cfr_sections
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87 rows where part_number = 175 sorted by section_id
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| section_id ▼ | title_number | title_name | chapter | subchapter | part_number | part_name | subpart | subpart_name | section_number | section_heading | agency | authority | source_citation | amendment_citations | full_text |
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| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.2.1.1 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | B | Subpart B—Substances for Use Only as Components of Adhesives | § 175.105 Adhesives. | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977; 42 FR 56728, Oct. 28, 1977] | (a) Adhesives may be safely used as components of articles intended for use in packaging, transporting, or holding food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (1) The adhesive is prepared from one or more of the optional substances named in paragraph (c) of this section, subject to any prescribed limitations. (2) The adhesive is either separated from the food by a functional barrier or used subject to the following additional limitations: (i) In dry foods. The quantity of adhesive that contacts packaged dry food shall not exceed the limits of good manufacturing practice. (ii) In fatty and aqueous foods. ( a ) The quantity of adhesive that contacts packaged fatty and aqueous foods shall not exceed the trace amount at seams and at the edge exposure between packaging laminates that may occur within the limits of good manufacturing practice. ( b ) Under normal conditions of use the packaging seams or laminates will remain firmly bonded without visible separation. (b) To assure safe usage of adhesives, the label of the finished adhesive container shall bear the statement “food-packaging adhesive”. (c) Subject to any limitation prescribed in this section and in any other regulation promulgated under section 409 of the Act which prescribes safe conditions of use for substances that may be employed as constituents of adhesives, the optional substances used in the formulation of adhesives may include the following: (1) Substances generally recognized as safe for use in food or food packaging. (2) Substances permitted for use in adhesives by prior sanction or approval and employed under the specific conditions of use prescribed by such sanction or approval. (3) Flavoring substances permitted for use in food by regulations in this part, provided that such flavoring substances are volatilized from the adhesives during the packaging fabrication process. (4) Color additives approved for use in food. (5) Substances permitted for use in adhesives by other regulations in this subchapter and substa… | |||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.2.1.2 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | B | Subpart B—Substances for Use Only as Components of Adhesives | § 175.125 Pressure-sensitive adhesives. | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 42 FR 15674, Mar. 22, 1977; 48 FR 15617, Apr. 12, 1983; 63 FR 3464, Jan. 23, 1998; 63 FR 51528, Sept. 28, 1998; 64 FR 48291, Sept. 3, 1999] | Pressure-sensitive adhesives may be safely used as the food-contact surface of labels and/or tapes applied to food, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) Pressure-sensitive adhesives prepared from one or a mixture of two or more of the substances listed in this paragraph may be used as the food-contact surface of labels and/or tapes applied to poultry, dry food, and processed, frozen, dried, or partially dehydrated fruits or vegetables. (1) Substances generally recognized as safe in food. (2) Substances used in accordance with a prior sanction or approval. (3) Color additives listed for use in or on food in parts 73 and 74 of this chapter. (4) Substances identified in § 172.615 of this chapter other than substances used in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section. (5) Polyethylene, oxidized; complying with the identity prescribed in § 177.1620(a) of this chapter. (6) 4-[[4, 6-Bis(octylthio)- s -triazin-2-yl]amino]-2,6-di- tert -butylphenol (CAS Reg. No. 991-84-4) as an antioxidant/stabilizer at a level not to exceed 1.5 percent by weight of the finished pressure-sensitive adhesive. (7) 2,2′-(2,5-Thiophenediyl)-bis(5- tert -butylbenzoxazole) (CAS Reg. No. 7128-64-5) as an optical brightener at a level not to exceed 0.05 percent by weight of the finished pressure-sensitive adhesive. (8) 2-Hydroxy-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone (CAS Reg. No. 106797-53-9) as a photoinitiator at a level not to exceed 5 percent by weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. (9) Butanedioic acid, sulfo-1,4-di-(C 9 -C 11 alkyl) ester, ammonium salt (also known as butanedioic acid sulfo-1, 4-diisodecyl ester, ammonium salt [CAS Reg. No. 144093-88-9]) as a surface active agent at a level not to exceed 3.0 percent by weight of the finished pressure-sensitive adhesive. (b) Pressure-sensitive adhesives prepared from one or a mixture of two or more of the substances listed in this paragraph may be used as the food-contact surface of labels and/or tapes applied to raw fruit and raw v… | |||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.1 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.210 Acrylate ester copolymer coating. | FDA | Acrylate ester copolymer coating may safely be used as a food-contact surface of articles intended for packaging and holding food, including heating of prepared food, subject to the provisions of this section: (a) The acrylate ester copolymer is a fully polymerized copolymer of ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid applied in emulsion form to molded virgin fiber and heat-cured to an insoluble resin. (b) Optional substances used in the preparation of the polymer and in the preparation and application of the emulsion may include substances named in this paragraph, in an amount not to exceed that required to accomplish the desired technical effect and subject to any limitation prescribed: Provided, however, That any substance named in this paragraph and covered by a specific regulation in subchapter B of this chapter must meet any specifications in such regulation. (c) The coating in the form in which it contacts food meets the following tests: (1) An appropriate sample when exposed to distilled water at 212 °F for 30 minutes shall yield total chloroform-soluble extractables not to exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch. (2) An appropriate sample when exposed to n- heptane at 120 °F for 30 minutes shall yield total chloroform-soluble extractables not to exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch. | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.10 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.365 Vinylidene chloride copolymer coatings for polycarbonate film. | FDA | Vinylidene chloride copolymer coatings identified in this section and applied on polycarbonate film may be safely used as food-contact surfaces, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) The coating is applied as a continuous film over one or both sides of a base film produced from polycarbonate resins complying with § 177.1580 of this chapter. (b) The coatings are prepared from vinylidene chloride copolymers produced by copolymerizing vinylidene chloride with acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. The finished copolymers contain at least 50 weight-percent of polymer units derived from vinyldene chloride. (c) Optional adjuvant substances employed in the production of the coatings or added thereto to impart desired properties may include sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in addition to substances described in § 174.5(d) of this chapter. (d) The coating in the finished form in which it is to contact food, when extracted with the solvent or solvents characterizing the type of food, and under the conditions of time and temperature characterizing the conditions of its intended use as determined from tables 1 and 2 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter, shall yield net chloroform-soluble extractives in each extracting solvent not to exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch of coated surface as determined by the methods described in § 176.170(d) of this chapter. In testing the finished food-contact articles, a separate test sample is to be used for each required extracting solvent. (e) Acrylonitrile copolymers identified in this section shall comply with the provisons of § 180.22 of this chapter. | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.11 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.380 Xylene-formaldehyde resins condensed with 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol-epichlorohydrin epoxy resins. | FDA | The resins identified in paragraph (a) of this section may be safely used as a food-contact coating for articles intended for use in contact with food, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions. (a) The resins are produced by the condensation of xylene-formaldehyde resin and 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol-epichlorohydrin epoxy resins, to which may have been added certain optional adjuvant substances required in the production of the resins or added to impart desired physical and technical properties. The optional adjuvant substances may include resins produced by the condensation of allyl ether of mono-, di-, or trimethylol phenol and capryl alcohol and also may include substances identified in § 175.300(b)(3), with the exception of paragraph (b)(3)(xxxi) and (xxxii) of that section. (b) The resins identified in paragraph (a) of this section may be used as a food-contact coating for articles intended for contact at temperatures not to exceed 160 °F with food of Types I, II, VI-A and B, and VIII described in table 1 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter provided that the coating in the finished form in which it is to contact food meets the following extractives limitations when tested by the methods provided in § 175.300(e): (1) The coating when extracted with distilled water at 180 °F for 24 hours yields total extractives not to exceed 0.05 milligram per square inch of food-contact surface. (2) The coating when extracted with 8 percent (by volume) ethyl alcohol in distilled water at 160 °F for 4 hours yields total extractives not to exceed 0.05 milligram per square inch of food-contact surface. (c) The resins identified in paragraph (a) of this section may be used as a food-contact coating for articles intended for contact at temperatures not to exceed room temperature with food of Type VI-C described in table 1 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter provided the coating in the finished form in which it is to contact food meets the following extractives limitations when tested by the methods provided in § 175.3… | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.12 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.390 Zinc-silicon dioxide matrix coatings. | FDA | Zinc-silicon dioxide matrix coatings may be safely used as the food-contact surface of articles intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting, or holding food, subject to the provisions of this section; (a) The coating is applied to a metal surface, cured, and washed with water to remove soluble substances. (b) The coatings are formulated from optional substances which include: (1) Substances generally recognized as safe. (2) Substances for which safe conditions of use have been prescribed in § 175.300. (3) Substances identified in paragraph (c) of this section, subject to the limitations prescribed. (c) The optional substances permitted are as follows: (d) The coating in the finished form in which it is to contact food, when extracted with the solvent or solvents characterizing the type of food, and under the conditions of its intended use as shown in table 1 and 2 of § 175.300(d) (using 20 percent alcohol as the solvent when the type of food contains approximately 20 percent alcohol) shall yield total extractives not to exceed those prescribed in § 175.300(c)(3); lithium extractives not to exceed 0.025 milligram per square inch of surface; and chromium extractives not to exceed 0.05 microgram per square inch of surface. (e) The coatings are used as food-contact surfaces for bulk reusable containers intended for storing, handling, and transporting food. | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.2 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.230 Hot-melt strippable food coatings. | FDA | Hot-melt strippable food coatings may be safely applied to food, subject to the provisions of this section. (a) The coatings are applied to and used as removable coatings for food. (b) The coatings may be prepared, as mixtures, from the following substances: (1) Substances generally recognized as safe in food. (2) Substances identified in this subparagraph. | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.3 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.250 Paraffin (synthetic). | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 11839, Mar. 19, 1982; 49 FR 10106, Mar. 19, 1984; 51 FR 47010, Dec. 30, 1986; 60 FR 39645, Aug. 3, 1995] | Synthetic paraffin may be safely used as an impregnant in, coating on, or component of coatings on articles used in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting, or holding food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) The additive is synthesized by the Fischer-Tropsch process from carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which are catalytically converted to a mixture of paraffin hydrocarbons. Lower molecular-weight fractions are removed by distillation. The residue is hydrogenated and may be further treated by percolation through activated charcoal. This mixture can be fractionated into its components by a solvent separation method, using synthetic isoparaffinic petroleum hydrocarbons complying with § 178.3530 of this chapter. (b) Synthetic paraffin shall conform to the following specifications: (1) Congealing point. There is no specification for the congealing point of synthetic paraffin components, except those components that have a congealing point below 50 °C when used in contact with food Types III, IVA, V, VIIA, and IX identified in table 1 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter and under conditions of use E, F, and G described in table 2 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter shall be limited to a concentration not exceeding 15 percent by weight of the finished coating. The congealing point shall be determined by ASTM method D938-71 (Reapproved 1981), “Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum,” which is incorporated by reference. Copies may be obtained from the American Society for Testing Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, Philadelphia, PA 19428-2959, or may be examined at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (2) Oil content. The substance has an oil content not exceeding 2.5 percent as determined by … | |||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.4 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.260 Partial phosphoric acid esters of polyester resins. | FDA | Partial phosphoric acid esters