cfr_sections
Data license: Public Domain (U.S. Government data) · Data source: Federal Register API & Regulations.gov API
89 rows where agency = "NHTSA" and part_number = 571 sorted by section_id
This data as json, CSV (advanced)
Suggested facets: subpart, subpart_name
| section_id ▼ | title_number | title_name | chapter | subchapter | part_number | part_name | subpart | subpart_name | section_number | section_heading | agency | authority | source_citation | amendment_citations | full_text |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.1 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.1 Scope. | NHTSA | [33 FR 19703, Dec. 25, 1968. Redesignated at 35 FR 5118, Mar. 26, 1970] | This part contains the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards for motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment established under section 103 of the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966 (80 Stat. 718). | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.2 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.3 Definitions. | NHTSA | [33 FR 19703, Dec. 25, 1968. Redesignated at 35 FR 5118, Mar. 26, 1970] | (a) Statutory definitions. All terms defined in section 102 of the Act are used in their statutory meaning. (b) Other definitions. As used in this chapter— Act means the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966 (80 Stat. 718). Approved, unless used with reference to another person, means approved by the Secretary. Boat trailer means a trailer designed with cradle-type mountings to transport a boat and configured to permit launching of the boat from the rear of the trailer. Bus means a motor vehicle with motive power, except a trailer, designed for carrying more than 10 persons. Curb weight means the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment; maximum capacity of engine fuel, oil, and coolant; and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine. Designated seating capacity means the number of designated seating positions provided. Designated seating position means: (1) For vehicles manufactured prior to September 1, 2011, any plan view location capable of accommodating a person at least as large as a 5th percentile adult female, if the overall seat configuration and design and vehicle design is such that the position is likely to be used as a seating position while the vehicle is in motion, except for auxiliary seating accommodations such as temporary or folding jump seats. Any bench or split-bench seat in a passenger car, truck or multipurpose passenger vehicle with a GVWR less than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds), having greater than 127 centimeters (50 inches) of hip room (measured in accordance with Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Recommended Practice J1100a, revised September 1975, “Motor Vehicle Dimensions” (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), shall have not less than three designated seating positions, unless the seat design or vehicle design is such that the center position cannot be used for seating. For the sole purpose of determining the classification of any vehicle sold or introduced into interstate commerce for purposes that i… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.3 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.4 Explanation of usage. | NHTSA | [36 FR 2511, Feb. 5, 1971] | The word any, used in connection with a range of values or set of items in the requirements, conditions, and procedures of the standards or regulations in this chapter, means generally the totality of the items or values, any one of which may be selected by the Administration for testing, except where clearly specified otherwise. “Each tire shall be capable of meeting the requirements of this standard when mounted on any rim specified by the manufacturer as suitable for use with that tire.” This means that, where the manufacturer specifies more than one rim as suitable for use with a tire, the tire must meet the requirements with whatever rim the Administration selects from the specified group. “Any one of the items listed below may, at the option of the manufacturer, be substituted for the hardware specified in S4.1.” Here the wording clearly indicates that the selection of items is at the manufacturer's option. | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.4 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.5 Matter incorporated by reference. | NHTSA | [77 FR 752, Jan. 6, 2012, as amended at 77 FR 11647, Feb. 27, 2012; 77 FR 51671, Aug. 24, 2012; 78 FR 21852, Apr. 12, 2013; 79 FR 19243, Apr. 7, 2014; 80 FR 36100, June 23, 2015; 81 FR 90514, Dec. 14, 2016; 87 FR 34808, June 8, 2022; 87 FR 39309, Aug. 1, 2022; 88 FR 84586, Dec. 5, 2023; 89 FR 39779, May 9, 2024; 89 FR 76271, Sept. 17, 2024; 90 FR 1341, Jan. 7, 2025; 90 FR 6277, Jan. 17, 2025] | (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than that specified in this section, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) must publish a document in the Federal Register and the material must be available to the public. All approved incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for inspection at NHTSA and at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Contact NHTSA at: NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590, (202) 366-2588, website: https://www.nhtsa.gov/about-nhtsa/electronic-reading-room . For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email: fr.inspection@nara.gov, or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html . The material may be obtained from the sources in the following paragraphs of this section. (b) American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), 1 Davis Dr., P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Web site: https://www.aatcc.org. (1) AATCC Test Method 30-1981, “Fungicides, Evaluation on Textiles: Mildew and Rot Resistance of Textiles,” into § 571.209. (2) AATCC Gray Scale for Evaluating Change in Color into §§ 571.209; 571.213. (3) AATCC Evaluation Procedure (EP) 1-2007, Gray Scale for Color Change, reaffirmed 2007; into § 571.213b. (c) American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 1899 L St., NW., 11th floor, Washington, DC 20036. Telephone: (202) 293-8020; Fax: (202) 293-9287; Web site: https://www.ansi.org. Copies of ANSI/RESNA Standard WC/Vol.1-1998 Section 13 may also be obtained from Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America (RESNA), 1700 North Moore St., Suite 1540, Arlington, VA 22209-1903. Telephone: (703) 524-6686; Web site https://www.resna.org. (1) ANSI S1.11-2004, “Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters,” approved Februar… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.5 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.7 Applicability. | NHTSA | [33 FR 19703, Dec. 25, 1968. Redesignated at 35 FR 5118, Mar. 26, 1970, and amended at 36 FR 7855, Apr. 27, 1971; 38 FR 12808, May 16, 1973; 40 FR 49341, Oct. 22, 1975; 41 FR 27074, July 1, 1976] | (a) General. Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, each standard set forth in subpart B of this part applies according to its terms to all motor vehicles or items of motor vehicle equipment the manufacture of which is completed on or after the effective date of the standard. (b) [Reserved] (c) Military vehicles. No standard applies to a vehicle or item of equipment manufactured for, and sold directly to, the Armed Forces of the United States in conformity with contractual specifications. (d) Export. No standard applies to a vehicle or item of equipment in the circumstances provided in section 108(b)(5) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1397 (b)(5)). (e) Combining new and used components. When a new cab is used in the assembly of a truck, the truck will be considered newly manufactured for purposes of paragraph (a) of this section, the application of the requirements of this chapter, and the Act, unless the engine, transmission, and drive axle(s) (as a minimum) of the assembled vehicle are not new, and at least two of these components were taken from the same vehicle. (f) Combining new and used components in trailer manufacture. When new materials are used in the assembly of a trailer, the trailer will be considered newly manufactured for purposes of paragraph (a) of this section, the application of the requirements of this chapter, and the Act, unless, at a minimum, the trailer running gear assembly (axle(s), wheels, braking and suspension) is not new, and was taken from an existing trailer— (1) Whose identity is continued in the reassembled vehicle with respect to the Vehicle Identification Number; and (2) That is owned or leased by the user of the reassembled vehicle. | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.6 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.8 Effective date. | NHTSA | [70 FR 7435, Feb. 14, 2005] | (a) Firefighting vehicles. Notwithstanding the effective date provisions of the motor vehicle safety standards in this part, the effective date of any standard or amendment of a standard issued after September 1, 1971, to which firefighting vehicles must conform shall be, with respect to such vehicles, either 2 years after the date on which such standard or amendment is published in the rules and regulations section of the Federal Register, or the effective date specified in the notice, whichever is later, except as such standard or amendment may otherwise specifically provide with respect to firefighting vehicles. (b) Vehicles built in two or more stages vehicles and altered vehicles. Unless Congress directs or the agency expressly determines that this paragraph does not apply, the date for manufacturer certification of compliance with any standard, or amendment to a standard, that is issued on or after September 1, 2006 is, insofar as its application to intermediate and final-stage manufacturers and alterers is concerned, one year after the last applicable date for manufacturer certification of compliance. Nothing in this provision shall be construed as prohibiting earlier compliance with the standard or amendment or as precluding NHTSA from extending a compliance effective date for intermediate and final-stage manufacturers and alterers by more than one year. | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.7 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.9 Separability. | NHTSA | [33 FR 19705, Dec. 25, 1968. Redesignated at 35 FR 5118, Mar. 26, 1970] | If any standard established in this part or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the part and the application of that standard to other persons or circumstances is not affected thereby. | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.1.7.8 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | A | Subpart A—General | § 571.10 Designation of seating positions. | NHTSA | [73 FR 58897, Oct. 8, 2008, as amended at 74 FR 68190, Dec. 23, 2009; 78 FR 68756, Nov. 15, 2013; 79 FR 57830, Sept. 26, 2014] | (a) Application. This section applies to passenger cars, trucks, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and buses manufactured on or after September 1, 2010. However, paragraph (b) of this section does not apply to trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating greater than 10,000 lbs, school buses, police vehicles as defined in S7 of Standard No. 208 (49 CFR 571.208), firefighting vehicles, ambulances, or motor homes. To determine the number of passenger seating positions in school buses, see S4.1 of Standard No. 222 (49 CFR 571.222). (b) Number of designated seating positions. The formula for calculating the number of designated seating positions (N) for any seat location with a seating surface width greater than 330 mm (13 inches) is as follows: (1) For seat locations with a seating surface width, as described in paragraph (c), of less than 1400 mm (55.2 inches): N = The greater of 1 or [seating surface width (in mm)/350] rounded down to the nearest whole number; (2) For seat locations with a seating surface width, as described in paragraph (c), greater than or equal to 1400 mm (55.2 inches): N = No less than [seating surface width (in mm)/450] rounded down to the nearest whole number. (c) Seating surface measurement. (1) As used in this section, “seating surface” only includes the seat cushion and soft trim and excludes unpadded trim components such as a decorative seat shield, seat adjusters, or adjuster covers. As used in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section, “outboard” and “inboard” are determined with respect to the measurement zone established in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section. As used in this section, “seating surface width” is the maximum horizontal width of a seating surface determined by the following procedure: (i) Establish a measurement zone bounded by two vertical planes oriented perpendicular to the direction the seat is facing. One is located 150 mm (5.9 inches) behind the front leading surface of the seat and the other is located 250 mm (9.8 … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.1 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.101 Standard No. 101; Controls and displays. | NHTSA | [70 FR 48305, Aug. 17, 2005, as amended at 71 FR 27971, May 15, 2006; 72 FR 17305, Apr. 6, 2007; 73 FR 54537, Sept. 22, 2008; 74 FR 40764, Aug. 13, 2009; 80 FR 36100, June 23, 2015; 80 FR 54734, Sept. 11, 2015; 90 FR 459, Jan. 3, 2025] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies performance requirements for location, identification, color, and illumination of motor vehicle controls, telltales and indicators. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to ensure the accessibility, visibility and recognition of motor vehicle controls, telltales and indicators, and to facilitate the proper selection of controls under daylight and nighttime conditions, in order to reduce the safety hazards caused by the diversion of the driver's attention from the driving task, and by mistakes in selecting controls. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S4. Definitions. Adjacent, with respect to a control, telltale or indicator, and its identifier means: (a) The identifier is in close proximity to the control, telltale or indicator; and (b) No other control, telltale, indicator, identifier or source of illumination appears between the identifier and the telltale, indicator, or control that the identifier identifies. Common space means an area on which more than one telltale, indicator, identifier, or other message may be displayed, but not simultaneously. Control means the hand-operated part of a device that enables the driver to change the state or functioning of the vehicle or a vehicle subsystem. Indicator means a device that shows the magnitude of the physical characteristics that the instrument is designed to sense. Identifier means a symbol, word, or words used to identify a control, telltale, or indicator. Multi-function control means a control through which the driver may select, and affect the operation of, more than one vehicle function. Multi-task display means a display on which more than one message can be shown simultaneously. Telltale means an optical signal that, when illuminated, indicates the actuation of a device, a correct or improper functioning or condition, or a failure to function. S5. Requirements. Each passenger car, multipurpose passenger vehicle… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.10 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.110 Tire selection and rims and motor home/recreation vehicle trailer load carrying capacity information for motor vehicles with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements for tire selection to prevent tire overloading and for motor home/recreation vehicle trailer load carrying capacity information. S2. Application. This standard applies to motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less, except for motorcycles, and to non-pneumatic spare tire assemblies for those vehicles. S3. Definitions. Accessory weight means the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory-installed equipment (whether installed or not). Curb weight means the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine. Maximum loaded vehicle weight means the sum of— (a) Curb weight; (b) Accessory weight; (c) Vehicle capacity weight; and (d) Production options weight. Light truck (LT) tire means a tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles. Non-pneumatic rim is used as defined in § 571.129. Non-pneumatic spare tire assembly means a non-pneumatic tire assembly intended for temporary use in place of one of the pneumatic tires and rims that are fitted to a passenger car in compliance with the requirements of this standard. Non-pneumatic tire and non-pneumatic tire assembly are used as defined in § 571.129. Normal occupant weight means 68 kilograms times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table I. Occupant distribution means distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table I. Passenger car tire means a tire intended for use on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) o… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.11 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.111 Standard No. 111; Rear visibility. | NHTSA | [41 FR 36025, Aug. 26, 1976, as amended at 41 FR 56813, Dec. 30, 1976; 47 FR 38700, Sept. 2, 1982; 48 FR 38844, Aug. 26, 1983; 48 FR 40262, Sept. 6, 1983; 56 FR 58516, Nov. 20, 1991; 57 FR 57015, Dec. 2, 1992; 58 FR 60402, Nov. 16, 1993; 60 FR 15692, Mar. 27, 1995; 63 FR 28929, May 27, 1998; 63 FR 51000, Sept. 24, 1998; 69 FR 18497, Apr. 8, 2004; 77 FR 758, Jan. 6, 2012; 79 FR 19243, Apr. 7, 2014] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for rear visibility devices and systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and injuries that occur when the driver of a motor vehicle does not have a clear and reasonably unobstructed view to the rear. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, school buses, motorcycles and low-speed vehicles. S4. Definitions. Backing event means an amount of time which starts when the vehicle's direction selector is placed in reverse, and ends at the manufacturer's choosing, when the vehicle forward motion reaches: (a) a speed of 10 mph, (b) a distance of 10 meters traveled, or (c) a continuous duration of 10 seconds. Convex mirror means a mirror having a curved reflective surface whose shape is the same as that of the exterior surface of a section of a sphere. Effective mirror surface means the portions of a mirror that reflect images, excluding the mirror rim or mounting brackets. Environmental test fixture means a device designed to support the external components of the rear visibility system for testing purposes, using any factory seal which would be used during normal vehicle operation, in a manner that simulates the on-vehicle component orientation during normal vehicle operation, and prevents the exposure of any test conditions to portions of the external component which are not exposed to the outside of the motor vehicle. External component means any part of the rear visibility system which is exposed to the outside of the motor vehicle. Key means a physical device or an electronic code which, when inserted into the starting system (by physical or electronic means), enables the vehicle operator to activate the engine or motor. Limited line manufacturer means a manufacturer that sells three or fewer carlines, as that term is defined in 49 CFR 583.4, in the United States during a production year, as that term is defined in S15. Rearview image … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.12 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.112 [Reserved] | NHTSA | ||||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.13 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.113 Standard No. 113; Hood latch system. | NHTSA | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard establishes the requirement for providing a hood latch system or hood latch systems. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S3. Definitions. Hood means any exterior movable body panel forward of the windshield that is used to cover an engine, luggage, storage, or battery compartment. S4. Requirements. S4.1 Each hood must be provided with a hood latch system. S4.2 A front opening hood which, in any open position, partially or completely obstructs a driver's forward view through the windshield must be provided with a second latch position on the hood latch system or with a second hood latch system. | |||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.14 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.114 Standard No. 114; Theft protection and rollaway prevention. | NHTSA | [71 FR 17755, Apr. 7, 2006, as amended at 75 FR 15624, Mar. 30, 2010] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies vehicle performance requirements intended to reduce the incidence of crashes resulting from theft and accidental rollaway of motor vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to decrease the likelihood that a vehicle is stolen, or accidentally set in motion. S3. Application. This standard applies to all passenger cars, and to trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less. However, it does not apply to walk-in van-type vehicles. Additionally, paragraph S5.3 of this standard applies to all motor vehicles, except trailers and motorcycles, with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less. S4. Definitions. Combination means a variation of the key that permits the starting system of a particular vehicle to be operated. Key means a physical device or an electronic code which, when inserted into the starting system (by physical or electronic means), enables the vehicle operator to activate the engine or motor. Open-body type vehicle means a vehicle having no occupant compartment doors or vehicle having readily detachable occupant compartment doors. Starting system means the vehicle system used in conjunction with the key to activate the engine or motor. Vehicle type , as used in S5.1.2, refers to passenger car, truck, or multipurpose passenger vehicle, as those terms are defined in 49 CFR 571.3. S5 Requirements. Each vehicle subject to this standard must meet the requirements of S5.1, S5.2, and S5.3. Open-body type vehicles are not required to comply with S5.1.3. S5.1 Theft protection. S5.1.1 Each vehicle must have a starting system which, whenever the key is removed from the starting system prevents: (a) The normal activation of the vehicle's engine or motor; and (b) Either steering, or forward self-mobility, of the vehicle, or both. S5.1.2 For each vehicle type manufactured by a manufacturer, the manufacturer must provide at least 1,000 unique key combinations, or a number equal to the tot… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.15 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.115 [Reserved] | NHTSA | ||||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.16 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.116 Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for fluids for use in hydraulic brake systems of motor vehicles, containers for these fluids, and labeling of the containers. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce failures in the hydraulic braking systems of motor vehicles which may occur because of the manufacture or use of improper or contaminated fluid. S3. Application. This standard applies to all fluid for use in hydraulic brake systems of motor vehicles. In addition, S5.3 applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, trailers, and motorcycles. S4. Definitions. Blister means a cavity or sac on the surface of a brake cup. Brake fluid means a liquid designed for use in a motor vehicle hydraulic brake system in which it will contact elastomeric components made of styrene and butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene and propylene rubber (EPR), polychloroprene (CR) brake hose inner tube stock or natural rubber (NR). Chipping means a condition in which small pieces are missing from the outer surface of a brake cup. Duplicate samples means two samples of brake fluid taken from a single packaged lot and tested simultaneously. Hydraulic system mineral oil means a mineral-oil-based fluid designed for use in motor vehicle hydraulic brake systems in which the fluid is not in contact with components made of SBR, EPR or NR. Packager means any person who fills containers with brake fluid that are subsequently distributed for retail sale. Packaged lot is that quantity of brake fluid shipped by the manufacturer to the packager in a single container, or that quantity of brake fluid manufactured by a single plant run of 24 hours or less, through the same processing equipment and with no change in ingredients. Scuffing means a visible erosion of a portion of the outer surface of a brake cup. A silicone base brake fluid (SBBF) is a brake fluid which consists of not less than 70 percent by weight of a diorgano polysiloxane. Sloughing means degradation of a brake c… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.17 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.117 Standard No. 117; Retreaded pneumatic tires. | NHTSA | [37 FR 5952, Mar. 23, 1972, as amended at 37 FR 11775, June 14, 1972; 38 FR 2982, Jan. 31, 1973; 38 FR 6999, Mar. 15, 1973; 38 FR 9688, Apr. 19, 1973; 39 FR 1443, Jan. 9, 1974; 39 FR 3553, Jan. 28, 1974; 39 FR 36016, Oct. 7, 1974; 39 FR 39884, Nov. 12, 1974; 61 FR 29494, June 11, 1996; 63 FR 28920, May 27, 1998; 67 FR 69627, Nov. 18, 2002; 69 FR 31319, June 3, 2004] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies performance, labeling, and certification requirements for retreaded pneumatic passenger car tires. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to require retreaded pneumatic passenger car tires to meet safety criteria similar to those for new pneumatic passenger car tires. S3. Application. This standard applies to retreaded pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars manufactured after 1948. S4. Definitions. S4.1 Casing means a used tire to which additional tread may be attached for the purpose of retreading. Retreaded means manufactured by a process in which a tread is attached to a casing. S4.2 All terms defined in §§ 571.109 and 571.110 are used as defined therein. S5. Requirements. S5.1 Retreaded tires. S5.1.1 Except as specified in S5.1.3, each retreaded tire, when mounted on a test rim of the width specified for the tire's size designation in appendix A of § 571.109 shall comply with the following requirements of § 571.109: (a) S4.1 (Size and construction). (b) S4.2.1 (General). (c) S4.2.2.3 (Tubeless tire resistance to bead unseating). (d) S4.2.2.4 (Tire strength). S5.1.2 Except as specified in S5.1.3, each retreaded tire, when mounted on a test rim of the width specified for the tire's size designation in appendix A of § 571.109, shall comply with the requirements of S4.2.2.2 of § 571.109, except that the tire's section width shall not be more than 110 percent of the section width specified, and the tire's size factor shall be at least 97 percent of the size factor specified, in appendix A of § 571.109 for the tire's size designation. S5.1.3 Each retreaded tire shall be capable of meeting the requirements of S5.1.1 and S5.1.2 when mounted on any rim in accordance with those sections. S5.1.4 No retreaded tire shall have a size designation, recommended maximum load rating, or maximum permissible inflation pressure that is greater than that originally specified on the casing pursuant to S4.3 of § 571.109, or specified for the casing in Table I. S… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.18 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.118 Standard No. 118; Power-operated window, partition, and roof panel systems. | NHTSA | [56 FR 15294, Apr. 16, 1991, as amended at 57 FR 23963, June 5, 1992; 57 FR 28012, June 23, 1992; 58 FR 16785, Mar. 31, 1993; 60 FR 13644, Mar. 14, 1995; 69 FR 55531, 55544, Sept. 15, 2004; 71 FR 18683, Apr. 12, 2006; 71 FR 25285, Apr. 28, 2006; 73 FR 38339, July 7, 2008] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements for power operated window, partition, and roof panel systems to minimize the likelihood of death or injury from their accidental operation. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kilograms or less. This standard's inadvertent actuation performance requirements of S6(a) need not be met for vehicles manufactured before October 1, 2008. The standard's pull-to-close switch operability requirements of S6(c) need not be met for vehicles manufactured before October 1, 2010. S3. Definitions. Infrared reflectance means the ratio of the intensity of infrared light reflected and scattered by a flat sample of the test rod material to the intensity of infrared light reflected and scattered by a mirror that reflects 99.99 percent of the infrared radiation incident on its surface as measured by the apparatus show in Figure 2. Power operated roof panel systems mean moveable panels in the vehicle roof which close by vehicle supplied power either by a sliding or hinged motion, and do not include convertible top systems. S4. Operating requirements. Except as provided in S5, power operated window, partition, or roof panel systems may be closed only in the following circumstances: (a) When the key that controls activation of the vehicle's engine is in the “ON”, “START”, or “ACCESSORY” position; (b) By muscular force unassisted by vehicle supplied power; (c) Upon continuous activation by a locking system on the exterior of the vehicle; (d) Upon continuous activation of a remote actuation device, provided that the remote actuation device shall be incapable of closing the power window, partition or roof panel from a distance of more than 6 meters from the vehicle; (e) During the interval between the time the locking device which controls the activation of the vehicle's engine is turned off and the opening of either of a two-door vehicle's doors or, in th… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.19 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.119 Standard No. 119; New pneumatic tires for motor vehicles with a GVWR of more than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds), specialty tires, and tires for motorcycles. | NHTSA | [38 FR 31301, Nov. 13, 1973] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance and marking requirements for tires for use on motor vehicles with a GVWR of more than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds), specialty tires, and tires for motorcycles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide safe operational performance levels for tires used on motor vehicles with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds, trailers, and motorcycles, and to place sufficient information on the tires to permit their proper selection and use. S3. Application. This standard applies to: (a) New pneumatic tires for use on motor vehicles with a GVWR of more than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) manufactured after 1948; (b) New pneumatic light truck tires with a tread depth of 18/32 inch or greater, for use on motor vehicles with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less manufactured after 1948; (c) Tires for use on special-use trailers (ST, FI and 8-12 rim or lower diameter code); and (d) Tires for use on motorcycles manufactured after 1948. S4. Definitions. All terms defined in the Act and the rules and standards issued under its authority are used as defined therein. Light truck tire means a tire designated by its manuafacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles. Model rim assembly means a test device that (a) includes a rim which conforms to the published dimensions of a commercially available rim, (b) includes an air valve assembly when used for testing tubeless tires or an innertube and flap (as required) when used for testing tubetype tires, and (c) undergoes no permanent rim deformation and allows no loss of air through the portion that it comprises of the tire-rim pressure chamber when a tire is properly mounted on the assembly and subjected to the requirements of this standard. S5. Tire and rim matching information. S5.1 Each manufacturer of tires shall ensure that a listing of the rims that may be used with each tire that he produces is provided to the public. For purposes of th… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.2 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.102 Standard No. 102; Transmission shift position sequence, starter interlock, and transmission braking effect. | NHTSA | [70 FR 38051, July 1, 2005, as amended at 70 FR 75965, Dec. 22, 2005] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies the requirements for the transmission shift position sequence, a starter interlock, and for a braking effect of automatic transmissions, to reduce the likelihood of shifting errors, to prevent starter engagement by the driver when the transmission is in any drive position, and to provide supplemental braking at speeds below 40 kilometers per hour (25 miles per hour). S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S3. Requirements. S3.1 Automatic transmissions. S3.1.1 Location of transmission shift positions on passenger cars. A neutral position shall be located between forward drive and reverse drive positions. S3.1.1.1 Transmission shift levers. If a steering-column-mounted transmission shift lever is used, movement from neutral position to forward drive position shall be clockwise. If the transmission shift lever sequence includes a park position, it shall be located at the end, adjacent to the reverse drive position. S3.1.2 Transmission braking effect. In vehicles having more than one forward transmission gear ratio, one forward drive position shall provide a greater degree of engine braking than the highest speed transmission ratio at vehicle speeds below 40 kilometers per hour (25 miles per hour). S3.1.3 Starter interlock. Except as provided in S3.1.3.1 through S3.1.3.3, the engine starter shall be inoperative when the transmission shift position is in a forward or reverse drive position. S3.1.3.1 After the driver has activated the vehicle's propulsion system: (a) The engine may stop and restart automatically when the transmission shift position is in any forward drive gear; (b) The engine may not automatically stop when the transmission is in reverse gear; and (c) The engine may automatically restart in reverse gear only if the vehicle satisfies (1) and (2): (1) When the engine is automatically stopped in a forward drive shift position and the driver selects Reverse, the engine restarts… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.20 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.120 Tire selection and rims and motor home/recreation vehicle trailer load carrying capacity information for motor vehicles with a GVWR of more than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds). | NHTSA | [42 FR 7144, Feb. 7, 1977] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies tire and rim selection requirements, rim marking requirements and motor home/recreation vehicle trailer load carrying capacity information. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide safe operational performance by ensuring that vehicles to which it applies are equipped with tires of adequate size and load rating and with rims of appropriate size and type designation, and by ensuring that consumers are informed of motor home/recreation vehicle trailer load carrying capacity. S3. Application. This standard applies to motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of more than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds and motorcycles, to rims for use on those vehicles, and to non-pneumatic spare tire assemblies for use on those vehicles. S4. Definitions. All terms defined in the Act and the rules and standards issued under its authority are used as defined therein. Rim base means the portion of a rim remaining after removal of all split or continuous rim flanges, side rings, and locking rings that can be detached from the rim. Rim size designation means rim diameter and width. Rim diameter means nominal diameter of the bead seat. Rim width means nominal distance between rim flanges. Rim type designation means the industry or manufacturer's designation for a rim by style or code. Weather side means the surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire. S5. Requirements. S5.1 Tire and rim selection. S5.1.1 Except as specified in S5.1.3, each vehicle equipped with pneumatic tires for highway service shall be equipped with tires that meet the requirements of § 571.109, § 571.119 or § 571.139, and rims that are listed by the manufacturer of the tires as suitable for use with those tires, in accordance with S4.4 of § 571.109 or S5.1 of § 571.119, as applicable, except that vehicles may be equipped with a non-pneumatic spare tire assembly that meets the requirements of § 571.129, New non-pneumatic tires for passenger cars, and S8 of this sta… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.21 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.121 Standard No. 121; Air brake systems. | NHTSA | [61 FR 27290, May 31, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 49695, Sept. 23, 1996; 61 FR 60636, Nov. 29, 1996; 63 FR 7727, Feb. 17, 1998; 66 FR 64158, Dec. 12, 2001; 67 FR 36820, May 28, 2002; 68 FR 47497, Aug. 11, 2003; 74 FR 9176, Mar. 3, 2009; 74 FR 42785, Aug. 25, 2009; 75 FR 15620, Mar. 30, 2010; 76 FR 44833, July 27, 2011; 77 FR 759, Jan. 6, 2012; 78 FR 9628, Feb. 11, 2013; 78 FR 21853, Apr. 12, 2013; 87 FR 34808, June 8, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance and equipment requirements for braking systems on vehicles equipped with air brake systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to insure safe braking performance under normal and emergency conditions. S3. Application. This standard applies to trucks, buses, and trailers equipped with air brake systems. However, it does not apply to: (a) Any trailer that has a width of more than 102.36 inches with extendable equipment in the fully retracted position and is equipped with two short track axles in a line across the width of the trailer. (b) Any vehicle equipped with an axle that has a gross axle weight rating (GAWR) of 29,000 pounds or more; (c) Any truck or bus that has a speed attainable in 2 miles of not more than 33 mph; (d) Any truck that has a speed attainable in 2 miles of not more than 45 mph, an unloaded vehicle weight that is not less than 95 percent of its gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), and no capacity to carry occupants other than the driver and operating crew; (e) Any trailer that has a GVWR of more than 120,000 pounds and whose body conforms to that described in the definition of heavy hauler trailer set forth in S4; (f) Any trailer that has an unloaded vehicle weight which is not less than 95 percent of its GVWR; and (g) Any load divider dolly. S4. Definitions. Agricultural commodity trailer means a trailer that is designed to transport bulk agricultural commodities in off-road harvesting sites and to a processing plant or storage location, as evidenced by skeletal construction that accommodates harvest containers, a maximum length of 28 feet, and an arrangement of air control lines and reservoirs that minimizes damage in field operations. Air brake system means a system that uses air as a medium for transmitting pressure or force from the driver control to the service brake, including an air-over-hydraulic brake subsystem, but does not include a system that uses compressed air or vacuum only to assist the driver in ap… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.22 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.122 Standard No. 122; Motorcycle brake systems. | NHTSA | [77 FR 51671, Aug. 24, 2012, as amended at 86 FR 1298, Jan. 8, 2021; 87 FR 34810, June 8, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for motorcycle service brake systems and, where applicable, associated parking brake systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of the standard is to ensure safe motorcycle braking performance under normal and emergency riding conditions. S3. Application. This standard applies to category 3-1 motorcycles, category 3-2 motorcycles, category 3-3 motorcycles, and category 3-4 motorcycles manufactured on and after September 1, 2014. This standard applies to category 3-5 motorcycles manufactured on and after September 1, 2015. At the manufacturer's option, any motorcycle manufactured on or after October 23, 2012 may comply with this standard. S4. Definitions. Antilock brake system or ABS means a system which senses wheel slip and automatically modulates the pressure producing the braking forces at the wheel(s) to limit the degree of wheel slip. Baseline test means a stop or a series of stops carried out in order to confirm the performance of the brake prior to subjecting it to a further test such as the heating procedure or wet brake stop. Brake means those parts of the brake system where the forces opposing the movement of the motorcycle are developed. Brake system means the combination of parts consisting of the control, the brake, and the components that provide the functional link between the control and the brake, but excluding the engine, whose function it is to progressively reduce the speed of a moving motorcycle, bring it to a halt, and keep it stationary when halted. Category 3-1 motorcycle means a two-wheeled motorcycle with an engine cylinder capacity in the case of a thermic engine not exceeding 50 cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) and whatever the means of propulsion a maximum design speed not exceeding 50 kilometers per hour (km/h). Category 3-2 motorcycle means a three-wheeled motorcycle of any wheel arrangement with an engine cylinder capacity in the case of a thermic engine not exceeding 50 cm 3 and whatever the means of propulsion a maximum d… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.23 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.122a Standard No. 122; Motorcycle brake systems. | NHTSA | [37 FR 5034, Mar. 9, 1972, as amended at 37 FR 11974, June 16, 1972; 38 FR 14753, June 5, 1973; 39 FR 32914, Sept. 12, 1974; 39 FR 43075, Dec. 10, 1974; 41 FR 24593, June 17, 1976; 43 FR 9606, Mar. 9, 1978; 43 FR 46548, Oct. 10, 1978; 66 FR 42617, Aug. 14, 2001; 77 FR 760, Jan. 6, 2012. Redesignated and amended at 77 FR 51671, Aug. 24, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies performance requirements for motorcycle brake systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of the standard is to insure safe motorcycle braking performance under normal and emergency conditions. S3. Application. This standard applies to motorcycles. However, this standard does not apply to motorcycles certified to comply with § 571.122. S4. Definitions. Braking interval means the distance measured from the start of one brake application to the start of the next brake application. Initial brake temperature means the temperature of the hottest service brake of the vehicle 0.2 mile before any brake application. Skid number means the frictional resistance of a pavement measured in accordance with ASTM E274-70 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5) at 40 mph, omitting water delivery as specified in paragraphs 7.1 and 7.2 of that method. Stopping distance means the distance traveled by a vehicle from the start of the brake application to the point where the vehicle stops. Split service brake system means a brake system consisting of two or more subsystems actuated by a single control designed so that a leakage-type failure of a pressure component in a single subsystem (except structural failure of a housing that is common to all subsystems) shall not impair the operation of the other subsystem(s). S5. Requirements. Each motorcycle shall meet the following requirements under the conditions specified in S6, when tested according to the procedures and in the sequence specified in S7. Corresponding test procedures of S7 are indicated in parentheses. If a motorcycle is incapable of attaining a specified speed, its service brakes shall be capable of stopping the vehicle from the multiple of 5 m.p.h. that is 4 m.p.h. to 8 m.p.h. less than the speed attainable in 1 mile, within stopping distances that do not exceed the stopping distances specified in Table 1. S5.1 Required equipment—split service brake system. Each motorcycle shall have either a split service brake system or … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.24 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.123 Standard No. 123; Motorcycle controls and displays. | NHTSA | [37 FR 7207, Apr. 12, 1972, as amended at 37 FR 17475, Aug. 29, 1972; 39 FR 32915, Sept. 12, 1974; 48 FR 42819, Sept. 20, 1983; 49 FR 35381, Sept. 7, 1984; 49 FR 35504, Sept. 10, 1984; 56 FR 61387, Dec. 3, 1991; 63 FR 28933, May 27, 1998; 63 FR 51001, Sept. 24, 1998; 70 FR 51295, Aug. 30, 2005; 86 FR 1298, Jan. 8, 2020] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the location, operation, identification, and illumination of motorcycle controls and displays, and requirements for motorcycle stands and footrests. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to minimize accidents caused by operator error in responding to the motoring environment, by standardizing certain motorcycle controls and displays. S3. Application. This standard applies to motorcycles equipped with handlebars, except for motorcycles that are designed, and sold exclusively for use by law enforcement agencies. S4. Definitions. Clockwise and counterclockwise mean opposing directions of rotation around the following axes, as applicable. (a) The operational axis of the ignition control, viewed from in front of the ignition lock opening; (b) The axis of the right handlebar on which the twist-grip throttle is located, viewed from the end of that handlebar; (c) The axis perpendicular to the center of the speedometer, viewed from the operator's normal eye position. Scooter means a motorcycle that: (1) Has a platform for the operator's feet or has integrated footrests, and (2) Has a step-through architecture, meaning that the part of the vehicle forward of the operator's seat and between the legs of an operator seated in the riding position, is lower in height than the operator's seat. S5. Requirements. S5.1. Each motorcycle shall be equipped with a supplemental engine stop control, located and operable as specified in Table 1. S5.2 Each motorcycle to which this standard applies shall meet the following requirements: S5.2.1 Control location and operation. If any item of equipment listed in Table 1, Column 1, is provided, the control for such item shall be located as specified in Column 2, and operable as specified in Column 3. Each control located on a right handlebar shall be operable by the operator's right hand throughout its full range without removal of the operator's right hand from the throttle. Each control located on a left han… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.25 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.124 Standard No. 124; Accelerator control systems. | NHTSA | [38 FR 2980, Jan. 31, 1973, as amended at 60 FR 13645, Mar. 14, 1995] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements for the return of a vehicle's throttle to the idle position when the driver removes the actuating force from the accelerator control, or in the event of a severance or disconnection in the accelerator control system. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries resulting from engine overspeed caused by malfunctions in the accelerator control system. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S4. Definitions. S4.1 Driver-operated accelerator control system means all vehicle components, except the fuel metering device, that regulate engine speed in direct response to movement of the driver-operated control and that return the throttle to the idle position upon release of the actuating force. Fuel metering device means the carburetor, or in the case of certain engines the fuel injector, fuel distributor or fuel injection pump. Throttle means the component of the fuel metering device that connects to the driver-operated accelerator control system and that by input from the driver-operated accelerator control system controls the engine speed. Idle position means the position of the throttle at which it first comes in contact with an engine idle speed control appropriate for existing conditions according to the manufacturers' recommendations. These conditions include, but are not limited to, engine speed adjustments for cold engine, air conditioning, and emission control, and the use of throttle setting devices. Ambient temperature means the surrounding air temperature, at a distance such that it is not significantly affected by heat from the vehicle under test. S4.2 In the case of vehicles powered by electric motors, the words throttle and idle refer to the motor speed controller and motor shutdown, respectively. S5. Requirements. The vehicle shall meet the following requirements when the engine is running under any load condition, and at any a… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.26 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.125 Standard No. 125; Warning devices. | NHTSA | [39 FR 28636, Aug. 9, 1974, as amended at 40 FR 4, Jan. 2, 1975; 59 FR 49591, Sept. 29, 1994; 77 FR 760, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements for devices, without self-contained energy sources, that are designed to be carried in motor vehicles and used to warn approaching traffic of the presence of a stopped vehicle, except for devices designed to be permanently affixed to the vehicle. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries due to rear end collisions between moving traffic and disabled vehicles. S3. Application. This standard applies to devices, without self-contained energy sources, that are designed to be carried in buses and trucks that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) greater than 10,000 pounds. These devices are used to warn approaching traffic of the presence of a stopped vehicle, except for devices designed to be permanently affixed to the vehicle. S4. Definitions. Entrance angle means the angle having as its sides the line through the center, and normal to the face, of the object to be tested, and the line from the center of the object to the center of the source of illumination (Figure 2). Fluorescent means the property of emitting visible light due to the absorption of radiation of a shorter wavelength which may be outside the visible spectrum. Observation angle means the angle having as its sides the line from the observation point to the center of the object to be tested and the line from the center of that object to the center of the source of illumination (Figure 2). Reflex reflective means reflective of light in directions close to the direction of incident light, over a wide range of variations in the direction of incident light. S5. Requirements. S5.1 Equipment. S5.1.1 Reflex reflective material and fluorescent material that meet the requirements of this standard shall be affixed to both faces of the warning device. Alternatively, a dual purpose orange fluorescent and red reflective material that meets the requirements of this standard (hereafter referred to as “dual purpose material”) may be affixed to both faces in pla… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.27 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.126 Standard No. 126; Electronic stability control systems for light vehicles. | NHTSA | [72 FR 17310, Apr. 6, 2007, as amended at 72 FR 34410, June 22, 2007; 73 FR 54542, Sept. 22, 2008; 76 FR 55833, Sept. 9, 2011; 77 FR 760, Jan. 6, 2012; 87 FR 34810, June 8, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance and equipment requirements for electronic stability control (ESC) systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and injuries that result from crashes in which the driver loses directional control of the vehicle, including those resulting in vehicle rollover. S3 Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less, according to the phase-in schedule specified in S8 of this standard. S4. Definitions. Ackerman Steer Angle means the angle whose tangent is the wheelbase divided by the radius of the turn at a very low speed. Drive configuration means the driver-selected, or default, condition for distributing power from the engine to the drive wheels (examples include, but are not limited to, 2-wheel drive, front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, all-wheel drive, 4-wheel drive high gear with locked differential, and 4-wheel drive low gear). Electronic stability control system or ESC system means a system that has all of the following attributes: (1) That augments vehicle directional stability by applying and adjusting the vehicle brake torques individually to induce a correcting yaw moment to a vehicle; (2) That is computer-controlled with the computer using a closed-loop algorithm to limit vehicle oversteer and to limit vehicle understeer; (3) That has a means to determine the vehicle's yaw rate and to estimate its side slip or side slip derivative with respect to time; (4) That has a means to monitor driver steering inputs; (5) That has an algorithm to determine the need, and a means to modify engine torque, as necessary, to assist the driver in maintaining control of the vehicle; and (6) That is operational over the full speed range of the vehicle (except at vehicle speeds less than 20 km/h (12.4 mph), when being driven in reverse, or during system initialization). Lateral acceler… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.28 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.127 Standard No. 127; Automatic emergency braking systems for light vehicles. | NHTSA | [89 FR 39779, May 9, 2024, as amended at 89 FR 93220, Nov. 26, 2024; 89 FR 99732, Dec. 11, 2024] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance requirements for automatic emergency braking (AEB) systems for light vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and injuries that result from crashes in which drivers do not apply the brakes or fail to apply sufficient braking power to avoid or mitigate a crash. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less. S4. Definitions. Adaptive cruise control system is an automatic speed control system that allows the equipped vehicle to follow a lead vehicle at a pre-selected gap by controlling the engine, power train, and service brakes. Ambient illumination is the illumination as measured at the test surface, not including any illumination provided by the subject vehicle. Automatic emergency braking ( AEB) system is a system that detects an imminent collision with vehicles, objects, and road users in or near the path of a vehicle and automatically controls the vehicle's service brakes to avoid or mitigate the collision. Brake pedal application onset is when 11 N of force has been applied to the brake pedal. Forward collision warning is an auditory and visual warning provided to the vehicle operator by the AEB system that is designed to induce immediate forward crash avoidance response by the vehicle operator. Forward collision warning onset is the first moment in time when a forward collision warning is provided. Headway is the distance between the subject vehicle's frontmost plane normal to its centerline and as applicable: the vehicle test device's rearmost plane normal to its centerline; a parallel contact plane (to the subject vehicle's frontmost plane) on the pedestrian test mannequin; and the leading edge of the steel trench plate. Lead vehicle is a vehicle test device facing the same direction and preceding a subject vehicle within the same trave… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.29 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.128 [Reserved] | NHTSA | ||||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.3 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.103 Standard No. 103; Windshield defrosting and defogging systems. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 40 FR 12992, Mar. 24, 1975; 40 FR 32336, Aug. 1, 1975; 50 FR 48775, Nov. 27, 1985; 59 FR 11006, Mar. 9, 1994; 60 FR 13642, Mar. 14, 1995; 77 FR 755, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for windshield defrosting and defogging systems. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S3. Definitions. Road load means the power output required to move a given motor vehicle at curb weight plus 180 kilograms on level, clean, dry, smooth portland cement concrete pavement (or other surface with equivalent coefficient of surface friction) at a specified speed through still air at 20 degrees Celsius, and standard barometric pressure (101.3 kilopascals) and includes driveline friction, rolling friction, and air resistance. S4. Requirements. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each passenger car shall meet the requirements specified in S4.1, S4.2, and S4.3, and each multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, and bus shall meet the requirements specified in § 4.1. (b) Each passenger car, multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, and bus manufactured for sale in the noncontinental United States may, at the option of the manufacturer, have a windshield defogging system which operates either by applying heat to the windshield or by dehumidifying the air inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle, in lieu of meeting the requirements specified by paragraph (a) of this section. S4.1 Each vehicle shall have a windshield defrosting and defogging system. S4.2 Each passenger car windshield defrosting and defogging system shall meet the requirements of section 3 of SAE Recommended Practice J902 (1964) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5) when tested in accordance with S4.3, except that “the critical area” specified in paragraph 3.1 of SAE Recommended Practice J902 (1964) shall be that established as Area C in accordance with Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 104, “Windshield Wiping and Washing Systems,” and “the entire windshield” specified in paragraph 3.3 of SAE Recommended Practice J902 (1964) shall be that established as Area A in accordance with § 571.104. S4.3 Demons… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.30 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.129 Standard No. 129; New non-pneumatic tires for passenger cars. | NHTSA | [55 FR 29590, July 20, 1990, as amended at 56 FR 19312, Apr. 26, 1991; 67 FR 69627, Nov. 18, 2002; 69 FR 31319, June 3, 2004] | S1 Scope. This standard specifies tire dimensions and laboratory test requirements for lateral strength, strength, endurance, and high speed performance; defines the tire load rating; and specifies labeling requirements for non-pneumatic spare tires. S2 Application. This standard applies to new temporary spare non-pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars. S3 Definitions. Carcass means the tire structure except for the tread which provides the major portion of the tire's capability to deflect in response to the vertical loads and tractive forces that the tire transmits from the roadway to the non-pneumatic rim, the wheel center member, or the vehicle and which attaches to the vehicle or attaches, either integrally or separably, to the wheel center member or non-pneumatic rim. Carcass separation means the pulling away of the carcass from the non-pneumatic rim or wheel center member. Chunking means the breaking away of pieces of the carcass or tread. Cracking means any parting within the carcass, tread, or any components that connect the tire to the non-pneumatic rim or wheel center member and, if the non-pneumatic tire is integral with the non-pneumatic rim or wheel center member, any parting within the non-pneumatic rim, or wheel center member. Load rating means the maximum load a tire is rated to carry. Maximum tire width means the greater of either the linear distance between the exterior edges of the carcass or the linear distance between the exterior edges of the tread, both being measured parallel to the rolling axis of the tire. Non-pneumatic rim means a mechanical device which, when a non-pneumatic tire assembly incorporates a wheel, supports the tire, and attaches, either integrally or separably, to the wheel center member and upon which the tire is attached. Non-pneumatic test rim means with reference to a tire to be tested, any non-pneumatic rim that is listed as appropriate for use with that tire in accordance with S4.4. Non-pneumatic tire means a mechanical device which transm… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.31 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.131 Standard No. 131; School bus pedestrian safety devices. | NHTSA | [56 FR 20370, May 3, 1991, as amended at 57 FR 40134, Sept. 2, 1992; 59 FR 26761, May 24, 1994; 63 FR 29143, May 28, 1998; 68 FR 44901, July 31, 2003; 77 FR 760, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements for devices that can be installed on school buses to improve the safety of pedestrians in the vicinity of stopped school buses. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries by minimizing the likelihood of vehicles passing a stopped school bus and striking pedestrians in the vicinity of the bus. S3. Application. This standard applies to school buses other than multifunction school activity buses. S4. Definitions. Stop signal arm means a device that can be extended outward from the side of a school bus to provide a signal to other motorists not to pass the bus because it has stopped to load or discharge passengers. S5. Requirements. Each school bus shall be equipped with a stop signal arm meeting the requirements of S5.1 through S5.5 as depicted in Figure 1. S5.1 The stop signal arm shall be a regular octagon which is at least 450 mm × 450 mm (17.72 inches × 17.72 inches) in diameter. S5.2 The stop signal arm shall be red on both sides, except as provided in S5.2.1 and S5.2.2, and S5.2.3. S5.2.1 The stop signal arm shall have a white border at least 12 mm (0.47 inches) wide on both sides, except as provided in S5.2.3. Mounting brackets, clips, bolts, or other components necessary to the mechanical or electrical operation of the stop signal arm may not obscure more than 15 percent of the border on each side of the stop arm. The portion of the border that may be obscured is in addition to that portion which may be obscured by the two red lamps specified in S5.3.2. S.5.2.2 The stop signal arm shall have the word “STOP” displayed in white upper-case letters on both sides, except as provided in S5.2.3. The letters shall be at least 150 mm (5.9 inches) in height. The letters shall have a stroke width of at least 20 mm (0.79 inches), except as provided in S.5.3.1.1. S5.2.3 When two stop signal arms are installed on a school bus, the rearmost stop signal arm shall not contain any lettering, symbols, or markings on the forwar… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.32 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.135 Standard No. 135; Light vehicle brake systems. | NHTSA | [60 FR 6434, Feb. 2, 1995, as amended at 60 FR 37847, July 24, 1995; 60 FR 44548, Aug. 28, 1995; 62 FR 46917, Sept. 5, 1997; 62 FR 51070, Sept. 30, 1997; 65 FR 6332, Feb. 9, 2000; 70 FR 37713, June 30, 2005; 77 FR 760, Jan. 6, 2012; 86 FR 1300, Jan. 8, 2021; 87 FR 34810, June 8, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for service brake and associated parking brake systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to ensure safe braking performance under normal and emergency driving conditions. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars manufactured on or after September 1, 2000 and to multi-purpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 3,500 kilograms (7,716 pounds) or less, manufactured on or after September 1, 2002. In addition, at the option of the manufacturer, passenger cars manufactured before September 1, 2000, and multi-purpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a GVWR of 3,500 kilograms (7,716 pounds) or less, manufactured before September 1, 2002, may meet the requirements of this standard instead of Federal Motor Vehicle No. 105, Hydraulic Brake Systems. S4. Definitions. Adhesion utilization curves means curves showing, for specified load conditions, the adhesion utilized by each axle of a vehicle plotted against the braking ratio of the vehicle. Antilock brake system or ABS means a portion of a service brake system that automatically controls the degree of rotational wheel slip during braking by: (1) Sensing the rate of angular rotation of the wheels; (2) Transmitting signals regarding the rate of wheel angular rotation to one or more controlling devices which interpret those signals and generate responsive controlling output signals; and (3) Transmitting those controlling signals to one or more modulator devices which adjust brake actuating forces in response to those signals. Backup system means a portion of a service brake system, such as a pump, that automatically supplies energy in the event of a primary brake power source failure. Brake factor means the slope of the linear least squares regression equation best representing the measured torque output of a brake as a function of the measured applied line pressure during a given brake application for which no wheel lockup occ… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.33 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.136 Standard No. 136; Electronic stability control systems for heavy vehicles. | NHTSA | [80 FR 36105, June 23, 2015, as amended at 82 FR 50092, Oct. 30, 2017; 87 FR 34810, June 8, 2022] | S1 Scope. This standard establishes performance and equipment requirements for electronic stability control (ESC) systems on heavy vehicles. S2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce crashes caused by rollover or by directional loss-of-control. S3 Application. This standard applies to the following vehicles: S3.1 Truck tractors with a gross vehicle weight rating of greater than 11,793 kilograms (26,000 pounds). However, it does not apply to: (a) Any truck tractor equipped with an axle that has a gross axle weight rating of 13,154 kilograms (29,000 pounds) or more; (b) Any truck tractor that has a speed attainable in 3.2 km (2 miles) of not more than 53 km/h (33 mph); and (c) Any truck tractor that has a speed attainable in 3.2 km (2 miles) of not more than 72 km/h (45 mph), an unloaded vehicle weight that is not less than 95 percent of its gross vehicle weight rating, and no capacity to carry occupants other than the driver and operating crew. S3.2 Buses with a gross vehicle weight rating of greater than 11,793 kilograms (26,000 pounds). However, it does not apply to (a) School buses; (b) Perimeter-seating buses; (c) Transit buses; (d) Any bus equipped with an axle that has a gross axle weight rating of 13,154 kilograms (29,000 pounds) or more; and (e) Any bus that has a speed attainable in 3.2 km (2 miles) of not more than 53 km/h (33 mph.) S4 Definitions. Ackerman Steer Angle means the angle whose tangent is the wheelbase divided by the radius of the turn at a very low speed. Electronic stability control system or ESC system means a system that has all of the following attributes: (1) It augments vehicle directional stability by having the means to apply and adjust the vehicle brake torques individually at each wheel position on at least one front and at least one rear axle of the truck tractor or bus to induce correcting yaw moment to limit vehicle oversteer and to limit vehicle understeer; (2) It enhances rollover stability by having the means to apply and adjust the ve… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.34 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.138 Standard No. 138; Tire pressure monitoring systems. | NHTSA | [70 FR 18187, Apr. 8, 2005, as amended at 70 FR 53100, Sept. 7, 2005; 72 FR 38025, July 12, 2007] | S1 Purpose and scope. This standard specifies performance requirements for tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMSs) to warn drivers of significant under-inflation of tires and the resulting safety problems. S2 Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses that have a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less, except those vehicles with dual wheels on an axle, according to the phase-in schedule specified in S7 of this standard. S3 Definitions. The following definitions apply to this standard: Lightly loaded vehicle weight means unloaded vehicle weight plus the weight of a mass of 180 kg (396 pounds), including test driver and instrumentation. Tire pressure monitoring system means a system that detects when one or more of a vehicle's tires is significantly under-inflated and illuminates a low tire pressure warning telltale. Vehicle Placard and Tire inflation pressure label mean the sources of information for the vehicle manufacturer's recommended cold tire inflation pressure pursuant to § 571.110 of this Part. S4 Requirements. S4.1 General. To the extent provided in S7, each vehicle must be equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system that meets the requirements specified in S4 under the test conditions specified in S5 and the test procedures specified in S6 of this standard. S4.2 TPMS detection requirements. The tire pressure monitoring system