from [[Page S702]] Kentucky (Mr. Paul), and the Senator from Alabama (Mr. Tuberville). Further, if present and voting: the Senator from South Carolina (Mr. Graham) would have voted ``yea,'' and the Senator from Tennessee (Mr. Hagerty) would have voted ``yea.'' Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons), the Senator from New Hampshire (Ms. Hassan), the Senator from New York (Mr. Schumer), and the Senator from Rhode Island (Mr. Whitehouse) are necessarily absent. The result was announced--yeas 57, nays 33, as follows: [Rollcall Vote No. 43 Ex.] YEAS--57 Banks Barrasso Blackburn Boozman Britt Budd Cantwell Capito Cassidy Collins Cornyn Cotton Cramer Crapo Cruz Curtis Ernst Fetterman Fischer Grassley Hawley Hoeven Husted Hyde-Smith Johnson Kaine Kelly Kennedy King Klobuchar Lankford Lee Lummis Marshall McConnell McCormick Moody Moran Moreno Mullin Murkowski Ricketts Risch Rosen Rounds Schatz Schmitt Scott (FL) Scott (SC) Sheehy Sullivan Thune Tillis Warner Welch Wicker Young NAYS--33 Alsobrooks Baldwin Bennet Blumenthal Blunt Rochester Booker Cortez Masto Duckworth Durbin Gallego Gillibrand Heinrich Hickenlooper Hirono Kim Lujan Markey Merkley Murphy Murray Ossoff Padilla Peters Reed Sanders Schiff Shaheen Slotkin Smith Van Hollen Warnock Warren Wyden NOT VOTING--10 Coons Daines Graham Hagerty Hassan Justice Paul Schumer Tuberville Whitehouse The nomination was confirmed. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Moreno). Under the previous order, the motion to reconsider is considered made and laid upon the table, and the President will be immediately notified of the Senate's action. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma. ____________________" CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS699,2026-02-26,119,2,,,EXECUTIVE CALENDAR--Continued,SENATE,SENATE,SEXECCAL,S699,S701,"[{""name"": ""Tim Kaine"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S699,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Pages S699-S701] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] EXECUTIVE CALENDAR--Continued The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Virginia. Mr. KAINE. Mr. President, I rise to discuss a matter that will likely be before the body next week, a vote on my bipartisan War Powers Resolution to advance the proposition we shouldn't be at war against Iran without a vote of Congress. I want to take a few minutes today to put this in a context that we may all be discussing a little more next week. I believe very strongly that a war with Iran today is both unnecessary and dangerous. I want to spend a little bit of time talking about why we are at this moment right now where President Trump, as recently as Tuesday night at the State of the Union, is suggesting that we may possibly need to be at war with the Nation of Iran. The history of relations between the United States and Iran from the beginning of the 20th century to now is very, very tragic. The United States and Iran were generally allies from the turn of the 1900s until the early 1950s. In the middle of World War II, at the Tehran Conference, President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, and Leader Stalin basically devised what would be the boundaries of the current-day Iran. That has essentially stuck. Iran's prehistory was very complicated, and the United States earned really good--significant good will from the Iranian people, from the Iranian Government being involved in that discussion. We continued being seen as a real ally of Iran. In the early 1950s, after having had essentially a dictatorship or monarchy, Iran elected a popular Prime Minister. The British Government was worried about that government--the Iranian Government's efforts to potentially nationalize British oil assets. So the British Government tried to talk the United States into a military action to topple the Government of Iran. The United States refused and convinced Britain not to do it. But later in 1953, the United States and Britain together arranged--and these are basic facts, no supposition, no opinion here--the United States and Britain joined in an effort to foment a coup d'etat that toppled the popularly elected Government of Iran and installed Reza Pahlavi as the Shah of Iran over the objections of the Iranian people. We did that. Britain did that. The United States then funded the training of a secret police operation in Iran, the SAVAK, that between 1953 and 1979 perpetrated gross human rights abuses against the Iranian people. This is a history that is not that well known to Americans, but a history that is very well known to Iranians. That dictatorship and the human rights abuses perpetrated by the SAVAK and the Pahlavi regime eventually led to an uprising in Iran in 1979, and Ayatollah Khomeini, another opposition leader, toppled the Pahlavi regime and took control