cfr_sections
Data license: Public Domain (U.S. Government data) · Data source: Federal Register API & Regulations.gov API
69 rows where part_number = 450 and title_number = 14 sorted by section_id
This data as json, CSV (advanced)
Suggested facets: subpart, subpart_name, amendment_citations
| section_id ▼ | title_number | title_name | chapter | subchapter | part_number | part_name | subpart | subpart_name | section_number | section_heading | agency | authority | source_citation | amendment_citations | full_text |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.1 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.1 Applicability. | FAA | This part prescribes requirements for obtaining and maintaining a license to launch, reenter, or both launch and reenter, a launch or reentry vehicle. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.2 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.3 Scope of a vehicle operator license. | FAA | (a) General. A vehicle operator license authorizes a licensee to conduct one or more launches or reentries using the same vehicle or family of vehicles. A vehicle operator license identifies the scope of authorization as defined in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section or as agreed to by the Administrator. (b) Scope of launch. A vehicle operator license authorizes launch, which includes the flight of a launch vehicle and pre- and post-flight ground operations as follows: (1) Launch begins when hazardous pre-flight operations commence at a U.S. launch site that may pose a threat to the public. Hazardous pre-flight operations that may pose a threat to the public include pressurizing or loading of propellants into the vehicle, operations involving a fueled launch vehicle, the transfer of energy necessary to initiate flight, or any hazardous activity preparing the vehicle for flight. Hazardous pre-flight operations do not include the period between the end of the previous launch and launch vehicle reuse, when the vehicle is in a safe and dormant state. (2) At a non-U.S. launch site, launch begins at ignition or at the first movement that initiates flight, whichever occurs earlier. (3) Launch ends when any of the following events occur: (i) For an orbital launch of a vehicle without a reentry of the vehicle, launch ends after the licensee's last exercise of control over its vehicle on orbit, after vehicle component impact or landing on Earth, after activities necessary to return the vehicle or component to a safe condition on the ground after impact or landing, or after activities necessary to return the site to a safe condition, whichever occurs latest; (ii) For an orbital launch of a vehicle with a reentry of the vehicle, launch ends after deployment of all payloads, upon completion of the vehicle's first steady-state orbit if there is no payload deployment, after vehicle component impact or landing on Earth, after activities necessary to return the vehicle or component to a safe condition on the ground a… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.3 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.5 Issuance of a vehicle operator license. | FAA | (a) The FAA issues a vehicle operator license to an applicant who has obtained all approvals and determinations required under this part for a license. (b) A vehicle operator license authorizes a licensee to conduct launches or reentries, in accordance with the representations contained in the licensee's application, with subparts C and D of this part, and subject to the licensee's compliance with terms and conditions contained in license orders accompanying the license, including financial responsibility requirements. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.4 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.7 Duration of a vehicle operator license. | FAA | A vehicle operator license is valid for the period of time determined by the Administrator as necessary to conduct the licensed activity but may not exceed 5 years from the issuance date. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.5 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.9 Additional license terms and conditions. | FAA | The FAA may modify a vehicle operator license at any time by modifying or adding license terms and conditions to ensure compliance with the Act and regulations. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.6 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.11 Transfer of a vehicle operator license. | FAA | (a) Only the FAA may transfer a vehicle operator license. (b) Either the holder of a vehicle operator license or the prospective transferee may request a vehicle operator license transfer. (c) Both the holder and prospective transferee must agree to the transfer. (d) An applicant for transfer of a vehicle operator license must submit a license application in accordance with part 413 of this chapter and must meet the requirements of part 450 of this chapter. (e) The FAA will transfer a license to an applicant that has obtained all of the approvals and determinations required under this part for a license. In conducting its reviews and issuing approvals and determinations, the FAA may incorporate by reference any findings made part of the record to support the initial licensing determination. The FAA may modify a license to reflect any changes necessary as a result of a license transfer. (f) The FAA will provide written notice of its determination to the person requesting the vehicle operator license transfer. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.1.30.7 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General Information | § 450.13 Rights not conferred by a vehicle operator license. | FAA | Issuance of a vehicle operator license does not relieve a licensee of its obligation to comply with all applicable requirements of law or regulation that may apply to its activities, nor does issuance confer any proprietary, property, or exclusive right in the use of any Federal launch or reentry site or related facilities, airspace, or outer space. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.1 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.31 General. | FAA | (a) To obtain a vehicle operator license, an applicant must— (1) Submit a license application in accordance with the procedures in part 413 of this chapter; (2) Obtain a policy approval from the Administrator in accordance with § 450.41; (3) Obtain a favorable payload determination from the Administrator in accordance with § 450.43, if applicable; (4) Obtain a safety approval from the Administrator in accordance with § 450.45; (5) Satisfy the environmental review requirements of § 450.47; and (6) Provide the information required by appendix A of part 440 for the Administrator to conduct a maximum probable loss analysis for the applicable licensed operation. (b) An applicant may apply for the approvals and determinations in paragraphs (a)(2) through (6) of this section separately or all together in one complete application, using the application procedures contained in part 413 of this chapter. (c) An applicant may also apply for a safety approval in an incremental manner, in accordance with § 450.33. (d) An applicant may reference materials previously provided as part of a license application in order to meet the application requirements of this part. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.2 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.33 Incremental review and determinations. | FAA | An applicant may submit its application for a safety review in modules using an incremental approach approved by the Administrator. (a) An applicant must identify to the Administrator, prior to submitting an application, whether it will submit a modular application for any approval or determination. (b) An applicant using an incremental approach must have the approach approved by the Administrator prior to submitting an application. In reviewing a proposed approach, the Administrator will consider the following: (1) Whether the modules can be reviewed independently; and (2) Whether the modules will be submitted in a workable chronological order. (c) The Administrator may make incremental determinations as part of this review process. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.3 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.35 Means of compliance. | FAA | (a) Prior to application acceptance, a means of compliance must be accepted by the Administrator for the following: (1) Section 450.115(b)(1) regarding flight safety analyses; (2) Section 450.139(e)(1) regarding toxic hazards for flight; (3) Section 450.145(b) regarding highly-reliable flight safety system; (4) Section 450.163(a)(1) regarding lightning hazard mitigation; and (5) Section 450.187(e)(1) regarding toxic hazards mitigation for ground operations. (b) A person requesting acceptance of a proposed means of compliance outside a license application must submit the proposed means of compliance to the FAA in a form and manner acceptable to the Administrator. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.4 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.37 Equivalent level of safety. | FAA | (a) An applicant must demonstrate compliance with each requirement of this part, unless the applicant clearly and convincingly demonstrates that an alternative approach provides an equivalent level of safety to the requirement of this part. (b) Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to § 450.101(a), (b), (c)(1) and (3), (d), (e)(1), and (g). | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.5 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.39 Use of safety element approval. | FAA | If an applicant proposes to use any vehicle, safety system, process, service, or personnel for which the FAA has issued a safety element approval under part 414 of this chapter, the FAA will not reevaluate that safety element during a license application evaluation to the extent its use is within its approved scope. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.6 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.41 Policy review and approval. | FAA | (a) General. The FAA issues a policy approval to an applicant unless the FAA determines that a proposed launch or reentry would jeopardize U.S. national security or foreign policy interests, or international obligations of the United States. (b) Interagency consultation. (1) The FAA consults with the Department of Defense to determine whether a license application presents any issues affecting U.S. national security. (2) The FAA consults with the Department of State to determine whether a license application presents any issues affecting U.S. foreign policy interests or international obligations. (3) The FAA consults with other Federal agencies, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, authorized to address issues identified under paragraph (a) of this section, associated with an applicant's proposal. (c) Issues during policy review. The FAA will advise an applicant, in writing, of any issue raised during a policy review that would impede issuance of a policy approval. The applicant may respond, in writing, or amend its license application as required by § 413.17 of this chapter. (d) Denial of policy approval. The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if it has denied policy approval for a license application. The notice states the reasons for the FAA's determination. The applicant may seek further review of the determination in accordance with § 413.21 of this chapter. (e) Application requirements for policy review. In its license application, an applicant must— (1) Identify the model, type, and configuration of any vehicle proposed for launch or reentry by the applicant; (2) Describe the vehicle by characteristics that include individual stages, their dimensions, type and amounts of all propellants, and maximum thrust; (3) Identify foreign ownership of the applicant as follows: (i) For a sole proprietorship or partnership, identify all foreign ownership; (ii) For a corporation, identify any foreign ownership interests of 10 percent or more; and (iii) For a joint ventur… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.7 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.43 Payload review and determination. | FAA | (a) General. If applicable, the FAA issues a favorable payload determination for