cfr_sections
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42 rows where part_number = 34 and title_number = 10 sorted by section_id
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| section_id ▼ | title_number | title_name | chapter | subchapter | part_number | part_name | subpart | subpart_name | section_number | section_heading | agency | authority | source_citation | amendment_citations | full_text |
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| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.1.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | A | Subpart A—General Provisions | § 34.1 Purpose and scope. | NRC | [78 FR 17006, Mar. 19, 2013] | This part prescribes requirements for the issuance of licenses for the use of sealed sources containing byproduct material and radiation safety requirements for persons using these sealed sources in industrial radiography. The provisions and requirements of this part are in addition to, and not in substitution for, other requirements of this chapter. In particular, the requirements and provisions of parts 19, 20, 21, 30, 37, 71, 150, 170, and 171 of this chapter apply to applications and licenses subject to this part. This rule does not apply to medical uses of byproduct material. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.1.94.2 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | A | Subpart A—General Provisions | § 34.3 Definitions. | NRC | ALARA (acronym for “as low as is reasonably achievable”) means making every reasonable effort to maintain exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits specified in 10 CFR part 20 as is practical consistent with the purpose for which the licensed activity is undertaken, taking into account the state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to benefits to the public health and safety, and other societal and socioeconomic considerations, and in relation to utilization of nuclear energy and licensed materials in the public interest. Annual refresher safety training means a review conducted or provided by the licensee for its employees on radiation safety aspects of industrial radiography. The review may include, as appropriate, the results of internal inspections, new procedures or equipment, new or revised regulations, accidents or errors that have been observed, and should also provide opportunities for employees to ask safety questions. Associated equipment means equipment that is used in conjunction with a radiographic exposure device to make radiographic exposures that drives, guides, or comes in contact with the source, (e.g., guide tube, control tube, control (drive) cable, removable source stop, “J” tube and collimator when it is used as an exposure head. Becquerel (Bq) means one disintegration per second. Certifying Entity means an independent certifying organization meeting the requirements in appendix A of this part or an Agreement State meeting the requirements in appendix A, parts II and III of this part. Collimator means a radiation shield that is placed on the end of the guide tube or directly onto a radiographic exposure device to restrict the size of the radiation beam when the sealed source is cranked into position to make a radiographic exposure. Control (drive) cable means the cable that is connected to the source assembly and used to drive the source to and from the exposure location. Control dr… | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.1.94.3 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | A | Subpart A—General Provisions | § 34.5 Interpretations. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 90 FR 55629, Dec. 3, 2025] | Except as specifically authorized by the Commission in writing, no interpretation of the meaning of the regulations in this part by any officer or employee of the Commission, other than a written interpretation by the General Counsel, will be recognized to be binding upon the Commission. This section shall cease to have effect on January 8, 2027, unless the NRC determines that the cessation deadline should be extended to a date not more than 5 years in the future after offering the public an opportunity to provide input on the costs and benefits of this section and considering that input. The NRC will publish a document in the Federal Register announcing its determination and revising or removing this section accordingly. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.1.94.4 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | A | Subpart A—General Provisions | § 34.8 Information collection requirements: OMB approval. | NRC | [62 FR 52186, Oct. 6, 1997, as amended at 75 FR 73942, Nov. 30, 2010; 85 FR 65662, Oct. 16, 2020] | (a) The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has submitted the information collection requirements contained in this part to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for approval as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. ). The NRC may nor conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. OMB has approved the information collection requirements contained in this part under control number 3150-0007. (b) The approved information collection requirements contained in this part appear in §§ 34.13, 34.20, 34.25, 34.27, 34.29, 34.31, 34.33, 34.35, 34.41, 34.42, 34.43, 34.45, 34.47, 34.49, 34.61, 34.63, 34.65, 34.67, 34.69, 34.71, 34.73, 34.75, 34.79, 34.81, 34.83, 34.85, 34.87, 34.89, 34.101, 34.111, and appendix A. (c) This part contains information collection requirements in addition to those approved under the control number specified in paragraph (a) of this section. The information collection requirements and the control numbers under which it is approved are as follows: (1) In § 34.11, NRC Form 313 is approved under control number 3150-0120. (2) [Reserved] | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.2.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | B | Subpart B—Specific Licensing Provisions | § 34.11 Application for a specific license. | NRC | [68 FR 58805, Oct. 10, 2003] | A person may file an application for specific license for use of sealed sources in industrial radiography on NRC Form 313, “Application for Material License,” in accordance with the provisions of § 30.32 of this chapter. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.2.94.2 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | B | Subpart B—Specific Licensing Provisions | § 34.13 Specific license for industrial radiography. | NRC | An application for a specific license for the use of licensed material in industrial radiography will be approved if the applicant meets the following requirements: (a) The applicant satisfies the general requirements specified in § 30.33 of this chapter for byproduct material, as appropriate, and any special requirements contained in this part. (b) The applicant submits an adequate program for training radiographers and radiographers' assistants that meets the requirements of § 34.43. (1) After May 28, 1999, a license applicant need not describe its initial training and examination program for radiographers in the subjects outlined in § 34.43(g). (2) From June 27, 1997 to May 28, 1999 a license applicant may affirm that all individuals acting as industrial radiographers will be certified in radiation safety by a certifying entity before commencing duty as radiographers. This affirmation substitutes for a description of its initial training and examination program for radiographers in the subjects outlined in § 34.43(g). (c) The applicant submits procedures for verifying and documenting the certification status of radiographers and for ensuring that the certification of individuals acting as radiographers remains valid. (d) The applicant submits written operating and emergency procedures as described in § 34.45. (e) The applicant submits a description of a program for inspections of the job performance of each radiographer and radiographers' assistant at intervals not to exceed 6 months as described in § 34.43(e). (f) The applicant submits a description of the applicant's overall organizational structure as it applies to the radiation safety responsibilities in industrial radiography, including specified delegation of authority and responsibility. (g) The applicant identifies and lists the qualifications of the individual(s) designated as the RSO (§ 34.42) and potential designees responsible for ensuring that the licensee's radiation safety program is implemented in accordance with approved procedures. … | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.20 Performance requirements for industrial radiography equipment. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004; 77 FR 39906, July 6, 2012] | Equipment used in industrial radiographic operations must meet the following minimum criteria: (a)(1) Each radiographic exposure device, source assembly or sealed source, and all associated equipment must meet the requirements specified in American National Standards Institute, N432-1980 “Radiological Safety for the Design and Construction of Apparatus for Gamma Radiography,” (published as NBS Handbook 136, issued January 1981). This publication has been approved for incorporation by reference by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a)and 1 CFR part 51. This publication may be purchased from the American National Standards Institute, Inc., 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036; Telephone: (212) 642-4900. Copies of the document are available for inspection at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Library, 11545 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20852. A copy of the document is also on file at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (2) Engineering analysis may be submitted by an applicant or licensee to demonstrate the applicability of previously performed testing on similar individual radiography equipment components. Upon review, the Commission may find this an acceptable alternative to actual testing of the component pursuant to the above referenced standard. (b) In addition to the requirements specified in paragraph (a) of this section, the following requirements apply to radiographic exposure devices, source changers, source assemblies and sealed sources. (1) The licensee shall ensure that each radiographic exposure device has attached to it a durable, legible, clearly visible label bearing the— (i) Chemical symbol and mass number of the radionuclide in the device; (ii) Activity and the date on which this activity was last measured; (iii) Model (or product code) and seri… | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.2 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.21 Limits on external radiation levels from storage containers and source changers. | NRC | The maximum exposure rate limits for storage containers and source changers are 2 millisieverts (200 millirem) per hour at any exterior surface, and 0.1 millisieverts (10 millirem) per hour at 1 meter from any exterior surface with the sealed source in the shielded position. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.3 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.23 Locking of radiographic exposure devices, storage containers and source changers. | NRC | (a) Each radiographic exposure device must have a lock or outer locked container designed to prevent unauthorized or accidental removal of the sealed source from its shielded position. The exposure device and/or its container must be kept locked (and if a keyed-lock, with the key removed at all times) when not under the direct surveillance of a radiographer or a radiographer's assistant except at permanent radiographic installations as stated in § 34.51. In addition, during radiographic operations the sealed source assembly must be secured in the shielded position each time the source is returned to that position. (b) Each sealed source storage container and source changer must have a lock or outer locked container designed to prevent unauthorized or accidental removal of the sealed source from its shielded position. Storage containers and source changers must be kept locked (and if a keyed-lock, with the key removed at all times) when containing sealed sources except when under the direct surveillance of a radiographer or a radiographer's assistant. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.4 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.25 Radiation survey instruments. | NRC | (a) The licensee shall keep sufficient calibrated and operable radiation survey instruments at each location where radioactive material is present to make the radiation surveys required by this part and by 10 CFR part 20 of this chapter. Instrumentation required by this section must be capable of measuring a range from 0.02 millisieverts (2 millirems) per hour through 0.01 sievert (1 rem) per hour. (b) The licensee shall have each radiation survey instrument required under paragraph (a) of this section calibrated— (1) At intervals not to exceed 6 months and after instrument servicing, except for battery changes; (2) For linear scale instruments, at two points located approximately one-third and two-thirds of full-scale on each scale; for logarithmic scale instruments, at mid-range of each decade, and at two points of at least one decade; and for digital instruments, at 3 points between 0.02 and 10 millisieverts (2 and 1000 millirems) per hour; and (3) So that an accuracy within plus or minus 20 percent of the calibration source can be demonstrated at each point checked. (c) The licensee shall maintain records of the results of the instrument calibrations in accordance with § 34.65. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.5 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.27 Leak testing and replacement of sealed sources. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 37061, July 9, 1998; 67 FR 77652, Dec. 19, 2002; 68 FR 58805, Oct. 10, 2003; 73 FR 5719, Jan. 31, 2008] | (a) The replacement of any sealed source fastened to or contained in a radiographic exposure device and leak testing of any sealed source must be performed by persons authorized to do so by the NRC or an Agreement State. (b) The opening, repair, or modification of any sealed source must be performed by persons specifically authorized to do so by the Commission or an Agreement State. (c) Testing and recordkeeping requirements. (1) Each licensee who uses a sealed source shall have the source tested for leakage at intervals not to exceed 6 months. The leak testing of the source must be performed using a method approved by the Commission or by an Agreement State. The wipe sample should be taken from the nearest accessible point to the sealed source where contamination might accumulate. The wipe sample must be analyzed for radioactive contamination. The analysis must be capable of detecting the presence of 185 Bq (0.005 microcurie) of radioactive material on the test sample and must be performed by a person specifically authorized by the Commission or an Agreement State to perform the analysis. (2) The licensee shall maintain records of the leak tests in accordance with § 34.67. (3) Unless a sealed source is accompanied by a certificate from the transferor that shows that it has been leak tested within 6 months before the transfer, it may not be used by the licensee until tested for leakage. Sealed sources that are in storage and not in use do not require leak testing, but must be tested before use or transfer to another person if the interval of storage exceeds 6 months. (d) Any test conducted pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section which reveals the presence of 185 Bq (0.005 microcurie) or more of removable radioactive material must be considered evidence that the sealed source is leaking. The licensee shall immediately withdraw the equipment involved from use and shall have it decontaminated and repaired or disposed of in accordance with Commission regulations. A report must be filed with the Director, Off… | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.6 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.29 Quarterly inventory. | NRC | (a) Each licensee shall conduct a quarterly physical inventory to account for all sealed sources and for devices containing depleted uranium received and possessed under this license. (b) The licensee shall maintain records of the quarterly inventory in accordance with § 34.69. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.7 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.31 Inspection and maintenance of radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated equipment, source changers, and survey instruments. | NRC | (a) The licensee shall perform visual and operability checks on survey meters, radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated equipment and source changers before use on each day the equipment is to be used to ensure that the equipment is in good working condition, that the sources are adequately shielded, and that required labeling is present. Survey instrument operability must be performed using check sources or other appropriate means. If equipment problems are found, the equipment must be removed from service until repaired. (b) Each licensee shall have written procedures for: (1) Inspection and routine maintenance of radiographic exposure devices, source changers, associated equipment, transport and storage containers, and survey instruments at intervals not to exceed 3 months or before the first use thereafter to ensure the proper functioning of components important to safety. Replacement components shall meet design specifications. If equipment problems are found, the equipment must be removed from service until repaired. (2) Inspection and maintenance necessary to maintain the Type B packaging used to transport radioactive materials. The inspection and maintenance program must include procedures to assure that Type B packages are shipped and maintained in accordance with the certificate of compliance or other approval. (c) Records of equipment problems and of any maintenance performed under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section must be made in accordance with § 34.73. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.8 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.33 Permanent radiographic installations. | NRC | (a) Each entrance that is used for personnel access to the high radiation area in a permanent radiographic installation must have either: (1) An entrance control of the type described in § 20.1601(a)(1) of this chapter that reduces the radiation level upon entry into the area, or (2) Both conspicuous visible and audible warning signals to warn of the presence of radiation. The visible signal must be actuated by radiation whenever the source is exposed. The audible signal must be actuated when an attempt is made to enter the installation while the source is exposed. (b) The alarm system must be tested for proper operation with a radiation source each day before the installation is used for radiographic operations. The test must include a check of both the visible and audible signals. Entrance control devices that reduce the radiation level upon entry (designated in paragraph (a)(1) of this section) must be tested monthly. If an entrance control device or an alarm is operating improperly, it must be immediately labeled as defective and repaired within 7 calendar days. The facility may continue to be used during this 7-day period, provided the licensee implements the continuous surveillance requirements of § 34.51 and uses an alarming ratemeter. Test records for entrance controls and audible and visual alarm must be maintained in accordance with § 34.75. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.3.94.9 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | C | Subpart C—Equipment | § 34.35 Labeling, storage, and transportation. | NRC | (a) The licensee may not use a source changer or a container to store licensed material unless the source changer or the storage container has securely attached to it a durable, legible, and clearly visible label bearing the standard trefoil radiation caution symbol conventional colors, i.e. , magenta, purple or black on a yellow background, having a minimum diameter of 25 mm, and the wording CAUTION* RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES (or “NAME OF COMPANY”) *____ or “DANGER” CAUTION* RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES (or “NAME OF COMPANY”) *____ or “DANGER” (b) The licensee may not transport licensed material unless the material is packaged, and the package is labeled, marked, and accompanied with appropriate shipping papers in accordance with regulations set out in 10 CFR part 71. (c) Locked radiographic exposure devices and storage containers must be physically secured to prevent tampering or removal by unauthorized personnel. The licensee shall store licensed material in a manner which will minimize danger from explosion or fire. (d) The licensee shall lock and physically secure the transport package containing licensed material in the transporting vehicle to prevent accidental loss, tampering, or unauthorized removal of the licensed material from the vehicle. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.41 Conducting industrial radiographic operations. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 37061, July 9, 1998] | (a) Whenever radiography is performed at a location other than a permanent radiographic installation, the radiographer must be accompanied by at least one other qualified radiographer or an individual who has at a minimum met the requirements of § 34.43(c). The additional qualified individual shall observe the operations and be capable of providing immediate assistance to prevent unauthorized entry. Radiography may not be performed if only one qualified individual is present. (b) All radiographic operations conducted at locations of use authorized on the license must be conducted in a permanent radiographic installation, unless specifically authorized by the Commission. (c) A licensee may conduct lay-barge, offshore platform, or underwater radiography only if procedures have been approved by the Commission or by an Agreement State. (d) Licensees will have until June 27, 1998, to meet the requirements for having two qualified individuals present at locations other than a permanent radiographic installation as specified in paragraph (a) of this section. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.2 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.42 Radiation Safety Officer for industrial radiography. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 37061, July 9, 1998] | The RSO shall ensure that radiation safety activities are being performed in accordance with approved procedures and regulatory requirements in the daily operation of the licensee's program. (a) The minimum qualifications, training, and experience for RSOs for industrial radiography are as follows: (1) Completion of the training and testing requirements of § 34.43(a); (2) 2000 hours of hands-on experience as a qualified radiographer in industrial radiographic operations; and (3) Formal training in the establishment and maintenance of a radiation protection program. (b) The Commission will consider alternatives when the RSO has appropriate training and/or experience in the field of ionizing radiation, and in addition, has adequate formal training with respect to the establishment and maintenance of a radiation safety protection program. (c) The specific duties and authorities of the RSO include, but are not limited to: (1) Establishing and overseeing all operating, emergency, and ALARA procedures as required by 10 CFR part 20 of this chapter, and reviewing them regularly to ensure that the procedures in use conform to current 10 CFR part 20 procedures, conform to other NRC regulations and to the license conditions. (2) Overseeing and approving all phases of the training program for radiographic personnel, ensuring that appropriate and effective radiation protection practices are taught; (3) Ensuring that required radiation surveys and leak tests are performed and documented in accordance with the regulations, including any corrective measures when levels of radiation exceed established limits; (4) Ensuring that personnel monitoring devices are calibrated and used properly by occupationally-exposed personnel, that records are kept of the monitoring results, and that timely notifications are made as required by § 20.2203 of this chapter; and (5) Ensuring that operations are conducted safely and to assume control for instituting corrective actions including stopping of operations when necessary. (d) Licen… | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.3 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.43 Training. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 37061, July 9, 1998; 68 FR 58805, Oct. 10, 2003, 73 FR 5720, Jan. 31, 2008] | (a) The licensee may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer until the individual— (1) Has received training in the subjects in paragraph (g) of this section, in addition to a minimum of 2 months of on-the-job training, and is certified through a radiographer certification program by a certifying entity in accordance with the criteria specified in appendix A of this part. (An independent organization that would like to be recognized as a certifying entity shall submit its request to the Director, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, by an appropriate method listed in § 30.6(a) of this chapter.); or (2) The licensee may, until June 27, 1999, allow an individual who has not met the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, to act as a radiographer after the individual has received training in the subjects outlined in paragraph (g) of this section and demonstrated an understanding of these subjects by successful completion of a written examination that was previously submitted to and approved by the Commission. (b) In addition, the licensee may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer until the individual— (1) Has received copies of and instruction in the requirements described in NRC regulations contained in this part; in §§ 30.7, 30.9, and 30.10 of this chapter; in the applicable sections of 10 CFR parts 19 and 20, of this chapter, in applicable DOT regulations as referenced in 10 CFR part 71, in the NRC license(s) under which the radiographer will perform industrial radiography, and the licensee's operating and emergency procedures; (2) Has demonstrated understanding of the licensee's license and operating and emergency procedures by successful completion of a written or oral examination covering this material. (3) Has received training in the use of the licensee's radiographic exposure devices, sealed sources, in the daily inspection of devices and associated equipment, and in the use of radiation survey instruments. (4) Has demonstrated understanding of the use o… | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.4 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.45 Operating and emergency procedures. | NRC | (a) Operating and emergency procedures must include, as a minimum, instructions in the following: (1) Appropriate handling and use of licensed sealed sources and radiographic exposure devices so that no person is likely to be exposed to radiation doses in excess of the limits established in 10 CFR part 20 of this chapter “Standards for Protection Against Radiation”; (2) Methods and occasions for conducting radiation surveys; (3) Methods for controlling access to radiographic areas; (4) Methods and occasions for locking and securing radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers and sealed sources; (5) Personnel monitoring and the use of personnel monitoring equipment; (6) Transporting sealed sources to field locations, including packing of radiographic exposure devices and storage containers in the vehicles, placarding of vehicles when needed, and control of the sealed sources during transportation (refer to 49 CFR parts 171-173); (7) The inspection, maintenance, and operability checks of radiographic exposure devices, survey instruments, transport containers, and storage containers; (8) Steps that must be taken immediately by radiography personnel in the event a pocket dosimeter is found to be off-scale or an alarm ratemeter alarms unexpectedly. (9) The procedure(s) for identifying and reporting defects and noncompliance, as required by 10 CFR part 21 of this chapter; (10) The procedure for notifying proper persons in the event of an accident; (11) Minimizing exposure of persons in the event of an accident; (12) Source recovery procedure if licensee will perform source recovery; (13) Maintenance of records. (b) The licensee shall maintain copies of current operating and emergency procedures in accordance with §§ 34.81 and 34.89. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.5 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.46 Supervision of radiographers' assistants. | NRC | Whenever a radiographer's assistant uses radiographic exposure devices, associated equipment or sealed sources or conducts radiation surveys required by § 34.49(b) to determine that the sealed source has returned to the shielded position after an exposure, the assistant shall be under the personal supervision of a radiographer. The personal supervision must include: (a) The radiographer's physical presence at the site where the sealed sources are being used; (b) The availability of the radiographer to give immediate assistance if required; and (c) The radiographer's direct observation of the assistant's performance of the operations referred to in this section. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.6 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.47 Personnel monitoring. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 65 FR 63751, Oct. 24, 2000; 85 FR 15351, Mar. 18, 2020] | (a) The licensee may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer or a radiographer's assistant unless, at all times during radiographic operations, each individual wears, on the trunk of the body, a direct reading dosimeter, an operating alarm ratemeter, and a personnel dosimeter. At permanent radiography installations where other appropriate alarming or warning devices are in routine use, the wearing of an alarming ratemeter is not required. (1) Pocket dosimeters must have a range from zero to 2 millisieverts (200 millirems) and must be recharged at the start of each shift. Electronic personal dosimeters may only be used in place of ion-chamber pocket dosimeters. (2) Each personnel dosimeter must be assigned to and worn only by one individual. (3) Film badges must be replaced at least monthly and all other personnel dosimeters that require replacement must be replaced at least quarterly. All personnel dosimeters must be evaluated at least quarterly or promptly after