of the Iranian Government. Most Americans remember that Iranian protestors stormed the U.S. Embassy, took 52 hostages in that Embassy, and held them for 440-plus days. It was not as a result of the change in regime, but there was an additional fact. After the regime changed, the Shah of Iran sought to come to the United States for refuge and medical treatment. The State Department urged President Carter not to allow it on the grounds they were trying to at least maintain some positive future relationship with the Iranian Government, but the United States allowed the Shah of Iran to come into the United States for medical treatment and care, and that led Iranian protestors to attack the American Embassy. That was a horrible, unlawful act, and the hostages held for 440 days were treated very, very badly. But that then led to a series of back- and-forths between the United States and Iran. The United States, in the 1980s, funded Iraq in an 8-year war against Iran that cost hundreds of thousands of Iranian lives. The United States supplied military assets to Iraq, to Saddam Hussein, to carry out war against Iran. We transferred military assets, including chemical weapons, to Saddam Hussein that were used against the Iranian population. The Iranian population grew to have a deep distrust and fear and even hatred of the United States because of this toppling of the Prime Minister through U.S. funding of a war against Iran. During this Iran-Iraq war, the USS Vincennes, a Navy ship, accidentally shot down an Iranian airliner in the region, killing more than 250 Iranian civilians. It was an accident, but Iran didn't believe it was an accident because they knew that the United States was funding Iraq in the war against it, and they viewed that attack on their civilian aircraft as something they could not countenance. As this was happening, then-Iran-funded Shia militias and terrorist groups bombed the Marine barracks in Beirut in the early 1980s as the Iran-Iraq war was going on and the United States was funding the war against Iran. This back-and-forth started to escalate. Later, as you all know, the United States invaded Iran's two neighbors--to the west, Iraq; to the east, Afghanistan--and put U.S. troops all around Iran in its neighborhood. Iran interpreted those invasions as a piece of the toppling of their government and the downing of the commercial aircraft and the funding of the Iraq war. And so, by the time we get into the 2000s, the depth of enmity between the United States and Iran was so intense, the Iranian regime chants ``Death to America'' because of this history. And we were friends just 60 or 70 years ago. We took a fundamental turn in the relationship and opened the path for a potential new chapter in United States-Iranian relationships when, during the Obama administration, the United States, European allies and China and Russia joined together to negotiate with Iran to curb their nuclear program. I wrote a piece of legislation, the Iran Nuclear Review Act, that led to a [[Page S700]] vote on the floor of the Senate on a diplomatic treaty with Iran to curb their nuclear program. The diplomatic treaty, on the first page, in the first paragraph, in the first sentence, had this declaration: Iran reaffirms it will never seek to purchase, acquire, or develop a nuclear weapon. And the agreement contained other provisions limiting for many years Iranian centrifuge production, Iranian enhancement of uranium. It compelled significant inspections of the Iranian facilities by the International Atomic Energy Agency. This deal was a solid deal that, for the first time in 60 years, actually had us around the table with a party that had grown to be an enemy, together with other allies but also adversaries, like Russia and China, to control Iran's nuclear program. Many of you know that in President Trump's first term, over the objection and advice of his first Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and his first Secretary of Defense James Mattis, told President Trump: Please maintain the JCPOA. Please maintain the agreement that curtails Iran's nuclear program and use U.S. sanctions against other Iranian behavior; bad actions in the region, human rights violations, development of missile programs. The JCPOA allowed the United States and other nations to use sanctions to punish Iran for nonnuclear activity. President Trump's team told him keep the deal in place and use the sanctions against some of these other bad behaviors. Contrary to the advice of these seasoned foreign policy professionals, seasoned defense professionals, Donald Trump tore up the JCPOA, and the United States walked away from it, even though our allies said it was working, even though China and Russia said it was working, and even though the International Atomic Energy Agency said that it was working. The consequences