a launch or reentry to a license applicant or payload owner or operator if— (1) The applicant, payload owner, or payload operator has obtained all required licenses, authorizations, and permits; and (2) Its launch or reentry would not jeopardize public health and safety, safety of property, U.S. national security or foreign policy interests, or international obligations of the United States. (b) Relationship to other executive agencies. The FAA does not make a determination under paragraph (a)(2) of this section for— (1) Those aspects of payloads that are subject to regulation by the Federal Communications Commission or the Department of Commerce; or (2) Payloads owned or operated by the U.S. Government. (c) Classes of payloads. The FAA may review and issue findings regarding a proposed class of payload, including communications, remote sensing, or navigation. However, prior to a launch or reentry, each payload is subject to verification by the FAA that its launch or reentry would not jeopardize public health and safety, safety of property, U.S. national security or foreign policy interests, or international obligations of the United States. (d) Payload owner or payload operator may apply. In addition to a launch or reentry operator, a payload owner or payload operator may request a payload review and determination. (e) Interagency consultation. The FAA consults with other agencies as follows: (1) The Department of Defense to determine whether launch or reentry of a proposed payload or payload class would present any issues affecting U.S. national security; (2) The Department of State to determine whether launch or reentry of a proposed payload or payload class would present any issues affecting U.S. foreign policy interests or international obligations; or (3) Other Federal agencies, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, authorized to address issues of public health and safety, safety of p… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.8 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.45 Safety review and approval. | FAA | [Docket No. FAA-2019-0229, Amdt. 450-2, 85 FR 79719, Dec. 10, 2020; 85 FR 79739, Dec. 10, 2020, as amended by Doc. No. FAA-2023-1656, Amdt. No. 450-3, 89 FR 76729, Sept. 19, 2024] | (a) General. The FAA issues a safety approval to an applicant if it determines that an applicant can conduct launch or reentry without jeopardizing public health and safety and safety of property. A license applicant must satisfy the application requirements in this section and subpart C of this part. (b) Services or property provided by a Federal launch or reentry site. The FAA will accept any safety-related launch or reentry service or property provided by a Federal launch or reentry site or other Federal entity by contract, as long as the FAA determines that the launch or reentry services or property provided satisfy this part. (c) Issues during safety review. The FAA will advise an applicant, in writing, of any issues raised during a safety review that would impede issuance of a safety approval. The applicant may respond, in writing, or amend its license application as required by § 413.17 of this chapter. (d) Denial of a safety approval. The FAA notifies an applicant, in writing, if it has denied a safety approval for a license application. The notice states the reasons for the FAA's determination. The applicant may seek further review of the determination in accordance with § 413.21 of this chapter. (e) Application requirements. An applicant must submit the information required in the “Application requirements” paragraphs in individual sections in subpart C of this part, as well as the following: (1) General. An application must— (i) Contain a glossary of unique terms and acronyms used in alphabetical order; (ii) Contain a listing of all referenced material; (iii) Use equations and mathematical relationships derived from or referenced to a recognized standard or text, and define all algebraic parameters; (iv) Include the units of all numerical values provided; and (v) Include a legend or key that identifies all symbols used for any schematic diagrams. (2) Site description. An applicant must identify the proposed launch or reentry site, including contingency abort locations, and subm… | |||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.2.30.9 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Requirements to Obtain a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.47 Environmental review. | FAA | (a) General. The FAA is responsible for complying with the procedures and policies of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and other applicable environmental laws, regulations, and Executive Orders prior to issuing a launch or reentry license. An applicant must provide the FAA with information needed to comply with such requirements. The FAA will consider and document the potential environmental effects associated with issuing a launch or reentry license consistent with paragraph (b) of this section. (b) Environmental Impact Statement or Environmental Assessment. When directed by the FAA, an applicant must— (1) Prepare an Environmental Assessment with FAA oversight; (2) Assume financial responsibility for preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement by an FAA-selected and -managed consultant contractor; or (3) Submit information to support a written re-evaluation of a previously submitted Environmental Assessment or Environmental Impact Statement. (c) Categorical exclusion. The FAA may determine that a categorical exclusion is appropriate upon receipt of supporting information from an applicant. (d) Application requirements. An application must include an approved FAA Environmental Assessment, Environmental Impact Statement, categorical exclusion determination, or written re-evaluation, which should address compliance with any other applicable environmental laws, regulations, and Executive Orders covering all planned licensed activities in compliance with NEPA and the Council on Environmental Quality Regulations for Implementing the Procedural Provisions of NEPA. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.1 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.101 Safety criteria. | FAA | (a) Launch risk criteria. For any launch, an operator may initiate the flight of a launch vehicle only if all risks to the public satisfy the criteria in this paragraph (a). For an orbital launch, the criteria in this paragraph apply from liftoff through orbital insertion. For a suborbital launch, or a suborbital launch and reentry, the criteria in this paragraph apply from liftoff through final impact or landing. (1) Collective risk. The collective risk, measured as expected number of casualties (E C ), consists of risk posed by impacting inert and explosive debris, toxic release, and far field blast overpressure. Public risk due to any other hazard associated with the proposed flight of a launch vehicle will be determined by the Administrator on a case-by-case basis. (i) The risk to all members of the public, excluding persons in aircraft and neighboring operations personnel, must not exceed an expected number of 1 × 10 − 4 casualties. (ii) The risk to all neighboring operations personnel must not exceed an expected number of 2 × 10 − 4 casualties. (2) Individual risk. The individual risk, measured as probability of casualty (P C ), consists of risk posed by impacting inert and explosive debris, toxic release, and far field blast overpressure. The FAA will determine whether to approve public risk due to any other hazard associated with the proposed flight of a launch vehicle on a case-by-case basis. (i) The risk to any individual member of the public, excluding neighboring operations personnel, must not exceed a probability of casualty of 1 × 10 − 6 per launch. (ii) The risk to any individual neighboring operations personnel must not exceed a probability of casualty of 1 × 10 − 5 per launch. (3) Aircraft risk. A launch operator must establish any aircraft hazard areas necessary to ensure the probability of impact with debris capable of causing a casualty for aircraft does not exceed 1 × 10 − 6 . (4) Risk to critical assets. (i) The risk to critical assets, measured as the probabi… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.10 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.117 Trajectory analysis for normal flight. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must include a trajectory analysis that establishes, for any phase of flight within the scope as provided by § 450.113(a), the limits of a launch or reentry vehicle's normal flight as defined by the nominal trajectory, and the following sets of trajectories sufficient to characterize variability and uncertainty during normal flight: (1) A set of trajectories to characterize variability. This set must describe how the intended trajectory could vary due to conditions known prior to initiation of flight; and (2) A set of trajectories to characterize uncertainty. This set must describe how the actual trajectory could differ from the intended trajectory due to random uncertainties in all parameters with a significant influence on the vehicle's behavior throughout normal flight. (b) Trajectory model. A final trajectory analysis must use a six-degree of freedom trajectory model to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Atmospheric effects. A trajectory analysis must account for atmospheric conditions that have an effect on the trajectory, including atmospheric profiles that are no less severe than the worst conditions under which flight might be attempted, and for uncertainty in the atmospheric conditions. (d) Application requirements. An applicant must submit the following: (1) A description of the methods used to characterize the vehicle's flight behavior throughout normal flight, in accordance with § 450.115(c). (2) The quantitative input data, including uncertainties, used to model the vehicle's normal flight in six degrees of freedom. (3) The worst atmospheric conditions under which flight might be attempted, and a description of how the operator will evaluate the atmospheric conditions and uncertainty in the atmospheric conditions prior to initiating the operation; (4) Representative normal flight trajectory analysis outputs, including the position velocity, and orientation for each second of flight for— (i) The nominal trajectory; (i… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.11 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.119 Trajectory analysis for malfunction flight. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must include a trajectory analysis that establishes— (1) The vehicle's deviation capability in the event of a malfunction during flight, (2) The trajectory dispersion resulting from reasonably foreseeable malfunctions, and (3) For vehicles using flight abort as a hazard control strategy under § 450.108, trajectory data or parameters that describe the limits of a useful mission. The FAA does not consider the collection of data related to a failure to be a useful mission. (b) Analysis constraints. A malfunction trajectory analysis must account for each cause of a malfunction flight, including software and hardware failures, for every period of normal flight. The analysis for each type of malfunction must have sufficient temporal and spatial resolution to establish flight safety limits, if any, and individual risk contours that are smooth and continuous. The analysis must account for— (1) The relative probability of occurrence of each malfunction; (2) The probability distribution of position and velocity of the vehicle when each malfunction trajectory will terminate due to vehicle breakup, ground impact, or orbital insertion along with the cause of termination and the state of the vehicle; (3) The parameters with a significant influence on a vehicle's flight behavior from the time a malfunction begins to cause a flight deviation until the time each malfunction trajectory will terminate due to vehicle breakup, ground impact, or orbital insertion; and (4) The potential for failure of the flight safety system, if any. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit— (1) A description of the methodology used to characterize the vehicle's flight behavior throughout malfunction flight, in accordance with § 450.115(c). (2) A description of the methodology used to determine the limits of a useful mission, in accordance with § 450.115(c). (3) A description of the input data used to characterize the vehicle's malfunction flight behavior, including: (i) A list of … | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.12 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.121 Debris analysis. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must include an analysis characterizing the hazardous debris generated from normal and malfunctioning vehicle flight as a function of vehicle flight sequence. (b) Vehicle impact and breakup analysis. A debris analysis must account for: (1) Each reasonably foreseeable cause of vehicle breakup and intact impact, (2) Vehicle structural characteristics and materials, and (3) Energetic effects during break-up or at impact. (c) Propagation of debris. A debris analysis must compute statistically valid debris impact probability distributions. The propagation of debris from each predicted breakup location to impact must account for— (1) All foreseeable forces that can influence any debris impact location; and (2) All foreseeable sources of impact dispersion, including, at a minimum: (i) The uncertainties in atmospheric conditions; (ii) Debris aerodynamic parameters, including uncertainties; (iii) Pre-breakup position and velocity, including uncertainties; and (iv) Breakup-imparted velocities, including uncertainties. (d) Application requirements. An applicant must submit: (1) A description of all scenarios that can lead to hazardous debris; (2) A description of the methods used to perform the vehicle impact and breakup analysis, in accordance with § 450.115(c); (3) A description of the methods used to compute debris impact distributions, in accordance with § 450.115(c); (4) A description of the atmospheric data used as input to the debris analysis; and (5) A quantitative description of the physical, aerodynamic, and harmful characteristics of hazardous debris. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.13 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.123 Population exposure analysis. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must account for the distribution of people for the entire region where there is a significant probability of impact of hazardous debris. (b) Constraints. The exposure analysis must— (1) Characterize the distribution of people both geographically and temporally; (2) Account for the distribution of people among structures and vehicle types; (3) Use reliable, accurate, and timely source data; and (4) Account for vulnerability of people to hazardous debris effects. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit: (1) A description of the methods used to develop the exposure input data in accordance with § 450.115(c), and (2) Complete population exposure data, in tabular form. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.14 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.131 Probability of failure analysis. | FAA | (a) General. For each hazard and phase of flight, a flight safety analysis for a launch or reentry must account for vehicle failure probability. The probability of failure must be consistent for all hazards and phases of flight. (1) For a vehicle or vehicle stage with fewer than two flights, the failure probability estimate must account for the outcome of all previous flights of vehicles developed and launched or reentered in similar circumstances. (2) For a vehicle or vehicle stage with two or more flights, vehicle failure probability estimates must account for the outcomes of all previous flights of the vehicle or vehicle stage in a statistically valid manner. The outcomes of all previous flights of the vehicle or vehicle stage must account for data on any mishap and anomaly. (b) Failure. For flight safety analysis purposes, a failure occurs when a vehicle does not complete any phase of normal flight or when any anomalous condition exhibits the potential for a stage or its debris to impact the Earth or reenter the atmosphere outside the normal trajectory envelope during the mission or any future mission of similar vehicle capability. (c) Previous flight. For flight safety analysis purposes— (1) The flight of a launch vehicle begins at a time in which a launch vehicle lifts off from the surface of the Earth; and (2) The flight of a reentry vehicle or deorbiting upper stage begins at a time in which a vehicle attempts to initiate a reentry. (d) Allocation. The vehicle failure probability estimate must be distributed across flight phases and failure modes. The distribution must be consistent with— (1) The data available from all previous flights of vehicles developed and launched or reentered in similar circumstances; and (2) Data from previous flights of vehicles, stages, or components developed and launched, reentered, flown, or tested by the subject vehicle developer or operator. Such data may include previous experience involving similar— (i) Vehicle, stage, or component design characteristic… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.15 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.133 Flight hazard area analysis. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must include a flight hazard area analysis that identifies any region of land, sea, or air that must be surveyed, publicized, controlled, or evacuated in order to control the risk to the public. The analysis must account for, at a minimum— (1) The regions of land, sea, and air potentially exposed to hazardous debris generated during normal flight events and all reasonably foreseeable failure modes; (2) Any hazard controls implemented to control risk from any hazard; (3) The limits of a launch or reentry vehicle's normal flight, including— (i) Atmospheric conditions that are no less severe than the worst atmospheric conditions under which flight might be attempted; and (ii) Uncertainty in the atmospheric conditions; (4) All hazardous debris; (5) Sources of debris dispersion in accordance with § 450.121(c); and (6) A probability of one for any planned debris hazards or planned impacts. (b) Waterborne vessel hazard areas. The flight hazard area analysis for waterborne vessels must determine the areas and durations for regions of water— (1) That are necessary to contain, with 97 percent probability of containment, all debris resulting from normal flight events capable of causing a casualty to persons on waterborne vessels; (2) That are necessary to contain either where the probability of debris capable of causing a casualty impacting on or near a vessel would exceed 1 × 10 − 5 , accounting for all relevant hazards, or where the individual probability of casualty for any person on board a vessel would exceed the individual risk criteria in § 450.101(a)(2) or (b)(2); and (3) Where reduced vessel traffic is necessary to meet the collective risk criteria in § 450.101(a)(1) or (b)(1). (c) Land hazard areas. The flight hazard area analysis for land must determine the durations and areas regions of land— (1) That are necessary to contain, with 97 percent probability of containment, all debris resulting from normal flight events capable of causing a casualty to any … | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.16 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.135 Debris risk analysis. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must include a debris risk analysis that demonstrates compliance with safety criteria in § 450.101, either— (1) Prior to the day of the operation, accounting for all foreseeable conditions within the flight commit criteria; or (2) During the countdown using the best available input data, including flight commit criteria and flight abort rules. (b) Casualty area and consequence analysis. A debris risk analysis must model the casualty area, and compute the predicted consequences of each reasonably foreseeable failure mode in any significant period of flight in terms of conditional expected casualties. The casualty area and consequence analysis must account for— (1) All relevant debris fragment characteristics and the characteristics of a representative person exposed to any potential debris hazard; (2) Statistically-valid debris impact probability distributions; (3) Any impact or effects of hazardous debris; and (4) The vulnerability of people to debris impact or effects, including: (i) Effects of buildings, ground vehicles, waterborne vessel, and aircraft upon the vulnerability of any occupants; (ii) Effect of atmospheric conditions on debris impact and effects; (iii) Impact speed and angle, accounting for motion of impacted vehicles; (iv) Uncertainty in input data, such as fragment impact parameters; and (v) Uncertainty in modeling methodology. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit: (1) A description of the methods used to demonstrate compliance with the safety criteria in § 450.101, in accordance with § 450.115(c), including a description of how the operator will account for the conditions immediately prior to enabling the flight of a launch vehicle or the reentry of a reentry vehicle, such as the final trajectory, atmospheric conditions, and the exposure of people; (2) A description of the atmospheric data used as input to the debris risk analysis; (3) The effective unsheltered casualty area for all fragment classes, assuming a represe… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.17 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.137 Far-field overpressure blast effects analysis. | FAA | (a) General. A flight safety analysis must include a far-field overpressure blast effect analysis that demonstrates compliance with safety criteria in § 450.101, either— (1) Prior to the day of the operation, accounting for all foreseeable conditions within the flight commit criteria; or (2) During the countdown using the best available input data, including flight commit criteria and flight abort rules. (b) Analysis constraints. The analysis must account for— (1) The explosive capability of the vehicle and hazardous debris at impact and at altitude; (2) The potential influence of meteorological conditions and terrain characteristics; and (3) The potential for broken windows due to peak incident overpressures below 1.0 psi and related casualties based on the characteristics of exposed windows and the population's susceptibility to injury, with considerations including, at a minimum, shelter types, window types, and the time of day of the proposed operation. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit a description of the far-field overpressure analysis, including all assumptions and justifications for the assumptions, analysis methods, input data, and results. At a minimum, the application must include: (1) A description of the population centers, terrain, building types, and window characteristics used as input to the far-field overpressure analysis; (2) A description of the methods used to compute the foreseeable explosive yield probability pairs, and the complete set of yield-probability pairs, used as input to the far-field overpressure analysis; (3) A description of the methods used to compute peak incident overpressures as a function of distance from the explosion and prevailing meteorological conditions, including sample calculations for a representative range of the foreseeable meteorological conditions, yields, and population center locations; (4) A description of the methods used to compute the probability of window breakage, including tabular data and graphs for the probabil… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.18 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.139 Toxic hazards for flight. | FAA | (a) Applicability. (1) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(2), this section applies to any launch or reentry vehicle, including all vehicle components and payloads, that use toxic propellants or other toxic chemicals. (2) No toxic release hazard analysis is required for kerosene-based fuels, unless the Administrator determines that an analysis is required to protect public safety. (b) General. An operator must— (1) Conduct a toxic release hazard analysis in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section; (2) Manage the risk of casualties that could arise from the exposure to toxic release through one of the following means: (i) Contain hazards caused by toxic release in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section; or (ii) Perform a toxic risk