replacement, whichever is more frequent. (b) Direct reading dosimeters such as pocket dosimeters or electronic personal dosimeters, must be read and the exposures recorded at the beginning and end of each shift, and records must be maintained in accordance with § 34.83. (c) Pocket dosimeters, or electronic personal dosimeters, must be checked at periods not to exceed 12 months for correct response to radiation, and records must be maintained in accordance with § 34.83. Acceptable dosimeters must read within plus or minus 20 percent of the true radiation exposure. (d) If an individual's pocket chamber is found to be off-scale, or if his or her electronic personal dosimeter reads greater than 2 millisieverts (200 millirems), and the possibility of radiation exposure cannot be ruled out as the cause, the individual's personnel dosimeter that requires processing must be sent for processing and evaluation within 24 hours. For personnel dosimeters that do not require processing, evaluation of the dosimeter must be started within 24 hours. In a… | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.7 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.49 Radiation surveys. | NRC | The licensee shall: (a) Conduct surveys with a calibrated and operable radiation survey instrument that meets the requirements of § 34.25. (b) Using a survey instrument meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, conduct a survey of the radiographic exposure device and the guide tube after each exposure when approaching the device or the guide tube. The survey must determine that the sealed source has returned to its shielded position before exchanging films, repositioning the exposure head, or dismantling equipment. (c) Conduct a survey of the radiographic exposure device with a calibrated radiation survey instrument any time the source is exchanged and whenever a radiographic exposure device is placed in a storage area (as defined in § 34.3), to ensure that the sealed source is in its shielded position. (d) Maintain records in accordance with § 34.85. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.8 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.51 Surveillance. | NRC | During each radiographic operation the radiographer, or the other individual present, as required by § 34.41, shall maintain continuous direct visual surveillance of the operation to protect against unauthorized entry into a high radiation area, as defined in 10 CFR part 20 of this chapter, except at permanent radiographic installations where all entryways are locked and the requirements of § 34.33 are met. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.4.94.9 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | D | Subpart D—Radiation Safety Requirements | § 34.53 Posting. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 66 FR 64738, Dec. 14, 2001] | All areas in which industrial radiography is being performed must be conspicuously posted as required by § 20.1902(a) and (b) of this chapter. Exceptions listed in § 20.1903 of this chapter do not apply to industrial radiographic operations. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.61 Records of the specific license for industrial radiography. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain a copy of its license, license conditions, documents incorporated by reference, and amendments to each of these items until superseded by new documents approved by the Commission, or until the Commission terminates the license. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.10 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.81 Copies of operating and emergency procedures. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain a copy of current operating and emergency procedures until the Commission terminates the license. Superseded material must be retained for 3 years after the change is made. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.11 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.83 Records of personnel monitoring procedures. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 65 FR 63752, Oct. 24, 2000; 85 FR 15351, Mar. 18, 2020] | Each licensee shall maintain the following exposure records specified in § 34.47: (a) Direct reading dosimeter readings and yearly operability checks required by § 34.47 (b) and (c) for 3 years after the record is made. (b) Records of alarm ratemeter calibrations for 3 years after the record is made. (c) Personnel dosimeter results until the Commission terminates the license. (d) Records of estimates of exposures as a result of: off-scale personal direct reading dosimeters, or lost or damaged personnel dosimeters until the Commission terminates the license. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.12 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.85 Records of radiation surveys. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain a record of each exposure device survey conducted before the device is placed in storage as specified in § 34.49(c), if that survey is the last one performed in the workday. Each record must be maintained for 3 years after it is made. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.13 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.87 Form of records. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 90 FR 55629, Dec. 3, 2025] | Each record required by this part must be legible throughout the specified retention period. The record may be the original or a reproduced copy or a microform provided that the copy or microform is authenticated by authorized personnel and that the microform is capable of reproducing a clear copy throughout the required retention period. The record may also be stored in electronic media with the capability for producing legible, accurate, and complete records during the required retention period. Records, such as letters, drawings, and specifications, must include all pertinent information, such as stamps, initials, and signatures. The licensee shall maintain adequate safeguards against tampering with and loss of records. This section shall cease to have effect on January 8, 2027, unless the NRC determines that the cessation deadline should be extended to a date not more than 5 years in the future after offering the public an opportunity to provide input on the costs and benefits of this section and considering that input. The NRC will publish a document in the Federal Register announcing its determination and revising or removing this section accordingly. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.14 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.89 Location of documents and records. | NRC | (a) Each licensee shall maintain copies of records required by this part and other applicable parts of this chapter at the location specified in § 34.13(k). (b) Each licensee shall also maintain copies of the following documents and records sufficient to demonstrate compliance at each applicable field station and each temporary jobsite; (1) The license authorizing the use of licensed material; (2) A copy of 10 CFR parts 19, 20, and 34 of NRC regulations; (3) Utilization records for each radiographic exposure device dispatched from that location as required by § 34.71. (4) Records of equipment problems identified in daily checks of equipment as required by § 34.73(a); (5) Records of alarm system and entrance control checks required by § 34.75, if applicable; (6) Records of direct reading dosimeters such as pocket dosimeter and/or electronic personal dosimeters readings as required by § 34.83; (7) Operating and emergency procedures required by § 34.81; (8) Evidence of the latest calibration of the radiation survey instruments in use at the site, as required by § 34.65; (9) Evidence of the latest calibrations of alarm ratemeters and operability checks of pocket dosimeters and/or electronic personal dosimeters as required by § 34.83; (10) Latest survey records required by § 34.85; (11) The shipping papers for the transportation of radioactive materials required by § 71.5 of this chapter; and (12) When operating under reciprocity pursuant to § 150.20 of this chapter, a copy of the Agreement State license authorizing the use of licensed materials. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.2 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.63 Records of receipt and transfer of sealed sources. | NRC | (a) Each licensee shall maintain records showing the receipts and transfers of sealed sources and devices using DU for shielding and retain each record for 3 years after it is made. (b) These records must include the date, the name of the individual making the record, radionuclide, number of becquerels (curies) or mass (for DU), and manufacturer, model, and serial number of each sealed source and/or device, as appropriate. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.3 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.65 Records of radiation survey instruments. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain records of the calibrations of its radiation survey instruments that are required under § 34.25 and retain each record for 3 years after it is made. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.4 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.67 Records of leak testing of sealed sources and devices containing depleted uranium. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain records of leak test results for sealed sources and for devices containing DU. The results must be stated in units of becquerels (microcuries). The licensee shall retain each record for 3 years after it is made or until the source in storage is removed. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.5 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.69 Records of quarterly inventory. | NRC | (a) Each licensee shall maintain records of the quarterly inventory of sealed sources and of devices containing depleted uranium as required by § 34.29 and retain each record for 3 years after it is made. (b) The record must include the date of the inventory, name of the individual conducting the inventory, radionuclide, number of becquerels (curies) or mass (for DU) in each device, location of sealed source and/or devices, and manufacturer, model, and serial number of each sealed source and/or device, as appropriate. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.6 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.71 Utilization logs. | NRC | (a) Each licensee shall maintain utilization logs showing for each sealed source the following information: (1) A description, including the make, model, and serial number of the radiographic exposure device or transport or storage container in which the sealed source is located; (2) The identity and signature of the radiographer to whom assigned; and (3) The plant or site where used and dates of use, including the dates removed and returned to storage. (b) The licensee shall retain the logs required by paragraph (a) of this section for 3 years after the log is made. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.7 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.73 Records of inspection and maintenance of radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated equipment, source changers, and survey instruments. | NRC | (a) Each licensee shall maintain records specified in § 34.31 of equipment problems found in daily checks and quarterly inspections of radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated equipment, source changers, and survey instruments; and retain each record for 3 years after it is made. (b) The record must include the date of check or inspection, name of inspector, equipment involved, any problems found, and what repair and/or maintenance, if any, was done. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.8 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.75 Records of alarm system and entrance control checks at permanent radiographic installations. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain records of alarm system and entrance control device tests required under § 34.33 and retain each record for 3 years after it is made. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.5.94.9 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | E | Subpart E—Recordkeeping Requirements | § 34.79 Records of training and certification. | NRC | Each licensee shall maintain the following records (of training and certification) for 3 years after the record is made: (a) Records of training of each radiographer and each radiographer's assistant. The record must include radiographer certification documents and verification of certification status, copies of written tests, dates of oral and practical examinations, and names of individuals conducting and receiving the oral and practical examinations; and (b) Records of annual refresher safety training and semi-annual inspections of job performance for each radiographer and each radiographer's assistant. The records must list the topics discussed during the refresher safety training, the dates the annual refresher safety training was conducted, and names of the instructors and attendees. For inspections of job performance, the records must also include a list showing the items checked and any non-compliances observed by the RSO. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.6.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | F | Subpart F—Notifications | § 34.101 Notifications. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 67 FR 3585, Jan. 25, 2002; 68 FR 58805, Oct. 10, 2003; 73 FR 5720, Jan. 31, 2008; 83 FR 30287, June 28, 2018] | (a) In addition to the reporting requirements specified in § 30.50 and under other sections of this chapter, such as § 21.21, each licensee shall send a written report to the NRC's Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, by an appropriate method listed in § 30.6(a) of this chapter, within 30 days of the occurrence of any of the following incidents involving radiographic equipment: (1) Unintentional disconnection of the source assembly from the control cable; (2) Inability to retract the source assembly to its fully shielded position and secure it in this position; or (3) Failure of any component (critical to safe operation of the device) to properly perform its intended function; (b) The licensee shall include the following information in each report submitted under paragraph (a) of this section, and in each report of overexposure submitted under 10 CFR 20.2203 which involves failure of safety components of radiography equipment: (1) A description of the equipment problem; (2) Cause of each incident, if known; (3) Name of the manufacturer and model number of equipment involved in the incident; (4) Place, date, and time of the incident; (5) Actions taken to establish normal operations; (6) Corrective actions taken or planned to prevent recurrence; and (7) Qualifications of personnel involved in the incident. (c) Any licensee conducting radiographic operations or storing radioactive material at any location not listed on the license for a period in excess of 180 days in a calendar year, shall notify the appropriate NRC regional office listed in § 30.6(b)(2) of this chapter prior to exceeding the 180 days. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.7.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | G | Subpart G—Exemptions | § 34.111 Applications for exemptions. | NRC | [62 FR 28963, May 28, 1997, as amended at 90 FR 55629, Dec. 3, 2025] | The Commission may, upon application of any interested person or upon its own initiative, grant an exemption from the requirements of the regulations in this part if it determines the exemption is authorized by law and would not endanger life or property or the common defense and security and is otherwise in the public interest. This section shall cease to have effect on January 8, 2027, unless the NRC determines that the cessation deadline should be extended to a date not more than 5 years in the future after offering the public an opportunity to provide input on the costs and benefits of this section and considering that input. The NRC will publish a document in the Federal Register announcing its determination and revising or removing this section accordingly. | ||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.8.94.1 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | H | Subpart H—Violations | § 34.121 Violations. | NRC | (a) The Commission may obtain an injunction or other court order to prevent a violation of the provisions of— (1) The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended; (2) Title II of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, as amended; or (3) A regulation or order issued pursuant to these Acts. (b) The Commission may obtain a court order for the payment of a civil penalty imposed under Section 234 of the Atomic Energy Act; (1) For violations of— (i) Sections 53, 57, 62, 63, 81, 82, 101, 103, 104, 107, or 109 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended; (ii) Section 206 of the Energy Reorganization Act; (iii) Any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to the sections specified in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section. (iv) Any term, condition, or limitation of any license issued under the sections specified in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section. (2) For any violation for which a license may be revoked under section 186 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended. | |||||
| 10:10:1.0.1.1.24.8.94.2 | 10 | Energy | I | 34 | PART 34—LICENSES FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY AND RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS | H | Subpart H—Violations | § 34.123 Criminal penalties. | NRC | (a) Section 223 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1952, as amended, provides for criminal sanctions for willful violation of, attempted violation of, or conspiracy to violate, any regulation issued under one or more of §§ 161b, 161i, or 161o of the Act. For purposes of Section 223, all the regulations in 10 CFR part 34 are issued under one or more of §§ 161b, 161i, or 161o, except for the sections listed in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) The regulations in 10 CFR part 34 that are not issued under sections 161b, 161i, or 161o for the purposes of Section 223 are as follows: §§ 34.1, 34.3, 34.5, 34.8, 34.11, 34.13, 34.111, 34.121, 34.123. |
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chapter TEXT,
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