of abandoning that deal were very obvious at the time. If the United States walked away from a deal that was working, so would Iran. And so they began again to enhance the enrichment of uranium. They began again to produce centrifuges. They ceased allowing the intrusive inspections that had been a component of the JCPOA. But that wasn't the only effect of President Trump abandoning the deal. The parties around the table--our allies who had worked with us on it--couldn't believe that the United States was walking away from diplomacy. It weakened trust with our allies, and maybe more importantly, we had China and Russia--two of our great adversaries today--at the table with us to make sure there was not a nuclear Iran. And by walking away from the deal, we further poisoned relationships with those nations that now pose such challenge to the United States. There was an additional consequence. We were in the middle of negotiating with North Korea about limits to their nuclear program. As soon as they saw the United States abandon a deal that was working, they stopped negotiating with us over limits to their nuclear program. Why would we do a deal with the United States if the United States will back out of it? And there has been no real and meaningful progress about the denuclearization of North Korea since the United States decided to pull the plug on the JCPOA. So here is where we are today. We have an armada around Iran. The President has said multiple times--and when he says it, you have to believe it because he bombed Iran in the summer--that he is potentially on the verge of going to war with Iran. What does it mean to have the armada? Let me use a Virginia example. The USS Ford carrier is now positioned near Iran to be used in the case of an attack. Carrier deployments--and the USS Ford deploys out of Virginia, thousands of sailors--carrier deployments last about 7 months. The carrier was in the Middle East. President Trump ordered the Ford to go to the Caribbean--to be a show of force around Venezuela before it steamed to the Caribbean. Now the President has ordered the Ford back to the Middle East. A normal deployment for a carrier is 7 months. This is a deployment that is now going to be 11 months long. Our sailors who thought they were going to be home seeing their families for Christmas--it is now going to take 11 months. It will be the longest deployment of any carrier since the Vietnam war, and our sailors are just ready to be home. The problems with the Ford are almost ones that I don't want to talk about on the floor. Many of the toilets on the Ford are inoperable. These are the kinds of things that happen during a deployment, and that is why you limit a deployment to certain months. You get the ship back in port, and you fix it up. The Ford is in tough shape right now and needs to come back to port so that the sailors can see their families, but also the quality of life and morale on the Ford are in dramatic decline. So we are at a precipice, with U.S. military troops arrayed around Iran. I just want to say this: War is unnecessary, and war is dangerous. Then I will conclude. War is unnecessary. The President says we may need to go against Iran to stop their nuclear program. We had stopped it through diplomacy. Do we really prefer war to diplomacy? And President Trump, in the bombing of Iran in the summer--you will remember he said we had obliterated the Iranian nuclear program. Well, if that was true 6 months ago, there is no need for us to invade Iran now to stop their nuclear ambitions. The President said we may need to go to war against Iran to protect the protesters. There are protesters against dictatorial governments all over the world. Are we going to put our sons and daughters in harm's way against those nations to protect protesters? I have to say I don't really accept that the President is that worried about Iranian protesters. Why not? The President is currently deporting people to Iran--Iranians who were in the United States who do not have appropriate immigration status, even Iranian Christians, even Iranian dissidents who would be subject to persecution if they were returned to Iran. President Trump has now sent more than 100 of them back to Iran. If he really cared about the rights of Iranians and how they would be treated by their government, he wouldn't be doing that. Finally, the President has said Iran has ballistic missiles. They do, but the U.S. overmatch to Iran's military is so dramatic that any effort by the Iranians to use missiles--and there has been no evidence that that is their intent against the United States unless we use missiles against them--we would obliterate that capacity in an instant were they to use it. War is unnecessary. War is dangerous. War is dangerous for U.S. troops. We have put troops all around Iran, all around its borders in