must: (a) Illuminate a low tire pressure warning telltale not more than 20 minutes after the inflation pressure in one or more of the vehicle's tires, up to a total of four tires, is equal to or less than either the pressure 25 percent below the vehicle manufacturer's recommended cold inflation pressure, or the pressure specified in the 3rd column of Table 1 of this standard for the corresponding type of tire, whichever is higher; (b) Continue to illuminate the low tire pressure warning telltale as long as the pressure in any of the vehicle's tires is equal to… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.35 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.139 Standard No. 139; New pneumatic radial tires for light vehicles. | NHTSA | [67 FR 69627, Nov. 18, 2002, as amended at 68 FR 38150, June 26, 2003; 69 FR 31319, June 3, 2004; 71 FR 886, Jan. 6, 2006; 72 FR 49211, Aug. 28, 2007; 73 FR 72358, Nov. 28, 2008; 77 FR 760, Jan. 6, 2012; 86 FR 48545, Aug. 31, 2021; 87 FR 34810, June 8, 2022] | S1. Scope and purpose. This standard specifies tire dimensions, test requirements, labeling requirements, and defines tire load ratings. S2 Application. This standard applies to new pneumatic radial tires for use on motor vehicles (other than motorcycles and low speed vehicles) that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 pounds or less and that were manufactured after 1975. This standard does not apply to special tires (ST) for trailers in highway service, tires for use on farm implements (FI) in agricultural service with intermittent highway use, tires with rim diameters of 12 inches and below, T-type temporary use spare tires with radial construction, and light truck tires with a tread depth of 18/32 inch or greater. S3 Definitions. Bead means the part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim. Bead separation means a breakdown of the bond between components in the bead. Bias ply tire means a pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Carcass means the tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load. Chunking means the breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall. Cord means the strands forming the plies in the tire. Cord separation means the parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds. Cracking means any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material. Extra load tire means a tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the corresponding standard tire. Groove means the space between two adjacent tread ribs. Innerliner means the layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire. Innerliner separation means the parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass. Light truck (LT) tire means a tire designate… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.36 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.141 Standard No. 141; Minimum Sound Requirements for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles. | NHTSA | [81 FR 90514, Dec. 14, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 8196, Feb. 26, 2018; 85 FR 54280, Sept. 1, 2020; 87 FR 41625, July 13, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance requirements for pedestrian alert sounds for motor vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of injuries that result from electric and hybrid vehicle crashes with pedestrians by providing a sound level and sound characteristics necessary for these vehicles to be detected and recognized by pedestrians. S3. Application. This standard applies to— (a) Electric vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 Kg or less that are passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, or buses; (b) Hybrid vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 Kg or less that are passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger vehicles, trucks, or buses; and (c) Electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles that are low speed vehicles. S4. Definitions. Band or one-third octave band means one of thirteen one-third octave bands having nominal center frequencies ranging from 315 to 5000Hz. These are Bands 25 through 37 as defined in Table A1, Mid-band Frequencies for One-Third-Octave-Band and Octave-Band Filters in the Audio Range, of ANSI S1.11-2004: “Specification for Octave-Band and Fractional-Octave-Band Analog and Digital Filters” (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). Band sum means the combination of Sound Pressure Levels (SPLs) from selected bands that produce an SPL representing the sound in all of these bands. Band sum is calculated with the following equation: Where: SPL i is the sound pressure level in each selected band. Where: SPL i is the sound pressure level in each selected band. Electric vehicle means a motor vehicle with an electric motor as its sole means of propulsion. Front plane of the vehicle means a vertical plane tangent to the leading edge of the vehicle during forward operation. Hybrid vehicle means a motor vehicle which has more than one means of propulsion for which the vehicle's propulsion system can propel the vehicle in the normal travel mode in at least one forward drive ge… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.37 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.201 Standard No. 201; Occupant protection in interior impact. | NHTSA | [62 FR 16725, Apr. 8, 1997] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements to afford impact protection for occupants. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms or less, except that the requirements of S6 do not apply to buses with a GVWR of more than 3,860 kilograms. S3. Definitions. A-pillar means any pillar that is entirely forward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the seating reference point of the driver's designated seating position or, if there is no driver's designated seating position, any pillar that is entirely forward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the seating reference point of the rearmost designated seating position in the front row of seats. Ambulance means a motor vehicle designed exclusively for the purpose of emergency medical care, as evidenced by the presence of a passenger compartment to accommodate emergency medical personnel, one or more patients on litters or cots, and equipment and supplies for emergency care at a location or during transport. B-pillar means the forwardmost pillar on each side of the vehicle that is, in whole or in part, rearward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the seating reference point of the driver's designated seating position or, if there is no driver's designated seating position, the forwardmost pillar on each side of the vehicle that is, in whole or in part, rearward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the seating reference point of the rearmost designated seating position in the front row of seats, unless: (1) There is only one pillar rearward of that plane and it is also a rearmost pillar; or (2) There is a door frame rearward of the A-pillar and forward of any other pillar or rearmost pillar. Brace means a fixed diagonal structural member in an open body vehicle that is used to brace the roll-bar and that connects the roll-bar to the main body of the vehicle struct… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.38 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.202 Standard No. 202; Head restraints; Applicable at the manufacturers option until September 1, 2009. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 54 FR 39187, Sept. 25, 1989; 61 FR 27025, May 30, 1996; 63 FR 28935, May 27, 1998; 69 FR 74883, Dec. 14, 2005; 72 FR 25514, May 4, 2007; 77 FR 761, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements for head restraints to reduce the frequency and severity of neck injury in rear-end and other collisions. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a GVWR of 4,536 kg or less, manufactured before September 1, 2009. Until September 1, 2009, manufacturers may comply with the standard in this § 571.202, with the European regulations referenced in S4.3 of this § 571.202, or with the standard in § 571.202a. For vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 2009 and before September 1, 2010, manufacturers may comply with the standard in this § 571.202 or with the European regulations referenced in S4.3 of this § 571.202, instead of the standard in § 571.202a, only to the extent consistent with phase-in specified in § 571.202a. S3. Definitions. Head restraint means a device that limits rearward displacement of a seated occupant's head relative to the occupant's torso. Height means, when used in reference to a head restraint, the distance from the H-point, measured parallel to the torso reference line defined by the three dimensional SAE Standard J826 JUL95 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5) manikin, to a plane normal to the torso reference line. Top of the head restraint means the point on the head restraint with the greatest height. S4. Requirements. S4.1 Each passenger car, and multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck and bus with a GVWR of 4,536 kg or less, must comply with, at the manufacturer's option, S4.2, S4.4 or S4.5 of this section. S4.2 Except for school buses, a head restraint that conforms to either S4.2 (a) or (b) of this section must be provided at each outboard front designated seating position. For school buses, a head restraint that conforms to either S4.2 (a) or (b) of this section must be provided at the driver's seating position. (a) When tested in accordance with S5.1 of this section, limit rearward angular displacement of the head reference… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.39 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.202a Standard No. 202a; Head restraints; Mandatory applicability begins on September 1, 2009. | NHTSA | [72 FR 25514, May 4, 2007, as amended at 75 FR 67246, Nov. 2, 2010; 77 FR 761, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements for head restraints to reduce the frequency and severity of neck injury in rear-end and other collisions. S2 Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a GVWR of 4,536 kg or less, manufactured on or after September 1, 2009. However, the standard's requirements for rear head restraints do not apply to vehicles manufactured before September 1, 2010, and, for vehicles manufactured between September 1, 2010 and August 31, 2011, the requirements for rear head restraints apply only to the extent provided in S7. Until September 1, 2009, manufacturers may comply with the standard in this § 571.202a, with the standard in § 571.202, or with the European regulations referenced in S4.3(a) of § 571.202. For vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 2009 and before September 1, 2010, manufacturers may comply with the standard in § 571.202 or with the European regulations referenced in S4.3(a) of § 571.202, instead of the standard in this § 571.202a, only to the extent consistent with the phase-in specified in this § 571.202a. S3. Definitions. Backset means the minimum horizontal distance between the rear of a representation of the head of a seated 50th percentile male occupant and the head restraint, as measured by the head restraint measurement device. Head restraint means a device that limits rearward displacement of a seated occupant's head relative to the occupant's torso. Head restraint measurement device (HRMD) means the three dimensional SAE Standard J826 JUL95 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5) manikin with a head form attached, representing the head position of a seated 50th percentile male, with sliding scale at the back of the head for the purpose of measuring backset. The head form is designed by and available from the ICBC, 151 West Esplanade, North Vancouver, BC V7M 3H9, Canada ( www.icbc.com ). Height means, when used in reference to a head restraint, the d… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.4 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.104 Standard No. 104; Windshield wiping and washing systems. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 58 FR 13023, Mar. 9, 1993; 60 FR 13643, Mar. 14, 1995; 63 FR 51000, Sept. 24, 1998; 77 FR 755, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for windshield wiping and washing systems. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S3. Definitions. The term seating reference point is substituted for the terms manikin H point, manikin H point with seat in rearmost position and H point wherever any of these terms appear in any SAE Standard or SAE Recommended Practice referred to in this standard. Daylight opening means the maximum unobstructed opening through the glazing surface, as defined in paragraph 2.3.12 of section E, “Ground Vehicle Practice,” of SAE Aerospace-Automotive Drawing Standards (1963) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). Glazing surface reference line means the line resulting from the intersection of the glazing surface and a horizontal plane 635 millimeters above the seating reference point, as shown in Figure 1 of SAE Recommended Practice J903a (1966) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). Overall width means the maximum overall body width dimension “W116”, as defined in section E, “Ground Vehicle Practice,” of SAE Aerospace-Automotive Drawing Standards (1963) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). Plan view reference line means— (a) For vehicles with bench-type seats, a line parallel to the vehicle longitudinal centerline outboard of the steering wheel centerline 0.15 times the difference between one-half of the shoulder room dimension and the steering wheel centerline-to-car-centerline dimension as shown in Figure 2 of SAE Recommended Practice J903a (1966) (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5); or (b) For vehicles with individual-type seats, either— (i) A line parallel to the vehicle longitudinal centerline which passes through the center of the driver's designated seating position; or (ii) A line parallel to the vehicle longitudinal centerline located so that the geometric center of the 95 percent eye range contour is positioned on the longitudinal centerline of the driver's designat… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.40 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.203 Standard No. 203; Impact protection for the driver from the steering control system. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 44 FR 68475, Nov. 29, 1979; 47 FR 47842, Oct. 28, 1982; 58 FR 26527, May 4, 1993; 58 FR 63304, Dec. 1, 1993; 63 FR 28935, May 27, 1998; 63 FR 51003, Sept. 24, 1998; 76 FR 762, Jan. 6, 2012; 87 FR 18588, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements for steering control systems that will minimize chest, neck, and facial injuries to the driver as a result of impact. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg or less. However, it does not apply to vehicles that conform to the frontal barrier crash requirements (S5.1) of Standard No. 208 (49 CFR 571.208) by means of other than seat belt assemblies. It also does not apply to walk-in vans or vehicles without a steering control. S3. [Reserved] S4. Requirements. Each passenger car and each multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck and bus with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg or less manufactured on or after September 1, 1981 shall meet the requirements of S5.1 and S5.2. S5. Impact protection requirements. S5.1 Except as provided in this paragraph, the steering control system of any vehicle to which this standard applies shall be impacted in accordance with S5.1(a). (a) When the steering control system is impacted by a body block in accordance with SAE Recommended Practice J944 JUN80 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5), at a relative velocity of 24 km/h, the impact force developed on the chest of the body block transmitted to the steering control system shall not exceed 11,120 N, except for intervals whose cumulative duration is not more than 3 milliseconds. (b) [Reserved] S5.2 The steering control system shall be so constructed that no components or attachments, including horn actuating mechanisms and trim hardware, can catch the driver's clothing or jewelry during normal driving maneuvers. The term jewelry refers to watches, rings, and bracelets without loosely attached or dangling members. | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.41 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.204 Standard No. 204; Steering control rearward displacement. | NHTSA | [52 FR 44897, Nov. 23, 1987, as amended at 63 FR 28935, May 27, 1998; 63 FR 51003, Sept. 24, 1998; 87 FR 18588, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements limiting the rearward displacement of the steering control into the passenger compartment to reduce the likelihood of chest, neck, or head injury. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. However, it does not apply to walk-in vans or vehicles without steering controls. S3. Definitions. Steering column means a structural housing that surrounds a steering shaft. Steering shaft means a component that transmits steering torque from the steering wheel to the steering gear. S4 Requirements. S4.1 Vehicles manufactured before September 1, 1991. When a passenger car or a truck, bus, or multipurpose passenger vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less and an unloaded vehicle weight of 4,000 pounds or less is tested under the conditions of S5 in a 30 mile per hour perpendicular impact into a fixed collision barrier, the upper end of the steering column and shaft in the vehicle shall not be displaced more than 5 inches in a horizontal rearward direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The amount of displacement shall be measured relative to an undisturbed point on the vehicle and shall represent the maximum dynamic movement of the upper end of the steering column and shaft during the crash test. S4.2 Vehicles manufactured on or after September 1, 1991. When a passenger car or a truck, bus or multipurpose passenger vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg or less and an unloaded vehicle weight of 2,495 kg or less is tested under the conditions of S5 in a 48 km/h perpendicular impact into a fixed collision barrier, the upper end of the steering column and shaft in the vehicle shall not be displaced more than 127 mm in a horizontal rearward direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The amount of displacement shall be measured relative to an undisturbed point on the vehicle and shall represent the maximu… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.42 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.205 Standard No. 205, Glazing materials. | NHTSA | [37 FR 12239, June 21, 1972] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for glazing materials for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce injuries resulting from impact to glazing surfaces, to ensure a necessary degree of transparency in motor vehicle windows for driver visibility, and to minimize the possibility of occupants being thrown through the vehicle windows in collisions. S3. Application. (a) This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, buses, motorcycles, slide-in campers, pickup covers designed to carry persons while in motion and low speed vehicles, and to glazing materials for use in those vehicles. (b) For glazing materials manufactured before September 1, 2006, and for motor vehicles, slide-in campers and pickup covers designed to carry persons while in motion, manufactured before November 1, 2006, the manufacturer may, at its option, comply with 49 CFR 571.205(a) of this section. S4. Definitions. Bullet resistant shield means a shield or barrier that is installed completely inside a motor vehicle behind and separate from glazing materials that independently comply with the requirements of this standard. Camper means a structure designed to be mounted in the cargo area of a truck, or attached to an incomplete vehicle with motive power, for the purpose of providing shelter for persons. Glass-plastic glazing material means a laminate of one or more layers of glass and one or more layers of plastic in which a plastic surface of the glazing faces inward when the glazing is installed in a vehicle. Pickup cover means a camper having a roof and sides but without a floor, designed to be mounted on and removable from the cargo area of a truck by the user. Prime glazing manufacturer means a manufacturer that fabricates, laminates, or tempers glazing materials. Slide-in camper means a camper having a roof, floor, and sides, designed to be mounted on and removable from the… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.43 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.205(a) Glazing equipment manufactured before September 1, 2006 and glazing materials used in vehicles manufactured before November 1, 2006. | NHTSA | [70 FR 39966, July 12, 2005, as amended at 77 FR 763, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for glazing equipment manufactured before September 1, 2006 for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment, and specifies requirements for motor vehicles manufactured before November 1, 2006 and for replacement glazing for those vehicles. A manufacturer may, at its option, comply with 49 CFR 571.205 instead of this standard. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce injuries resulting from impact to glazing surfaces, to ensure a necessary degree of transparency in motor vehicle windows for driver visibility, and to minimize the possibility of occupants being thrown through the vehicle windows in collisions. S3. Application. This standard applies to glazing equipment manufactured before September 1, 2006 for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment. In addition, this standard applies to the following vehicles manufactured before November 1, 2006: passenger cars, low speed vehicles, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, and motorcycles. This standard also applies to slide-in campers, and pickup covers designed to carry persons while in motion, manufactured before November 1, 2006. S4. Definitions Bullet resistant shield means a shield or barrier that is installed completely inside a motor vehicle behind and separate from glazing materials that independently comply with the requirements of this standard. Camper means a structure designed to be mounted in the cargo area of a truck, or attached to an incomplete vehicle with motive power, for the purpose of providing shelter for persons. Glass-plastic glazing material means a laminate of one or more layers of glass and one or more layers of plastic in which a plastic surface of the glazing faces inward when the glazing is installed in a vehicle. Motor home means a multipurpose passenger vehicle that provides living accommodations for persons. Pickup cover means a camper having a roof and sides but without a floor, designed to be mounted on and removable from the ca… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.44 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.206 Standard No. 206; Door locks and door retention components. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 37 FR 284, Jan. 8, 1972; 50 FR 12031, Mar. 27, 1985; 60 FR 13646, Mar. 14, 1995; 60 FR 50134, Sept. 28, 1995; 61 FR 39907, July 31, 1996; 72 FR 5399, June 27, 2007; 74 FR 35135, July 20, 2009; 74 FR 37176, July 28, 2009; 75 FR 7382, Feb. 19, 2010; 77 FR 764, Jan. 6, 2012; 87 FR 18588, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Scope and Purpose. This standard specifies requirements for vehicle door locks and door retention components, including latches, hinges, and other supporting means, to minimize the likelihood of occupants being ejected from a vehicle as a result of impact. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kg or less. S3. Definitions. Auxiliary Door Latch is a latch equipped with a fully latched position, with or without a secondary latched position, and fitted to a door or door system equipped with a primary door latch system. Auxiliary Door Latch System consists of door latches and strikers other than those associated with the primary door latch system. Back Door is a door or door system on the back end of a motor vehicle through which passengers can enter or depart the vehicle or cargo can be loaded or unloaded. It does not include: (a) A trunk lid; or (b) A door or window composed entirely of glazing material and whose latches and/or hinge systems are attached directly to the glazing material. Body Member is that portion of the hinge normally affixed to the body structure. Door Closure Warning System is a system that will activate a visual signal when a door latch system is not in its fully latched position and the vehicle ignition is activated. Door Hinge System is one or more hinges used to support a door. Door Latch System consists of latches and strikers installed on a door system. Door Member is that portion of the hinge normally affixed to the door structure and constituting the swinging member. Door System is the door, latch, striker, hinges, sliding track combinations and other door retention components on a door and its surrounding doorframe. The door system of a double door includes both doors. Double Door is a system of two doors where the front door or wing door opens first and connects to the rear door or bolted door, w… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.45 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.207 Standard No. 207; Seating systems. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 52 FR 7868, Mar. 13, 1987; 53 FR 30434, Aug. 12, 1988; 59 FR 37167, July 21, 1994; 60 FR 13647, Mar. 14, 1995; 63 FR 28935, May 27, 1998; 73 FR 62779, Oct. 21, 2008; 87 FR 18588, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard establishes requirements for seats, their attachment assemblies, and their installation to minimize the possibility of their failure by forces acting on them as a result of vehicle impact. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses. S3. Definitions. Occupant seat means a seat that provides at least one designated seating position. Seat adjuster means the part of the seat that provides forward and rearward positioning of the seat bench and back, and/or rotation around a vertical axis, including any fixed portion, such as a seat track. In the case of a seat equipped with seat adjusters at different levels, the term means the uppermost seat adjuster. S4. Requirements. S4.1 Driver's seat. Each vehicle with manually operated driving controls shall have a driver's designated seating position. S4.2. General performance requirements. When tested in accordance with S5, each occupant seat shall withstand the following forces, in newtons, except for: a side-facing seat; a passenger seat on a bus other than a school bus; a passenger seat on a school bus with a GVWR greater than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds); and, a passenger seat on a school bus with a GVWR less than or equal to 4,536 kg manufactured before October 21, 2011. (a) In any position to which it can be adjusted—20 times the mass of the seat in kilograms multiplied by 9.8 applied in a forward longitudinal direction; (b) In any position to which it can be adjusted—20 times the mass of the seat in kilograms multiplied by 9.8 applied in a rearward longitudinal direction; (c) For a seat belt assembly attached to the seat—the force specified in paragraph (a), if it is a forward facing seat, or paragraph (b), if it is a rearward facing seat, in each case applied simultaneously with the forces imposed on the seat by the seat belt assembly when it is loaded in accordance with S4.2 of § 571.210; and (d) In its r… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.46 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.208 Standard No. 208; Occupant crash protection. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies performance requirements for the protection of vehicle occupants in crashes. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths of vehicle occupants, and the severity of injuries, by specifying vehicle crashworthiness requirements in terms of forces and accelerations measured on anthropomorphic dummies in test crashes, and by specifying equipment requirements for active and passive restraint systems. S3. Application. (a) This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses. In addition, S9, Pressure vessels and explosive devices, applies to vessels designed to contain a pressurized fluid or gas, and to explosive devices, for use in the above types of motor vehicles as part of a system designed to provide protection to occupants in the event of a crash. (b) Notwithstanding any language to the contrary, any vehicle manufactured after March 19, 1997, and before September 1, 2006, that is subject to a dynamic crash test requirement conducted with unbelted dummies may meet the requirements specified in S5.1.2(a)(1), S5.1.2(a)(2), or S13 instead of the applicable unbelted requirement, unless the vehicle is certified to meet the requirements specified in S14.5, S15, S17, S19, S21, S23, and S25. (c) For vehicles which are certified to meet the requirements specified in S13 instead of the otherwise applicable dynamic crash test requirement conducted with unbelted dummies, compliance with S13 shall, for purposes of Standards No. 201, 203 and 209, be deemed as compliance with the unbelted frontal barrier requirements of S5.1.2. S4. General requirements. S4.1 Passenger cars. S4.1.1 Passenger cars manufactured from January 1, 1972, to August 31, 1973. Each passenger car manufactured from January 1, 1972, to August 31, 1973, inclusive, shall meet the requirements of S4.1.1.1, S4.1.1.2, or S4.1.1.3. A protection system that meets the requirements of S4.1.1.1, or S4.1.1.2 may… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.47 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.209 Standard No. 209; Seat belt assemblies. | NHTSA | [44 FR 72139, Dec. 13, 1979] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard specifies requirements for seat belt assemblies. S2. Application. This standard applies to seat belt assemblies for use in passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S3. Definitions. Adjustment hardware means any or all hardware designed for adjusting the size of a seat belt assembly to fit the user, including such hardware that may be integral with a buckle, attachment hardware, or retractor. Attachment hardware means any or all hardware designed for securing the webbing of a seat belt assembly to a motor vehicle. Automatic-locking retractor means a retractor incorporating adjustment hardware by means of a positive self-locking mechanism which is capable when locked of withstanding restraint forces. Buckle means a quick release connector which fastens a person in a seat belt assembly. Emergency-locking retractor means a retractor incorporating adjustment hardware by means of a locking mechanism that is activated by vehicle acceleration, webbing movement relative to the vehicle, or other automatic action during an emergency and is capable when locked of withstanding restraint forces. Hardware means any metal or rigid plastic part of a seat belt assembly. Load-limiter means a seat belt assembly component or feature that controls tension on the seat belt to modulate the forces that are imparted to occupants restrained by the belt assembly during a crash. Nonlocking retractor means a retractor from which the webbing is extended to essentially its full length by a small external force, which provides no adjustment for assembly length, and which may or may not be capable of sustaining restraint forces at maximum webbing extension. Pelvic restraint means a seat belt assembly or portion thereof intended to restrain movement of the pelvis. Retractor means a device for storing part or all of the webbing in a seat belt assembly. Seat back retainer means the portion of some seat belt assemblies designed to restrict forward movement of … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.48 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.210 Standard No. 210; Seat belt assembly anchorages. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard establishes requirements for seat belt assembly anchorages to insure their proper location for effective occupant restraint and to reduce the likelihood of their failure. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, and school buses. S3. Definitions. Actuator means the device used to apply the load in performing testing. Bridged pull yoke means the yoke that bridges the torso and pelvis on the FAD1 or FAD2 and is used for testing Type 1 seat belt assemblies. FAD means the force application device, either the FAD1 or the FAD2, a one-piece device consisting of an upper torso portion and a pelvic portion hinged together. FAD1 means the larger version of the force application device specified in drawings NHTSA221-210-01, “Drawing Package for the Force Application Device 1 (FAD1),” April 9, 2024 (incorporated by reference, see § 571.5). FAD1 is depicted in figure 7 to this standard (figure provided for illustration purposes). FAD2 means the smaller version of the force application device specified in drawings NHTSA221-210-01J, “Drawing Package for the Force Application Device 2 (FAD2),” April 9, 2024 (incorporated by reference; see § 571.5). FAD2 is depicted in figure 8 to this standard (figure provided for illustration purposes). Midsagittal plane means the vertical plane that separates the FAD into equal left and right halves. School bus torso belt adjusted height means the vertical height above the seating reference point (SgRP) of the horizontal plane containing a segment of the torso belt centerline located 25 mm to 75 mm forward of the torso belt height adjuster device, when the torso belt retractor is locked and the torso belt is pulled away from the seat back by applying a 20 N horizontal force in the forward direction through the webbing at a location 100 mm or more forward of the adjustment device as shown in Figure 5. School bus torso belt anchor point means the midpoint of the torso belt… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.49 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.211 [Reserved] | NHTSA | ||||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.5 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.105 Standard No. 105; Hydraulic and electric brake systems. | NHTSA | [41 FR 29696, July 19, 1976] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for hydraulic and electric service brake systems, and associated parking brake systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to insure safe braking performance under normal and emergency conditions. S3. Application. This standard applies to multi-purpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a GVWR greater than 3,500 kilograms (7,716 pounds) that are equipped with hydraulic or electric brake systems. S4. Definitions. Antilock brake system or ABS means a portion of a service brake system that automatically controls the degree of rotational wheel slip during braking by: (1) Sensing the rate of angular rotation of the wheels; (2) Transmitting signals regarding the rate of wheel angular rotation to one or more controlling devices which interpret those signals and generate responsive controlling output signals; and (3) Transmitting those controlling signals to one or more modulators which adjust brake actuating forces in response to those signals. Backup system means a portion of a service brake system, such as a pump, that automatically supplies energy, in the event of a primary brake power source failure. Brake power assist unit means a device installed in a hydraulic brake system that reduces the operator effort required to actuate the system, and that if inoperative does not prevent the operator from braking the vehicle by a continued application of muscular force on the service brake control. Brake power unit means a device installed in a brake system that provides the energy required to actuate the brakes, either directly or indirectly through an auxiliary device, with the operator action consisting only of modulating the energy application level. Directly Controlled Wheel means a wheel for which the degree of rotational wheel slip is sensed, either at that wheel or on the axle shaft for that wheel and corresponding signals are transmitted to one or more modulators that adjust the brake actuating forces at that wheel. Each modu… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.50 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.212 Standard No. 212; Windshield mounting. | NHTSA | [41 FR 36494, Aug. 30, 1976, as amended at 42 FR 34289, July 5, 1977; 45 FR 22046, Apr. 3, 1980; 60 FR 13647, Mar. 14, 1995; 87 FR 18597, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes windshield retention requirements for motor vehicles during crashes. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce crash injuries and fatalities by providing for retention of the vehicle windshield during a crash, thereby utilizing fully the penetration-resistance and injury-avoidance properties of the windshield glazing material and preventing the ejection of occupants from the vehicle. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses having a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kilograms or less. However, it does not apply to forward control vehicles, walk-in van-type vehicles, or to open-body type vehicles with fold-down or removable windshields. S4. Definition. Passive restraint system means a system meeting the occupant crash protection requirements of S5. of Standard No. 208 by means that require no action by vehicle occupants. S5. Requirements. When the vehicle travelling longitudinally forward at any speed up to and including 48 kilometers per hour impacts a fixed collision barrier that is perpendicular to the line of travel of the vehicle, under the conditions of S6, the windshield mounting of the vehicle shall retain not less than the minimum portion of the windshield periphery specified in S5.1 and S5.2. S5.1 Vehicles equipped with passive restraints. Vehicles equipped with passive restraint systems shall retain not less than 50 percent of the portion of the windshield periphery on each side of the vehicle longitudinal centerline. S5.2 Vehicles not equipped with passive restraints. Vehicles not equipped with passive restraint systems shall retain not less than 75 percent of the windshield periphery. S6. Test conditions. The requirements of S5. shall be met under the following conditions: S6.1 The vehicle, including test devices and instrumentation, is loaded as follows: (a) Except as specified in S6.2, a passenger car is loaded … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.51 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.213 Child restraint systems; Applicable unless a vehicle or child restraint system is certified to § 571.213b. | NHTSA | [44 FR 72147, Dec. 13, 1979] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for child restraint systems used in motor vehicles and aircraft. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of children killed or injured in motor vehicle crashes and in aircraft. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses, and to child restraint systems for use in motor vehicles and aircraft, manufactured before December 5, 2026. FMVSS No. 213b applies to child restraint systems manufactured on or after December 5, 2026. S4. Definitions. Add-on child restraint system means any portable child restraint system. Backless child restraint system means a child restraint, other than a belt-positioning seat, that consists of a seating platform that does not extend up to provide a cushion for the child's back or head and has a structural element designed to restrain forward motion of the child's torso in a forward impact. Belt-positioning seat means a child restraint system that positions a child on a vehicle seat to improve the fit of a vehicle Type II belt system on the child and that lacks any component, such as a belt system or a structural element, designed to restrain forward movement of the child's torso in a forward impact. Booster seat means either a backless child restraint system or a belt-positioning seat. Built-in child restraint system means a child restraint system that is designed to be an integral part of and permanently installed in a motor vehicle. Car bed means a child restraint system designed to restrain or position a child in the supine or prone position on a continuous flat surface. Child restraint anchorage system is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§ 571.225). Child restraint system means any device, except Type I or Type II seat belts, designed for use in a motor vehicle or aircraft to restrain, seat, or position children who weigh 36 kilograms (kg) (80 lb) or less. Contactable surface means any child restraint system surface (other t… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.52 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.213a Standard No. 213a; Child restraint systems—side impact protection. | NHTSA | [87 FR 39310, June 30, 2022, as amended at 89 FR 81846, Oct. 9, 2024] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies side impact protection requirements for child restraint systems recommended for children in a weight range that includes weights up to 18 kilograms (40 pounds) or by children in a height range that includes heights up to 1100 millimeters (43 inches). S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of children killed or injured in motor vehicle side impacts. Each child restraint system subject to this standard shall also meet all applicable requirements in FMVSS No. 213 (§ 571.213). S3. Application. This standard applies to add-on child restraint systems that are either recommended for use by children in a weight range that includes weights up to 18 kilograms (40 pounds) regardless of height, or by children in a height range that includes heights up to 1100 millimeters regardless of weight, except for car beds and harnesses. S4. Definitions. Add-on child restraint system means any portable child restraint system. Belt-positioning seat means a child restraint system that positions a child on a vehicle seat to improve the fit of a vehicle Type II belt system on the child and that lacks any component, such as a belt system or a structural element, designed to restrain forward movement of the child's torso in a forward impact. Car bed means a child restraint system designed to restrain or position a child in the supine or prone position on a continuous flat surface. Child restraint anchorage system is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§ 571.225). Child restraint system is defined in S4 of FMVSS No. 213 (§ 571.213). Contactable surface means any child restraint system surface (other than that of a belt, belt buckle, or belt adjustment hardware) that may contact any part of the head or torso of the appropriate test dummy, specified in S7, when a child restraint system is tested in accordance with S6.1. Harness means a combination pelvic and upper torso child restraint system that consists primarily of flexible material, such as straps, web… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.53 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.213b Standard No. 213b; Child restraint systems; Mandatory applicability beginning December 5, 2026. | NHTSA | [88 FR 84591, Dec. 5, 2023, as amended at 89 FR 81846, Oct. 9, 2024; 90 FR 1341, Jan. 7, 2025; 90 FR 11031, Mar. 3, 2025] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for child restraint systems used in motor vehicles and aircraft. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of children killed or injured in motor vehicle crashes and in aircraft. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses, and to child restraint systems for use in motor vehicles and aircraft, manufactured on or after December 5, 2026. S4. Definitions — Add-on child restraint system means any portable child restraint system. Backless child restraint system means a child restraint system, other than a belt-positioning seat, that consists of a seating platform that does not extend up to provide a cushion for the child's back or head and has a structural element designed to restrain forward motion of the child's torso in a forward impact. Belt-positioning seat means a child restraint system that positions a child on a vehicle seat to improve the fit of a vehicle Type 2 belt system on the child and that lacks any component, such as a belt system or a structural element, designed to restrain forward movement of the child's torso in a forward impact. Booster seat means either a backless child restraint system or a belt-positioning seat. Built-in child restraint system means a child restraint system that is designed to be an integral part of and permanently installed in a motor vehicle. Car bed means a child restraint system designed to restrain or position a child in the supine or prone position on a continuous flat surface. Child restraint anchorage system is defined in S3 of FMVSS No. 225 (§ 571.225). Child restraint system means any device, except Type 1 or Type 2 seat belts, designed for use in a motor vehicle or aircraft to restrain, seat, or position children who weigh 36 kilograms (kg) (80 lb) or less. Contactable surface means any child restraint system surface (other than that of a belt, belt buckle, or belt adjustment hardware) that may contact any… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.54 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.214 Standard No. 214; Side impact protection. | NHTSA | [72 FR 51957, Sept. 11, 2007, as amended at 73 FR 32483, June 9, 2008; 75 FR 12139, Mar. 15, 2010; 77 FR 767, Jan. 6, 2012; 76 FR 52884, Aug. 24, 2011; 77 FR 70914, Nov. 28, 2012; 85 FR 85535, Dec. 29, 2020; 87 FR 39310, June 30, 2022; 87 FR 18597, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1 Scope and purpose. (a) Scope. This standard specifies performance requirements for protection of occupants in side impacts. (b) Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the risk of serious and fatal injury to occupants of passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses in side impacts by specifying strength requirements for side doors, limiting the forces, deflections and accelerations measured on anthropomorphic dummies in test crashes, and by other means. S2 Applicability. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (kg) (10,000 pounds (lb)) or less, except for walk-in vans, or otherwise specified. S3 Definitions. Contoured means, with respect to a door, that the lower portion of its front or rear edge is curved upward, typically to conform to a wheel well. Double side doors means a pair of hinged doors with the lock and latch mechanisms located where the door lips overlap. Limited line manufacturer means a manufacturer that sells three or fewer carlines, as that term is defined in 49 CFR 583.4, in the United States during a production year. Lowered floor means the replacement floor on a motor vehicle whose original floor has been removed, in part or in total, and replaced by a floor that is lower than the original floor. Modified roof means the replacement roof on a motor vehicle whose original roof has been removed, in part or in total. Raised roof is used as defined in paragraph S4 of 49 CFR 571.216. Walk-in van means a special cargo/mail delivery vehicle that has only one designated seating position. That designated seating position must be forward facing and for use only by the driver. The vehicle usually has a thin and light sliding (or folding) side door for easy operation and a high roof clearance that a person of medium stature can enter the passenger compartment area in an up-right position. S4… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.55 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.215 [Reserved] | NHTSA | ||||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.56 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.216 Standard No. 216; Roof crush resistance; Applicable unless a vehicle is certified to § 571.216a. | NHTSA | [36 FR 23300, Dec. 8, 1971, as amended at 38 FR 21930, Aug. 14, 1973; 56 FR 15517, Apr. 17, 1991; 58 FR 5633, Jan. 22, 1993; 60 FR 13647, Mar. 14, 1995; 64 FR 22578, Apr. 27, 1999; 65 FR 4581, Jan. 31, 2000; 74 FR 22384, May 12, 2009] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes strength requirements for the passenger compartment roof. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries due to the crushing of the roof into the occupant compartment in rollover crashes. S3. Application. (a) This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with a GVWR of 2,722 kilograms (6,000 pounds) or less. However, it does not apply to— (a) School buses; (b) Vehicles that conform to the rollover test requirements (S5.3) of Standard No. 208 (§ 571.208) by means that require no action by vehicle occupants; (c) Convertibles, except for optional compliance with the standard as an alternative to the rollover test requirements in S5.3 of Standard No. 208; or (d) Vehicles certified to comply with § 571.216a. S4. Definitions. Altered roof means the replacement roof on a motor vehicle whose original roof has been removed, in part or in total, and replaced by a roof that is higher than the original roof. The replacement roof on a motor vehicle whose original roof has been replaced, in whole or in part, by a roof that consists of glazing materials, such as those in T-tops and sunroofs, and is located at the level of the original roof, is not considered to be an altered roof. Raised roof means, with respect to a roof which includes an area that protrudes above the surrounding exterior roof structure, that protruding area of the roof. Roof over the front seat area means the portion of the roof, including windshield trim, forward of a transverse vertical plane passing through a point 162 mm rearward of the SgRP of the rearmost front outboard seating position. Windshield trim means molding of any material between the windshield glazing and the exterior roof surface, including material that covers a part of either the windshield glazing or exterior roof surface. S5. Requirements. Subject to S5.1, when the test device described in S6 is used to apply a force to either side of the forward … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.57 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.216a Standard No. 216a; Roof crush resistance; Upgraded standard. | NHTSA | [74 FR 22384, May 12, 2009, as amended at 75 FR 17605, Apr. 7, 2010; 77 FR 768, Jan. 6, 2012; 87 FR 18599, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes strength requirements for the passenger compartment roof. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries due to the crushing of the roof into the occupant compartment in rollover crashes. S3 Application and selection of compliance options. S3.1 Application. (a) This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less, according to the implementation schedule specified in S8 and S9 of this section. However, it does not apply to— (1) School buses; (2) Vehicles that conform to the rollover test requirements (S5.3) of Standard No. 208 (§ 571.208) by means that require no action by vehicle occupants; (3) Convertibles, except for optional compliance with the standard as an alternative to the rollover test requirement (S5.3) of Standard No. 208; or (4) Trucks built in two or more stages with a GVWR greater than 2,722 kilograms (6,000 pounds) not built using a chassis cab or using an incomplete vehicle with a full exterior van body. (b) At the option of the manufacturer, vehicles within either of the following categories may comply with the roof crush requirements (S4) of Standard No. 220 (§ 571.220) instead of the requirements of this standard: (1) Vehicles built in two or more stages, other than vehicles built using a chassis cab; (2) Vehicles with a GVWR greater than 2,722 kilograms (6,000 pounds) that have an altered roof as defined by S4 of this section. (c) Manufacturers may comply with the standard in this § 571.216a as an alternative to § 571.216. S3.2 Selection of compliance option. Where manufacturer options are specified, the manufacturer shall select the option by the time it certifies the vehicle and may not thereafter select a different option for the vehicle. Each manufacturer shall, upon the request from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, provide information regarding whi… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.58 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.217 Standard No. 217; Bus emergency exits and window retention and release. | NHTSA | [37 FR 9395, May 10, 1972] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements for the retention of windows other than windshields in buses, and establishes operating forces, opening dimensions, and markings for bus emergency exits. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to minimize the likelihood of occupants being thrown from the bus and to provide a means of readily accessible emergency egress. S3. Application. This standard applies to buses, except buses manufactured for the purpose of transporting persons under physical restraint. S4. Definitions. Adjacent seat means a designated seating position located so that some portion of its occupant space is not more than 10 inches from an emergency exit, for a distance of at least 15 inches measured horizontally and parallel to the exit. Mid-point of the passenger compartment means any point on a vertical transverse plane bisecting the vehicle longitudinal centerline that extends between the two vertical transverse planes which define the foremost and rearmost limits of the passenger compartment. Occupant space means the space directly above the seat and footwell, bounded vertically by the ceiling and horizontally by the normally positioned seat back and the nearest obstruction of occupant motion in the direction the seat faces. Passenger compartment means space within the school bus interior that is between a vertical transverse plane located 76 centimeters in front of the forwardmost passenger seating reference point and a vertical transverse plane tangent to the rear interior wall of the bus at the vehicle centerline. Post and roof bow panel space means the area between two adjacent post and roof bows. Push-out window means a vehicle window designed to open outward to provide for emergency egress. Sliding window means a bus window designed to open by moving vertically or horizontally to provide emergency egress. Wheelchair means a wheeled seat frame for the support and conveyance of a physically disabled person, comprising at least a frame, seat, and wheels. W… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.59 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.217a Standard No. 217a; Anti-ejection glazing for bus portals; Mandatory applicability beginning October 30, 2027. | NHTSA | [89 FR 86282, Oct. 30, 2024, as amended at 91 FR 1715, Jan. 15, 2026] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements to improve side and roof bus portals by way of glazing that is highly resistant to partial or complete occupant ejection in all types of crashes. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce death and injuries resulting from complete and partial ejections of bus occupants through side and roof portals during rollovers and other crashes. S3. Application. (a) Subject to S3(b) of this section, this standard applies to: (1) Over-the-road buses manufactured on or after October 30, 2027, and (2) Buses, other than over-the-road buses, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) greater than 11,793 kilograms (kg) manufactured on or after October 30, 2027. (b) This standard does not apply to school buses, transit buses, prison buses, and perimeter-seating buses. S4. Definitions. Daylight opening means, for openings on the side of the vehicle (other than a door opening), the locus of all points where a horizontal line, perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal centerline, is tangent to the periphery of the opening. For openings on the roof of the vehicle, daylight opening means the locus of all points where a vertical line is tangent to the periphery of the opening. The periphery includes surfaces 100 millimeters (mm) inboard of the inside surface of the window glazing and 25 mm outboard of the outside surface of the window glazing. The periphery excludes the following: Any flexible gasket material or weather stripping used to create a waterproof seal between the glazing and the vehicle interior; grab handles used to facilitate occupant egress and ingress; a restraining barrier; and any part of a seat. An example of a daylight opening periphery is provided in Figure 3 for illustrative purposes only. Latch attachment point means the center point of the latch's interface connecting the window and the bus structure when the window is closed, and the latch is in the locked position. Over-the-road bus means a bus characterized by an elevated passe… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.6 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.106 Standard No. 106; Brake hoses. | NHTSA | [38 FR 31303, Nov. 13, 1973] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies labeling and performance requirements for motor vehicle brake hose, brake hose assemblies, and brake hose end fittings. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries occurring as a result of brake system failure from pressure or vacuum loss due to hose or hose assembly rupture. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, trailers, and motorcycles, and to hydraulic, air, and vacuum brake hose, brake hose assemblies, and brake hose end fittings for use in those vehicles. S4. Definitions. Armor means protective material installed on a brake hose to increase the resistance of the hose or hose assembly to abrasion or impact damage. Brake hose means a flexible conduit, other than a vacuum tubing connector, manufactured for use in a brake system to transmit or contain the fluid pressure or vacuum used to apply force to a vehicle's brakes. For hose, a dimensional description such as “ 1/4 -inch hose” refers to the nominal inside diameter. For tubing, a dimensional description such as “ 1/4 -in tubing” refers to the nominal outside diameter. Brake hose assembly means a brake hose, with or without armor, equipped with end fittings for use in a brake system, but does not include an air or vacuum assembly prepared by the owner or operator of a used vehicle, by his employee, or by a repair facility, for installation in that used vehicle. Brake hose end fitting means a coupler, other than a clamp, designed for attachment to the end of a brake hose. Free length means the linear measurement of hose exposed between the end fittings of a hose assembly in a straight position. Permanently attached end fitting means an end fitting that is attached by deformation of the fitting about the hose by crimping or swaging, or an end fitting that is attached by use of a sacrificial sleeve or ferrule that requires replacement each time a hose assembly is rebuilt. Preformed means a brake hose th… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.60 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.218 Standard No. 218; Motorcycle helmets. | NHTSA | [38 FR 22391, Aug. 20, 1973, as amended at 39 FR 3554, Jan. 28, 1974; 45 FR 15181, Mar. 10, 1980; 53 FR 11288, Apr. 6, 1988; 53 FR 12529, Apr. 15, 1988; 76 FR 28160, May 13, 2011; 77 FR 768, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes minimum performance requirements for helmets designed for use by motorcyclists and other motor vehicle users. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries to motorcyclists and other motor vehicle users resulting from head impacts. S3. Application. This standard applies to all helmets designed for use by motorcyclists and other motor vehicle users. S4. Definitions. Basic plane means a plane through the centers of the right and left external ear openings and the lower edge of the eye sockets (Figure 1) of a reference headform (Figure 2) or test headform. Discrete size means a numerical value that corresponds to the diameter of an equivalent circle representing the helmet interior in inches (±0.25 inch) or to the circumference of the equivalent circle in centimeters (±0.64 centimeters). Helmet positioning index means the distance in inches, as specified by the manufacturer, from the lowest point of the brow opening at the lateral midpoint of the helmet to the basic plane of a reference headform, when the helmet is firmly and properly positioned on the reference headform. Impact site means the point on the helmet where the helmet shell first contacts the test anvil during the impact attenuation test. Midsagittal plane means a longitudinal plane through the apex of a reference headform or test headform that is perpendicular to the basic plane (Figure 3). Reference headform means a measuring device contoured to the dimensions of one of the three headforms described in Table 2 and Figures 5 through 8 with surface markings indicating the locations of the basic, mid-sagittal, and reference planes, and the centers of the external ear openings. Reference plane means a plane above and parallel to the basic plane on a reference headform or test headform (Figure 2) at the distance indicated in Table 2. Retention system means the complete assembly by which the helmet is retained in position on the head during use. Test headform means … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.61 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.219 Standard No. 219; Windshield zone intrusion. | NHTSA | [40 FR 25462, June 16, 1975, as amended at 40 FR 53033, Nov. 14, 1975; 41 FR 54946, Dec. 16, 1976; 45 FR 22046, Apr. 3, 1980; 63 FR 28946, May 27, 1998; 87 FR 18599, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies limits for the displacement into the windshield area of motor vehicle components during a crash. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce crash injuries and fatalities that result from occupants contacting vehicle components displaced near or through the windshield. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses of 4,536 kilograms or less gross vehicle weight rating. However, it does not apply to forward control vehicles, walk-in van-type vehicles, or to open-body-type vehicles with fold-down or removable windshields. S4. Definitions. Daylight Opening (DLO) means the maximum unobstructed opening through the glazing surface, including reveal or garnish moldings adjoining the surface, as measured parallel to the outer surface of the glazing material. S5. Requirement. When the vehicle travelling longitudinally forward at any speed up to and including 48 km/h impacts a fixed collision barrier that is perpendicular to the line of travel of the vehicle, under the conditions of S7, no part of the vehicle outside the occupant compartment, except windshield molding and other components designed to be normally in contact with the windshield, shall penetrate the protected zone template, affixed according to S6, to a depth of more than 6 mm, and no such part of a vehicle shall penetrate the inner surface of that portion of the windshield, within the DLO, below the protected zone defined in S6. S6. Protected zone template. S6.1 The lower edge of the protected zone is determined by the following procedure (See Figure 1). (a) Place a 165 mm diameter rigid sphere, with a mass of 6.8 kg in a position such that it simultaneously contacts the inner surface of the windshield glazing and the surface of the instrument panel, including padding. If any accessories or equipment such as the steering control system obstruct positioning of the sphere, remove them for the… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.62 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.220 Standard No. 220; School bus rollover protection. | NHTSA | [41 FR 3875, Jan. 27, 1976, as amended at 41 FR 36026, 36027, Aug. 26, 1976; 63 FR 28948, May 27, 1998] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance requirements for school bus rollover protection. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and the severity of injuries that result from failure of the school bus body structure to withstand forces encountered in rollover crashes. S3. Applicability. This standard applies to school buses. S4. Requirements. When a force in Newtons equal to 1 1/2 times the unloaded vehicle weight in kilograms multiplied by 9.8 m/sec 2 is applied to the roof of the vehicle's body structure through a force application plate as specified in S5, Test procedures— (a) The downward vertical movement at any point on the application plate shall not exceed 130 mm and (b) Each emergency exit of the vehicle provided in accordance with Standard No. 217 (§ 571.217) shall be capable of opening as specified in that standard during the full application of the force and after release of the force, except that an emergency exit located in the roof of the vehicle is not required to be capable of being opened during the application of the force. A particular vehicle (i.e., test specimen) need not meet the emergency exit opening requirement after release of force if it is subjected to the emergency exit opening requirements during the full application of the force. S5. Test procedures. Each vehicle shall be capable of meeting the requirements of S4. when tested in accordance with the procedures set forth below. S5.1 With any non-rigid chassis-to-body mounts replaced with equivalent rigid mounts, place the vehicle on a rigid horizontal surface so that the vehicle is entirely supported by means of the vehicle frame. If the vehicle is constructed without a frame, place the vehicle on its body sills. Remove any components which extend upward from the vehicle roof. S5.2 Use a flat, rigid, rectangular force application plate that is measured with respect to the vehicle roof longitudinal and lateral centerlines, (a) In the case of a vehicle with a GVWR of m… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.63 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.221 Standard No. 221; School bus body joint strength. | NHTSA | [41 FR 3872, Jan. 27, 1976, as amended at 41 FR 36027, Aug. 26, 1976; 67 FR 64366, 64367, Dec. 13, 2002; 68 FR 6360, Feb. 7, 2003; 77 FR 768, Jan. 6, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements for the strength of the body panel joints in school bus bodies. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries resulting from the structural collapse of school bus bodies during crashes. S3. Application. This standard applies to school buses. S4. Definitions. Body component means a part of a bus body made from a single piece of homogeneous material or from a single piece of composite material such as plywood. Body panel means a body component used on the exterior or interior surface to enclose the bus' occupant space. Body panel joint means the area of contact or close proximity between the edges of a body panel and another body component, including but not limited to floor panels, and body panels made of composite materials such as plastic or plywood, excluding trim and decorative parts which do not contribute to the strength of the bus body, members such as rub rails which are entirely outside of body panels, ventilation panels, components provided for functional purposes, and engine access covers. Bus body means that portion of a bus that encloses the bus occupant space, including the floor, but excluding the bumpers and chassis frame and any structure forward of the passenger compartment. Maintenance access panel means a body panel which must be moved or removed to provide access to one or more serviceable component(s). Passenger compartment means space within the school bus interior that is between a vertical transverse plane located 762 mm in front of the forwardmost passenger seating reference point and including a vertical transverse plane tangent to the rear interior wall of the bus at the vehicle centerline. Serviceable component means any part of the bus, of either a mechanical or electrical nature, which is explicitly identified by the bus chassis and/or body manufacturer in the owner's manual or factory service manual as requiring routine maintenance actions at intervals of one year or less. Tubing, wir… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.64 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.222 Standard No. 222; School bus passenger seating and crash protection. | NHTSA | [41 FR 4018, Jan. 28, 1976] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes occupant protection requirements for school bus passenger seating and restraining barriers. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and the severity of injuries that result from the impact of school bus occupants against structures within the vehicle during crashes and sudden driving maneuvers. S3. Application. This standard applies to school buses. S4. Definitions. Contactable surface means any surface within the zone specified in S5.3.1.1 that is contactable from any direction by the test device described in S6.6, except any surface on the front of a seat back or restraining barrier 76 mm or more below the top of the seat back or restraining barrier. Fixed occupancy seat means a bench seat equipped with Type 2 seat belts that has a permanent configuration regarding the number of seating positions on the seat. The number of seating positions on the bench seat cannot be increased or decreased. Flexible occupancy seat means a bench seat equipped with Type 2 seat belts that can be reconfigured so that the number of seating positions on the seat can change. The seat has a minimum occupancy configuration and maximum occupancy configuration, and the number of passengers capable of being carried in the minimum occupancy configuration must differ from the number of passengers capable of being carried in the maximum occupancy configuration. Maximum occupancy configuration means, on a bench seat equipped with Type 2 seat belts, an arrangement whereby the lap belt portion of the Type 2 seat belts is such that the maximum number of occupants can be belted. Minimum occupancy configuration means, on a bench seat equipped with Type 2 seat belts, an arrangement whereby the lap belt portion of the Type 2 seat belts is such that the minimum number of occupants can be belted. School bus passenger seat means a seat in a school bus, other than the driver's seat. Seat bench width means the maximum transverse width of the bench seat cushion… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.65 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.223 Standard No. 223; Rear impact guards. | NHTSA | [61 FR 2030, Jan. 24, 1996, as amended at 63 FR 3662, Jan. 26, 1998; 69 FR 67662, Nov. 19, 2004; 87 FR 42366, July 15, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for rear impact guards for trailers and semitrailers. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and serious injuries that occur when light duty vehicles collide with the rear end of trailers and semitrailers. S3. Application. This standard applies to rear impact guards for trailers and semitrailers subject to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 224, Rear Impact Protection (§ 571.224). S4. Definitions. In this standard, directional terms such as bottom, center, height, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, and rear refer to directions relative to the vehicle orientation when the guard is oriented as if it were installed on a vehicle according to the installation instructions in S5.5 of this section. Chassis means the load supporting frame structure of a motor vehicle. Guard width means the maximum horizontal guard dimension that is perpendicular to the longitudinal vertical plane passing through the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle when the guard is installed on the vehicle according to the installation instructions in S5.5 of this section. Ground clearance means the vertical distance from the bottom edge of a horizontal member to the ground. Horizontal member means the structural member of the guard that meets the configuration requirements of S5.1.1 through 5.1.3 of § 571.224, Rear Impact Protection, when the guard is installed on a vehicle according to the guard manufacturer's installation instructions. Hydraulic guard means a guard designed to use fluid properties to provide resistance force to deformation. Load path means a route of force transmission between the horizontal member and the chassis. Rear impact guard means a device installed on or near the rear of a vehicle so that when the vehicle is struck from the rear, the device limits the distance that the striking vehicle's front end slides under the rear end of the impacted vehicle. Rigid test fixture means a supporting structur… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.66 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.224 Standard No. 224; Rear impact protection. | NHTSA | [61 FR 2035, Jan. 24, 1996, as amended at 63 FR 3662, Jan. 26, 1998; 69 FR 64500, Nov. 5, 2004; 69 FR 67668, Nov. 19, 2004; 71 FR 9277, Feb. 23, 2006; 87 FR 42372, July 15, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes requirements for the installation of rear impact guards on trailers and semitrailers with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kg or more. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of deaths and serious injuries occurring when light duty vehicles impact the rear of trailers and semitrailers with a GVWR of 4,536 kg or more. S3. Application. This standard applies to trailers and semitrailers with a GVWR of 4,356 kg or more. The standard does not apply to pole trailers, pulpwood trailers, low chassis vehicles, road construction controlled horizontal discharge trailers, special purpose vehicles, wheels back vehicles, or temporary living quarters as defined in 49 CFR 523.2. If a cargo tank motor vehicle, as defined in 49 CFR 171.8, is certified to carry hazardous materials and has a rear bumper or rear end protection device conforming with 49 CFR part 178 located in the area of the horizontal member of the rear underride guard required by this standard, the guard need not comply with the energy absorption requirement (S5.2.2) of 49 CFR 571.223. S4. Definitions. Chassis means the load supporting frame structure of a motor vehicle. Horizontal member means the structural member of the guard that meets the configuration requirements of S5.1 of this section when the guard is installed on the vehicle according to the installation instructions or procedures required by S5.5 of § 571.223, Rear Impact Guards. Low chassis vehicle means a trailer or semitrailer having a chassis that extends behind the rearmost point of the rearmost tires and a lower rear surface that meets the configuration requirements of S5.1.1 through 5.1.3 of this section. Outer or Outboard means away from the trailer centerline and toward the side extremities of the trailer. Pulpwood trailer means a trailer that is designed exclusively for harvesting logs or pulpwood and constructed with a skeletal frame with no means for attachment of a solid bed, body, or container… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.67 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.225 Standard No. 225; Child restraint anchorage systems. | NHTSA | [64 FR 10823, Mar. 5, 1999, as amended at 64 FR 47587, Aug. 31, 1999; 65 FR 46640, July 31, 2000; 68 FR 24667, May 8, 2003; 68 FR 38226, June 27, 2003; 69 FR 48823, Aug. 11, 2004; 69 FR 60565, Oct. 12, 2004; 69 FR 70915, Dec. 8, 2004; 77 FR 768, Jan. 6, 2012; 87 FR 18599, Mar. 30, 2022; 90 FR 1342, Jan. 7, 2025] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard establishes requirements for child restraint anchorage systems to ensure their proper location and strength for the effective securing of child restraints, to reduce the likelihood of the anchorage systems' failure, and to increase the likelihood that child restraints are properly secured and thus more fully achieve their potential effectiveness in motor vehicles. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars; to trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 3,855 kilograms (8,500 pounds) or less; and to buses (including school buses) with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) or less. This standard does not apply to walk-in van-type vehicles, vehicles manufactured to be sold exclusively to the U.S. Postal Service, shuttle buses, and funeral coaches. S3. Definitions. Child restraint anchorage means any vehicle component, other than Type I or Type II seat belts, that is involved in transferring loads generated by a child restraint system to the vehicle structure. Child restraint anchorage system means a vehicle system that is designed for attaching a child restraint system to a vehicle at a particular designated seating position, consisting of: (a) Two lower anchorages meeting the requirements of S9; and (b) A tether anchorage meeting the requirements of S6. Child restraint fixture (CRF) means the fixture depicted in Figures 1 and 2 of this standard that simulates the dimensions of a child restraint system, and that is used to determine the space required by the child restraint system and the location and accessibility of the lower anchorages. Funeral coach means a vehicle that contains only a front row of occupant seats, is designed exclusively for transporting a body and casket and that is equipped with features to secure a casket in place during operation of the vehicle. Rear designated seating position means any designated seating position (as that term is defined at § 571.3) that is rearward of the front seat… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.68 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.226 Standard No. 226; Ejection Mitigation. | NHTSA | [76 FR 3296, Jan. 19, 2011; 76 FR 10524, Feb. 25, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 55165, Sept. 9, 2013; 85 FR 85535, Dec. 29, 2020; 87 FR 18599, Mar. 30, 2022] | S1. Purpose and Scope. This standard establishes requirements for ejection mitigation systems to reduce the likelihood of complete and partial ejections of vehicle occupants through side windows during rollovers or side impact events. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks designed to carry at least one person, and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kg or less, except walk-in vans, modified roof vehicles, convertibles, and vehicles with no doors or with doors that are designed to be easily attached or removed so the vehicle can be operated without doors. Also excluded from this standard are law enforcement vehicles, correctional institution vehicles, taxis and limousines, if they have a fixed security partition separating the 1st and 2nd or 2nd and 3rd rows and if they are produced by more than one manufacturer or are altered (within the meaning of 49 CFR 567.7). S3. Definitions. Ejection impactor means a device specified in S7.1 of this standard that is a component of the ejection mitigation test device and is the moving mass that strikes the ejection mitigation countermeasure. Ejection impactor targeting point means the intersection of the y-axis of the ejection headform and the outer surface of the ejection headform. Ejection mitigation countermeasure means a device or devices, except seat belts, integrated into the vehicle that reduce the likelihood of occupant ejection through a side window opening, and that requires no action by the occupant for activation. Ejection propulsion mechanism means a device that is a component of the ejection mitigation test device consisting of a mechanism capable of propelling the ejection impactor and constraining it to move along its axis or shaft. Limited-line manufacturer means a manufacturer that sells three or fewer carlines, as that term is defined in 49 CFR 583.4, in the United States during a production year. Modified roof means the replacement roof on a motor vehicle wh… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.69 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.227 Standard No. 227; Bus rollover structural integrity. | NHTSA | [86 FR 74302, Dec. 29, 2021, as amended at 88 FR 77532, Nov. 13, 2023] | S1. Scope. This standard establishes performance requirements for bus rollover structural integrity. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce death and injuries resulting from the structural collapse of the bus body structure in rollover crashes and from partial and complete ejections through emergency exits opening in such crashes. S3. Application. (a) Subject to S3(b), this standard applies to: (1) Over-the-road buses; and (2) Buses that are not over-the-road buses, and that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) greater than 11,793 kilograms (26,000 pounds). (b) This standard does not apply to: (1) School buses, school bus derivative buses, transit buses, and prison buses; and (2) Buses with 7 or fewer designated seating positions rearward of the driver's seating position that are forward-facing or can convert to forward-facing without the use of tools. S4. Definitions. Occupant compartment means a space within the vehicle interior intended for driver and passenger use, excluding any space occupied by fixed appliances such as bars, kitchenettes, or toilets. Over-the-road bus means a bus characterized by an elevated passenger deck located over a baggage compartment. Prison bus means a bus manufactured for the purpose of transporting persons subject to involuntary restraint or confinement and has design features consistent with that purpose. School bus is defined in § 571.3. School bus derivative bus means a bus that meets Federal motor vehicle safety standards for school buses regarding emergency exits (§ 571.217), rollover protection (§ 571.220), bus body joint strength (§ 571.221), and fuel system integrity (§ 571.301). Stop-request system means a vehicle-integrated system for passenger to use to signal to a vehicle operator that they are requesting a stop. Survival space means all points within a three-dimensional space in the occupant compartment as defined within the following volume: (1) The front boundary of the survival space is a transverse vertical plane … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.7 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.107 [Reserved] | NHTSA | ||||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.70 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.301 Standard No. 301; Fuel system integrity. | NHTSA | [40 FR 48353, Oct. 15, 1975] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the integrity of motor vehicle fuel systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries occurring from fires that result from fuel spillage during and after motor vehicle crashes, and resulting from ingestion of fuels during siphoning. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses that have a GVWR of 4,536 kg or less and use fuel with a boiling point above 0 °C, and to school buses that have a GVWR greater than 4,536 kg and use fuel with a boiling point above 0 °C. S4. Definition. Fuel spillage means the fall, flow, or run of fuel from the vehicle but does not include wetness resulting from capillary action. S5. General requirements. S5.1 Passenger cars, and multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less. Each passenger car and each multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, and bus with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less shall meet the requirements of S6.1 through S6.4. Each of these types of vehicles that is manufactured to use alcohol fuels shall also meet the requirements of S6.6. S5.2 [Reserved] S5.3 [Reserved] S5.4 Schoolbuses with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds. Each schoolbus with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds shall meet the requirements of S6.5. Each schoolbus with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds that is manufactured to use alcohol fuels shall meet the requirements of S6.6. S5.5 Fuel spillage; Barrier crash. Fuel spillage in any fixed or moving barrier crash test shall not exceed 28 g from impact until motion of the vehicle has ceased, and shall not exceed a total of 142 g in the 5-minute period following cessation of motion. For the subsequent 25-minute period, fuel spillage during any 1 minute interval shall not exceed 28 g. S5.6 Fuel spillage; rollover. Fuel spillage in any rollover test, from the onset of rotational motion, shall not exceed a total of 142 g for the first 5 minutes … | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.71 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.302 Standard No. 302; Flammability of interior materials. | NHTSA | [36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 40 FR 14319, Mar. 31, 1975; 40 FR 42747, Sept. 16, 1975; 40 FR 56667, Dec. 4, 1975; 63 FR 28954, 28956, May 27, 1998; 63 FR 51003, Sept. 24, 1998] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies burn resistance requirements for materials used in the occupant compartments of motor vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the deaths and injuries to motor vehicle occupants caused by vehicle fires, especially those originating in the interior of the vehicle from sources such as matches or cigarettes. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses. S3A. Definitions. Occupant compartment air space means the space within the occupant compartment that normally contains refreshable air. S4. Requirements. S4.1 The portions described in S4.2 of the following components of vehicle occupant compartments shall meet the requirements of S4.3: Seat cushions, seat backs, seat belts, headlining, convertible tops, arm rests, all trim panels including door, front, rear, and side panels, compartment shelves, head restraints, floor coverings, sun visors, curtains, shades, wheel housing covers, engine compartment covers, mattress covers, and any other interior materials, including padding and crash-deployed elements, that are designed to absorb energy on contact by occupants in the event of a crash. S4.1.1 [Reserved] S4.2 Any portion of a single or composite material which is within 13 mm of the occupant compartment air space shall meet the requirements of S4.3. S4.2.1 Any material that does not adhere to other material(s) at every point of contact shall meet the requirements of S4.3 when tested separately. S4.2.2 Any material that adheres to other materials at every point of contact shall meet the requirements of S4.3 when tested as a composite with the other material(s). Material A has a non-adhering interface with material B and is tested separately. Part of material B is within 13 mm of the occupant compartment air space, and materials B and C adhere at every point of contact; therefore, B and C are tested as a composite. The cut is in material C as shown, to make a specimen 13 mm thick… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.72 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.303 Standard No. 303; Fuel system integrity of compressed natural gas vehicles. | NHTSA | [59 FR 19659, Apr. 25, 1994, as amended at 60 FR 2543, Jan. 10, 1995; 60 FR 57948, Nov. 24, 1995] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the integrity of motor vehicle fuel systems using compressed natural gas (CNG), including the CNG fuel systems of bi-fuel, dedicated, and dual fuel CNG vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries occurring from fires that result from fuel leakage during and after motor vehicle crashes. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 pounds or less and use CNG as a motor fuel. This standard also applies to school buses regardless of weight that use CNG as a motor fuel. S4. Definitions. Bi-fuel CNG vehicle means a vehicle equipped with two independent fuel systems, one of which is designed to supply CNG and the second to supply a fuel other than CNG. CNG fuel container means a container designed to store CNG as motor fuel onboard a motor vehicle. CNG fuel system means all components used to store or supply CNG to a vehicle's engine. Dedicated CNG vehicle means a vehicle equipped with one fuel system and designed to operate on CNG. Dual-fuel CNG vehicle means a vehicle which is fueled by two fuels simultaneously, one of which is CNG and the second is a fuel other than CNG. High pressure portion of a fuel system means all the components from and including each CNG fuel container up to, but not including, the first pressure regulator. Service pressure means the internal pressure of a CNG fuel container when filled to design capacity with CNG at 20 °Celsius (68 °Fahrenheit). S5. General requirements. S5.1 Vehicle requirements. S5.1.1 Vehicles with GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less. Each passenger car, multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, and bus with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less that uses CNG as a motor fuel and that is manufactured on or after September 1, 1995 shall meet the requirements of S6, except S6.4. S5.1.2 Schoolbuses with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds. Each school… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.73 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.304 Standard No. 304; Compressed natural gas fuel container integrity. | NHTSA | [59 FR 49021, Sept. 26, 1994; 59 FR 66776, Dec. 28, 1994; 60 FR 37843, July 24, 1995; 60 FR 57948, Nov. 24, 1995; 61 FR 19204, May 1, 1996; 61 FR 47089, Sept. 6, 1996; 63 FR 66765, Dec. 3, 1998; 65 FR 51772, Aug. 25, 2000; 65 FR 64626, Oct. 30, 2000; 87 FR 7964, Feb. 11, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the integrity of compressed natural gas (CNG), motor vehicle fuel containers. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries occurring from fires that result from fuel leakage during and after motor vehicle crashes. S3. Application. This standard applies to each passenger car, multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, and bus that uses CNG as a motor fuel and to each container designed to store CNG as motor fuel on-board any motor vehicle. S4. Definitions. Brazing means a group of welding processes wherein coalescence is produced by heating to a suitable temperature above 800 °F and by using a nonferrous filler metal, having a melting point below that to the base metals. The filler metal is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary attraction. Burst pressure means the highest internal pressure reached in a CNG fuel container during a burst test at a temperature of 21 °C (70 °F). CNG fuel container means a container designed to store CNG as motor fuel on-board a motor vehicle. Fill pressure means the internal pressure of a CNG fuel container attained at the time of filling. Fill pressure varies according to the gas temperature in the container which is dependent on the charging parameters and the ambient conditions. Full wrapped means applying the reinforcement of a filament or resin system over the entire liner, including the domes. Hoop wrapped means winding of filament in a substantially circumferential pattern over the cylindrical portion of the liner so that the filament does not transmit any significant stresses in a direction parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis. Hydrostatic pressure means the internal pressure to which a CNG fuel container is taken during testing set forth in S5.4.1. Liner means the inner gas tight container or gas cylinder to which the overwrap is applied. Service pressure means the internal settled pressure of a CNG fuel container at a uniform gas… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.74 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.305 Standard No. 305; electric-powered vehicles: electrolyte spillage and electrical shock protection; applicable unless a vehicle is certified to § 571.305a. | NHTSA | [65 FR 57988, Sept. 27, 2000, as amended at 66 FR 60160, Dec. 3, 2001; 69 FR 51399, Aug. 19, 2004; 72 FR 51972, Sept. 11, 2007; 75 FR 12141, Mar. 15, 2010; 75 FR 33527, June 14, 2010; 76 FR 45448, July 29, 2011; 80 FR 2325, Jan. 16, 2015; 82 FR 44960, Sept. 27, 2017; 84 FR 44257, Aug. 23, 2019; 89 FR 104352, Dec. 20, 2024] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for limitation of electrolyte spillage and retention of electric energy storage/conversion devices during and after a crash, and protection from harmful electric shock during and after a crash and during normal vehicle operation. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries during and after a crash that occur because of electrolyte spillage from electric energy storage devices, intrusion of electric energy storage/conversion devices into the occupant compartment, and electrical shock, and to reduce deaths and injuries during normal vehicle operation that occur because of electric shock or driver error. S3. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars, and to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (kg) or less, that use electrical propulsion components with working voltages greater than 60 volts direct current (VDC) or 30 volts alternating current (VAC), and whose speed attainable over a distance of 1.6 km on a paved level surface is more than 40 km/h, that are manufactured before September 1, 2027. S4. Definitions. Automatic disconnect means a device that when triggered, conductively separates a high voltage source from the electric power train or the rest of the electric power train. Charge connector is a conductive device that, by insertion into a vehicle charge inlet, establishes an electrical connection of the vehicle to the external electric power supply for the purpose of transferring energy and exchanging information. Connector means a device providing mechanical connection and disconnection of high voltage electrical conductors to a suitable mating component, including its housing. Direct contact is the contact of persons with high voltage live parts. Electric energy storage device means a high voltage source that stores energy for vehicle propulsion. This includes, but is not limited to, a high voltage battery or battery pack, r… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.75 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.305a Standard No. 305a; electric-powered vehicles: Electric powertrain integrity; mandatory applicability begins on September 1, 2027. | NHTSA | [89 FR 104352, Dec. 20, 2024] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for protection from harmful electric shock, fire, explosion, and gas venting during normal vehicle operation and during and after a crash. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries during normal vehicle operations and during and after a crash that occur because of electrolyte leakage, intrusion of electric energy storage/conversion devices into the occupant compartment, electric shock, fire, explosion, and gas venting, including deaths and injuries due to driver error. S3. Application. (a) This standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses that use electrical propulsion components with working voltages greater than 60 volts direct current (VDC) or 30 volts alternating current (VAC), and whose speed attainable over a distance of 1.6 km on a paved level surface is more than 40 km/h. (b) Mandatory applicability begins September 1, 2027, for vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4,536 kilograms (kg) or less and September 1, 2028, for vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating over 4,536 kg. Small-volume manufacturers, final-stage manufacturers, and alterers are provided an additional year to comply with the requirements beyond the dates identified in this paragraph (b). S4. Definitions. Active driving possible mode means the vehicle mode when application of pressure to the accelerator pedal (or activation of an equivalent control) or release of the brake system causes the electric power train to move the vehicle. Automatic disconnect means a device that when triggered, conductively separates a high voltage source from the electric power train or the rest of the electric power train. Breakout harness means connector wires that are connected for testing purposes to the REESS on the traction side of the automatic disconnect. Capacitor means a device used to store electrical energy, consisting of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator: x-capacitors are c… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.76 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.307 Standard No. 307; Fuel system integrity of hydrogen vehicles. | NHTSA | [90 FR 6277, Jan. 17, 2025] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for the integrity of motor vehicle hydrogen fuel systems. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries occurring from fires that result from hydrogen fuel leakage during vehicle operation and after motor vehicle crashes. S3. Application. This standard applies to each motor vehicle manufactured on or after September 1, 2028, that uses compressed hydrogen gas as a fuel source to propel the vehicle. S4. Definitions. Check valve means a valve that prevents reverse flow. Closure devices mean the check valve(s), shut-off valve(s), and thermally-activated pressure relief device(s) that control the flow of hydrogen into and/or out of a CHSS. Container means a pressure-bearing component of a compressed hydrogen storage system that stores a continuous volume of hydrogen fuel in a single chamber or in multiple permanently interconnected chambers. Container attachments mean non-pressure bearing parts attached to the container that provide additional support and/or protection to the container and that may be removed only with the use of tools for the specific purpose of maintenance and/or inspection. Compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) means a system that stores compressed hydrogen fuel for a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, composed of a container, container attachments (if any), and all closure devices required to isolate the stored hydrogen from the remainder of the fuel system and the environment. Enclosed or semi-enclosed spaces means the passenger compartment, luggage compartment, and space under the hood. Fuel cell system means a system containing the fuel cell stack(s), air processing system, fuel flow control system, exhaust system, thermal management system, and water management system. Fueling receptacle means the equipment to which a fueling station nozzle attaches to the vehicle and through which fuel is transferred to the vehicle. Fuel lines means all piping, tubing, joints, and any components such as flow con… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.77 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.308 Standard No. 308; Compressed hydrogen storage system integrity. | NHTSA | [90 FR 6281, Jan. 17, 2025] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for compressed hydrogen storage systems used in motor vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce deaths and injuries occurring from fires that result from hydrogen fuel leakage during vehicle operation and to reduce deaths and injuries occurring from explosions resulting from the burst of pressurized hydrogen containers. S3. Application. This standard applies to each motor vehicle manufactured on or after September 1, 2028, that is equipped with compressed hydrogen gas as a fuel source to propel the vehicle. The standard does not apply to vehicles that are only equipped with cryo-compressed hydrogen storage systems and/or solid-state hydrogen storage system to propel the vehicle. S4. Definitions. BP O means the vehicle manufacturer-supplied median burst pressure for a batch of new containers. Burst means to break apart or to break open. Burst pressure means the highest pressure achieved for a container tested in accordance with S6.2.2.1 of this standard. Check valve means a valve that prevents reverse flow. Closure devices mean the check valve(s), shut-off valve(s), and thermally-activated pressure relief device(s) that control the flow of hydrogen into and/or out of a CHSS. Container means a pressure-bearing component of a compressed hydrogen storage system that stores a continuous volume of hydrogen fuel in a single chamber or in multiple permanently interconnected chambers. Container attachments mean non-pressure bearing parts attached to the container that provide additional support and/or protection to the container and that may be removed only with the use of tools for the specific purpose of maintenance and/or inspection. Compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) means a system that stores compressed hydrogen fuel for a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, composed of a container, container attachments (if any), and all closure devices required to isolate the stored hydrogen from the remainder of the fuel system and the env… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.78 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.401 Standard No. 401; Interior trunk release. | NHTSA | [66 FR 43121, Aug. 17, 2001, as amended at 67 FR 19523, Apr. 22, 2002] | S1. Purpose and scope. This standard establishes the requirement for providing a trunk release mechanism that makes it possible for a person trapped inside the trunk compartment of a passenger car to escape from the compartment. S2. Application. This standard applies to passenger cars that have a trunk compartment. This standard does not apply to passenger cars with a back door. S3. Definitions. Back door means a door or door system on the back end of a passenger car through which cargo can be loaded or unloaded. The term includes the hinged back door on a hatchback or a station wagon. Trunk compartment. (a) Means a space that: (1) Is intended to be used for carrying luggage or cargo, (2) Is wholly separated from the occupant compartment of a passenger car by a permanently attached partition or by a fixed or fold-down seat back and/or partition, (3) Has a trunk lid, and (4) Is large enough so that the three-year-old child dummy described in Subpart C of Part 572 can be placed inside the trunk compartment, and the trunk lid can be closed and latched with all removable equipment furnished by the passenger car manufacturer stowed in accordance with label(s) on the passenger car or information in the passenger car owner's manual, or, if no information is provided, as located when the passenger car is delivered. (Note: For purposes of this standard, the Part 572 Subpart C test dummy need not be equipped with the accelerometers specified in § 572.21.) (b) Does not include a sub-compartment within the trunk compartment. Trunk lid means a moveable body panel that is not designed or intended as a passenger car entry point for passengers and that provides access from outside a passenger car to a trunk compartment. The term does not include a back door or the lid of a storage compartment located inside the passenger compartment of a passenger car. S4. Requirements. S4.1 Each passenger car with a trunk compartment must have an automatic or manual release mechanism inside the trunk compartment that unlatc… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.79 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.403 Standard No. 403; Platform lift systems for motor vehicles. | NHTSA | [67 FR 79439, Dec. 27, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 58852, Oct. 1, 2004; 69 FR 76870, Dec. 23, 2004; 77 FR 769, Jan. 6, 2012; 77 FR 20567, Apr. 5, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for platform lifts used to assist persons with limited mobility in entering or leaving a vehicle. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to prevent injuries and fatalities to passengers and bystanders during the operation of platform lifts installed in motor vehicles. S3 Application. This standard applies to platform lifts manufactured on and after April 1, 2005, that are designed to carry standing passengers, who may be aided by canes or walkers, as well as persons seated in wheelchairs, scooters, and other mobility aids, into and out of motor vehicles. S4. Definitions. Bridging device means that portion of a platform lift that provides a transitional surface between the platform surface and the surface of the vehicle floor within the platform threshold area. Cycle means deploying a platform lift from a stowed position, lowering the lift to the ground level loading position, raising the lift to the vehicle floor loading position, and stowing the lift. The term includes operation of any wheelchair retention device, bridging device, and inner roll stop. Deploy means with respect to a platform, its movement from a stowed position to an extended position or, one of the two loading positions. With respect to a wheelchair retention device or inner roll stop, the term means the movement of the device or stop to a fully functional position intended to prevent a passenger from disembarking the platform or being pinched between the platform and vehicle. Floor reference plane means the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal vehicle reference plane for platform lifts that deploy from the side of the vehicle or perpendicular to the transverse vehicle reference plane for platform lifts that deploy from the rear of the vehicle, and tangent to the outermost edge of the vehicle floor surface adjacent to the lift platform. (See figure 1.) Gap means a discontinuity in a plane surface, or between two adjacent surfaces. Inner roll-stop means a device that i… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.8 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.108 Standard No. 108; Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment. | NHTSA | [72 FR 68269, Dec. 4, 2007, as amended at 76 FR 23510, Apr. 27, 2011; 76 FR 48023, Aug. 8, 2011; 77 FR 757, Jan. 6, 2012; 77 FR 71720, Dec. 4, 2012; 80 FR 78669, Dec. 17, 2015; 81 FR 6458, Feb. 8, 2016; 87 FR 10021, Feb. 22, 2022] | S1 Scope. This standard specifies requirements for original and replacement lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment. S2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce traffic accidents and deaths and injuries resulting from traffic accidents, by providing adequate illumination of the roadway, and by enhancing the conspicuity of motor vehicles on the public roads so that their presence is perceived and their signals understood, both in daylight and in darkness or other conditions of reduced visibility. S3 Application. This standard applies to: S3.1 Passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, trailers (except pole trailers and trailer converter dollies), and motorcycles; S3.2 Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors manufactured to conform to S8.2 of this standard; and S3.3 Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment for replacement of like equipment on vehicles to which this standard applies. S4 Definitions. Adaptive driving beam means a long-range light beam for forward visibility, which automatically modifies portions of the projected light to reduce glare to traffic participants on an ongoing, dynamic basis. Aiming plane means a plane defined by the surface of the three aiming pads on the lens. Aiming reference plane means a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and tangent to the forwardmost aiming pad on the headlamp. Aiming screws are the horizontal and vertical adjusting screws with self-locking features used to aim and retain a headlamp unit in the proper position. Axis of reference means the characteristic axis of the lamp for use as the direction of reference (H = 0°, V = 0°) for angles of field for photometric measurements and for installing the lamp on the vehicle. Backup lamp means a lamp or lamps which illuminate the road to the rear of a vehicle and provide a warning signal to pedestrians and other drivers when the vehicle is backing up or is about to back up. Beam contributor means an indivis… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.80 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.404 Standard No. 404; Platform lift installations in motor vehicles. | NHTSA | [67 FR 79451, Dec. 27, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 58855, Oct. 1, 2004; 69 FR 76870, Dec. 23, 2004; 77 FR 20571, Apr. 5, 2012] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for vehicles equipped with platform lifts used to assist persons with limited mobility in entering or leaving a vehicle. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to prevent injuries and fatalities to passengers and bystanders during the operation of platform lifts installed in motor vehicles. S3 Application. This standard applies to motor vehicles manufactured on and after July 1, 2005, that are equipped with a platform lift designed to carry standing passengers who may be aided by canes or walkers, as well as persons seated in wheelchairs, scooters, and other mobility aids, into and out of the vehicle. S4. Requirements. S4.1 Installation requirements. S4.1.1 Lift-equipped buses, school buses, and MPVs other than motor homes with a GVWR greater than 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) must be equipped with a public use lift certified as meeting Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 403, Lift Systems for Motor Vehicles (49 CFR 571.403). S4.1.2 Lift-equipped motor vehicles, other than ones subject to paragraph S4.1.1, must be equipped with a platform lift certified as meeting either the public use lift or private use lift requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 403, Lift Systems for Motor Vehicles (49 CFR 571.403). S4.1.3 Platform lifts must be installed in the vehicle in accordance with the installation instructions or procedures provided pursuant to S6.13 of Standard 403. The vehicle must be of a type identified in the installation instructions as appropriate for the platform lift as certified by the platform lift manufacturer. S4.1.4 The platform lift, as installed, must continue to comply with all the applicable requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 403, Lift Systems for Motor Vehicles (49 CFR 571.403). S4.1.5 Platform Lighting on public use lifts. Public-use lifts must be provided with a light or set of lights that provide at least 22 lm/m 2 or 22 Lux (2 lm/ft 2 or 2 foot-candles) of illumination on all portio… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.81 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.500 Standard No. 500; Low-speed vehicles. | NHTSA | [63 FR 33216, June 17, 1998, as amended at 68 FR 43972, July 25, 2003; 79 FR 19249, Apr. 7, 2014; 81 FR 90521, Dec. 14, 2016; 87 FR 34810, June 8, 2022] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for low-speed vehicles. S2. Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to ensure that low-speed vehicles operated on the public streets, roads, and highways are equipped with the minimum motor vehicle equipment appropriate for motor vehicle safety. S3. Applicability. This standard applies to low-speed vehicles. S4. [Reserved] S5. Requirements. (a) When tested in accordance with test conditions in S6 and test procedures in S7, the maximum speed attainable in 1.6 km (1 mile) by each low-speed vehicle shall not more than 40 kilometers per hour (25 miles per hour). (b) Each low-speed vehicle shall be equipped with: (1) Headlamps, (2) Front and rear turn signal lamps, (3) Taillamps, (4) Stop lamps, (5) Reflex reflectors: one red on each side as far to the rear as practicable, and one red on the rear, (6) An exterior mirror mounted on the driver's side of the vehicle and either an exterior mirror mounted on the passenger's side of the vehicle or an interior mirror, (7) A parking brake, (8) A windshield that conforms to the Federal motor vehicle safety standard on glazing materials (49 CFR 571.205). (9) A VIN that conforms to the requirements of part 565 Vehicle Identification Number of this chapter, and (10) A Type 1 or Type 2 seat belt assembly conforming to Sec. 571.209 of this part, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 209, Seat belt assemblies, installed at each designated seating position. (11) Low-speed vehicles shall comply with the rear visibility requirements specified in paragraphs S6.2 of FMVSS No. 111. (12) An alert sound as required by § 571.141. S6. General test conditions. Each vehicle must meet the performance limit specified in S5(a) under the following test conditions. S6.1. Ambient conditions. S6.1.1. Ambient temperature. The ambient temperature is any temperature between 0 °C (32 °F) and 40 °C (104 °F). S6.1.2. Wind speed. The wind speed is not greater than 5 m/s (11.2 mph). S6.2. Road test surface. S6.2.1.… | ||||
| 49:49:6.1.2.3.41.2.7.9 | 49 | Transportation | V | 571 | PART 571—FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS | B | Subpart B—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards | § 571.109 Standard No. 109; New pneumatic tires for vehicles manufactured from 1949 to 1975, bias ply tires, and T-type spare tires. | NHTSA | [38 FR 30235, Nov. 1, 1973] | S1. Scope. This standard specifies tire dimensions and laboratory test requirements for bead unseating resistance, strength, endurance, and high speed performance; defines tire load ratings; and specifies labeling requirements for passenger car tires. S2. Application. This standard applies to new pneumatic radial tires for use on passenger cars manufactured from 1949 through 1975, new pneumatic bias ply tires, and T-type spare tires. However, it does not apply to any tire that has been so altered so as to render impossible its use, or its repair for use, as motor vehicle equipment. S3. Definitions. Bead means that part of the tire made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords, that is shaped to fit the rim. Bead separation means a breakdown of bond between components in the bead area. Bias ply tire means a pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90° to the centerline of the tread. Carcass means the tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber. Chunking means the breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall. Cord means the strands forming the plies in the tire. Cord separation means cords parting away from adjacent rubber compounds. Cracking means any parting within the tread, sidewall, or innerliner of the tire extending to cord material. Groove means the space between two adjacent tread ribs. Innerliner means the layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire. Innerliner separation means the parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass. Load rating means the maximum load a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure. Maximum permissible inflation pressure means the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. Maximum load rating means the load rating at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Open splice means any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or inn… |
Advanced export
JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object
CREATE TABLE cfr_sections (
section_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
title_number INTEGER,
title_name TEXT,
chapter TEXT,
subchapter TEXT,
part_number TEXT,
part_name TEXT,
subpart TEXT,
subpart_name TEXT,
section_number TEXT,
section_heading TEXT,
agency TEXT,
authority TEXT,
source_citation TEXT,
amendment_citations TEXT,
full_text TEXT
);
CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_title ON cfr_sections(title_number);
CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_part ON cfr_sections(part_number);
CREATE INDEX idx_cfr_agency ON cfr_sections(agency);