of polyester resins identified in this section and applied on aluminum may be safely used as food-contact coatings, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) For the purpose of this section, partial phosphoric acid esters of polyester resins are prepared by the reaction of trimellitic anhydride with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol followed by reaction of the resin thus produced with phosphoric acid anhydride to produce a resin having an acid number of 81 to 98 and a phosphorus content of 4.05 to 4.65 percent by weight. (b) The coating is chemically bonded to the metal and cured at temperatures exceeding 450 °F. (c) The finished food-contact coating, when extracted with the solvent or solvents characterizing the type of food and under the conditions of time and temperature characterizing the conditions of its intended use, as determined from tables 1 and 2 of § 175.300(d), yields total extractives in each extracting solvent not to exceed 0.3 milligrams per square inch of food-contact surface, as determined by the methods described in § 175.300(e), and the coating yields 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol in each extracting solvent not to exceed 0.3 micrograms per square inch of food-contact surface. In testing the finished food-contact articles, a separate test sample is to be used for each required extracting solvent. | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.5 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.270 Poly(vinyl fluoride) resins. | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 11839, Mar. 19, 1982; 49 FR 10107, Mar. 19, 1984] | Poly(vinyl fluoride) resins identified in this section may be safely used as components of food-contact coatings for containers having a capacity of not less than 5 gallons, subject to the provisions of this section. (a) For the purpose of this section, poly(vinyl fluoride) resins consist of basic resins produced by the polymerization of vinyl fluoride. (b) The poly(vinyl fluoride) basic resins have an intrinsic viscosity of not less than 0.75 deciliter per gram as determined by ASTM method D1243-79, “Standard Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers,” which is incorporated by reference. Copies may be obtained from the American Society for Testing Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, Philadelphia, PA 19428-2959, or may be examined at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) Solvent. N,N- Dimethylacetamide, technical grade. (2) Solution. Powdered resin and solvent are heated at 120 °C until the resin is dissolved. (3) Temperature. Flow times of the solvent and solution are determined at 110 °C. (4) Viscometer. Cannon-Ubbelohde size 50 semimicro dilution viscometer (or equivalent). (5) Calculation. The calculation method used is that described in appendix X 1.3 (ASTM method D1243-79, “Standard Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers,” which is incorporated by reference; see paragraph (b) of this section for availability of the incorporation by reference) with the reduced viscosity determined for three concentration levels not greater than 0.5 gram per deciliter and extrapolated to zero concentration for intrinsic viscosity. The following formula is used for determining reduced viscosity: where: t = Solution efflux time. to = Solvent efflux time. c = Concentration of solution in terms of grams per deciliter. where: t … | |||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.6 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.300 Resinous and polymeric coatings. | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977] | Resinous and polymeric coatings may be safely used as the food-contact surface of articles intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting, or holding food, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) The coating is applied as a continuous film or enamel over a metal substrate, or the coating is intended for repeated food-contact use and is applied to any suitable substrate as a continuous film or enamel that serves as a functional barrier between the food and the substrate. The coating is characterized by one or more of the following descriptions: (1) Coatings cured by oxidation. (2) Coatings cured by polymerization, condensation, and/or cross-linking without oxidation. (3) Coatings prepared from prepolymerized substances. (b) The coatings are formulated from optional substances that may include: (1) Substances generally recognized as safe in food. (2) Substances the use of which is permitted by regulations in this part or which are permitted by prior sanction or approval and employed under the specific conditions, if any, of the prior sanction or approval. (3) Any substance employed in the production of resinous and polymeric coatings that is the subject of a regulation in subchapter B of this chapter and conforms with any specification in such regulation. Substances named in this paragraph (b)(3) and further identified as required: (i) Drying oils, including the triglycerides or fatty acids derived therefrom: Beechnut. Candlenut. Castor (including dehydrated). Chinawood (tung). Coconut. Corn. Cottonseed. Fish (refined). Hempseed. Linseed. Oiticica. Perilla. Poppyseed. Pumpkinseed. Safflower. Sesame. Soybean. Sunflower. Tall oil. Walnut. Beechnut. Candlenut. Castor (including dehydrated). Chinawood (tung). Coconut. Corn. Cottonseed. Fish (refined). Hempseed. Linseed. Oiticica. Perilla. Poppyseed. Pumpkinseed. Safflower. Sesame. Soybean. Sunflower. … | |||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.7 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.320 Resinous and polymeric coatings for polyolefin films. | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 7206, Feb. 21, 1978; 45 FR 6541, Jan. 29, 1980; 47 FR 22512, May 25, 1982; 49 FR 36497, Sept. 18, 1984; 50 FR 47209, Nov. 15, 1985; 56 FR 49674, Oct. 1, 1991; 61 FR 14246, Apr. 1, 1996; 63 FR 71017, Dec. 23, 1998; 64 FR 2568, Jan. 15, 1999; 65 FR 6892, Feb. 11, 2000; 65 FR 37041, June 13, 2000; 87 FR 31089, May 20, 2022] | Resinous and polymeric coatings may be safely used as the food-contact surface of articles intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting, or holding food, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) The coating is applied as a continuous film over one or both sides of a base film produced from one or more of the basic olefin polymers complying with § 177.1520 of this chapter. The base polyolefin film may contain optional adjuvant substances permitted for use in polyolefin film by applicable regulations in parts 170 through 189 of this chapter. (b) The coatings are formulated from optional substances which are: (1) Substances generally recognized as safe for use in or on food. (2) Substances the use of which is permitted under applicable regulations in parts 170 through 189 of this chapter, by prior sanctions, or approvals. (3) Substances identified in this paragraph (b)(3) and subject to such limitations as are provided: (c) The coating in the finished form in which it is to contact food, when extracted with the solvent or solvents characterizing the type of food, and under conditions of time and temperature characterizing the conditions of its intended use as determined from tables 1 and 2 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter, shall yield net chloroform-soluble extractives not to exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch of coated surface. (d) Acrylonitrile copolymers identified in this section shall comply with the provisions of § 180.22 of this chapter. | |||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.8 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.350 Vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymer. | FDA | A copolymer of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid may be safely used as a coating or as a component of a coating which is the food-contact surface of polyolefin films intended for packaging food, subject to the provisions of this section. (a) The copolymer may contain added optional substances to impart desired properties. (b) The quantity of any optional substance does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish the intended physical or technical effect nor any limitations further provided. (c) Any optional substance that is the subject of a regulation in parts 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, and § 179.45 of this chapter conforms with any specifications in such regulation. (d) Optional substances as provided in paragraph (a) of this section include: (1) Substances generally recognized as safe in food. (2) Substances subject to prior sanction or approval for uses with a copolymer of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid and used in accordance with such sanction or approval. (3) Substances identified in this subparagraph and subject to such limitations as are provided: (e) Copolymer of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid used as a coating or as a component of a coating conforming with the specifications of paragraph (e)(1) of this section are used as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this section. (1) Specifications. (i) The chloroform-soluble portion of the water extractives of the coated film obtained with distilled water at 120 °F for 24 hours does not exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch of coated surface. (ii) The chloroform-soluble portion of the n- heptane extractives of the coated film obtained with n- heptane at 70 °F for 30 minutes does not exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch of coated surface. (2) Conditions of use. The copolymer of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid is used as a coating or as a component of a coating for polyolefin films for packaging bakery products and confectionery. | ||||
| 21:21:3.0.1.1.6.3.1.9 | 21 | Food and Drugs | I | B | 175 | PART 175—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS | C | Subpart C—Substances for Use as Components of Coatings | § 175.360 Vinylidene chloride copolymer coatings for nylon film. | FDA | [42 FR 14534, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 7206, Feb. 21, 1978; 45 FR 76998, Nov. 21, 1980; 47 FR 54430, Dec. 3, 1982] | Vinylidene chloride copolymer coatings identified in this section and applied on nylon film may be safely used as food-contact surfaces, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: (a) The coating is applied as a continuous film over one or both sides of a base film produced from nylon resins complying with § 177.1500 of this chapter. (b) The coatings are prepared from vinylidene chloride copolymers produced by copolymerizing vinylidene chloride with one or more of the monomers acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, ethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate (CAS Reg. No. 80-62-6; maximum use level 6 weight percent) and 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate (CAS Reg. No. 10595-80-9; maximum use level 1 weight percent). The finished copolymers contain at least 50 weight percent of polymer units derived from vinylidene chloride. The finished coating produced from vinylidene chloride copolymers produced by copolymerizing vinylidene chloride with methyl methacrylate and/or 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, or with methyl methacrylate and/or 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate together with one or more of the other monomers from this section, is restricted to use at or below room temperature. (c) Optional adjuvant substances employed in the production of the coatings or added thereto to impart desired properties may include sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. (d) The coating in the finished form in which it is to contact food, when extracted with the solvent or solvents characterizing the type of food, and under conditions of time and temperature characterizing the conditions of its intended use as determined from tables 1 and 2 of § 176.170(c) of this chapter, shall yield net chloroform-soluble extractives not to exceed 0.5 milligram per square inch of coated surface when tested by the methods described in § 176.170(d) of this chapter. (e) Acrylonitrile copolymers identified in this section shall comply with the provisions of § 180.22 of this chapter. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.1.228.1 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General | § 175.1 Applicability. | USCG | [CGD 72-120R, 38 FR 8115, Mar. 28, 1973, as amended by CGD 92-045, 58 FR 41607, Aug. 4, 1993] | This part prescribes rules governing the use of boats on waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and on the high seas beyond the territorial seas for boats owned in the United States except: (a) Foreign boats temporarily using waters subject to U.S. jurisdiction; (b) Military or public boats of the United States, except recreational-type public vessels; (c) A boat whose owner is a State or subdivision thereof, which is used principally for governmental purposes, and which is clearly identifiable as such; (d) Ship's lifeboats. (e) Seaplanes on the water. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.1.228.2 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General | § 175.3 Definitions. | USCG | [CGD 92-045, 58 FR 41607, Aug. 4, 1993, as amended by USCG-1999-5040, 67 FR 34759, May 15, 2002; USCG-2000-8589, 67 FR 42493, June 24, 2002; USCG-2018-0099, 86 FR 58571, Oct. 22, 2021] | As used in this part: Boat means any vessel— (1) Manufactured or used primarily for noncommercial use; (2) Leased, rented, or chartered to another for the latter's noncommercial use; or (3) Operated as an uninspected passenger vessel subject to the requirements of 46 CFR chapter I, subchapter C. Model year means the period beginning June 1 of a year and ending on July 31 of the following year and being designated by the year in which it ends. Passenger means an individual carried on a vessel except— (1) The owner or an individual representative of the owner or, in the case of a vessel chartered without a crew, an individual charterer, or an individual representative of the charterer; (2) The master or operator of a recreational vessel; or (3) A member of the crew engaged in the business of the vessel, who has not contributed consideration for carriage, and who is paid for onboard services. Racing shell, rowing scull, racing canoe, and racing kayak means a manually propelled vessel that is recognized by national or international racing associations for use in competitive racing and one in which all occupants row, scull, or paddle, with the exception of a coxswain, if one is provided, and is not designed to carry and does not carry any equipment not solely for competitive racing. Recreational vessel means any vessel being manufactured or operated primarily for pleasure, or leased, rented, or chartered to another for the latter's pleasure. It does not include a vessel engaged in the carriage of passengers-for-hire as defined in 46 CFR chapter I, subchapter C, or in other subchapters of this title. Sailboard means a sail propelled vessel with no freeboard and equipped with a swivel mounted mast not secured to a hull by guys or stays. State means a State or Territory of the United States of America, whether a State of the United States, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, or the United States Virgin Islands. Use means ope… | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.1.228.3 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | A | Subpart A—General | § 175.5 Exemption from preemption. | USCG | [CGD 92-045, 58 FR 41608, Aug. 4, 1993] | The States are exempted from preemption by Federal regulations when establishing, continuing in effect, or enforcing State laws and regulations on the wearing or the carriage of personal flotation devices directly related to the following subject areas within the jurisdictional boundaries of the State: (a) Children on board any vessel; (b) Operating a canoe or kayak; (c) Operating a sailboard; and (d) Operating a personal watercraft. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.1 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.11 Applicability. | USCG | [CGD 92-045, 58 FR 41608, Aug. 4, 1993] | This subpart applies to all recreational vessels that are propelled or controlled by machinery, sails, oars, paddles, poles, or another vessel. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.2 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.13 Definitions. | USCG | [USCG-2013-0263, 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014] | As used in this subpart: Personal flotation device or PFD means a device that is approved by the Commandant under 46 CFR part 160. Throwable PFD means a PFD that is intended to be thrown to a person in the water. A PFD marked as Type IV or Type V with Type IV performance is considered a throwable PFD. Unless specifically marked otherwise, a wearable PFD is not a throwable PFD. Wearable PFD means a PFD that is intended to be worn or otherwise attached to the body. A PFD marked as Type I, Type II, Type III, or Type V with Type (I, II or III) performance is considered a wearable PFD. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.3 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.15 Personal flotation devices required. | USCG | [CGD 81-023, 55 FR 32034, Aug. 6, 1990, as amended by CGD 92-045, 58 FR 41608, Aug. 4, 1993; USCG-2000-8589, 67 FR 42493, June 24, 2002; USCG-2013-0263, 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014] | Except as provided in §§ 175.17 and 175.25: (a) No person may use a recreational vessel unless— (1) At least one wearable PFD is on board for each person; (2) Each PFD is used in accordance with any requirements on the approval label; and (3) Each PFD is used in accordance with any requirements in its owner's manual, if the approval label makes reference to such a manual. (b) No person may use a recreational vessel 16 feet or more in length unless one throwable PFD is onboard in addition to the total number of wearable PFDs required in paragraph (a) of this section. (c) No person may operate a recreational vessel under way with any child under 13 years old aboard unless each such child is either— (1) Wearing an appropriate PFD approved by the Coast Guard; or (2) Below decks or in an enclosed cabin. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.4 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.17 Exemptions. | USCG | [USCG-2013-0263, 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014] | (a) Canoes and kayaks 16 feet or more in length are exempted from the requirements for carriage of the additional throwable PFD required under § 175.15(b). (b) Racing shells, rowing sculls, racing canoes, and racing kayaks are exempted from the requirements for carriage of any PFD required under § 175.15. (c) Sailboards are exempted from the requirements for carriage of any PFD required under § 175.15. (d) Vessels of the United States used by foreign competitors while practicing for or racing in competition are exempted from the carriage of any PFD required under § 175.15, provided the vessel carries one of the sponsoring foreign country's acceptable flotation devices for each foreign competitor onboard. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.5 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.19 Stowage. | USCG | [USCG-2013-0263, 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014] | (a) No person may use a recreational boat unless each wearable PFD required by § 175.15 is readily accessible. (b) No person may use a recreational boat unless each throwable PFD required by § 175.15 is immediately available. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.6 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.21 Condition; size and fit; approval marking. | USCG | [CGD 81-023, 55 FR 32034, Aug. 6, 1990, as amended by CGD93-055, 61 FR 13926, Mar. 28, 1996; USCG-2013-0263, 79 FR 56499, Sept. 22, 2014] | No person may use a recreational boat unless each PFD required by § 175.15 is— (a) In serviceable condition as provided in § 175.23; (b) Of an appropriate size and fit for the intended wearer, as marked on the approval label; and (c) Legibly marked with its approval number, as specified in 46 CFR part 160. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.7 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.23 Serviceable condition. | USCG | [CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13926, Mar. 28, 1996] | A PFD is considered to be in serviceable condition for purposes of § 175.21(a) only if the following conditions are met: (a) No PFD may exhibit deterioration that could diminish the performance of the PFD, including— (1) Metal or plastic hardware used to secure the PFD on the wearer that is broken, deformed, or weakened by corrosion; (2) Webbings or straps used to secure the PFD on the wearer that are ripped, torn, or which have become separated from an attachment point on the PFD; or (3) Any other rotted or deteriorated structural component that fails when tugged. (b) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, no inherently buoyant PFD, including the inherently buoyant components of a hybrid inflatable PFD, may exhibit— (1) Rips, tears, or open seams in fabric or coatings, that are large enough to allow the loss of buoyant material; (2) Buoyant material that has become hardened, non-resilient, permanently compressed, waterlogged, oil-soaked, or which shows evidence of fungus or mildew; or (3) Loss of buoyant material or buoyant material that is not securely held in position. (c) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, an inflatable PFD, including the inflatable components of a hybrid inflatable PFD, must be equipped with— (1) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, a properly armed inflation mechanism, complete with a full inflation medium cartridge and all status indicators showing that the inflation mechanism is properly armed; (2) Inflatable chambers that are all capable of holding air; (3) Oral inflation tubes that are not blocked, detached, or broken; (4) A manual inflation lanyard or lever that is not inaccessible, broken, or missing; and (5) Inflator status indicators that are not broken or otherwise non-functional. (d) The inflation system of an inflatable PFD need not be armed when the PFD is worn inflated and otherwise meets the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (c) of this section. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.2.228.8 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | B | Subpart B—Personal Flotation Devices | § 175.25 Enforcement of State requirements for children to wear personal flotation devices. | USCG | [USCG-2000-8589, 69 FR 45591, July 30, 2004] | (a) This section applies to operators of recreational vessels on waters subject to the jurisdiction of any State that has established by statute a requirement for children of a certain age to wear an appropriate PFD approved by the Coast Guard, while aboard a recreational vessel. (b) If the applicable State statute establishes any requirement for children of a certain age to wear an appropriate PFD approved by the Coast Guard, then that requirement applies on the waters subject to the State's jurisdiction instead of the requirement provided in § 175.15(c) of this part. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.1 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.101 Applicability. | USCG | [CGD 76-183, 44 FR 73024, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by USCG-1998-3799, 63 FR 35534, June 30, 1998] | This subpart applies to boats on the coastal waters of the United States and on the high seas beyond the territorial seas for boats owned in the United States. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.10 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.135 Existing equipment. | USCG | [CGD 76-183, 44 FR 73024, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD 81-038-A, 47 FR 24548, June 7, 1982; USCG-1998-3799, 63 FR 35534, June 30, 1998] | Launchers manufactured before 1 January, 1981, which do not have approval numbers are acceptable for use with meteor or parachute signals listed in Table 175.130 under § 175.130 as long as they remain in serviceable condition. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.11 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.140 Prohibited use. | USCG | No person in a boat shall display a visual distress signal on waters to which this subpart applies under any circumstance except a situation where assistance is needed because of immediate or potential danger to the persons on board. | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.2 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.105 Definitions. | USCG | [CGD 76-183, 44 FR 73024, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by CGD 82-073, 49 FR 7119, Feb. 27, 1984; 49 FR 20815, May 17, 1984] | (a) Visual distress signal means a device that is approved by the Commandant under 46 CFR part 160 or certified by the manufacturer under 46 CFR parts 160 and 161. (b) Coastal waters means: (1) The U.S. waters of the Great Lakes (Lake Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, and Superior); (2) The territorial seas of the United States; and (3) Those waters directly connected to the Great Lakes and territorial seas ( i.e. , bays, sounds, harbors, rivers, inlets, etc.) where any entrance exceeds 2 nautical miles between opposite shorelines to the first point where the largest distance between shorelines narrows to 2 miles, as shown on the current edition of the appropriate National Ocean Service chart used for navigation. Shorelines of islands or points of land present within a waterway are considered when determining the distance between opposite shorelines. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.3 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.110 Visual distress signals required. | USCG | [CGD 76-183, 44 FR 73024, Dec. 17, 1979, as amended by USCG-1999-5040, 67 FR 34760, May 15, 2002] | (a) No person may use a boat 16 feet or more in length, or any boat operating as an uninspected passenger vessel subject to the requirements of 46 CFR chapter I, subchapter C, unless visual distress signals selected from the list in § 175.130 or the alternatives in § 175.135, in the number required, are onboard. Devices suitable for day use and devices suitable for night use, or devices suitable for both day and night use, must be carried. (b) Between sunset and sunrise, no person may use a boat less than 16 feet in length unless visual distress signals suitable for night use, selected from the list in § 175.130 or § 175.135, in the number required, are on board. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.4 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.113 Launchers. | USCG | (a) When a visual distress signal carried to meet the requirements of § 175.110 requires a launcher to activate, then a launcher approved under 46 CFR 160.028 must also be carried. | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.5 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.115 Exceptions. | USCG | The following persons need not comply with § 175.110; however, each must carry on board visual distress signals suitable for night use, selected from the list in § 175.130 or § 175.135, in the number required, between sunset and sunrise: (a) A person competing in any organized marine parade, regatta, race, or similar event; (b) A person using a manually propelled boat; or (c) A person using a sailboat of completely open construction, not equipped with propulsion machinery, under 26′ in length. | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.6 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.120 Stowage. | USCG | [CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13926, Mar. 28, 1996, as amended by USCG-1999-5832, 64 FR 34715, June 29, 1999] | No person may use a boat unless the visual distress signals required by § 175.110 are readily accessible. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.7 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.125 Serviceability. | USCG | [CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13926, Mar. 28, 1996, as amended by USCG-1999-5832, 64 FR 34715, June 29, 1999] | No person may use a boat unless each signal required by § 175.110 is in serviceable condition and the service life of the signal, if indicated by a date marked on the signal, has not expired. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.8 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.128 Marking. | USCG | [CGD 93-055, 61 FR 13926, Mar. 28, 1996, as amended by USCG-1999-5832, 64 FR 34715, June 29, 1999] | No person may use a boat unless each signal required by § 175.110 is legibly marked with the approval number or certification statement as specified in 46 CFR parts 160 and 161. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.3.228.9 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | C | Subpart C—Visual Distress Signals | § 175.130 Visual distress signals accepted. | USCG | [CGD 81-038-A, 47 FR 24548, June 7, 1982] | (a) Any of the following signals, when carried in the number required, can be used to meet the requirements of § 175.110: (1) An electric distress light meeting the standards of 46 CFR 161.013. One is required to meet the night only requirement. (2) An orange flag meeting the standards of 46 CFR 160.072. One is required to meet the day only requirement. (3) Pyrotechnics meeting the standards noted in Table 175.130. (b) Any combination of signal devices selected from the types noted in paragraphs (a) (1), (2) and (3) of this section, when carried in the number required, may be used to meet both day and night requirements. Examples —the combination of two hand held red flares (160.021), and one parachute red flare (160.024 or 160.036) meets both day and night requirements. Three hand held orange smoke (160.037) with one electric distress light (161.013) meet both day and night requirements. Table 175.130—Pyrotechnic Signal Devices 1 These signals require use in combination with a suitable launching device approved under 46 CFR 160.028. 2 These devices may be either meteor or parachute assisted type. Some of these signals may require use in combination with a suitable launching device approved under 46 CFR 160.028. 3 Must have manufacture date of 1 Oct. 1980 or later. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.4.228.1 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | D | Subpart D—Ventilation | § 175.201 Ventilation. | USCG | [CGD 76-082, 44 FR 73027, Dec. 17, 1979] | No person may operate a boat built after July 31, 1980, that has a gasoline engine for electrical generation, mechanical power, or propulsion unless it is equipped with an operable ventilation system that meets the requirements of 33 CFR 183.610 (a), (b), (d), (e), and (f) and 183.620(a). | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.1 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.301 Applicability. | USCG | (a) This subpart applies to recreational vessels that are propelled or controlled by propulsion machinery. (b) Recreational vessels constructed prior to August 22, 2016, will be deemed built before model year 2017 and must meet the requirements of 33 CFR 175.380. (c) Recreational vessels constructed prior to November 19, 1952, will be deemed built before model year 1953 and must meet the requirements of 33 CFR 175.390. | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.2 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.305 General provisions. | USCG | Where fire extinguishing equipment in this subpart is required to be of an approved type, such equipment must be approved as provided in 46 CFR chapter I, subchapter Q. A listing of current and formerly approved equipment and materials may be found on the internet at: https://cgmix.uscg.mil/equipment. Each OCMI may be contacted for information concerning approved equipment. | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.3 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.310 Portable fire extinguishers and semi-portable fire extinguishing systems. | USCG | (a) All portable and semi-portable fire extinguishers must— (1) Be on board and readily accessible; (2) Be of an approved type; (3) Not be expired or appear to have been previously used; and (4) Be maintained in good and serviceable working condition, meaning: (i) If the extinguisher has a pressure gauge reading or indicator it must be in the operable range or position; (ii) The lock pin is firmly in place; (iii) The discharge nozzle is clean and free of obstruction; and (iv) The extinguisher does not show visible signs of significant corrosion or damage. (b) Vaporizing-liquid type fire extinguishers containing carbon tetrachloride, chlorobromomethane, or other toxic vaporizing liquids, are not acceptable as equipment required by this subpart. (c) Portable or semi-portable extinguishers that are required by their name plates to be protected from freezing must not be located where freezing temperatures may be expected. (d) The use of dry chemical stored pressure fire extinguishers not fitted with pressure gauges or indicating devices, manufactured prior to January 1, 1965, is permitted on board recreational vessels if such extinguishers are maintained in good and serviceable condition. The following maintenance and inspections are required for such extinguishers: (1) When the date on the inspection record tag on the extinguishers shows that 6 months have elapsed since the last weight check ashore, then such extinguishers are no longer accepted as meeting required maintenance conditions until they are reweighed ashore, found to be in a serviceable condition, and within required weight conditions. (2) If the weight of the container is 1/4 ounce less than that stamped on the container, it must be serviced. (3) If the outer seal or seals (which indicate tampering or use when broken) are not intact, the boarding officer or marine inspector will inspect such extinguishers to see that the frangible disc in the neck of the container is intact; and, if such disc is not intact, the container must be service… | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.4 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.315 Fixed fire extinguishing systems. | USCG | (a) A fixed fire extinguishing system must be of a type approved by the Coast Guard under 46 CFR part 162. (b) A carbon dioxide system must be designed and installed in accordance with 46 CFR part 76, subpart 76.15. (c) An automatic sprinkler system must be designed and installed in accordance with 46 CFR 25.30-15(c). | ||||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.5 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.320 Fire extinguishing equipment required. | USCG | USCG-2018-0099, 86 FR 58571, Oct. 22, 2021, as amended at 86 FR 59303, Oct. 27, 2021] | (a) Recreational vessels 65 feet or less in length. (1) A recreational vessel 65 feet or less in length must carry at least the minimum number of portable fire extinguishers set forth in table 1 to § 175.320(a)(1). A vessel less than 26 feet in length, propelled by an outboard motor, is not required to carry portable fire extinguishers if the construction of the vessel will not permit the entrapment of explosive or flammable gases or vapors. Table 1 to § 175.320( a )( 1 ) 1 One 20-B portable fire extinguisher may be substituted for two 5-B portable fire extinguishers. (2) Figure 1 to § 175.320(a)(2) illustrates the conditions, identified by table 2 to § 175.320(a)(2), under which fire extinguishers are required to be carried on board. Figure 2 to § 175.320(a)(2) illustrates conditions, identified by table 3 to § 175.320(a)(2), that do not, in themselves, require that fire extinguishers be carried. Table 2 to § 175.320( a )( 2 ) Table 3 to § 175.320( a )( 2 ) (b) Recreational vessels more than 65 feet in length. (1) A recreational vessel more than 65 feet in length must carry at least the minimum number of portable fire extinguishers specified for its tonnage as set forth in table 4 to § 175.320(b)(1). Table 4 to § 175.320( b )( 1 ) (2) In addition to the portable fire extinguishers required by table 4 to § 175.320(b)(1), the following fire extinguishing equipment must be fitted in the machinery space: (i) One 20-B fire extinguisher must be carried for each 1,000 brake horsepower of the main engines or fraction. However, not more than six such extinguishers are required to be carried. (ii) On recreational vessels of more than 300 gross tons, either one 160-B semi-portable fire extinguishing system must be fitted, or alternatively, a fixed fire extinguishing system must be fitted in the machinery space. (3) The frame or support of each 160-B semi-portable fire extinguisher required by paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section must be welded or otherwise permanently attached to a bulkhead or deck. (4) If… | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.6 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.380 Condition and number of fire extinguishers required for recreational vessels built model year 2017 or earlier. | USCG | [USCG-2018-0099, 86 FR 58571, Oct. 22, 2021, as amended at Docket No. USCG-2023-0759, 89 FR 22948, Apr. 3, 2024] | Recreational vessels with a model year between 1953 and 2017 must meet the following requirements: (a) Previously installed extinguishers with extinguishing capacities that are less than what is required in table 1 to § 175.320(a)(1) or Table 4 to § 175.320(b)(1) need not be replaced but must be maintained in good condition. (b) All extinguishers installed after August 22, 2016, must meet the applicable requirements in §§ 175.305 through 175.320. | |||
| 33:33:2.0.1.8.39.5.228.7 | 33 | Navigation and Navigable Waters | I | S | 175 | PART 175—EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS | E | Subpart E—Fire Protection Equipment | § 175.390 Condition and number of fire extinguishers required for recreational vessels built before model year 1953. | USCG | A recreational vessel built before model year 1953 must meet the applicable number and general type of equipment provisions of §§ 175.305 through 175.320. Existing items of equipment and installations previously approved but not meeting the applicable requirements for type approval may be continued in service provided they are in good condition. All new installations and replacements must meet the requirements of §§ 175.305 through 175.320. | ||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.1 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.100 Purpose. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended by USCG-2012-0196, 81 FR 48296, July 22, 2016] | The purpose of this subchapter is to implement applicable sections of Subtitle II of Title 46, United States Code, which require the inspection and certification of small passenger vessels. The regulations in this subchapter have preemptive effect over State or local regulations in the same field. | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.10 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.400 Definitions of terms used in this subchapter. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996] | The following terms are used in this subchapter: Accommodation space means a space (including a space that contains a microwave oven or other low heat appliance with a maximum heating element temperature of less than 121 °C (250 °F)) used as a: (1) Public space; (2) Hall; (3) Dining room and mess room; (4) Lounge or cafe; (5) Public sales room; (6) Overnight accommodation space; (7) Barber shop or beauty parlor; (8) Office of conference room; (9) Washroom or toilet space; (10) Medical treatment room or dispensary; or (11) Game or hobby room. Adequate hull protection system means a method of protecting the vessel's hull from corrosion. It includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program means a program in which an eligible vessel may receive an initial and subsequent credit hull examination through a combination of underwater surveys, internal examinations and annual hull condition assessment. Anniversary date means the day and the month of each year, which corresponds to the date of expiration of the Certificate of Inspection. Approval series means the first six digits of a number assigned by the Coast Guard to approved equipment. Where approval is based on a subpart of subchapter Q of this chapter, the approval series corresponds to the number of the subpart. A listing of current and formerly approved equipment and materials may be found on the Internet at: http://cgmix.uscg.mil/equipment. Beam or B means the maximum width of a vessel from: (1) Outside of planking to outside of planking on wooden vessels; and (2) Outside of frame to outside of frame on all other vessels. Bulbous bow means a design of bow in which the forward underwater frames ahead of the forward perpendicular are swelled out at the forefoot into a bulbous formation. Bulkhead deck means the uppermost deck to which watertight bulkheads and the watertight shell extend. Ca… | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.11 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.540 Equivalents. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 24464, May 15, 1996, as amended by CGD 95-073, 62 FR 67515, Dec. 24, 1997; USCG-2003-16630, 73 FR 65203, Oct. 31, 2008; USCG-2009-0702, 74 FR 49240, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG-2012-0832, 77 FR 59788, Oct. 1, 2012] | (a) The Commandant may approve any arrangement, fitting, appliance, apparatus, equipment, calculation, information, or test, which provides a level of safety equivalent to that established by specific provisions of this subchapter. Requests for approval must be submitted to the Marine Safety Center via the cognizant OCMI. If necessary, the Marine Safety Center may require engineering evaluations and tests to demonstrate the equivalence of the substitute. (b) The Commandant may accept compliance by a high speed craft with the provisions of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) “Code of Safety for High Speed Craft” as an equivalent to compliance with applicable requirements of this subchapter. Requests for a determination of equivalency for a particular vessel must be submitted to the Marine Safety Center via the cognizant OCMI. (c) The Commandant may approve a novel lifesaving appliance or arrangement as an equivalent if it has performance characteristics at least equivalent to the appliance or arrangement required under this part, and: (1) Is evaluated and tested under IMO Resolution A. 520(13) (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); or (2) Has successfully undergone an evaluation and tests that are substantially equivalent to those recommendations. (d) The Commandant may accept alternative compliance arrangements in lieu of specific provisions of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code (IMO Resolution A.741(18)) for the purpose of determining that an equivalent safety management system is in place on board a vessel. The Commandant will consider the size and corporate structure of a vessel's company when determining the acceptability of an equivalent system. Requests for determination of equivalency must be submitted to Commandant (CG-CVC) via the cognizant OCMI. | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.12 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.550 Special consideration. | USCG | In applying the provisions of this subchapter, the OCMI may give special consideration to authorizing departures from the specific requirements when unusual circumstances or arrangements warrant such departures and an equivalent level of safety is provided. The OCMI of each marine inspection zone in which the vessel operates must approve any special consideration granted to a vessel. | ||||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.13 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.560 Appeals. | USCG | Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under this subchapter, by or on behalf of the Coast Guard, may appeal therefrom in accordance with § 1.03 in subchapter A of this chapter. | ||||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.14 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.600 Incorporation by reference. | USCG | [USCG-2012-0196, 81 FR 48296, July 22, 2016] | (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this subchapter with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved material is available for inspection at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards (CG-ENG), 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE., Stop 7509, Washington, DC 20593-7509, and is available from the sources listed below. It is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (b) American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC), 613 Third St., Suite 10, Annapolis, MD 21403, 410-990-4460, http://www.abycinc.org . (1) A-1-93, Marine Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Systems (“ABYC A-1”), IBR approved for § 184.240(a), (c), (d), and (g). (2) A-3-93, Galley Stoves (“ABYC A-3”), IBR approved for § 184.200. (3) A-7-70, Boat Heating Systems (“ABYC A-7”), IBR approved for § 184.200. (4) A-16-89, Electric Navigation Lights (“ABYC A-16”), IBR approved for § 183.130(a). (5) A-22-93, Marine Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Systems (“ABYC A-22”), IBR approved for § 184.240(b) through (e). (6) E-8, Alternating Current (AC) Electrical Systems on Boats, July 2001 (“ABYC E-8”), IBR approved for §§ 183.130(a) and 183.340(b). (7) E-9, Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats (May 28, 1990) (“ABYC E-9”), IBR approved for §§ 183.130(a) and 183.340(b). (8) H-2-89, Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline (“ABYC H-2”), IBR approved for §§ 182.130 and 182.460(m). (9) H-22-86, DC Electric Bilge Pumps Operating Under 50 Volts (“ABYC H-22”), IBR approved for §§ 182.130 and 182.500(b). (10) H-24-93, Gasoline Fuel Systems (“ABYC H-24”), IBR approved for §§ 182.130, 182.440(d), 182.445, 182.450(f) and 182.455(c). (11) H-25-94, Portable Gasoline Fuel Systems for Flammable Liquids (“ABYC H-25”), IBR approved for §§ 182.1… | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.15 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.800 Approved equipment and material. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 51355, Sept. 30, 1997] | (a) Equipment and material that is required by this subchapter to be approved or of an approved type, must have been manufactured and approved in accordance with the design and testing requirements in subchapter Q (Equipment, Construction, and Materials: Specifications and Approval) of this chapter or as otherwise specified by the Commandant. (b) Coast Guard publication COMDTINST M16714.3 (Series) “Equipment Lists, Items Approved, Certificated or Accepted under Marine Inspection and Navigation Laws” lists approved equipment by type and manufacturer. COMDTINST M16714.3 (Series) may be obtained from New Orders, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.16 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.900 OMB control numbers. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended by USCG-2004-18884, 69 FR 58351, Sept. 30, 2004] | (a) Purpose. This section lists the control numbers assigned to information collection and recordkeeping requirements in this subchapter by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et. seq. ). The Coast Guard intends that this section comply with the requirements of 44 U.S.C. 3507(f) which requires that agencies display a current control number assigned by the Director of OMB for each approved agency information collection requirement. (b) Display. | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.2 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.110 General applicability. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996; 61 FR 20557, May 7, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 51355, Sept. 30, 1997; USCG-2008-1107, 74 FR 63664, Dec. 4, 2009; USCG-2021-0306, 86 FR 73172, Dec. 27, 2021] | (a) Except as in paragraph (b) of this section, this subchapter applies to each vessel of less than 100 gross tons that carries 150 or less passengers, or has overnight accommodations for 49 or less passengers, and that— (1) Carries more than six passengers, including at least one for hire; (2) Is chartered with a crew provided or specified by the owner or the owner's representative and is carrying more than six passengers; (3) Is chartered with no crew provided or specified by the owner or the owner's representative and is carrying more than 12 passengers; or (4) If a submersible vessel, carries at least one passenger for hire; or (5) Is a ferry carrying more than six passengers. For a vessel of less than 100 gross tons that carries more than 150 passengers or has overnight accommodations for more than 49 passengers, see subchapter K of this chapter. (b) This subchapter does not apply to: (1) A vessel operating exclusively on inland waters that are not navigable waters of the United States; (2) An oceanographic research vessel; (3) A boat forming part of a vessel's lifesaving equipment and that is not used for carrying passengers except in emergencies or during emergency drills; (4) A vessel of a foreign country that is a party to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended (SOLAS), to which the United States Government is currently a party, and that has on board a current valid SOLAS Passenger Ship Safety Certificate; or (5) A vessel of a foreign country, whose government has inspection laws approximating those of the United States and that by its laws accords similar privileges to vessels of the United States, which has on board a current valid certificate of inspection, permitting the carrying of passengers, issued by its government. (c) Irrespective of build date, a vessel to which this subchapter applies must meet 46 CFR 181.405, 181.450, 181.500, 185.364, and 185.420(b), if it is not a ferry, and if it— (1) Has overnight accommodations for passengers; or (2) … | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.3 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.112 Specific applicability for individual parts. | USCG | At the beginning of certain parts of this subchapter, a more specific application is given for all or particular portions of that part. This application sets forth the type, size, service, or age of a vessel to which certain portions of that part apply or particular dates by which an existing vessel must comply with certain portions of that part. | ||||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.4 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.115 Applicability to offshore supply vessels. | USCG | [CGD 82-004, CGD 86-074, 62 FR 49355, Sept. 19, 1997] | (a) Existing OSVs of more than 15 but less than 100 gross tons are subject to inspection under this subchapter. New OSVs of more than 15 but less than 100 gross tons are subject to inspection under subchapter L of this chapter. (b) Each existing OSV permitted grandfathering under paragraph (a) of this section must complete construction and have a Certificate of Inspection by March 16, 1998. | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.5 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.118 Vessels operating under an exemption afforded in the Passenger Vessel Safety Act of 1993 (PVSA). | USCG | [USCG-1999-5040, 67 FR 34799, May 15, 2002, as amended by USCG-2006-24371, 74 FR 11266, Mar. 16, 2009] | (a) The Passenger Vessel Safety Act of 1993 (PVSA) contained an allowance for the exemption of certain passenger vessels that are— (1) At least 100 gross tons but less than 300 gross tons; or (2) Former public vessels of at least 100 gross tons but less than 500 gross tons. (b) The owner or operator of a vessel must have applied for an exemption under PVSA by June 21, 1994, and then brought the vessel into compliance with the interim guidance in Navigation and Inspection Circular (NVIC) 7-94 not later than December 21, 1996. The PVSA exemption is valid for the service life of the vessel, as long as the vessel remains certified for passenger service. If the Certificate of Inspection (COI) is surrendered or otherwise becomes invalid (not including a term while the vessel is out of service but undergoing an inspection for recertification), the owner or operator must meet the appropriate inspection regulations to obtain a new COI without the PVSA exemption. (c) Except where the provisions of subchapter H of this chapter apply, the owner or operator must ensure that the vessel meets the requirements of this subchapter, meets any requirements the OCMI deems applicable, and meets any specific additions or exceptions as follows: (1) If a vessel does not meet the intact stability requirements of subchapter S of this chapter, the vessel's route(s) will be limited to an area within 20 nautical miles from a harbor of safe refuge, provided the vessel has a history of safe operation on those waters. The OCMI may further restrict the vessel's routes if the vessel's service history, condition, or other factors affect its seaworthiness or safety. (2) The vessel may not carry more than 150 passengers, and not more than 49 passengers in overnight accommodations. (3) The owner or operator must crew the vessel under the requirements of this subchapter. All officers must be endorsed for the appropriate vessel tonnage. The OCMI may require an appropriately endorsed engineer officer for those vessels of at least 200 gross tons. V… | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.6 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.120 Vessels on an international voyage. | USCG | A mechanically propelled vessel that carries more than 12 passengers on an international voyage must comply with the applicable requirements of SOLAS, as well as this subchapter. | ||||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.7 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.122 Load lines. | USCG | [CGD 85-080, 61 FR 947, Jan. 10, 1996, as amended by USCG-2014-0688, 79 FR 58288, Sept. 29, 2014] | A vessel of 24 meters (79 feet) in length or more, the keel of which was laid or that was at a similar stage of construction on or after July 21, 1968, and that is on a voyage other than a domestic voyage is subject to load line assignment, certification, and marking under subchapter E (Load Lines) of this chapter. | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.8 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.124 Requirements for DUKW Amphibious Passenger Vessels. | USCG | [USCG-2023-0243, 88 FR 62301, Sept. 11, 2023] | No later than January 9, 2024, all operators of a DUKW amphibious passenger vessel, as defined in 46 CFR 175.400, must: (a) Modify the DUKW amphibious passenger vessel to either: (1) Remove the canopies and any window coverings installed for waterborne operations, and require that all passengers wear a lifejacket approved by the Coast Guard, as described in part 180 of this subchapter, before the onset of waterborne operations of the DUKW amphibious passenger vessel; or (2) Install a canopy that does not restrict horizontal or vertical escape by passengers in the event of flooding or sinking. (b) Reengineer the DUKW amphibious passenger vessel to permanently close all unnecessary access plugs and reduce all through-hull penetrations to the minimum number and size necessary for the safe operation or maintenance of the DUKW amphibious passenger vessel. (c) Install an independently powered electric bilge pump(s) with a minimum total pumping capacity of: GPM = 3600 × A × √H Where— GPM = The minimum total pumping capacity in gallons per minute. A = The area (in square feet) of the largest hull penetration below a line drawn parallel to and at least 6 inches (150 millimeters) above the deepest load waterline. √H = The square root of the vertical distance in feet from the center of the penetration to the deepest load waterline. Where— GPM = The minimum total pumping capacity in gallons per minute. A = The area (in square feet) of the largest hull penetration below a line drawn parallel to and at least 6 inches (150 millimeters) above the deepest load waterline. √H = The square root of the vertical distance in feet from the center of the penetration to the deepest load waterline. (d) Install in the DUKW amphibious passenger vessel not fewer than 4 independently powered bilge alarms. (e) Conduct an in-water inspection of the DUKW amphibious passenger vessel after each time a through-hull penetration of such vessel has been removed or uncovered. (f) Verify through an in-water inspection the watertigh… | |||||
| 46:46:7.0.1.3.10.0.63.9 | 46 | Shipping | I | T | 175 | PART 175—GENERAL PROVISIONS | § 175.200 Gross tonnage as criterion for requirements. | USCG | (a) The regulations in this subchapter take into account a vessel's length, passenger capacity, construction, equipment, intended service, and operating area. The criterion for application of this subchapter is the gross tonnage of the vessel. When the Commandant determines that the gross tonnage of a particular vessel, which is attained by exemptions, reductions, or other devices in the basic gross tonnage formulation, will circumvent or be incompatible with the application of specific regulations for a vessel of such physical size, the Commandant will prescribe the regulations to be made applicable to the vessel. (b) When the Commandant determines that the gross tonnage is not a valid criterion for the use of certain regulations based on the relative size of the vessel, the owner will be informed of the determination and of the regulations applicable to the vessel. The vessel must be brought into compliance with all additional requirements before a Certificate of Inspection is issued. | ||||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.1 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.1 Purpose, scope, and applicability. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 35543, June 2, 2016; 87 FR 79784, Dec. 27, 2022; 89 FR 25488, Apr. 10, 2024] | (a) This part prescribes the requirements that apply to the transportation of hazardous materials in commerce aboard (including attached to or suspended from) an aircraft. The requirements in this part are in addition to other requirements contained in parts 171, 172, 173, 178, and 180 of this subchapter. (b) This part applies to the offering, acceptance, and transportation of hazardous materials in commerce by aircraft to, from, or within the United States, and to any aircraft of United States registry anywhere in air commerce. This subchapter applies to any person who performs, attempts to perform, or is required to perform any function subject to this subchapter, including—(1) Air carriers, indirect air carriers, and freight forwarders and their flight and non-flight employees, agents, subsidiary and contract personnel (including cargo, passenger and baggage acceptance, handling, loading and unloading personnel); and (2) Air passengers that carry any hazardous material on their person or in their carry-on or checked baggage. (c) This part does not apply to aircraft of United States registry under lease to and operated by foreign nationals outside the United States if: (1) Hazardous materials forbidden aboard aircraft by § 172.101 of this subchapter are not carried on the aircraft; and (2) Other hazardous materials are carried in accordance with the regulations of the State (nation) of the aircraft operator. (d) The requirements of this subchapter do not apply to transportation of hazardous material in support of dedicated air ambulance, firefighting, or search and rescue operations performed in compliance with the operator requirements under federal air regulations, title 14 of the CFR. (e) In addition to the requirements of this part, air carriers that are certificate holders authorized to conduct operations in accordance with 14 CFR part 121 are also required to have a Safety Management System that meets the conditions of 14 CFR part 5 and is acceptable to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Adm… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.10 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.31 Reports of discrepancies. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 85 FR 83402, Dec. 21, 2020] | (a) Each person who discovers a discrepancy, as defined in paragraph (b) of this section, relative to the shipment of a hazardous material following its acceptance for transportation aboard an aircraft shall, as soon as practicable, notify the nearest FAA Regional Office by telephone or electronically. The nearest Regional Office may be located by calling the FAA Washington Operations Center 202-267-3333 (any hour). Electronic notifications may be submitted by following instructions on the FAA's website. The following information must be provided: (1) Name and telephone number of the person reporting the discrepancy. (2) Name of the aircraft operator. (3) Specific location of the shipment concerned. (4) Name of the shipper. (5) Nature of discrepancy. (6) Address of the shipper or person responsible for the discrepancy, if known, by the air carrier. (b) Discrepancies which must be reported under paragraph (a) of this section are those involving hazardous materials which are improperly described, certified, labeled, marked, or packaged, in a manner not ascertainable when accepted under the provisions of § 175.30(a) of this subchapter including packages or baggage which are found to contain hazardous materials subsequent to their being offered and accepted as other than hazardous materials. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.11 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.33 Shipping paper and information to the pilot-in-command. | PHMSA | [83 FR 52899, Oct. 18, 2018, as amended at 85 FR 27899, May 11, 2020; 89 FR 25488, Apr. 10, 2024] | (a) When a hazardous material subject to the provisions of this subchapter is carried in an aircraft, the operator of the aircraft must provide the pilot-in-command and the flight dispatcher or other ground support personnel with responsibilities for operational control of the aircraft with accurate and legible written information (e.g., handwritten, printed, or electronic form) as early as practicable before departure of the aircraft, but in no case later than when the aircraft moves under its own power, which specifies at least the following: (1) The date of the flight; (2) The air waybill number (when issued); (3) The proper shipping name (the technical name(s) shown on the shipping paper is not required), hazard class or division, subsidiary risk(s) corresponding to a required label(s), packing group and identification number of the material as specified in § 172.101 of this subchapter or the ICAO Technical Instructions (IBR, see § 171.7 of this subchapter). In the case of Class 1 materials, the compatibility group letter also must be shown. (4) The total number of packages; (5) The exact loading location of the packages; (6) The net quantity or gross mass, as applicable, for each package except those containing Class 7 (radioactive) materials. For a shipment consisting of multiple packages containing hazardous materials bearing the same proper shipping name and identification number, only the total quantity and an indication of the quantity of the largest and smallest package at each loading location need to be provided. For consumer commodities, the information provided may be either the gross mass of each package or the average gross mass of the packages as shown on the shipping paper; (7) For Class 7 (radioactive) materials, the number of packages overpacks or freight containers, their category, transport index (if applicable), and their exact loading location; (8) Confirmation that the package must be carried on cargo-only aircraft; (9) The airport at which the package(s) is to be unloaded; (10… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.12 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.34 Exceptions for cylinders of compressed oxygen or other oxidizing gases transported within the State of Alaska. | PHMSA | [79 FR 15046, Mar. 18, 2014] | (a) Exceptions. When transported in the State of Alaska, cylinders of compressed oxygen or other oxidizing gases aboard aircraft are excepted from all the requirements of §§ 173.302(f)(3) through (5) and 173.304(f)(3) through (5) of this subchapter subject to the following conditions: (1) Transportation of the cylinders by a ground-based or water-based mode of transportation is unavailable and transportation by aircraft is the only practical means for transporting the cylinders to their destination; (2) Each cylinder is fully covered with a fire or flame resistant blanket that is secured in place; and (3) The operator of the aircraft complies with the applicable notification procedures under § 175.33. (b) Aircraft restrictions. This exception only applies to the following types of aircraft: (1) Cargo-only aircraft transporting the cylinders to a delivery destination that receives cargo-only service at least once a week. (2) Passenger and cargo-only aircraft transporting the cylinders to a delivery destination that does not receive cargo only service once a week. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.2 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.3 Unacceptable hazardous materials shipments. | PHMSA | A hazardous material that is not prepared for shipment in accordance with this subchapter may not be offered or accepted for transportation or transported aboard an aircraft. | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.3 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.8 Exceptions for operator equipment and items of replacement. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 72 FR 55693, Oct. 1, 2007; 76 FR 3381, Jan. 19, 2011; 78 FR 1092, Jan. 7, 2013; 79 FR 46039, Aug. 6, 2014; 81 FR 35543, June 2, 2016; 87 FR 44997, July 26, 2022] | (a) Operator equipment. This subchapter does not apply to— (1) Aviation fuel and oil in tanks that are in compliance with the installation provisions of 14 CFR, chapter 1. (2) Hazardous materials required aboard an aircraft in accordance with the applicable airworthiness requirements and operating regulations. Items of replacement for such materials must be transported in accordance with paragraph (a)(3) of this section. (3) Items of replacement (company material (COMAT)) for hazardous materials described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section must be transported in accordance with this subchapter. When an operator transports its own replacement items described in paragraph (a)(2), the following exceptions apply: (i) In place of required packagings, packagings specifically designed for the items of replacement may be used, provided such packagings provide at least an equivalent level of protection to those that would be required by this subchapter. (ii) Aircraft batteries are not subject to quantity limitations such as those provided in § 172.101 or § 175.75(c) of this subchapter. (4) Unless otherwise addressed by FAA regulation or policy (e.g. Advisory Circular), hazardous materials used by the operator aboard the aircraft, when approved by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration. (b) Other operator exceptions. This subchapter does not apply to— (1) Oxygen, or any hazardous material used for the generation of oxygen, for medical use by a passenger, which is furnished by the aircraft operator in accordance with 14 CFR 121.574, 125.219, or 135.91. For the purposes of this paragraph (b)(1), an aircraft operator that does not hold a certificate under 14 CFR parts 121, 125, or 135 may apply this exception in conformance with 14 CFR 121.574, 125.219, or 135.91 in the same manner as required for a certificate holder. See § 175.501 for additional requirements applicable to the stowage of oxygen. (2) Dry ice (carbon dioxide, solid) intended for use by the operator in food and beverage service a… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.4 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.9 Special aircraft operations. | PHMSA | [76 FR 3381, Jan. 19, 2011, as amended at 80 FR 1163, Jan. 8, 2015; 81 FR 35543, June 2, 2016; 87 FR 44997, July 26, 2022; 87 FR 79784, Dec. 27, 2022] | (a) This section applies to rotorcraft external load operations transporting hazardous material on board, attached to, or suspended from an aircraft. Operators must have all applicable requirements prescribed in 14 CFR part 133 approved by the FAA Administrator prior to accepting or transporting hazardous material. In addition, rotorcraft external load operations must be approved by the Associate Administrator prior to the initiation of such operations. (b) Exceptions. This subchapter does not apply to the following materials used for special aircraft operations when applicable FAA operator requirements have been met, including training operator personnel on the proper handling and stowage of the hazardous materials carried: (1) Hazardous materials loaded and carried in hoppers or tanks of aircraft certificated for use in aerial seeding, dusting spraying, fertilizing, crop improvement, or pest control, to be dispensed during such an operation. (2) Parachute activation devices, lighting equipment, oxygen cylinders, flotation devices, smoke grenades, flares, or similar devices carried during a parachute operation. (3) Smoke grenades, flares, and pyrotechnic devices affixed to aircraft during any flight conducted as part of a scheduled air show or exhibition of aeronautical skill. The aircraft may not carry any persons other than required flight crewmembers. The affixed installation accommodating the smoke grenades, flares, or pyrotechnic devices on the aircraft must be approved for its intended use by the FAA Flight Standards District Office having responsibility for that aircraft. (4) [Reserved] (5) A transport incubator unit necessary to protect life or an organ preservation unit necessary to protect human organs, carried in the aircraft cabin, provided: (i) The compressed gas used to operate the unit is in an authorized DOT specification cylinder and is marked, labeled, filled, and maintained as prescribed by this subchapter; (ii) Each type of battery used is either nonspillable, lithium metal, or lith… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.5 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.10 Exceptions for passengers, crewmembers, and air operators. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006] | (a) This subchapter does not apply to the following hazardous materials when carried by aircraft passengers or crewmembers provided the requirements of §§ 171.15 and 171.16 of this subchapter (see paragraph (c) of this section) and the requirements of this section are met. The most appropriate description of the hazardous material item or article must be selected and the associated conditions for exception must be followed: (1)(i) Non-radioactive medicinal and toilet articles for personal use (including aerosols) carried in carry-on and checked baggage. Release devices on aerosols must be protected by a cap or other suitable means to prevent inadvertent release; (ii) Other aerosols in Division 2.2 (nonflammable gas) with no subsidiary risk carried in carry-on or checked baggage. Release devices on aerosols must be protected by a cap or other suitable means to prevent inadvertent release; (iii) The aggregate quantity of these hazardous materials carried by each person may not exceed 2 kg (70 ounces) by mass or 2 L (68 fluid ounces) by volume and the capacity of each container may not exceed 0.5 kg (18 ounces) by mass or 500 ml (17 fluid ounces) by volume; and (iv) The release of gas must not cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to crew members so as to prevent the correct performance of assigned duties. (2) One packet of safety matches or a lighter intended for use by an individual when carried on one's person or in carry-on baggage only. Lighter fuel, lighter refills, and lighters containing unabsorbed liquid fuel (other than liquefied gas) are not permitted on one's person or in carry-on or checked baggage. For lighters powered by lithium batteries ( e.g., laser plasma lighters, tesla coil lighters, flux lighters, arc lighters and double arc lighters), each battery must be of a type which meets the requirements of each test in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part III, Subsection 38.3 (IBR, see § 171.7 of this subchapter). The lighters must be equipped with a safety cap or similar means of protectio… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.6 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.20 Compliance and training. | PHMSA | An air carrier may not transport a hazardous material by aircraft unless each of its hazmat employees involved in that transportation is trained as required by subpart H of part 172 of this subchapter. In addition, air carriers must comply with all applicable hazardous materials training requirements in 14 CFR part 121 and 135. | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.7 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.25 Passenger notification system. | PHMSA | [82 FR 15892, Mar. 30, 2017] | (a) General. Each person who engages in for hire air transportation of passengers must effectively inform passengers about hazardous materials that passengers are forbidden to transport on aircraft and must accomplish this through the development, implementation, and maintenance of a passenger notification system. (b) Passenger notification system requirements. The passenger notification system required by paragraph (a) of this section must ensure that: (1) A passenger is presented with information required under paragraph (a) of this section at the point of ticket purchase or, if this is not practical, in another way prior to boarding pass issuance; (2) A passenger is presented with information required under paragraph (a) of this section at the point of boarding pass issuance ( i.e. check-in), or when no boarding pass is issued, prior to boarding the aircraft; (3) A passenger, where the ticket purchase and/or boarding pass issuance can be completed by a passenger without the involvement of another person, acknowledges that they have been presented with the information required under paragraph (a) of this section; and (4) A passenger is presented with information required under paragraph (a) of this section at each of the places at an airport where tickets are issued, boarding passes are issued, passenger baggage is dropped off, aircraft boarding areas are maintained, and at any other location where boarding passes are issued and/or checked baggage is accepted. This information must include visual examples of forbidden hazardous materials. (c) Aircraft operator manual requirements. For certificate holders under 14 CFR parts 121 and 135, procedures and information necessary to allow personnel to implement and maintain the passenger notification system required in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section must be described in an operations manual and/or other appropriate manuals in accordance with 14 CFR part 121 or 135. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.8 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.26 Notification at cargo facilities of hazardous materials requirements. | PHMSA | (a) Each person who engages in the acceptance or transport of cargo for transportation by aircraft shall display notices to persons offering such cargo of the requirements applicable to the carriage of hazardous materials aboard aircraft, and the penalties for failure to comply with those requirements, at each facility where cargo is accepted. Each notice must be legible, and be prominently displayed so it can be seen. At a minimum, each notice must communicate the following information: (1) Cargo containing hazardous materials (dangerous goods) for transportation by aircraft must be offered in accordance with the Federal Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR parts 171 through 180). (2) A violation can result in five years' imprisonment and penalties of $250,000 or more (49 U.S.C. 5124). (3) Hazardous materials (dangerous goods) include explosives, compressed gases, flammable liquids and solids, oxidizers, poisons, corrosives and radioactive materials. (b) The information contained in paragraph (a) of this section must be printed: (1) Legibly in English, and, where cargo is accepted outside of the United States, in the language of the host country; and (2) On a background of contrasting color. (c) Size and color of the notice are optional. Additional information, examples, or illustrations, if not inconsistent with required information, may be included. (d) Exceptions. Display of a notice required by paragraph (a) of this section is not required at: (1) An unattended location (e.g., a drop box) provided a general notice advising customers of a prohibition on shipments of hazardous materials through that location is prominently displayed; or (2) A customer's facility where hazardous materials packages are accepted by a carrier. | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.1.25.9 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | A | Subpart A—General Information and Regulations | § 175.30 Inspecting shipments. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 72 FR 25177, May 3, 2007; 73 FR 57006, Oct. 1, 2008; 76 FR 3383, Jan. 19, 2011; 79 FR 46040, Aug. 6, 2014; 80 FR 1164, Jan. 8, 2015; 83 FR 52899, Oct. 18, 2018] | (a) No person may accept a hazardous material for transportation aboard an aircraft unless the aircraft operator ensures the hazardous material is: (1) Authorized, and is within the quantity limitations specified for carriage aboard aircraft according to § 172.101 of this subchapter or as otherwise specifically provided by this subchapter. (2) Described and certified on a shipping paper prepared in duplicate in accordance with part 172 of this subchapter or as authorized by subpart C of part 171 of this subchapter. See § 175.33 for shipping paper retention requirements; (3) Marked and labeled in accordance with subparts D and E of part 172 or as authorized by subpart C of part 171 of this subchapter, and placarded (when required) in accordance with subpart F of part 172 of this subchapter; and (4) Labeled with a “CARGO AIRCRAFT ONLY” label (see § 172.448 of this subchapter) if the material as presented is not permitted aboard passenger-carrying aircraft. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, no person may carry a hazardous material in a package or overpack aboard an aircraft unless the package or overpack is inspected by the operator of the aircraft immediately before placing it: (1) Aboard the aircraft; or (2) In a unit load device or on a pallet prior to loading aboard the aircraft. (c) A hazardous material may be carried aboard an aircraft only if, based on the inspection by the operator, the package or overpack containing the hazardous material: (1) Has no leakage or other indication that its integrity has been compromised; and (2) For Class 7 (radioactive) materials, does not have a broken seal, except packages contained in overpacks need not be inspected for seal integrity. (d) The requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section do not apply to Dry ice (carbon dioxide, solid). (e) An overpack containing packages of hazardous materials may be accepted only if the operator has taken all reasonable steps to establish that: (1) The proper shipping names, identification num… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.2.25.1 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | B | Subpart B—Loading, Unloading and Handling | § 175.75 Quantity limitations and cargo location. | PHMSA | [76 FR 82178, Dec. 30, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 65486, Oct. 31, 2013; 81 FR 35544, June 2, 2016; 82 FR 15892, Mar. 30, 2017; 85 FR 83402, Dec. 21, 2020; 87 FR 44998, July 26, 2022] | (a) No person may carry on an aircraft a hazardous material except as permitted by this subchapter. (b) Hazardous materials stowage. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, no person may carry a hazardous material in the cabin of a passenger-carrying aircraft or on the flight deck of any aircraft, and the hazardous material must be located in a place that is inaccessible to persons other than crew members. (2) Hazardous materials may be carried in a main deck cargo compartment of a passenger aircraft provided that the compartment is inaccessible to passengers and that it meets all certification requirements for: a Class B aircraft cargo compartment in 14 CFR 25.857(b); or a Class C aircraft cargo compartment in 14 CFR 25.857(c). (3) A package bearing a “KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT” handling marking must be protected from direct sunshine and stored in a cool and ventilated place, away from sources of heat. (4) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, a package containing a hazardous material acceptable for cargo-only aircraft must be loaded in an accessible manner. (c) For each package containing a hazardous material acceptable for carriage aboard passenger-carrying aircraft, no more than 25 kg (55 pounds) net weight of hazardous material may be loaded in an inaccessible manner. In addition to the 25 kg limitation, an additional 75 kg (165 pounds) net weight of Division 2.2 (non-flammable compressed gas) may be loaded in an inaccessible manner. The requirements of this paragraph (c) do not apply to Class 9, articles of Identification Numbers UN0012, UN0014, or UN0055 also meeting the requirements of § 173.63(b) of this subchapter, articles of Identification Numbers UN3528 or UN3529, and Limited or Excepted Quantity material. (d) For the purposes of this section— (1) Accessible means, on passenger-carrying or cargo-only aircraft that each package is loaded where a crew member or other authorized person can access, handle, and, when size and weight permit, separate such packages from othe… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.2.25.2 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | B | Subpart B—Loading, Unloading and Handling | § 175.78 Stowage compatibility of cargo. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 71 FR 54396, Sept. 14, 2006; 71 FR 78634, Dec. 29, 2006; 76 FR 3384, Jan. 19, 2011; 85 FR 27899, May 11, 2020] | (a) For stowage on an aircraft, in a cargo facility, or in any other area at an airport designated for the stowage of hazardous materials, packages containing hazardous materials which might react dangerously with one another may not be placed next to each other or in a position that would allow a dangerous interaction in the event of leakage. (b)(1) At a minimum, the segregation instructions prescribed in the following Segregation Table must be followed to maintain acceptable segregation between packages containing hazardous materials with different hazards. The Segregation Table instructions apply whether or not the class or division is the primary or subsidiary risk. (2) Packages and overpacks containing articles of Identification Numbers UN3090 and UN3480 prepared in accordance with § 173.185(b)(3) and (c)(4)(vi) must not be stowed on an aircraft next to, in contact with, or in a position that would allow interaction with packages or overpacks containing hazardous materials that bear a Class 1 (other than Division 1.4S), Division 2.1, Class 3, Division 4.1, or Division 5.1 hazard label. To maintain acceptable segregation between packages and overpacks, the segregation requirements shown in the Segregation Table must be followed. The segregation requirements apply based on all hazard labels applied to the package or overpack, irrespective of whether the hazard is the primary or subsidiary hazard. Table to Paragraph ( b ): Segregation Table (c) Instructions for using the Segregation Table are as follows: (1) Hazard labels, classes or divisions not shown in the table are not subject to segregation requirements. (2) Dots at the intersection of a row and column indicate that no restrictions apply. (3) The letter “X” at the intersection of a row and column indicates that packages containing these classes of hazardous materials may not be stowed next to or in contact with each other, or in a position which would allow interaction in the event of leakage of the contents. (4) Note 1. “Note 1” at the intersecti… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.2.25.3 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | B | Subpart B—Loading, Unloading and Handling | § 175.88 Inspection, orientation and securing packages of hazardous materials. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 83 FR 52900, Oct. 18, 2018] | (a) A unit load device may not be loaded on an aircraft unless the device has been inspected and found to be free from any evidence of leakage from, or damage to, any package containing hazardous materials. (b) A package containing hazardous materials marked “THIS SIDE UP” or “THIS END UP”, or with arrows to indicate the proper orientation of the package, must be stored and loaded aboard an aircraft in accordance with such markings. A package without orientation markings containing liquid hazardous materials must be stored and loaded with top closure facing upward. (c) Packages containing hazardous materials must be: (1) Secured in an aircraft in a manner that will prevent any shifting or change in the orientation of the packages; (2) Protected from being damaged, including by the shifting of baggage, mail, stores, or other cargo; (3) Loaded so that accidental damage is not caused through dragging or mishandling; and (4) When containing Class 7 (radioactive) materials, secured in a manner that ensures that the separation requirements of §§ 175.701 and 175.702 will be maintained at all times during flight. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.2.25.4 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | B | Subpart B—Loading, Unloading and Handling | § 175.90 Damaged shipments. | PHMSA | (a) Packages or overpacks containing hazardous materials must be inspected for damage or leakage after being unloaded from an aircraft. When packages or overpacks containing hazardous materials have been transported in a unit load device, the area where the unit load device was stowed must be inspected for evidence of leakage or contamination immediately upon removal of the unit load device from the aircraft, and the packages or overpacks must be inspected for evidence of damage or leakage when the unit load device is unloaded. In the event of leakage or suspected leakage, the compartment in which the package, overpack, or unit load device was carried must be inspected for contamination and decontaminated, if applicable. (b) Except as provided in § 175.700, the operator of an aircraft must remove from the aircraft any package, baggage or cargo that appears to be leaking or contaminated by a hazardous material. In the case of a package, baggage or cargo that appears to be leaking, the operator must ensure that other packages, baggage or cargo in the same shipment are in proper condition for transport aboard the aircraft and that no other package, baggage or cargo has been contaminated or is leaking. If an operator becomes aware that a package, baggage or cargo not identified as containing a hazardous material has been contaminated, or the operator has cause to believe that a hazardous material may be the cause of the contamination, the operator must take reasonable steps to identify the nature and source of contamination before proceeding with the loading of the contaminated baggage or cargo. If the contaminating substance is found or suspected to be hazardous material, the operator must isolate the package, baggage or cargo and take appropriate steps to eliminate any identified hazard before continuing the transportation of the item by aircraft. (c) No person may place aboard an aircraft a package, baggage or cargo that is contaminated with a hazardous material or appears to be leaking. (d) If a package contai… | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.1 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.310 Transportation of flammable liquid fuel; aircraft only means of transportation. | PHMSA | (a) When other means of transportation are impracticable, flammable liquid fuels may be carried on certain passenger and cargo aircraft as provided in this section, without regard to the packaging references and quantity limits listed in Columns 7, 8 and 9 of the § 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table. All requirements of this subchapter that are not specifically covered in this section continue to apply to shipments made under the provisions of this section. For purposes of this section “impracticable” means transportation is not physically possible or cannot be performed by routine and frequent means of other transportation, due to extenuating circumstances. Extenuating circumstances include: conditions precluding highway or water transportation, such as a frozen vessel route; road closures due to catastrophic weather or volcanic activity; or a declared state of emergency. The desire for expedience of a shipper, carrier, or consignor, is not relevant in determining whether other means of transportation are impracticable. The stowage requirements of § 175.75(a) do not apply to a person operating an aircraft under the provisions of this section which, because of its size and configuration, makes it impossible to comply. (b) A small passenger-carrying aircraft operated entirely within the State of Alaska or into a remote area, in other than scheduled passenger operations, may carry up to 76 L (20 gallons) of flammable liquid fuel (in Packing Group II or Packing Group III), when: (1) The flight is necessary to meet the needs of a passenger; and (2) The fuel is carried in one of the following types of containers: (i) Strong tight metal containers of not more than 20 L (5.3 gallons) capacity, each packed inside a UN 4G fiberboard box, at the Packing Group II performance level, or each packed inside a UN 4C1 wooden box, at the Packing Group II performance level; (ii) Airtight, leakproof, inside containers of not more than 40 L (11 gallons) capacity and of at least 28-gauge metal, each packed inside a UN 4C1 wooden b… | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.10 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.706 Separation distances for undeveloped film from packages containing Class 7 (radioactive) materials. | PHMSA | No person may carry in an aircraft any package of Class 7 (radioactive) materials required by § 172.403 of this subchapter to be labeled Radioactive Yellow-II or Radioactive Yellow-III closer than the distances shown in the table below to any package marked as containing underdeveloped film. | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.11 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.900 Handling requirements for carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice). | PHMSA | [82 FR 15892, Mar. 30, 2017] | Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) when shipped by itself or when used as a refrigerant for other commodities, may be carried only if the operator has made suitable arrangements based on the aircraft type, the aircraft ventilation rates, the method of packing and stowing, whether animals will be carried on the same flight and other factors. The operator must ensure that the ground staff is informed that the dry ice is being loaded or is on board the aircraft. For arrangements between the shipper and operator, see § 173.217 of this subchapter. Where dry ice is contained in a unit load device (ULD) prepared by a single shipper in accordance with § 173.217 of this subchapter and the operator after the acceptance adds additional dry ice, the operator must ensure that the information provided to the pilot-in-command and the marking on the ULD when used as a packaging reflects that revised quantity of dry ice. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.2 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.501 Special requirements for oxidizers and compressed oxygen. | PHMSA | [72 FR 4456, Jan. 31, 2007, as amended at 72 FR 55099, Sept. 28, 2007] | (a) Compressed oxygen, when properly labeled Oxidizer or Oxygen, may be loaded and transported as provided in this section. Except for Oxygen, compressed, no person may load or transport a hazardous material for which an OXIDIZER label is required under this subchapter in an inaccessible cargo compartment that does not have a fire or smoke detection system and a fire suppression system. (b) In addition to the quantity limitations prescribed in § 175.75, no more than a combined total of six cylinders of compressed oxygen may be stowed on an aircraft in the inaccessible aircraft cargo compartment(s) that do not have fire or smoke detection systems and fire suppression systems. (c) When loaded into a passenger-carrying aircraft or in an inaccessible cargo location on a cargo-only aircraft, cylinders of compressed oxygen must be stowed horizontally on the floor or as close as practicable to the floor of the cargo compartment or unit load device. This provision does not apply to cylinders stowed in the cabin of the aircraft in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section. (d) When transported in a Class B aircraft cargo compartment (see 14 CFR 25.857(b)) or its equivalent (i.e., an accessible cargo compartment equipped with a fire or smoke detection system, but not a fire suppression system), cylinders of compressed oxygen must be loaded in a manner that a crew member can see, handle and, when size and weight permit, separate the cylinders from other cargo during flight. No more than six cylinders of compressed oxygen and, in addition, one cylinder of medical-use compressed oxygen per passenger needing oxygen at destination—with a rated capacity of 1000 L (34 cubic feet) or less of oxygen—may be carried in a Class B aircraft cargo compartment or its equivalent. (e) A cylinder containing medical-use compressed oxygen, owned or leased by an aircraft operator or offered for transportation by a passenger needing it for personal medical use at destination, may be carried in the cabin of a passenger-carrying aircraft i… | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.3 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.630 Special requirements for Division 6.1 (poisonous) material and Division 6.2 (infectious substances) materials. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 71 FR 32263, June 2, 2006; 80 FR 1164, Jan. 8, 2015; 85 FR 83402, Dec. 21, 2020] | (a) [Reserved] (b) No person may operate an aircraft that has been used to transport any package required to bear a POISON or POISON INHALATION HAZARD label unless, upon removal of such package, the area in the aircraft in which it was carried is visually inspected for evidence of leakage, spillage, or other contamination. All contamination discovered must be either isolated or removed from the aircraft. (c) When unloaded from the aircraft, each package, overpack, pallet, or unit load device containing a Division 6.2 material must be inspected for signs of leakage. If evidence of leakage is found, the cargo compartment in which the package, overpack, or unit load device was transported must be disinfected. Disinfection may be by any means that will make the material released ineffective at transmitting disease. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.4 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.700 Special limitations and requirements for Class 7 materials. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 2268, Jan. 14, 2009] | (a) Except as provided in §§ 173.4a, 173.422 and 173.423 of this subchapter, no person may carry any Class 7 materials aboard a passenger-carrying aircraft unless that material is intended for use in, or incident to research (See § 171.8 of this subchapter), medical diagnosis or treatment. Regardless of its intended use, no person may carry a Type B(M) package aboard a passenger-carrying aircraft, a vented Type B(M) package aboard any aircraft, or a liquid pyrophoric Class 7 material aboard any aircraft. (b) Limits for transport index and criticality safety index. A person may carry the following Class 7 (radioactive) materials aboard an aircraft only when— (1) On a passenger-carrying aircraft— (i) Each single package on the aircraft has a transport index no greater than 3.0; (ii) The combined transport index and the combined criticality index of all the packages on the aircraft are each no greater than 50. (2) On a cargo aircraft— (i) Each single package on the aircraft has a transport index no greater than 10.0. (ii) The combined transport index of all the packages on the aircraft is no greater than 200, and the combined criticality index of all the packages on the aircraft is no greater than— (A) 50 on a non-exclusive use cargo aircraft, or (B) 100 on an aircraft assigned for the exclusive use of the shipper [offeror] for the specific shipment of fissile Class 7 material. Instructions for the exclusive use must be developed by the shipper [offeror] and carrier, and the instructions must accompany the shipping papers. (3) The combined transport index and combined criticality index are determined by adding together the transport index and criticality index numbers, respectively, shown on the labels of the individual packages. (c) No person may carry in a passenger-carrying aircraft any package required to be labeled RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-II or RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III label unless the package is carried on the floor of the cargo compartment or freight container. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.5 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.701 Separation distance requirements for packages containing Class 7 (radioactive) materials in passenger-carrying aircraft. | PHMSA | (a) The following table prescribes the minimum separation distances that must be maintained in a passenger-carrying aircraft between Class 7 (radioactive) materials labeled RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-II or RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III and passengers and crew: (b) When transported aboard passenger-carrying aircraft packages, overpacks or freight containers labeled Radioactive Yellow-II or Radioactive Yellow-III must be separated from live animals by a distance of at least 0.5 m (20 inches) for journeys not exceeding 24 hours, and by a distance of at least 1.0 m (39 inches) for journeys longer than 24 hours. (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the minimum separation distances prescribed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section are determined by measuring the shortest distance between the surfaces of the Class 7 (radioactive) materials package and the surfaces bounding the space occupied by passengers or animals. If more than one package of Class 7 (radioactive) materials is placed in a passenger-carrying aircraft, the minimum separation distance for these packages shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section on the basis of the sum of the transport index numbers of the individual packages or overpacks. (d) Predesignated areas. A package labeled RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-II or RADIOACTIVE YELLOW-III may be carried in a passenger-carrying aircraft in accordance with a system of predesignated areas established by the aircraft operator. Each aircraft operator that elects to use a system of predesignated areas shall submit a detailed description of the proposed system to the Associate Administrator for approval prior to implementation of the system. A proposed system of predesignated areas is approved if the Associate Administrator determines that it is designed to assure that: (1) The packages can be placed in each predesignated area in accordance with the minimum separation distances prescribed in paragraph (a) of this section; and (2) The predesignated areas are separated from… | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.6 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.702 Separation distance requirements for packages containing Class 7 (radioactive) materials in cargo aircraft. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 71 FR 54396, Sept. 14, 2006; 77 FR 60943, Oct. 5, 2012; 79 FR 40618, July 11, 2014] | (a) No person may carry in a cargo aircraft any package required by § 172.403 of this subchapter to be labeled Radioactive Yellow-II or Radioactive Yellow-III unless: (1) The total transport index for all packages does not exceed 50.0 and the packages are carried in accordance with § 175.701(a); or (2) The total transport index for all packages exceeds 50.0; and (i) The separation distance between the surfaces of the radioactive materials packages, overpacks or freight containers and any space occupied by live animals is at least 0.5 m (20 inches) for journeys not exceeding 24 hours and at least 1.0 m (39 inches) for journeys longer than 24 hours; and (ii) The minimum separation distances between the radioactive material and any areas occupied by persons that are specified in the following table are maintained: (b) In addition to the limits on combined criticality safety indexes stated in § 175.700(b), (1) The criticality safety index of any single group of packages must not exceed 50.0 (as used in this section, the term “group of packages” means packages that are separated from each other in an aircraft by a distance of 6 m (20 feet) or less); and (2) Each group of packages must be separated from every other group in the aircraft by not less than 6 m (20 feet), measured from the outer surface of each group. | |||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.7 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.703 Other special requirements for the acceptance and carriage of packages containing Class 7 materials. | PHMSA | (a) No person may accept for carriage in an aircraft packages of Class 7 materials, other than limited quantities, contained in a rigid or non-rigid overpack, including a fiberboard box or plastic bag, unless they have been prepared for shipment in accordance with § 172.403(h) of this subchapter. (b) Each shipment of fissile material packages must conform to the requirements of §§ 173.457 and 173.459 of this subchapter. (c) No person shall offer or accept for transportation, or transport, by air— (1) Vented Type B(M) packages, packages which require external cooling by an ancillary cooling system or packages subject to operational controls during transport; or (2) Liquid pyrophoric Class 7 (radioactive) materials. (d) Packages with radiation levels at the package surface or a transport index in excess of the limits specified in § 173.441(a) of this subchapter may not be transported by aircraft except under special arrangements approved by the Associate Administrator. | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.8 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.704 Plutonium shipments. | PHMSA | Shipments of plutonium which are subject to 10 CFR 71.88(a)(4) must comply with the following: (a) Each package containing plutonium must be secured and restrained to prevent shifting under normal conditions. (b) A package of plutonium having a gross mass less than 40 kg (88 pounds) and both its height and diameter less than 50 cm (19.7 inches)— (1) May not be transported aboard an aircraft carrying other cargo required to bear a Division 1.1 label; and (2) Must be stowed aboard the aircraft on the main deck or the lower cargo compartment in the aft-most location that is possible for cargo of its size and weight, and no other cargo may be stowed aft of packages containing plutonium. (c) A package of plutonium exceeding the size and weight limitations in paragraph (b) of this section— (1) May not be transported aboard an aircraft carrying other cargo required to bear any of the following labels: Class 1 (all Divisions), Class 2 (all Divisions), Class 3, Class 4 (all Divisions), Class 5 (all Divisions), or Class 8; and (2) Must be securely cradled and tied down to the main deck of the aircraft in a manner that restrains the package against the following internal forces acting separately relative to the deck of the aircraft; Upward, 2g; Forward, 9g; Sideward, 1.5g; Downward, 4.5g. | ||||
| 49:49:2.1.1.3.12.3.25.9 | 49 | Transportation | I | C | 175 | PART 175—CARRIAGE BY AIRCRAFT | C | Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applicable According to Classification of Material | § 175.705 Radioactive contamination. | PHMSA | [71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, as amended at 79 FR 40618, July 11, 2014; 80 FR 1164, Jan. 8, 2015] | (a) A carrier shall take care to avoid possible inhalation, ingestion, or contact by any person with Class 7 (radioactive) materials that may have been released from their packagings. (b) When contamination is present or suspected, the package containing a Class 7 material, any loose Class 7 material, associated packaging material, and any other materials that have been contaminated must be segregated as far as practicable from personnel contact until radiological advice or assistance is obtained from the U.S. Department of Energy or appropriate State or local radiological authorities. (c) An aircraft in which Class 7 (radioactive) material has been released must be taken out of service and may not be returned to service or routinely occupied until the aircraft is checked for radioactive substances and it is determined that any radioactive substances present do not meet the definition of radioactive material, as defined in § 173.403 of this subchapter, and it is determined in accordance with § 173.443 of this subchapter that the dose rate at every accessible surface must not exceed 0.005 mSv per hour (0.5 mrem per hour) and there is no significant removable surface contamination. (d) Each aircraft used routinely for transporting Class 7 materials shall be periodically checked for radioactive contamination, and an aircraft must be taken out of service if contamination exceeds the level specified in paragraph (c). The frequency of these checks shall be related to the likelihood of contamination and the extent to which Class 7 materials are transported. (e) In addition to the reporting requirements of (§§ 171.15 and 171.16 of this subchapter and § 175.31 of this part, an aircraft operator shall notify the offeror at the earliest practicable moment following any incident in which there has been breakage, spillage, or suspected radioactive contamination involving Class 7 (radioactive) materials shipments. |
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title_number INTEGER,
title_name TEXT,
chapter TEXT,
subchapter TEXT,
part_number TEXT,
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subpart TEXT,
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agency TEXT,
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CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_agency ON cfr_sections(agency);