Lebanon, in Israel, in Syria, in Iraq. We not only have troops, we have consulates, for example, in Erbil, in the Kurdish section of northern Iraq. U.S. assets are everywhere. We can do a great job of protecting an awful lot of territory, but it would not be hard for even an overmatched nation like Iran, if they are attacked, to reach out and do harm to the U.S. troops or U.S. consulates or U.S. civilians. And for what? This is dangerous to U.S. troops, and I say this as a father of a U.S. marine and representing a State that is one of the most military States in the Nation. War is dangerous to the region. When the United States has believed it could change regimes before in Iraq, in Afghanistan, in Libya, what has it gotten us? What has it gotten us? Has it created a more stable region? Hardly. Hardly. To think that we could go in at the barrel of a gun and invade a nation and guarantee that lives lost or injured in that would be worth it because we would be producing something would be making a prediction about the Middle East that has not been borne out by events in the last 25 years. War is dangerous to broader diplomacy. We had the nations of the world, both our friends in Europe and China and Russia, around the table, and we broke a diplomatic deal, and it would suggest that we are preferring war to diplomacy. Why would nations want to engage in diplomacy with us if they can't trust the United States to stick to our word? [[Page S701]] Finally, war is dangerous to the U.S. economy. An invasion of Iran would immediately lead to dramatic increases in the price of oil. American citizens, Virginians, are already laboring under costs that are too high for energy, for health, for groceries, for building supplies. The last thing we need is an unnecessary war that will drive energy prices even higher. War also risks inciting other dictators. If the United States can decide, well, we are going to invade a sovereign nation because we want to do it, what is our ability to stand and justly criticize Vladimir Putin and Russia for invading Ukraine? What argument can we have to China to suggest that they shouldn't incur upon and invade Taiwan? The United States should uphold a moral standard so that we can look others in the eye and say: You should uphold a moral standard. We would badly degrade our ability to prevent dictators from invading other sovereign nations if we are to get into a war with Iran. Look, Iran is not a good guy. Iran is a bad guy. Iran punishes protesters. Iran is engaged in all kinds of activity in the region-- funding terrorist groups in Syria, in Iraq, Hezbollah in Lebanon, Hamas in Gaza, the Houthis in Yemen. They are doing that. They are doing that at the expense of their own people. Iran engages in activities far away from the Middle East. They have had to remove their Ambassadors from nations as far-flung as Morocco and Australia because of activities that are designed in those countries to destabilize them. Iran funded a bombing of a Jewish cultural center in Argentina a couple decades ago, and they still haven't been held to account. So they are not a good guy; they are a bad guy. But are they worth wasting U.S. lives, U.S. money, U.S. credibility over? Let's use other tools, like sanctions, and not use our own kids' lives to deal with this threat. I will conclude and just say this: My time as Governor from 2006 to 2010 coincided with the mass deployment of Virginians into wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. As the Governor of Virginia, I had an authority over members of the Virginia National Guard. The Virginia National Guard deployed in the thousands to Iraq and Afghanistan, and I went to the deployments, and I went to the homecomings, and I went to the wakes, and I went to the funerals. Some of these are too emotional for me to describe on the floor, but in an odd way, one of the most emotional was the day that I went to the Virginia War Memorial to watch a homecoming. U.S. troops coming out of Afghanistan had landed in a base in New Jersey, and they had hopped on a bus to come back to Virginia to reunite with their families. They exited the bus. They got in formation, and their commander announced that this National Guard unit was now returned all present and accounted for. I knew that commander. He had been a Richmond police officer, and he was deployed with his unit. I saw in his face that for that entire 6- month deployment, he labored under the incredible strain of wanting to be able to say those words at the end of the deployment--``all present and accounted for.'' I saw him say those words, and I saw the care and the tension and the fear melt away. It made me think of the other homecomings I had been to where the commander couldn't say those words, and it made me think about them and what they had labored under. I made a vow when I came to