assessment, in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section, that protects the public in compliance with the safety criteria of § 450.101, including toxic release hazards. (3) Establish flight commit criteria based on the results of its toxic release hazard analysis and toxic containment or toxic risk assessment for any necessary evacuation of the public from any toxic hazard area. (c) Toxic release hazard analysis. A toxic release hazard analysis must— (1) Account for any toxic release that could occur during nominal or non-nominal flight; (2) Include a worst-case release scenario analysis or a maximum-credible release scenario analysis for each process that involves a toxic propellant or other chemical; (3) Determine if toxic release can occur based on an evaluation of the chemical compositions and quantities of propellants, other chemicals, vehicle materials, and projected combustion products, and the possible toxic release scenarios; (4) Account for both normal combustion products and any unreacted propellants and phase change or chemical derivatives of released substances; and (5) Account for any operational constraints and emergency procedures that provide protection from toxic release. (d) Toxic containment. An operator using toxic containment… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.19 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.141 Computing systems. | FAA | (a) Identification of computing system safety items. An operator must identify: (1) Any software or data that implements a capability that, by intended operation, unintended operation, or non-operation, can present a hazard to the public; and (2) The level of criticality of each computing system safety item identified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, commensurate with its degree of control over hazards to the public and the severity of those hazards. (b) Safety requirements. An operator must develop safety requirements for each computing system safety item. In doing so, the operator must: (1) Identify and evaluate safety requirements for each computing system safety item; (2) Ensure the safety requirements are complete and correct; (3) Implement each safety requirement; and (4) Verify and validate the implementation of each safety requirement by using a method appropriate for the level of criticality of the computing system safety item. For each computing system safety item that is safety critical under § 401.7, verification and validation must include testing by a test team independent of the development division or organization. (c) Development process. An operator must implement and document a development process for computing system safety items appropriate for the level of criticality of the computing system safety item. A development process must define: (1) Responsibilities for each task associated with a computing system safety item; (2) Processes for internal review and approval—including review that evaluates the implementation of all safety requirements—such that no person approves that person's own work; (3) Processes to ensure development personnel are trained, qualified, and capable of performing their role; (4) Processes that trace requirements to verification and validation evidence; (5) Processes for configuration management that specify the content of each released version of a computing system safety item; (6) Processes for testing that verify and validate all safety req… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.2 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.103 System safety program. | FAA | An operator must implement and document a system safety program throughout the lifecycle of a launch or reentry system that includes the following: (a) Safety organization. An operator must maintain a safety organization that has clearly defined lines of communication and approval authority for all public safety decisions. At a minimum, the safety organization must have the following positions: (1) Mission director. For each launch or reentry, an operator must designate a position responsible for the safe conduct of all licensed activities and authorized to provide final approval to proceed with licensed activities. This position is referred to as the mission director in this part. (2) Safety official. For each launch or reentry, an operator must designate a position with direct access to the mission director who is— (i) Responsible for communicating potential safety and noncompliance issues to the mission director; and (ii) Authorized to examine all aspects of the operator's ground and flight safety operations, and to independently monitor compliance with the operator's safety policies, safety procedures, and licensing requirements. (3) Addressing safety official concerns. The mission director must ensure that all of the safety official's concerns are addressed. (b) Hazard management. For hazard management: (1) An operator must implement methods to assess the system to ensure the validity of the hazard control strategy determination and any flight hazard or flight safety analysis throughout the lifecycle of the launch or reentry system; (2) An operator must implement methods for communicating and implementing any updates throughout the organization; and (3) Additionally, an operator required to conduct a flight hazard analysis must implement a process for tracking hazards, risks, mitigation measures, and verification activities. (c) Configuration management and control. An operator must— (1) Employ a process that tracks configurations of all safety-critical systems and documentation relat… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.20 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.143 Safety-critical system design, test, and documentation. | FAA | (a) Applicability. This section applies to all safety-critical systems, except for— (1) Highly reliable flight safety systems covered under § 450.145; or (2) Safety-critical systems for which an operator demonstrates through its flight hazard analysis that the likelihood of any hazardous condition specifically associated with the system that may cause death or serious injury to the public is extremely remote, pursuant to § 450.109(b)(3). (b) Design. An operator must design safety-critical systems such that no credible fault can lead to increased risk to the public beyond nominal safety-critical system operation. (c) Qualification testing of design. An operator must functionally demonstrate the design of the vehicle's safety-critical systems at conditions beyond its predicted operating environments. The operator must select environmental test levels that ensure the design is sufficiently stressed to demonstrate that system performance is not degraded due to design tolerances, manufacturing variances, or uncertainties in the environment. (d) Acceptance of hardware. An operator must— (1) Functionally demonstrate any safety-critical system, while exposed to its predicted operating environments with margin, is free of defects, free of integration and workmanship errors, and ready for operational use; or (2) Combine in-process controls and a quality assurance process to ensure functional capability of any safety-critical system during its service life. (e) Lifecycle of safety-critical systems. (1) The predicted operating environments must be based on conditions predicted to be encountered in all phases of flight, recovery, and transportation. (2) An operator must monitor the flight environments experienced by safety-critical system components to the extent necessary to— (i) Validate the predicted operating environments; and (ii) Assess the actual component life remaining or adjust any inspection period. (f) Application requirements. An applicant must submit to the FAA the following as part of it… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.21 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.145 Highly reliable flight safety system. | FAA | (a) General. For each phase of flight for which an operator must implement flight abort to meet the requirement of § 450.108(b)(1), the operator must use a highly reliable flight safety system on the launch or reentry vehicle, vehicle component, or payload with a design reliability in accordance with this section. (b) Reliability. A highly reliable flight safety system must, using a means of compliance accepted by the Administrator— (1) Have a design reliability of 0.999 at 95 percent confidence and commensurate design, analysis, and testing for the portion of the flight safety system onboard the vehicle; and (2) Have a design reliability of 0.999 at 95 percent confidence and commensurate design, analysis, and testing for the portion of the flight safety system not onboard the vehicle, if used. (c) Monitoring. An operator must monitor the flight environments experienced by any flight safety system component to the extent necessary to— (1) Validate the predicted operating environment; and (2) Assess the actual component life remaining or adjust any inspection period. (d) Application requirements. An applicant must submit the information identified below, for any highly reliable flight safety system: (1) Flight safety system description. An applicant must describe the flight safety system and its operation in detail, including all components, component functions, and possible operational scenarios. (2) Flight safety system diagram. An applicant must submit a diagram that identifies all flight safety system subsystems and shows the interconnection of all the elements of the flight safety system. The diagram must include any subsystems used to implement flight abort both on and off the vehicle, including any subsystems used to make the decision to abort flight. (3) Flight safety system analyses. An applicant must submit any analyses and detailed analysis reports of all flight safety system subsystems necessary to calculate the reliability and confidence levels required by paragraph (a) of this… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.22 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.147 Agreements. | FAA | (a) General. An operator must establish a written agreement with any entity that provides a service or property that meets a requirement in this part, including: (1) Launch and reentry site use agreements. A Federal launch or reentry site operator, a licensed launch or reentry site operator, or any other person that provides services or access to or use of property required to support the safe launch or reentry under this part; (2) Agreements for notices to mariners. Unless otherwise addressed in agreements with the site operator, for overflight of navigable water, the U.S. Coast Guard or other applicable maritime authority to establish procedures for the issuance of a Notice to Mariners prior to a launch or reentry and other measures necessary to protect public health and safety; (3) Agreements for notices to airmen. Unless otherwise addressed in agreements with the site operator, the FAA Air Traffic Organization or other applicable air navigation authority to establish procedures for the issuance of a Notice to Airmen prior to a launch or reentry, for closing of air routes during the respective launch and reentry windows, and for other measures necessary to protect public health and safety; and (4) Mishap response. Emergency response providers, including local government authorities, to satisfy the requirements of § 450.173. (b) Roles and responsibilities. The agreements required in this section must clearly delineate the roles and responsibilities of each party to support the safe launch or reentry under this part. (c) Effective date. The agreements required in this section must be in effect before a license can be issued, unless otherwise agreed to by the Administrator. (d) Application requirements. An applicant must— (1) Describe each agreement in this section; and (2) Provide a copy of any agreement, or portion thereof, to the FAA upon request. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.23 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.149 Safety-critical personnel qualifications. | FAA | (a) General. An operator must ensure safety-critical personnel are trained, qualified, and capable of performing their safety-critical tasks, and that their training is current. (b) Application requirements. An applicant must— (1) Identify safety-critical tasks that require qualified personnel; (2) Provide internal training and currency requirements, completion standards, or any other means of demonstrating compliance with the requirements of this section; and (3) Describe the process for tracking training currency. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.24 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.151 Work shift and rest requirements. | FAA | (a) General. For any launch or reentry, an operator must document and implement rest requirements that ensure safety-critical personnel are physically and mentally capable of performing all assigned tasks. (b) Work shifts and deviation approval process. An operator's rest requirements must address the following: (1) Duration of each work shift and the process for extending this shift, including the maximum allowable length of any extension; (2) Number of consecutive work shift days allowed before rest is required; (3) Minimum rest period required— (i) Between each work shift, including the period of rest required immediately before the flight countdown work shift; and (ii) After the maximum number of work shift days allowed; and (4) Approval process for any deviation from the rest requirements. (c) Application requirement. An applicant must submit rest rules that demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.25 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.153 Radio frequency management. | FAA | (a) General. For any radio frequency used, an operator must— (1) Ensure radio frequency interference does not adversely affect performance of any flight safety system or safety-critical system; and (2) Coordinate use of radio frequencies with any site operator and any local and Federal authorities. (b) Application requirements. An applicant must submit procedures or other means to demonstrate compliance with the radio frequency requirements of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.26 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.155 Readiness. | FAA | (a) General. An operator must document and implement procedures to assess readiness to proceed with the flight of a launch or reentry vehicle. These procedures must address, at a minimum, the following: (1) Readiness of vehicle and launch, reentry, or landing site, including any contingency abort location; (2) Readiness of safety-critical personnel, systems, software, procedures, equipment, property, and services; and (3) Readiness to implement the mishap plan required by § 450.173. (b) Application requirements. An applicant must— (1) Demonstrate compliance with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section through procedures that may include a readiness meeting close in time to flight; and (2) Describe the criteria for establishing readiness to proceed with the flight of a launch or reentry vehicle so that public safety is maintained. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.27 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.157 Communications. | FAA | (a) An operator must implement communication procedures during the countdown and flight of a launch or reentry vehicle that— (1) Define the authority of personnel, by individual or position title, to issue “hold/resume,” “go/no go,” and abort commands; (2) Assign communication networks so that personnel identified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section have direct access to real-time, safety-critical information required to issue “hold/resume,” “go/no go,” and any abort commands; and (3) Implement a protocol for using defined radio telephone communications terminology. (b) An operator must ensure the currency of the communication procedures, and that all personnel are working with the approved version of the communication procedures. (c) An operator must record all safety-critical communications network channels that are used for voice, video, or data transmissions that support safety-critical systems during each countdown. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.28 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.159 Pre-flight procedures. | FAA | (a) An operator must implement pre-flight procedures that— (1) Verify that each flight commit criterion is satisfied before flight is initiated; and (2) Ensure the operator can return the vehicle to a safe state after a countdown abort or delay. (b) An operator must ensure the currency of the pre-flight procedures, and that all personnel are working with the approved version of the pre-flight procedures. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.29 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.161 Control of hazard areas. | FAA | (a) General. The operator must publicize, survey, control, or evacuate each flight hazard area identified in accordance with § 450.133 prior to initiating flight of a launch vehicle or the reentry of a reentry vehicle to the extent necessary to ensure compliance with § 450.101. (b) Verification. The launch or reentry operator must perform surveillance sufficient to verify or update the assumptions, input data, and results of the flight safety analyses. (c) Publication. An operator must publicize warnings for each flight hazard area, except for regions of land, sea, or air under the control of the vehicle operator, site operator, or other controlling authority with which the operator has an agreement. If the operator relies on another entity to publicize these warnings, it must: (1) Determine whether the warnings have been issued; and (2) Notify the FAA if the warnings have not been issued so that the FAA can determine if the launch or reentry can be conducted in a manner that sufficiently protects the public. This notification must provide sufficient information to enable FAA to issue warnings to U.S. aircraft. (d) Application requirements. An applicant must submit— (1) A description of how the applicant will provide for day-of-flight surveillance and control of flight hazard areas, if necessary, to ensure that the presence of any member of the public in or near a flight hazard area is consistent with flight commit criteria developed for each launch or reentry as required by § 450.165(b); (2) A description of how the applicant will provide for any publication of flight hazard areas necessary to meet the requirements of this section; and (3) A description of how the applicant will establish flight commit criteria based on the results of its toxic release hazard analysis, toxic containment, or toxic risk assessment for any necessary evacuation of the public from any toxic hazard area. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.3 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.107 Hazard control strategies. | FAA | (a) General. To meet the safety criteria of § 450.101(a), (b), or (c) for the flight, or any phase of flight, of a launch or reentry vehicle, an operator must use one or more of the hazard control strategies identified in § 450.108 through § 450.111. (b) Hazard control strategy determination. For each phase of flight during a launch or reentry, an operator must use a functional hazard analysis to determine a hazard control strategy or strategies that account for— (1) All functional failures associated with reasonably foreseeable hazardous events that have the capability to create a hazard to the public; (2) Safety-critical systems; and (3) A timeline of all safety-critical events. (c) Flight hazard analysis. An operator must conduct a flight hazard analysis in accordance with § 450.109 of this part for the flight, or phase of flight, of a launch or reentry vehicle if the public safety hazards cannot be mitigated adequately to meet the public risk criteria of § 450.101(a), (b), and (c) using physical containment, wind weighting, or flight abort. (d) Application requirements. An applicant must submit in its application— (1) The results of the hazard control strategy determination, including— (i) All functional failures identified under paragraph (b)(1) of this section; (ii) The identification of all safety-critical systems; and (iii) A timeline of all safety-critical events. (2) A description of its hazard control strategy or strategies for each phase of flight. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.30 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.163 Lightning hazard mitigation. | FAA | (a) Lightning hazard mitigation. An operator must— (1) Establish flight commit criteria that mitigate the potential for a launch or reentry vehicle intercepting or initiating a direct lightning strike, or encountering a nearby discharge, using a means of compliance accepted by the Administrator; or (2) Use a vehicle designed to protect safety-critical systems in the event of a direct lightning strike or nearby discharge. (b) Application requirements. (1) An applicant electing to comply with paragraph (a)(1) of this section must submit flight commit criteria that mitigate the potential for a launch or reentry vehicle intercepting or initiating a direct lightning strike, or encountering a nearby lightning discharge. (2) An applicant electing to comply with paragraph (a)(2) of this section must submit documentation providing evidence that the vehicle is designed to protect safety-critical systems against the effects of a direct lightning strike or nearby discharge. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.31 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.165 Flight commit criteria. | FAA | (a) General. For each launch or reentry, an operator must establish and observe flight commit criteria that identify each condition necessary prior to flight to satisfy the requirements of § 450.101, and must include: (1) Surveillance of any region of land, sea, or air in accordance with § 450.161; (2) Monitoring of any meteorological condition necessary to— (i) Be consistent with any safety analysis required by this part; and (ii) If necessary in accordance with § 450.163, mitigate the potential for a launch or reentry vehicle intercepting a lightning strike, or encountering a nearby discharge; (3) Implementation of any launch or reentry window closure in the launch or reentry window for the purpose of collision avoidance in accordance with § 450.169; (4) Confirmation that any safety-critical system is ready for flight; (5) Confirmation from the FAA that the risk to critical assets satisfies the requirements of § 450.101(a)(4) or (b)(4); (6) For any reentry vehicle, except a suborbital vehicle, monitoring by the operator or an onboard system that the status of safety-critical systems is healthy before enabling reentry flight, to assure the vehicle can reenter safely to Earth; and (7) Any other hazard controls derived from any safety analysis required by this part. (b) Application requirements. An applicant must submit a list of all flight commit criteria. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.32 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.167 Tracking. | FAA | (a) General. During the flight of a launch or reentry vehicle, an operator must measure and record in real time the position and velocity of the vehicle. The system used to track the vehicle must provide data to predict the expected impact locations of all stages and components, and to obtain vehicle performance data for comparison with the pre-flight performance predictions. (b) Application requirements. An applicant must identify and describe each method or system used to meet the tracking requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.33 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.169 Launch and reentry collision avoidance analysis requirements. | FAA | (a) Criteria. Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, for an orbital or suborbital launch or reentry, an operator must establish window closures needed to ensure that the launch or reentry vehicle, any jettisoned components, or payloads meet the following requirements with respect to orbiting objects, not including any object being launched or reentered. (1) For inhabitable objects, one of three criteria below must be met: (i) The probability of collision between the launching or reentering objects and any inhabitable object must not exceed 1 × 10 − 6 ; (ii) The launching or reentering objects must maintain an ellipsoidal separation distance of 200 km in-track and 50 km cross-track and radially from the inhabitable object; or (iii) The launching or reentering objects must maintain a spherical separation distance of 200 km from the inhabitable object. (2) For objects that are neither orbital debris nor inhabitable, one of the two criteria below must be met: (i) The probability of collision between the launching or reentering objects and any object must not exceed 1 × 10 − 5 ; or (ii) The launching or reentering objects must maintain a spherical separation distance of 25 km from the object. (3) For all other known orbital debris identified by the FAA or other Federal Government entity as large objects with radar cross section greater than 1 m 2 and medium objects with radar cross section 0.1 m 2 to 1 m 2 : (i) The probability of collision between the launching or reentering objects and any known orbital debris must not exceed 1 × 10 − 5 ; or (ii) The launching or reentering objects must maintain a spherical separation distance of 2.5 km. (b) Screening time. A launch or reentry operator must ensure the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section are met as follows: (1) Through the entire segment of flight of a suborbital launch vehicle above 150 km; (2) For an orbital launch, during ascent from a minimum of 150 km to initial orbital insertion and for a minimum of 3 hours fr… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.34 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.171 Safety at end of launch. | FAA | (a) Orbital debris mitigation. An operator must ensure for any proposed launch that for all vehicle stages or components that reach Earth orbit— (1) There is no unplanned physical contact between the vehicle or any of its components and the payload after payload separation; (2) Debris generation does not result from the conversion of energy sources into energy that fragments the vehicle or its components. Energy sources include chemical, pressure, and kinetic energy; and (3) For all vehicle stages or components that are left in orbit, stored energy is removed by depleting residual fuel and leaving all fuel line valves open, venting any pressurized system, leaving all batteries in a permanent discharge state, and removing any remaining source of stored energy. (b) Application requirement. An applicant must demonstrate compliance with the requirements in paragraph (a) of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.35 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.173 Mishap plan—reporting, response, and investigation requirements. | FAA | (a) General. An operator must report, respond to, and investigate mishaps, as defined in § 401.7 of this chapter, in accordance with paragraphs (b) through (g) of this section using a plan or other written means. (b) Responsibilities. An operator must document— (1) Responsibilities for personnel assigned to implement the requirements of this section; (2) Reporting responsibilities for personnel assigned to conduct investigations and for anyone retained by the operator to conduct or participate in investigations; and (3) Allocation of roles and responsibilities between the launch operator and any site operator for reporting, responding to, and investigating any mishap during ground activities at the site. (c) Mishap reporting requirements. An operator must— (1) Immediately notify the FAA Washington Operations Center in case of a mishap that involves a fatality or serious injury (as defined in 49 CFR 830.2); (2) Notify within 24 hours the FAA Washington Operations Center in the case of a mishap that does not involve a fatality or serious injury (as defined in 49 CFR 830.2); and (3) Submit a written preliminary report to the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation within five days of any mishap. The preliminary report must include the following information, as applicable: (i) Date and time of the mishap; (ii) Description of the mishap and sequence of events leading to the mishap, to the extent known; (iii) Intended and actual location of the launch or reentry or other landing on Earth; (iv) Hazardous debris impact points, including those outside a planned landing site or designated hazard area; (v) Identification of the vehicle; (vi) Identification of any payload; (vii) Number and general description of any fatalities or injuries; (viii) Description and estimated costs of any property damage; (ix) Identification of hazardous materials, as defined in § 401.7 of this chapter, involved in the event, whether on the vehicle, any payload, or on the ground; (x) Action taken by any person to co… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.36 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.175 Test-induced damage. | FAA | (a) Applicability. This section applies to license applicants or operators seeking an optional test-induced damage exception. (b) Coordination of potential test-induced damage. Test-induced damage is not a mishap if all of the following are true: (1) A license applicant or operator coordinates potential test-induced damage with the FAA before the planned activity, and with sufficient time for the FAA to evaluate the operator's proposal during the application process or as a license modification; (2) The test-induced damage did not result in any of the following: (i) Serious injury or fatality (as defined in 49 CFR 830.2); (ii) Damage to property not associated with the licensed activity; or (iii) Hazardous debris leaving the pre-defined hazard area; and (3) The test-induced damage falls within the scope of activities coordinated with the FAA in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit the following information— (1) Test objectives; (2) Test limits; (3) Expected outcomes; (4) Potential risks, including the applicant's best understanding of the uncertainties in environments, test limits, or system performance; (5) Applicable procedures; (6) Expected time and duration of the test; and (7) Additional information as required by the FAA to ensure protection of public health and safety, safety of property, and the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.37 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.177 Unique safety policies, requirements, and practices. | FAA | (a) Unique hazards. An operator must review operations, system designs, analysis, and testing, and identify any unique hazards not otherwise addressed by this part. An operator must implement any unique safety policy, requirement, or practice needed to protect the public from the unique hazard. (b) Unique requirements. The FAA may identify and impose a unique policy, requirement, or practice as needed to protect the public health and safety. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must— (1) Identify any unique safety policy, requirement, or practice necessary in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, and demonstrate that each unique safety policy, requirement, or practice protects public health and safety. (2) Demonstrate compliance with each unique safety policy, requirement, or practice imposed by the FAA in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.38 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.179 Ground safety—general. | FAA | (a) At a U.S. launch or reentry site, an operator must protect the public and property from adverse effects of hazardous operations and systems associated with— (1) Preparing a launch vehicle for flight; (2) Returning a launch or reentry vehicle to a safe condition after landing, or after an aborted launch attempt; and (3) Returning a site to a safe condition. (b) An operator is not required to comply with §§ 450.181 through 450.189 of this part if: (1) The launch or reentry is being conducted from a Federal launch or reentry site; (2) The operator has a written agreement with the Federal launch or reentry site for the provision of ground safety services and oversight; and (3) The Administrator has determined that the Federal launch or reentry site's ground safety processes, requirements, and oversight are not inconsistent with the Secretary's statutory authority over commercial space activities. (c) In making the determination required by paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the Administrator will consider the nature and frequency of launch and reentry activities conducted from the Federal launch or reentry site, coordination between the FAA and the Federal launch or reentry site safety personnel, and the Administrator's knowledge of the Federal launch or reentry site's requirements. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.39 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.181 Coordination with a site operator. | FAA | (a) General. For a launch or reentry conducted from or to a Federal launch or reentry site or a site licensed under part 420 or 433 of this chapter, an operator must coordinate with the site operator to— (1) Ensure public access is controlled where and when necessary to protect public safety; (2) Ensure launch or reentry operations are coordinated with other launch and reentry operators and other affected parties to prevent unsafe interference; (3) Designate any ground hazard area that affects the operations of a launch or reentry site; and (4) Ensure a prompt and effective response is undertaken in the event of a mishap that could impact the safety of the public and property. (b) Licensed site operator. For a launch or reentry conducted from or to a site licensed under part 420 or 433 of this chapter, an operator must also coordinate with the site operator to establish roles and responsibilities for reporting, responding to, and investigating any mishap during ground activities at the site. (c) Application requirement. An applicant must describe how it is coordinating with a Federal or licensed launch or reentry site operator in compliance with this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.4 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.108 Flight abort. | FAA | (a) Applicability. This section applies to the use of flight abort as a hazard control strategy for the flight, or phase of flight, of a launch or reentry vehicle to meet the safety criteria of § 450.101. (b) Flight safety system. An operator must use a flight safety system that: (1) Meets the requirements of § 450.145 if the consequence of any reasonably foreseeable failure mode in any significant period of flight is greater than 1 × 10 − 2 conditional expected casualties in uncontrolled areas; or (2) Meets the requirements of § 450.143 if the consequence of any reasonably foreseeable failure mode in any significant period of flight is between 1 × 10 − 2 and 1 × 10 − 3 conditional expected casualties for uncontrolled areas. (c) Flight safety limits objectives. An operator must determine and use flight safety limits that define when an operator must initiate flight abort for each of the following— (1) To ensure compliance with the safety criteria of § 450.101(a) and (b); (2) To prevent continued flight from increasing risk in uncontrolled areas if the vehicle is unable to achieve a useful mission; (3) To prevent the vehicle from entering a period of materially increased public exposure in uncontrolled areas, including before orbital insertion, if a critical vehicle parameter is outside its pre-established expected range or indicates an inability to complete flight within the limits of a useful mission; (4) To prevent conditional expected casualties greater than 1 × 10 − 2 in uncontrolled areas due to flight abort or due to flight outside the limits of a useful mission from any reasonably foreseeable off-trajectory failure mode in any significant period of flight; and (5) To prevent the vehicle state from reaching identified conditions that are anticipated to compromise the capability of the flight safety system if further flight has the potential to violate a flight safety limit. (6) In lieu of paragraphs (c)(2) and (4) of this section, to prevent debris capable of causing a casualty d… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.40 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.183 Explosive site plan. | FAA | (a) Explosive siting requirements. For a launch or reentry conducted from or to a site exclusive to its own use, an operator must comply with the explosive siting requirements of §§ 420.63, 420.65, 420.66, 420.67, 420.69, and 420.70 of this chapter. (b) Application requirement. An applicant must submit an explosive site plan in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.41 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.185 Ground hazard analysis. | FAA | An