this body that I would do everything in my power to fight tooth and nail against sending our sons and daughters into unnecessary wars. I am on the Armed Services Committee. I voted for war authorizations. If we need to go to war to defend this country, then those who have signed up to do that, knowing that that might be a possibility, they are ready to serve us to defend the Nation. But an optional war at the whim of a President--ordering troops here and there around the globe as if they are a palace guard--for no articulated rationale puts our kids at risk in a completely unacceptable way. We will have a vote next week on something that I believe is just bedrock constitutional law. We shouldn't be at war without a vote of Congress. We shouldn't be at war with Iran unless Members of this body have the guts to have a debate and vote and put their thumbprint on it and say: This is in the national interest. No shortcuts. No end runs around Congress. No end runs around debate in front of the American people and laying out the stakes for them. I can't believe that Virginia, one of the most military States in the country, is so different than other parts of this Nation. I can't believe that this Nation is itching for another war in the Middle East. Haven't we learned something from a quarter of a century of war in the Middle East? I hope we have. I hope my colleagues will join me next week in suggesting no war unless we vote to authorize it. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Florida." CREC-2026-02-26-pt1-PgS697,2026-02-26,119,2,,,CLOTURE MOTION,SENATE,SENATE,SCLOTURE,S697,S697,"[{""name"": ""John Barrasso"", ""role"": ""speaking""}, {""name"": ""Richard J. Durbin"", ""role"": ""speaking""}]",,172 Cong. Rec. S697,"Congressional Record, Volume 172 Issue 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026) [Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 38 (Thursday, February 26, 2026)] [Senate] [Page S697] From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CLOTURE MOTION The PRESIDING OFFICER. Pursuant to rule XXII, the Chair lays before the Senate the pending cloture motion, which the clerk will state. The senior assistant executive clerk clerk read as follows: Cloture Motion We, the undersigned Senators, in accordance with the provisions of rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby move to bring to a close debate on the nomination of Executive Calendar No. 651, Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy. John Thune, Katie Boyd Britt, Jim Banks, John Barrasso, John R. Curtis, Tim Scott of South Carolina, Kevin Cramer, Joni Ernst, Pete Ricketts, Bernie Moreno, Rick Scott of Florida, Markwayne Mullin, Mike Crapo, Ted Budd, Roger F. Wicker, James Lankford, Chuck Grassley. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the mandatory quorum call under rule XXII has been waived. The question is, Is it the sense of the Senate that debate on the nomination of Ryan McCormack, of Virginia, to be Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy, shall be brought to a close? The yeas and nays are mandatory under the rule. The clerk will call the roll. The bill clerk called the roll. Mr. BARRASSO. The following Senators are necessarily absent: the Senator from South Carolina (Mr. Graham), the Senator from West Virginia (Mr. Justice), and the Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Paul). Further, if present and voting: the Senator from South Carolina (Mr. Graham) would have voted ``yea.'' Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Delaware (Mr. Coons), the Senator from New Hampshire (Ms. Hassan), and the Senator from Rhode Island (Mr. Whitehouse) are necessarily absent. The yeas and nays resulted--yeas 60, nays 34, as follows: [Rollcall Vote No. 42 Leg.] YEAS--60 Banks Barrasso Blackburn Boozman Britt Budd Cantwell Capito Cassidy Collins Cornyn Cotton Cramer Crapo Cruz Curtis Daines Ernst Fetterman Fischer Grassley Hagerty Hawley Hoeven Husted Hyde-Smith Johnson Kaine Kelly Kennedy King Klobuchar Lankford Lee Lummis Marshall McConnell McCormick Moody Moran Moreno Mullin Murkowski Ricketts Risch Rosen Rounds Schatz Schmitt Scott (FL) Scott (SC) Sheehy Sullivan Thune Tillis Tuberville Warner Welch Wicker Young NAYS--34 Alsobrooks Baldwin Bennet Blumenthal Blunt Rochester Booker Cortez Masto Duckworth Durbin Gallego Gillibrand Heinrich Hickenlooper Hirono Kim Lujan Markey Merkley Murphy Murray Ossoff Padilla Peters Reed Sanders Schiff Schumer Shaheen Slotkin Smith Van Hollen Warnock Warren Wyden NOT VOTING--6 Coons Graham Hassan Justice Paul Whitehouse (Mr. HAGERTY assumed the Chair.) The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Banks). On this vote, the yeas are 60, the nays are 34. The motion is agreed to. The motion was agreed to. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Alaska. ____________________"