operator must perform and document a ground hazard analysis, and continue to maintain it throughout the lifecycle of the launch or reentry system. The analysis must— (a) Hazard identification. Identify system and operation hazards posed by the vehicle and ground hardware, including site and ground support equipment. Hazards identified must include the following: (1) System hazards, including: (i) Vehicle over-pressurization; (ii) Sudden energy release, including ordnance actuation; (iii) Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation; (iv) Fire or deflagration; (v) Radioactive materials; (vi) Toxic release; (vii) Cryogens; (viii) Electrical discharge; and (ix) Structural failure. (2) Operation hazards, including: (i) Propellant handling and loading; (ii) Transporting of vehicle or vehicle components; (iii) Vehicle testing; and (iv) Vehicle or system activation. (b) Hazard assessment. Assess each hazard's likelihood and severity. (c) Risk acceptability criteria. Ensure that the risk associated with each hazard meets the following criteria: (1) The likelihood of any hazardous condition that may cause death or serious injury to the public must be extremely remote; and (2) The likelihood of any hazardous condition that may cause major damage to property not associated with the launch or reentry must be remote. (d) Risk mitigation. Identify and describe the risk elimination and mitigation measures required to satisfy paragraph (c) of this section. (e) Validation and verification. Document that the risk elimination and mitigation measures achieve the risk levels of paragraph (c) of this section through validation and verification. Verification includes: (1) Analysis; (2) Test; (3) Demonstration; or (4) Inspection. (f) Application requirements. An applicant must submit— (1) A description of the methodology used to perform the ground hazard analysis; (2) A list of all systems and operations that may cause a hazard involving the vehicle or any payload; and (3) The ground hazard analysis p… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.42 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.187 Toxic hazards mitigation for ground operations. | FAA | (a) Applicability. (1) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(2), this section applies to any launch or reentry vehicle, including all vehicle components and payloads, that use toxic propellants or other toxic chemicals. (2) No toxic release hazard analysis is required for kerosene-based fuels, unless the Administrator determines that an analysis is required to protect public safety. (b) General. An operator must— (1) Conduct a toxic release hazard analysis in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section; (2) Manage the risk of casualties that could arise from the exposure to toxic release through one of the following means: (i) Contain hazards caused by toxic release in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section; or (ii) Perform a toxic risk assessment, in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section, that demonstrates compliance with the risk criteria of § 450.185(c). (3) Establish ground hazard controls based on the results of its toxic release hazard analysis and toxic containment or toxic risk assessment for any necessary evacuation of the public from any toxic hazard area. (c) Toxic release hazard analysis. A toxic release hazard analysis must— (1) Account for any toxic release that could occur during nominal or non-nominal launch or reentry ground operations; (2) Include a worst-case release scenario analysis or a maximum-credible release scenario analysis for each process that involves a toxic propellant or other chemical; (3) Determine if toxic release can occur based on an evaluation of the chemical compositions and quantities of propellants, other chemicals, vehicle materials, and projected combustion products, and the possible toxic release scenarios; (4) Account for both normal combustion products and any unreacted propellants and phase change or chemical derivatives of released substances; and (5) Account for any operational constraints and emergency procedures that provide protection from toxic release. (d) Toxic containment. An operator using toxic containment must manage … | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.43 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.189 Ground safety prescribed hazard controls. | FAA | (a) General. In addition to the hazard controls derived from an operator's ground hazard analysis and toxic hazard analysis, an operator must comply with paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section. (b) Protection of public on the site. An operator must document a process for protecting members of the public who enter any area under the control of a launch or reentry operator, including: (1) Procedures for identifying and tracking the public while on the site; and (2) Methods the operator uses to protect the public from hazards in accordance with the ground hazard analysis and toxic hazard analysis. (c) Countdown abort. Following a countdown abort or recycle operation, an operator must establish, maintain, and perform procedures for controlling hazards related to the vehicle and returning the vehicle, stages, or other flight hardware and site facilities to a safe condition. When a launch vehicle does not liftoff after a command to initiate flight was sent, an operator must— (1) Ensure that the vehicle and any payload are in a safe configuration; (2) Prohibit entry of the public into any identified hazard areas until the site is returned to a safe condition; and (3) Maintain and verify that any flight safety system remains operational until verification that the launch vehicle does not represent a risk of inadvertent flight. (d) Fire suppression. An operator must have reasonable precautions in place to report and control any fire caused by licensed activities. (e) Emergency procedures. An operator must have general emergency procedures that apply to any emergencies not covered by the mishap plan of § 450.173 that may create a hazard to the public. (f) Application requirement. An applicant must submit the process for protecting members of the public who enter any area under the control of a launch or reentry operator in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.5 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.109 Flight hazard analysis. | FAA | (a) Applicability. This section applies to the use of a flight hazard analysis as a hazard control strategy to derive hazard controls for the flight, or phase of flight, of a launch or reentry vehicle. Hazards associated with computing systems and software are further addressed in § 450.141. (b) Analysis. A flight hazard analysis must identify, describe, and analyze all reasonably foreseeable hazards to public safety resulting from the flight of a launch or reentry vehicle. Each flight hazard analysis must— (1) Identify all reasonably foreseeable hazards, and the corresponding failure mode for each hazard, associated with the launch or reentry system relevant to public safety, including those resulting from: (i) Vehicle operation, including staging and release; (ii) System, subsystem, and component failures or faults; (iii) Software operations; (iv) Environmental conditions; (v) Human factors; (vi) Design inadequacies; (vii) Procedure deficiencies; (viii) Functional and physical interfaces between subsystems, including any vehicle payload; (ix) Reuse of components or systems; and (x) Interactions of any of the above. (2) Assess each hazard's likelihood and severity. (3) Ensure that the likelihood of any hazardous condition that may cause death or serious injury to the public is extremely remote. (4) Identify and describe the risk elimination and mitigation measures required to satisfy paragraph (b)(3) of this section. (5) Document that the risk elimination and mitigation measures achieve the risk level of paragraph (b)(3) of this section through validation and verification. Verification includes: (i) Analysis; (ii) Test; (iii) Demonstration; or (iv) Inspection. (c) New Hazards. An operator must establish and document the criteria and techniques for identifying new hazards throughout the lifecycle of the launch or reentry system. (d) Completeness Prior to Flight. For every launch or reentry, the flight hazard analysis must be complete and all hazards must be mitigated to an acceptable… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.6 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.110 Physical containment. | FAA | (a) Applicability. This section applies to the use of physical containment as a hazard control strategy for the flight, or phase of flight, of a launch or reentry vehicle to meet the safety criteria of § 450.101(a), (b), and (c). (b) Containment. To use physical containment as a hazard control strategy, an operator must— (1) Develop the flight hazard area in accordance with § 450.133; (2) Ensure that the launch vehicle does not have sufficient energy for any hazards associated with its flight to reach outside the flight hazard area; (3) Ensure the hazard area is clear of the public and critical assets; and (4) Apply other mitigation measures necessary to ensure no public or critical asset exposure to hazards, such as control of public access or wind placards. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit in its application the following: (1) A demonstration that the launch vehicle does not have sufficient energy for any hazards associated with its flight to reach outside the flight hazard area developed in accordance with § 450.133; and (2) A description of the methods used to ensure that flight hazard areas are cleared of the public and critical assets. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.7 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.111 Wind weighting. | FAA | (a) Applicability. This section applies to the use of wind weighting as a hazard control strategy for the flight of an unguided suborbital launch vehicle to meet the safety criteria of § 450.101(a), (b), and (c). (b) Wind weighting safety system. The flight of an unguided suborbital launch vehicle that uses a wind weighting safety system must meet the following: (1) The launcher azimuth and elevation settings must be wind weighted to correct for the effects of wind conditions at the time of flight to provide impact locations that will ensure compliance with the safety criteria in § 450.101; and (2) An operator must use launcher azimuth and elevation angle settings that ensures the rocket will not fly in an unintended direction accounting for uncertainties in vehicle and launcher design and manufacturing, and atmospheric uncertainties. (c) Analysis. An operator must— (1) Establish flight commit criteria and other flight safety rules that control the risk to the public from potential adverse effects resulting from normal and malfunctioning flight; (2) Establish any wind constraints under which flight may occur; and (3) Conduct a wind weighting analysis that establishes the launcher azimuth and elevation settings that correct for the windcocking and wind-drift effects on the unguided suborbital launch vehicle. (d) Stability. An unguided suborbital launch vehicle, in all configurations, must be stable throughout each stage of powered flight. (e) Application requirements. An applicant must submit in its application the following: (1) A description of its wind weighting analysis methods, including its method and schedule of determining wind speed and wind direction for each altitude layer; (2) A description of its wind weighting safety system including all equipment used to perform the wind weighting analysis; and (3) A representative wind weighting analysis using actual or statistical winds for the launch area and samples of the output. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.8 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.113 Flight safety analysis requirements—scope. | FAA | (a) An operator must perform and document a flight safety analysis for all phases of flight, except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, as follows— (1) For orbital launch, from liftoff through orbital insertion, and through all component impacts or landings; (2) For suborbital launch, from liftoff through all component impacts or landings; (3) For disposal, from the initiation of the deorbit through final impact; and (4) For reentry, from the initiation of the deorbit through all component impacts or landing. (b) An operator is not required to perform and document a flight safety analysis for a phase of flight if agreed to by the Administrator based on demonstrated reliability. An operator demonstrates reliability by using operational and flight history to show compliance with the risk criteria in § 450.101(a) and (b). | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.3.30.9 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Safety Requirements | § 450.115 Flight safety analysis methods. | FAA | (a) Scope of the analysis. An operator's flight safety analysis method must account for all reasonably foreseeable events and failures of safety-critical systems during nominal and non-nominal launch or reentry that could jeopardize public safety. (b) Level of fidelity of the analysis. An operator's flight safety analysis method must have a level of fidelity sufficient to— (1) Demonstrate that any risk to the public satisfies the safety criteria of § 450.101, including the use of mitigations, accounting for all known sources of uncertainty, using a means of compliance accepted by the Administrator; and (2) Identify the dominant source of each type of public risk with a criterion in § 450.101(a) or (b) in terms of phase of flight, source of hazard (such as toxic exposure, inert, or explosive debris), and failure mode. (c) Application requirements. An applicant must submit a description of the flight safety analysis methodology, including identification of: (1) The scientific principles and statistical methods used; (2) All assumptions and their justifications; (3) The rationale for the level of fidelity; (4) The evidence for validation and verification required by § 450.101(g); (5) The extent to which the benchmark conditions are comparable to the foreseeable conditions of the intended operations; and (6) The extent to which risk mitigations were accounted for in the analyses. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.1 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.201 Responsibility for public safety and safety of property. | FAA | A licensee is responsible for ensuring public safety and safety of property during the conduct of a licensed launch or reentry. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.10 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.219 Records. | FAA | (a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, a licensee must maintain for 3 years all records, data, and other material necessary to verify that a launch or reentry is conducted in accordance with representations contained in the licensee's application, the requirements of subparts C and D of this part, and the terms and conditions contained in the license. (b) For an event that meets any of paragraph (1) through (5) or paragraph (8) of the definition of “mishap” in § 401.7 of this chapter, a licensee must preserve all records related to the event. Records must be retained until completion of any Federal investigation and the FAA advises the licensee that the records need not be retained. The licensee must make all records required to be maintained under the regulations available to Federal officials for inspection and copying. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.2 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.203 Compliance. | FAA | A licensee must conduct a licensed launch or reentry in accordance with representations made in its license application, the requirements of subparts C and D of this part, and the terms and conditions contained in the license. A licensee's failure to act in accordance with the representations made in the license application, the requirements of subparts C and D of this part, and the terms and conditions contained in the license, is sufficient basis for the revocation of a license or other appropriate enforcement action. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.3 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.205 Financial responsibility requirements. | FAA | A licensee must comply with financial responsibility requirements of part 440 of this chapter and as specified in a license or license order. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.4 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.207 Human spaceflight requirements. | FAA | A licensee conducting a launch or reentry with a human being on board the vehicle must comply with human spaceflight requirements of part 460 of this chapter as specified in a license or license order. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.5 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.209 Compliance monitoring. | FAA | (a) A licensee must allow access by, and cooperate with, Federal officers or employees or other individuals authorized by the FAA to observe any of its activities, or any of its contractors' or subcontractors' activities, associated with the conduct of a licensed launch or reentry. (b) For each licensed launch or reentry, a licensee must provide the FAA with a console for monitoring the progress of the countdown and communication on all channels of the countdown communications network, unless the licensee has another acceptable means. A licensee must also provide the FAA with the capability to communicate with the mission director designated by § 450.103(a)(1). | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.6 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.211 Continuing accuracy of license application; application for modification of license. | FAA | (a) A licensee is responsible for the continuing accuracy of representations contained in its application for the entire term of the license. (b) After a license has been issued, a licensee must apply to the FAA for modification of the license if— (1) The licensee proposes to conduct a launch or reentry in a manner not authorized by the license; or (2) Any representation contained in the license application that is material to public health and safety or the safety of property is no longer accurate and complete or does not reflect the licensee's procedures governing the actual conduct of a launch or reentry. A change is material to public health and safety or the safety of property if it alters or affects— (i) The class of payload; (ii) The type of launch or reentry vehicle; (iii) The type or quantity of hazardous material; (iv) The flight trajectory; (v) The launch site or reentry site or other landing site; or (vi) Any system, policy, procedure, requirement, criteria, or standard that is safety critical. (c) An application to modify a license must be prepared and submitted in accordance with part 413 of this chapter. If requested during the application process, the FAA may approve an alternate method for requesting license modifications. The licensee must indicate any part of its license or license application that would be changed or affected by a proposed modification. (d) Upon approval of a modification, the FAA issues either a written approval to the licensee or a license order amending the license if a stated term or condition of the license is changed, added, or deleted. An approval has the full force and effect of a license order and is part of the licensing record. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.7 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.213 Pre-flight reporting. | FAA | (a) Reporting method. A licensee must send the information in this section as an email attachment to ASTOperations@faa.gov, or other method as agreed to by the Administrator in the license. (b) Mission information. A licensee must submit to the FAA the following mission-specific information no less than 60 days before each mission conducted under the license, unless the Administrator agrees to a different time frame in accordance with § 404.15 in the license, except when the information was provided in the license application: (1) Payload information in accordance with § 450.43(i); and (2) Planned mission information, including the vehicle, launch site, planned flight path, staging and impact locations, each payload delivery point, intended reentry or landing sites including any contingency abort location, and the location of any disposed launch or reentry vehicle stage or component that is deorbited. (c) Flight abort and flight safety analysis products. A licensee must submit to the FAA updated flight abort and flight safety analysis products, using methodologies previously approved by the FAA, for each mission no less than 30 days before flight, unless the Administrator agrees to a different time frame in accordance with § 404.15 in the license. (1) A licensee is not required to submit the flight abort and flight safety analysis products if— (i) The analysis submitted in the license application satisfies all the requirements of this section; or (ii) The licensee demonstrated during the application process that the analysis does not need to be updated to account for mission-specific factors. (2) If a licensee is required to submit the flight abort and flight safety analysis products, the licensee— (i) Must account for vehicle- and mission-specific input data; (ii) Must account for potential variations in input data that may affect any analysis product within the final 30 days before flight; (iii) Must submit the analysis products using the same format and organization used in its license appli… | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.8 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.215 Post-flight reporting. | FAA | (a) A licensee must submit to the FAA the information in paragraph (b) of this section no later than 90 days after a launch or reentry, unless the Administrator agrees to a different time frame in accordance with § 404.15 of this chapter. (b) A licensee must send the following information as an email attachment to ASTOperations@faa.gov, or other method as agreed to by the Administrator in the license: (1) Any anomaly that occurred during countdown or flight that is material to public health and safety and the safety of property; (2) Any corrective action implemented or to be implemented after the flight due to an anomaly or mishap; (3) The number of humans on board the vehicle; (4) The actual trajectory flown by the vehicle, if requested by the FAA; and (5) For an unguided suborbital launch vehicle, the actual impact location of all impacting stages and impacting components, if requested by the FAA. | ||||
| 14:14:4.0.2.9.25.4.30.9 | 14 | Aeronautics and Space | III | C | 450 | PART 450—LAUNCH AND REENTRY LICENSE REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Terms and Conditions of a Vehicle Operator License | § 450.217 Registration of space objects. | FAA | (a) To assist the U.S. Government in implementing Article IV of the 1975 Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space, each licensee must submit to the FAA the information required by paragraph (b) of this section for all objects placed in space by a licensed launch, including a launch vehicle and any components, except any object owned and registered by the U.S. Government. (b) For each object that must be registered in accordance with this section, no later than 30 days following the conduct of a licensed launch, a licensee must file the following information: (1) The international designator of the space object; (2) Date and location of launch; (3) General function of the space object; (4) Final orbital parameters, including: (i) Nodal period; (ii) Inclination; (iii) Apogee; (iv) Perigee; and (5) Ownership, and country of ownership, of the space object. (c) A licensee must notify the FAA when it removes an object that it has previously placed in space. |
Advanced export
JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object
CREATE TABLE cfr_sections (
section_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
title_number INTEGER,
title_name TEXT,
chapter TEXT,
subchapter TEXT,
part_number TEXT,
part_name TEXT,
subpart TEXT,
subpart_name TEXT,
section_number TEXT,
section_heading TEXT,
agency TEXT,
authority TEXT,
source_citation TEXT,
amendment_citations TEXT,
full_text TEXT
);
CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_title ON cfr_sections(title_number);
CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_part ON cfr_sections(part_number);
CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_agency ON cfr_sections(agency);